2019届高三英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Women of achievemen课时作业 新人教版必

Unit 1 Women of achievement
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·重庆市重点中学协作体高考适应性考试)
Have you heard of the following people? Maybe yes, maybe no. But they may be an inspiration for you.
The Tree Lady
Kate Sessions was an American botanist and landscape architect closely associated with San Diego, California. After becoming the first woman to graduate from the University of California, Berkeley, she took a job as a teacher far south in the dry desert town of San Diego. Kate decided that San Diego needed trees more than anything else. Therefore this young woman single­handedly started a movement transforming the town into the leafy, garden­filled place as it is today.
The Snowflake (雪花) Man
Wilson Bentley is one of the first known photographers of snowflakes. His enthusiasm for taking photos of snowflakes began from his boyhood and was often misunderstood in his time, but his determination revealed two important truths: no two snowflakes are alike; and each one is surprisingly beautiful. In 1931, he worked with William J. Humphreys of the U．S. Weather Bureau to publish Snow Crystals, a book containing 2, 500 photographs.
The Father of His Country
By the late 1760s, George Washington had experienced firsthand the effects of rising taxes imposed(征收) on American colonists by the British, and came to believe that it was in the best interests of the colonists to declare independence from England. During the American War of Independence, he led the colonial forces to victory. In 1787, he was elected president of the Convention that wrote the U．S. Constitution. Two years later, Washington became America's first president. His retirement from office after two terms established a tradition that lasted until 1940, when Franklin Delano Roosevelt won a third term. The 22nd Amendment (1951) now limits the president to two elected terms.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三位鼓舞人心的名人。

1. Who made a great contribution to beautifying an area?
A．George Washington.
B．Wilson Bentley.
C．Kate Sessions.
D．William J. Humphreys.
答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“she took a job as a teacher far south in the dry desert town of San Diego”和“this young woman single­handedly started a movement transforming the town into the leafy, garden­filled place as it is today”可知，Kate Sessions在将圣地亚哥的一个荒漠小镇变成宜人的地方上作出了巨大贡献。

故选C。

2. What is Wilson Bentley famous for?
A．His creative ideas to publish books.
B．His persistence in photographing snowflakes.
C．His courage to fight against prejudice.
D．His devotion to teaching kids scientific truths.
答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。

根据第三段的内容尤其是“Wilson Ben tley is one of the first known photographers of snowflakes. His enthusiasm for taking photos of snowflakes...”可知，Wilson Bentley以坚持拍摄雪花而出名。

故选B。

3. What does the author say about George Washington?
A．He was a national hero.
B．He was born into a poor family.
C．He became America's president in 1787.
D．He served three terms as the President of America.
答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“came to believe that it was in the best interests of the colonists to declare independence from England. During the American War of Inde pendence, he led the colonial forces to victory”可知，他开始意识到宣布从英国独立对殖民地定居者最有利。

美国独立战争期间，他带领殖民地的武装力量获得了胜利，即美国获得了独立，由此可推知，他是美国的民族英雄。

B
(2018·安徽江南十校联考)
Whenever the word “hero” comes to me, I immediately think of three Hs: honorable, hardworking, and happy. When I think more about this word, I picture someone who has accomplished good things for people and tries to do the right thing. Hattie Elizabeth Alexander is one person whom I find to be very heroic.
Hattie was born in Baltimore, Maryland on April 5,1901. During her time at college she earned her Bachelor's Degree in Bacteriology and Physiology. These were just the first steps toward what she was finally going to be remembered for. After college Hattie attended Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and received her medical degree.
After her education, she pursued her career, and after much time and hard work, she drastically reduced the number of infants (幼儿) dying from meningitis (脑膜炎). Hattie was very dedicated to her work and helped at as many locations as she could. Spending substantial (大量的) time in the laboratory, Hattie successfully developed a cure against the disease, which decreased the death rate to 20 percent. At the same time, she was also a teacher working with Columbia University.
She was a caring lady interested in other people's lives. When she was teaching at Columbia University, other members would talk to her about students that were failing their classes, and somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away. Later, Hattie became an instructor in Pediatrics at New York City's Babies Hospital. After many honors, she became the first woman president of the American Pediatric Society in 1965. This was her last major achievement, for soon after, Hattie died of cancer on June 24, 1968.
Hattie is my hero because her positive attitude and strength helped her accomplish great things for others. She gave them her strength by developing medicines against diseases, which, by doing so, made them stronger. This is what makes Hattie Elizabeth Alexander my hero.
【文章大意】本文介绍了作者心目中的英雄——哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大为社会作出的贡献。

