英语短文改错专题及十年陕西高考英语真题短文改错

英语短文改错专题
短文改错常见错误类型
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点常见动词错误类型有
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；② and 前后动词时态不一致;
③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词;
⑤第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。

1）They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.（did 改为do 属于①）
2）As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.
(visiting 改为visited错误类型属于②)
3）There will an important game next month.(will后加be错误类型属于④)
4）One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.( ③主谓不一致)
2. 名词的常见错误
单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。

① I’ll get good marks in all my subject.（subject 改为subjects）
② Their word were a great encouragement to me.（word 改为words）
③Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.（knowledges改为knowledge）
3. 连词错误
连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等
（一般考查从句关系who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ）
① I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式改为whose)
② I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为and)
③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard.
④ When I was a child, rain was a mystery. In one class, I learned it rained.
4. 冠词错误
误用a和an（根据单词的因素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方）
多余的冠词或则少冠词。

① We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the the same 是固定搭配)
②As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants.（mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a ）
③ My teacher advised me to keep my dairy.
④ I hope you have pleasant journey.
5. 形容词和副词错误
1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell
/feel）
2) 词性的误用形容词修饰名词修饰实义动词，形容词和副词，过去
分词用副词
① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. （time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰）
② My pronunciation was terribly.
6. 代词错误
1）代词的主格和宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them ）
2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）
3）代词的单数和复数
4）多余的代词和少代词
① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express
me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改为myself )
② One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (加it)
③ If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out.
④ What’s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him.
7. 非谓语动词的常见错误
1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。

2）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），
3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。

4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。

① Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was…. (enjoy 后需接动名词talk--talking)
② But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(作主语改为going )
③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.
④I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the
changing colors of the leaves on the trees.
8. 介词错误
1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用
① There are too many people among my family. （among 改为in in my family 为固定搭配）
② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉at ）
9．习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。

这也是历年高考常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。

例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… of We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. of 10．逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。

如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。

例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. their
First, let me tell you something more about myself. 去掉more
… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. everyone
除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。

例如：
She was smiling but nodding at me. and
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. or
We may be one family and live under a same roof. the
短文改错解题思路和检查原则
1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；（句子结构与句子成分）
2）谓语动词的时态、语态；
3）非谓语动词的用法；
4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；
5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；
6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；
7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；
8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。

