《英美文学》复习纲要

《英美文学》复习纲要
I. Define the following terms
1. Lake poets:
2. Pre-romanticism:
3. Romanticism:
4. Byronic heroes
5.: Critical Realism:
6. Dramatic monologue
7. Neo-romanticism
8. Naturalism
9. Aestheticism
10 Stream of consciousness
11. .Imagism
12. American Puritanism
II. Reading comprehension：
Passage1
O my luve is like a red, red rose,
That’s newly sprung in June;
O my luve is like the melodie
That’s sweetly played in tune.
2
As fair thou art , my bonie lass,
So deep in luve am I;
And I will luve thee still, my dear,
Till a’ the seas gang dry.
3
Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear ,
And the rocks melt wi’ the sun;
And I will luve thee still , my dear,
While the sands o’life shall r un.
4
And fare thee weel,my only luve,
And fare thee weel awhile;
And I will come again, my luve,
Tho’it were ten thousand mile!
Questions:
1.The poem is entitled____________, written by ______________.
2.The theme of the poem is about ________.
3.The poem is written in _________dialect.
4.The rhythm used in the odd-numbered lines is ______ while that used in the even-numbered lines is __________.
5.The rhyme scheme employed in the first two stanzas of the poem is ____ and that employed in the last two stanzas is ___
6.List two rhetorical devices used in the poem with one example each.
Passage 2
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude,
And then my heart with pleasure fills
And dances with the _______.
…”
Questions:
1. Identify the poet and the title of the poem. (2 points)
2. What is the last word at the end of the line? (1 points)
3. What is the metrical pattern and rhyme scheme of the above excerpt? (4 points)
4. Please paraphrase this stanza. (3 points)
Passage 3
She lived unknown, and few could know
When Lucy ceased to be;
But she is in her grave, and oh,
The difference to me!
1) Who was the writer?
2) What is the name/ title of the poem?
3) What does “and oh, /The difference to me!” imply?
4) Why the writer use “unknown” and “know” in the same line?
Passage 4
I heard the merry grasshopper then sing,
The black-clad cricket bear a second part;
They kept one tune and played on the same string.
Seeming to glory in their little art.
Small creatures abject thus their voices raise,
And in their kind resound their Maker' s praise,
Whilst I, as mute, can warble forth no higher lays?
Questions:
1.This is the ninth of the "Contemplations" written by an early American woman
writer. What is her name?
2.Make a brief comment on this short poem.
Passage 5
Huswifery
Make me, O Lord, thy spinning wheel complete.
Thy holy word my distaff make for me.
Make mine affections thy swift flyers neat,
And make my soul thy holy spool to be.
My conversation make to be thy reel,
And reel the yam thereon spun of thy wheel. Questions:
1. Identify the poet of this poem.
2. Make a brief comment on this poem
Passage 6
Sunset and evening star,
And one clear call for me!
And may there be no moaning of the bar,
When I put out to sea,
But such a tide as moving seems asleep,
Too full for sound and foam,
When that which drew from out the boundless deep
Turns again home.
Twilight and evening bell,
And after that the dark!
And may there be no sadness of farewell,
When I embark;
For though from out our bourne of Time and Place
The flood may bear me far,
I hope to see my Pilot face to face
When I have crossed the bar.
Questions:
1.Who is the author and what is the title of the poem?
2. What are the images of the end of life in the poem?
3. What is the theme of the poem?
Passage 7
•"Standing on the bare ground—my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted in to infinite space—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent
eye-ball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal being circulate
through me; I am part or particle of God. "
1. Which work is this selection taken from?
2. How do you understand the philosophical ideas in these words?
Passage 8
The apparition of these faces in the crowd;
Petals on a wet, black bough.
Questions:
1.Who is the writer of this poem? _______________
2.What is the title of this poem? _______________
3.What images in this poem suggest Haiku poetry and what images are “modern”?
4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem? And what
feeling and meaning does the poem express to you?
III. Questions and Answers.
1. What is the significance of Preface to Lyrical Ballads?
(In the Preface to the Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth set forth his principles of poetry. He based his own poetical theory on the premise that good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings. He appealed directly to individual sensation as the foundation in the creation and appreciation of poetry. Ordinary peasants and children may be used as subjects in the poetic creation. As to the language used in poetry, Wordsworth endeavored to bring language near to the real language of men.)
2. What does “She” (referring to Lucy) in“She Dwelt Among the Untroden Ways” imply?
3. What is the theme of “She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”?
4. “I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!/ A heavy weight of hours has chained and bowed/ One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.” The a bove quotation is taken from Shelley’s poem ‘Ode to the West wind”. What does the underlined part mean?
5. Why did Shelley wish to be “a dead leaf”, “a swift cloud” and asked the West wind to “lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud”?
6. What is the image of “nightingale” in Keats’“Ode to a Nightingale”?
7. What are Austen’s writing features Jane Austen?
(She is one of the realistic novelists. She drew vivid and realistic pictures of everyday life of the country society in her novels. Austen’s work has a very narrow literary field. She confines herself to small country parishes, whose simple country people became the characters of her novels, but within her own field, she is unrivaled. Her novels show a wealth of humor, wit and delicate satire. Her pots are straight-forward; there is little action. Her characters are like real living creatures, with faults and virtues mixed as they are in real life. Her prose flows easily and naturally. Her dialogue is admirably true to life.)
8. Why does William Makepeace Thackeray give one of his novels the title Vanity Fair and the subtitle “Novel without a Hero”?
9. What is the character Rebecca Sharp?What is your opinion on the character Rebecca Sharp?
10. What are the major contributions made by the 19th century critical realists?
(The major contribution is their perfection of the novel. Like the realists of the 18th century, the 19th century critical realist made use of the form of novel of full and detailed representations of social and political events, and of the fate of individuals and of whole social classes. However, the realistic novels of the 19th century went a step further than those of the 18th century in that they not only pictured the conflicts between individuals who stood for definite social strata, but also showed the broad social conflicts over and above the fate of mere individuals. Their artistic representation of vital social movements such as Chartism, and their vivid description of the dramatic conflicts of the time make the 19th century realistic nov el “the epic of the bourgeois society”.)
11. What is the significance of American Puritanism in American literature?
12. Please make a brief statements of English critical realism.
13. Please summarize the main principles of Mathew Arnold’s literary criticism .
14.Pease make a brief summary of the principles of Imagist movement .
15.What are the main features of New England Transcendentalism.
IV. Topic Discussion
e examples from Oliver Twist to illustrate the major themes of the novel.
2.Please retell the story of The Tale of Two Cities written by Charles Dickens , and
then make comments on it on the terms of its theme and characterization.
3.Please retell the story of Vanity Fair written by W. M. Thackeray , and then make
comments on it on the terms of its theme and characterization.
4.Please retell the story of Jane Eyre, and then make comments on it on the terms
of its theme and characterization.
5.Please retell the story of Wuthering Height, and then make comments on it on the
terms of its theme and characterization.
6.Please retell the story of Scarlet Letter, and then make comments on it on the
terms of its theme and characterization.
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