4. According to the passage，Hattie Elizabeth Alexander ________.
A．received her Bachelor's Degree in Johns Hopkins School
B．spent all her time in the laboratory developing cures for illnesses
C．cared a lot about others' private lives
D．always tried her best to help prevent students from dropping out of college 答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。

根据文章第四段第二句“...somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away.”可知，哈蒂总会尽最大努力阻止学生辍学。

故选D项。

5．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．
A．slightly B．hardly
C．greatly D．totally
答案与解析：C'考查词义猜测。

根据文章第三段第一、二句以及第三句中的which decreased the death rate to 20 percent可推断出，此处指经过哈蒂的付出和努力，幼儿死于脑膜炎的比例大大下降。

故推测，drastically意为“大幅度地；彻底地”，与greatly 意思相近。

故选C项。

6．Hattie is considered to be a hero by the author in that ________.
A．she was an honorable, hardworking and happy
person
B．she was a very dedicated woman doctor with many honors
C．she was a caring lady who helped many students finish college
D．she was the first woman president of the APS
答案与解析：A'考查推理判断。

根据文章第一段的内容可知，作者视哈蒂为英雄是因为她是一个品德高尚、勤奋且快乐的人。

故选A项。

7．Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?
A．An Honorable Woman
B．A Woman Accomplishing Great Things
C．My Hero—Hattie Elizabeth Alexander
D．The First Woman President of the APS
答案与解析：C'考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，本文讲述的是作者心目中的英雄哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大。

故选C项。

Ⅱ.完形填空
(2018·南通十校二模)
When I was young, like you, I had a dream. But my dream wasn't like that of an __1__ kid. It was to be the best tennis player __2__ simply the best “female” one in the world.
__3__， I had a family encouraging me to follow my dream. I learned how important it is to __4__ a dream and to dream big. My fight began when I was three and I haven't taken a __5__ since.
But too often, most women are not supported or are __6__ from choosing their path. I hope it could be changed. For me, it was a __7__ of resilience (坚忍). What others marked as __8__ about me — my race, my gender—I accepted as fuel for my success. I never let anything or anyone __9__ me. I controlled my future.
When it comes to equal pay, it frustrates me __10__ I know first­hand that gender differences exist. I would __11__ want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the same work. Women have to __12__ many barriers to success. One is that we are constantly __13__ we are not men. People call me one of the “world's greatest female athletes”. Why don't they say LeBron is one of the world's best male athletes? We should never let this go __14__. We should be judged by our achievements but not __15__.
For everything I have achieved, I am __16__ to have experienced the highs and lows that come __17__ success. I hope my story will be a(n) __18__ for women to fight for their dreams. We must __19__ to dream big, and in doing so, we enable the next generation of women to be __20__ in their pursuit.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

作者以自己的事为例呼吁全体女性勇敢追求成功，为争取性别平等而不懈努力。

1．A.ambitious B．excellent
C．average D．energetic
答案与解析：C 根据第一段第三句“It was to be the best tennis player”以及倒数第二段“People call me... Why don't they say LeBron is one of the world's best male athletes？”可知，此处指作者说自己小时候的理想与普通孩子的是不同的，故选average“普通的，一般的”。

ambitious“有野心的，有雄心的”；excellent“优秀的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。

2．A.instead of B．regardless of
C．other than D．more than
答案与解析：A 结合本文主旨以及倒数第二段中的“People call me one of the ‘world's greatest female athletes’. Why don't they say LeBron is one of the world's best male athletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此强调的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的网球运动员，而不是最好的女网球运动员。

instead of“而不是”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；other than“除了”；more than“多于，超出”。

3．A.Hopefully B．Fortunately
C．Obviously D．Generally
答案与解析：B'幸运的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓励她追寻自己的梦想的家人。

