统计学专业英语

统计学专业英语
Statistics is a specialized branch of mathematics that involves the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. It is used to make informed decisions, predictions, and conclusions based on numerical information.
Here are some important terms and concepts related to statistics:
1. Data: Facts, numbers, or information that can be collected and analyzed.
2. Population: A complete set of individuals or objects that a statistician is interested in studying.
3. Sample: A subset of the population that is selected for analysis.
4. Descriptive statistics: Techniques used to summarize and describe data, such as measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) and measures of variability (range, standard deviation).
5. Inferential statistics: Techniques used to make inferences or generalizations about a population based on data from a sample.
6. Hypothesis testing: The process of using statistical analysis to determine if there is enough evidence to support or reject a hypothesis.
7. Probability: The likelihood of an event occurring, often expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
8. Random variable: A variable that takes on different values based on chance or probability.
9. Distribution: A pattern of values or probabilities of a random variable.
10. Regression analysis: A statistical method used to estimate the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
11. Confidence interval: A range of values that is likely to contain the true value of a population parameter, along with a level of confidence associated with it.
12. Statistical significance: The probability that an observed difference or relationship between variables is due to chance alone. These are just a few key terms and concepts in statistics. A degree in statistics typically involves studying probability theory, mathematical statistics, data analysis, and statistical modeling. Students also learn how to use statistical software and perform various tests and analyses.。