电气工程及其自动化专业英语第五单元课件

New Words
central processing unit 中央处理单元
workstation
n. 工作站
mainframe
n. 主机，主机架
supercomputer
超级计算机
server 服务器
client 客户
microcomputer 微型计算机
desktop computer 台式计算机
译为：两台及以上的计算机和其它设备以共享数据和程序为目的连接在 一起可组成计算机网络。
Notes
[12]. One impressive simulation designed to run on a super computer tracked the movement of thousands of dust particles as they were tossed about by a tornado.
operating system 操作系统
Notes
[1]. Most people can formulate a mental picture of a computer, but computers do so many things and come in such a variety of shapes and sizes that it might seem difficult to distill their common characteristics into an all purpose definition.
formulate 是描绘的意思，come in 以…… 形式出现，distill 提取
译为：大多数人都能描绘一台计算机，但由于计算机能做许多事情，有 许多形状和规格，以至于人们难以提取其共同特征形成通用定义。
Notes
[2]. As its core, a computer is a device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output, all according to series of stored instructions.
译为：在一台计算机中，大多数的处理任务在一个叫做“中央处理元件 CPU”的部件中完成，该部件有时被称为计算机的大脑。
Notes
[6]. Storage is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis when it is not immediately needed for processing.
(1) Until recently geneticists were not interested in particular genes.
基因学家们最近才开始对特定基因感兴趣。
(2) Don't start working before having checked the instrument thoroughly.
[13]. Most desktop computers use a separate monitor as a display device, whereas notebook computers use an flat panel LCD screen (liquid crystal display screen) that is attached to the system unit.
译为：因为工作站成本高，通常专用于设计任务，而不执行普通微型计 算机的任务，如文字处理，图像编辑，互联网访问等。
Notes
[11]. A computer network is two or more computers and other devices that are connected for the purpose of sharing data and programs.
要对仪器彻底检查才能开始工作。
液晶
New Words
mouse n. 鼠标
floppy disk drive 软盘驱动器
hard disk drive 硬盘驱动器
CD-ROM drive CD-ROM驱动器
DVD drive DVD驱动器
CD-writer
CD写入器，刻录机
sound card 声卡
digital camera 数码相机
译为：多数台式电脑使用一台分立式监视器作为显示设备，而笔记本电脑 采用一个与系统单元相连的平板LCD显示屏（液晶显示屏）。
Notes
[14]. A floppy disk is a round piece of flexible mylar plastic covered with a thin layer of magnetic oxide and sealed inside a protective casing.
Chapter 5 Computer
New Words
instruction 指令 document n.文件 thermostat 恒温器，定温器，温度自动调节器 audio signal n. 声频信号，音频信号 program n. 程序 keyboard n. 键盘 software n. 软件
the series of instructions 为主语，其后为that引导的定语从句修 饰instructions；is referred to as 为谓语；a computer program 为 宾语。
译为：告诉计算机如何处理任务的一系列指令被称为计算机程序，简称 程序。
Notes
[5]. In a computer, most processing takes place in a component called the central processing unit (CPU), which is sometimes described as the "brain" of the computer.
“covered with a thin…… casing”为过去分词作后置定语，可改为 定语从句形式，如：which is covered with ……
译为：软盘是一个由轻便聚酯薄膜塑料构成圆盘，它的外面覆盖一层薄的 磁氧化物，里面封铅作为保护层。Fra bibliotekNotes
[15]. The storage capacity of a hard-disk unit is many times that of a floppy disk and much faster.
译为：由于手持式计算机处理速度慢、屏幕小，无法像台式电脑和笔记 本那样处理多种任务。
Notes
[10]. Because of its cost, a workstation is often dedicated to design tasks, and is not used for typical microcomputer applications, such as word processing, photo editing, and accessing the Web.
这句话中designed 和tracked 两个动词过去式，容易导致谓语的混 淆，而designed实质上是个被动语态的过去分词，用来做simulation的 后置定语，tracked 才是本句的谓语。
译为：被设计在超级计算机上运行的深度仿真处理数千微粒运动时就像这 些微粒被龙卷风撕碎一样快。
Notes
译为：几乎每一台个人计算机都装有一个内置的调制调解器，可以通过标 准的电话线建立因特网连接。
Exercises
课内完成section 1中的Exercises I, II 课后作业: section 1中的Exercises III （p90）。
Transition of Sentence Patterns
在翻译过程中，可以根据原文的具体情况， 按照汉语的表达习惯，对原文句子结构进行调 整和转换。有些转换方法已经在前面章节作过 介绍，如长句分译法等。下面介绍其他几种较 常用的转换方式。
Transition of Sentence Patterns
1. 否定变肯定译法
该方法是将原文中否定的表达形式译成肯定形式。
New Words
notebook computer 笔记本电脑 handheld computer 掌上电脑 animated graphics 动画图像 local area network ( LAN)局域网
LCD screen ( liquid crystal display screen ) 显示屏 display device 显示设备
译为：它通常可提供多种计算任务的服务，如字处理，图像编辑，电子 邮件和Interet访问等。
Notes
[9]. With its slow processing speed and small screen, a handheld compute is not powerful enough to handle many of the tasks that can be accomplished by desktop or notebook personal computers.
译为：就计算机核心而言，它是一种根据所存储的指令接受数据，处理 数据，存储数据，产生输出数据的装置。
Notes
[3]. An input device, such as a keyboard or mouse, gathers input and transforms it into a series of electronic signals for the computer.
译为：计算机是多功能机器，它能够处理的任务种类繁多，但是某些类 型的计算机比其他计算机可能更适合处理某些特定任务。
Notes
[8]. It typically provides access to a wide variety of computing applications, such as word processing, photo editing, e-mail, and Internet access.
Notes
[17]. Virtually every personal computer system includes a built-in modem that can be used to establish an Internet connection using a standard telephone line.
译为：诸如输入设备，键盘和鼠标，搜集输入信息并将其转变为计算机 使用的一系列电子信号。
Notes
[4]. The series of instructions that tell a computer how to carry out processing tasks is referred to as a computer program，or simply a “program”.
译为：硬盘存储容量是软盘的很多倍，并且速度快的多。。
Notes
[16]. A small circuit board, called a sound card, is required for high-quality music, narration, and sound effects.
译为：如果追求高质量的音乐，语言和声音效果，则要装配一个叫做声卡 的小电路板。
译为：外存是不需要立即进行处理的数据的永久保存区域。
Notes
[7]. Computers are versatile machines, which are able to perform a truly amazing assortment of tasks, but some types of computer are better suited to certain tasks than other types of computers.