此处亦与第三段中的“But too often，most women are not supported...”形成对比。

hopefully“有希望地”；obviously“明显地”；generally“普遍地”。

4．A.make up B．set up
C．care for D．push for
答案与解析：D'根据下文中的“My fight began when...”“fight for their dreams”可知，这里指作者知道了为梦想而努力是多么重要。

push for“为……而努力，力争”。

make up“编造，构成”；set up“设立，建立”；care for“照顾”。

5．A.risk B．leave
C．break D．chance
答案与解析：C'作者从三岁时就开始为理想奋斗，自此一直从未间断。

break“暂停，中断”，符合语境。

6．A.defended B．excused
C．discouraged D．dismissed
答案与解析：C'但是通常，大多数女性不被支持，或者被阻止去选择自己的道路。

discourage“阻止，阻挠”，符合语境。

defend“保卫，保护”；excuse“同意免除”；dismiss“去除，摒除”。

7．A.thought B．question
C．moment D．bonus
答案与解析：B'作者希望这种境况可以改变，在作者看来，这是有关“坚忍”的问题(question)。

thought“想法”；moment“时刻”；bonus“意外收获，奖金”。

8．A.disadvantages B．concerns
C．qualifications D．personalities
答案与解析：A'根据下文中的“my race, my gender”“I accepted as fuel for my success”可知，此处指被别人列为作者的劣势(disadvantages)的东西，比如她的种族，她的性别，作者将它们视为追求成功的动力。

concern“担忧”；qualification“资格”；personality“个性”。

9．A.ignore B．attack
C．comfort D．limit
答案与解析：D'根据下文中的“I controlled my future.”可知，作者从不让任何事或任何人来限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未来。

limit“限制”，符合语境。

10．A.although B．because
C．unless D．if
答案与解析：B'当谈起同工同酬问题时，作者感到懊恼，因为她自己亲身体验到性别差异的存在。

分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且前面是果，后面是因。

故用because。

11．A.ever B．even
C．never D．just
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者永远不希望看到干了同样的工作，女儿得到的报酬却比儿子的少。

never“从不，绝不”。

12．A.break down B．take after
C．lay aside D．put away
答案与解析：A'为了获取成功，女性不得不打破许多障碍。

break down“打破，消除”，符合语境。

take after“追赶，跟踪”；lay aside“留存备用，把……放在一边”；put away“猛吃，积蓄，把……收起来”。

13．rmed B．reminded
C．assured D．criticized
答案与解析：B'其中一个障碍就是总有人提醒我们不是男性。

remind“提醒，使想起”，符合语境。

inform“通知，告知”；assure“使确信”；criticize“批判”。

14．A.unchallenged B．unpunished
C．uncompleted D．uncontrolled
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者在此想表达的是女性不能对此置之不理，而要敢于质疑。

unchallenged“不被怀疑的，完全接受的，没有异议的”，符合语境。

unpuni shed“未受惩罚的”；uncompleted“未完成的”；uncontrolled“未受控制的，不加约束的”。

15．A.appearance B．position
C．background D．gender
答案与解析：D'对我们的评价应该依据我们的成就而不是我们的性别。

gender“性别”，符合语境。

appearance“外貌”；position“职位”；background“出身背景，学历”。

16．A.superior B．grateful
C．indifferent D．preferable
答案与解析：B'作者从心底里感谢已经经历过的伴随成功而来的起起伏伏。

grateful“感激的，表示感谢的”，符合语境。

superior“更好的，占优势”；indifferent“不感兴趣，漠不关心”；preferable“更可取的，更合适的”。

17．A.with B．through
C．from D．beyond
答案与解析：A'参见上题解析。

with“和，随着”，符合语境。

18．A.intention B．inspiration
C．solution D．expectation
答案与解析：B'作者希望她的故事可以激励女性为她们的梦想而奋斗。

inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)，使人产生动机的人(或事物)”，符合语境。

intention“意图”；solution“解决方法”；expectation“期待”。

19．A.pause B．agree
C．promise D．continue
答案与解析：D'女性必须继续心怀远大的理想，这样做的话，我们就给予下一代女性力量，给予她们追求成功的勇气。

下文中的“the next generation”是暗示。

continue“继续”，符合语境。

20．A.expert B．enthusiastic
C．brave D．learned
答案与解析：C'参见上题解析。

expert“内行的，经验丰富的”；enthusiastic“热情的”；brave“勇敢的”；learned“有学问的，博学的”。

本文档仅供文库使用。

百度文库是百度发布的供网友在线分享文档的平台。

百度文库的文档由百度用户上传，需要经过百度的审核才能发布，百度自身不编辑或修改用户上传的文档内容。

网友可以在线阅读和下载这些文档。

百度文库的文档包括教学资料、考试题库、专业资料、公文写作、法律文件等多个领域的资料。

百度用户上传文档可以得到一定的积分，下载有标价的文档则需要消耗积分。

当前平台支持主流的doc(.docx)、.ppt(.pptx)、.xls(.xlsx)、.pot、.pps、.vsd、.rtf、.wps、.et、.dps、.pdf、.txt 文件格式。