短文改错解题四原则
1）改动以最少为原则2）虚词以添加或删除为原则3）实词以改变词形为原则
4）以保持句子原意为原则
短文改错解题步骤
1）通读全文，掌握大意2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证短文改错解题口诀
动词形, 名词数.
还要注意形和副.
代词格, 细领悟.
介词短语须关注.
习惯用法要记住.
冠词连词常光顾.
1.陕西06
Dear Anish,
Here are the information about Manchester University. 76.
It is about 200 miles far away from London,and it 77.
has a very big schoolyard.You can live in the school 78.
or near the school.They have all sorts of course. 79.
I’m sure you will find one you like it. I know you 80.
are particular interested in Human Rights. So I will 81.
see that there is anything on their website（网址）. 82.
I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport 83.______ When you arrived.You met him a few years ago,but he 84.______ has changed a lot since then.Both your aunt or I look 85.______ forward to seeing you again.
See you soon.
2.陕西07
Are the years you spent at school best years of you life?
Personally, I found most lesson rather uninteresting. We had to
sit at our desks in silence and paid attention to what the teachers
were saying. They were used to write on the blackboard and ask
us difficult questions. We also had to do plenty of homework,and
hand it on time. We had to wear school uniforms and obey lots of
rules. I left school as soon as I can and started work. I read books
at the public library, and late I decided to attend college. Now
I really enjoy study because I’m growing old and know what I
Want it. When I was at school, I was just the wrong age!
3陕西08
John Brown is a London taxi driver who love going to the
theatre .Last week his mother gave him two tickets for a play.
The tickets were on Sunday evening. Then John read some
reviews of the play, which all said it was a terribly one! He
wouldn’t go to see a play that no one liked it.So two hours
before the play started, he left the ticket on the back seat of
his taxi. Perhaps someone who wanted see the play would take them. However, while John went back home, the tickets were
still there. In the fact ,there were four tickets on the seat.
Someone has placed another pair of tickets on top of them!
4陕西09
My classmate ,Joseph ,is at present in hospital
with a breaking leg .He was walking to school the other
day when he let a bicycle ran right into him .He never
watches where he is going ,so he often gets into the trouble.
But he is having a nice time there .He has a comfortable
room, patiently nurses , and a great deal of time to read .
Some friends of his go to see him every day , they take him
lots of good book and fresh fruit .He is not losing any time
from school because he is busy study what he has
missed in class .The doctor says he is recovering fast than
expected and will be out of hospital a few weeks .
5陕西10
My sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. She liked it at once. Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it. As she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt! I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! My sister wanted get out of the shop as fast as she could when a shop assistant came over to us. It was turned out to be her own cup, that she’d left on the shelf by mistake. The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister, for I just thought it was funny!
6陕西11
Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor. I didn’t have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get. Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and actor couldn’t be seen everywhere. I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building. He was right there i n the front of me! I couldn’t believe my luck-not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!
7陕西12
My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the
hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.
8陕西13
My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.
One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught . Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.
9【2012浙江卷】
Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 1 called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil. As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to do.
10.【2012全国新课标】
I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From
the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I
was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began
to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, "That's it. No more toys to you." My punishment lasted a year.
Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.
My attitude changed from then on.
11.【2012全国I】
Every one of us can make a great efforts to 76.＿＿＿＿＿＿cut off the use of energy in our country. To begin with, all 77.＿＿＿＿＿＿of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only 78.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿when we have a real need. That won't be easy, I know，79.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿but we have to start anywhere. What's more, we can go to 80____________ work by bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy 81_________ smaller cars that burn less oil. Other way is to watch our 82_________ everyday use of water and electric at home. For example, 83________
how many times have you walked out of a room and leave the 84_________
lights or television when no one else was there? 85___________ 12.【2012全国II】
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you opinion about water saving.76.______
Water is important. We, as well as animal, cannot live 77.______
without water and neither agriculture or industry can go 78.______
without it. Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less. 79.______
Many countries in the world find we don’t have enough water.80.______ To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all 81.______
out to plant trees though trees will help save water. Next, no 82.______
drinking water should be left running. Third, we should find 83.______
ways to reuse the water using in washing, especially bath 84.______
water for which is quite a lot, and that will save much water. 85.______
Sincerely,
Li Hua
13.【2012四川卷】
Dear Mom,
Mother’s Day is coming. I’m sorry that I am abroad 66._______ and can’t send your flowers, so I’m writing to you. 67._______ Mom, I know I have never expressed my thank to you 68.________ before. But on today, at this special time, I just want to tell 69.________ you loudly: I love you, Mom! Thank you so much by not 70._________ only giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good 71._________ person. Thank you for all you had done for me. Mom, though 72._________ I may often say it, I do love you. Nobody can take your 73,_________
part in my heart. Whenever I am, I will always love you. 74._________ Hope you good health and much happiness every day! 75._________
Your little girl,
Jennifer
14.【2012重庆卷】
Dear Grandpa,
How are you those days? I have been missing you very 76._________ much after I went to college a year ago. Whenever I think of 77._________ the old days, I feel very happily. I still remember when I 78._________ was child, you always held me in your arms and told me stories 79._________ till I fall asleep. We often went to the fields to enjoy the pleasant 80._________ view there. You told me the name of different plants and their 81._________ characteristics. Gradually, I became interesting in biology 82._________ and chose to learn biology when I entered into the college. Now 83.________
my friend Ann, together with me, are going to do field study 84.________ and the findings will be use as materials for our research. Since 85.________ we’ll do the study in our hometown, I hope to see you by then.
Yours,
Daisy
15.【2012辽宁卷】
Dear Diana,
Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Anne's friend, Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home.
There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park there Gina nearly got knocked over as A car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina off at her parents' and made our own way to home.。