(怀化专版)中考英语命题研究 第二编 语法专题突破篇 专题十 动词的时态 第一节 时态的基本构成(精
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专题十动词的时态
,某某五年中考命题规律及趋势
考纲要求1.现在进行时
2.一般现在时
3.一般过去时
4.一般将来时
5.过去进行时
6.现在完成时
时态年份题号选项设置提示词分值一般
过去时
201329 invent/inven
ting/was
invented
无1分
现在
进行时
201662
are________(
sit)
are 1分201327
eat/are
eating/ate
Look 1分201226
took/takes/a
re taking
Look 1分过去
进行时
201428
is
walking/was
walking/has
played
when引导的
时间状语从句
主句时态
1分
现在完成时
201627
has been
to/has gone sorry,he
isn't in.
1分
to/went to
201529
change/chang
ed/has
changed
since 引导的
主句时态
1分
动词的时态是某某中考单项选择题中的高频考点。
语句设置多为一个单句,词数在10~15词,其语境设置不是很灵活,大多都有明显的时间状语提示。
现在完成时五年中考过两次;过去时,过去进行时五年中也分别考过一次;现在进行时五年中考了三次;一般现在时和一般将来时五年中没考过一次,为冷考点。
此外在翻译句子中也涉及对时态的考查,考查点主要为一般现在时。
预计2017年某某中考的单项选择仍会出现一道时态题,现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时考查的可能性很大。
第一节时态的基本构成
,某某中考重难点突破
【满分点拨】
1.动词的五种基本形式变化表
英语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
形式构成例词
动词原形
没有经过任何变形,就是词典
中一般给出的形式
be,do,have,e
第三人称
单数
一般在动词原形后直接加s
work—works
read—reads
以s,o,x,z,sh,ch结尾
的动词,后加es
go—goes
wash—washes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,fly—flies
续表
续表
常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换:
have closed/opened have been closed/open
have died have been dead
have left have been away
have begun/started have been on
续表
短暂性动词延续性动词
have finished/ended have been over
have bee have been
have borrowed have kept
have bought have had
have joined
have been a member of/
have been in
have left sp. have been away from sp.
have fallen asleep have been asleep
have put on have worn
have caught/got a cold have had a cold
have got to know have known
2.常见6种时态的构成及用法
种类意义构成特点时间标志词例句备注
一般现在时
1.现阶段经
常性或习惯
性动作
2.目前的状
态
3.客观真理
be用
am/is/are;
主语是第三
人称单数
时,作谓语
的行为动词
词尾加
s/es;其
他人称和数
often,
sometimes,
usually,
always,
twice a
month,on
Sundays,
every
week/month/
He usually
leaves for
school at
7 in the
morning.他
经常早上7
点去学校。
The moon
moves
用动词原形year…
(every系列) around the earth.月亮绕着地球
转。
一般过去时
1.过去发生
的动作
2.过去存在
的状态
be用
was/were;
其他动词用
过去式
just
now,…
ago,in
1980,last
night/week/
month…
(last系
列),this
morning,
yesterday,
the other
day,used
to
We went to
the History
Museum last
Monday.上周
一我们去了
历史博物
馆。
I was
busy
yesterday.
我昨天很
忙。
一般将来时
1.将来发生
的动作
2.将来存在
的状态
1.助动词
will
(shall)+动
词原形
2.am/is/ar
e going to
+动词原形
tomorrow,
from now
on,soon,
in the
future,
next
year/week/m
onth/
term…(next
系列)
I will meet
you at the
school gate
tomorrow.明
天早上我将
在校门口见
你。
I'll be
15 next
week.下周我
就15岁了。
在时间和条
件状语从句
中,用一般
现在时代替
一般将来时
续表
种类意义构成特点时间标志词例句备注
现在说话时或现am/is/are+now,at The 表示位置移
进行时阶段正在进
行的动作动词的现在
分词
present,at
the
moment,
look,
listen
telephone
is
ringing.Cou
ld you
answer it,
please?响
了,你可以
接听一下
吗?
动或状态变
化的动词,
如:e,go,
leave等词的
现在进行时
形式可表示
将要发生的
动作
过去进行时过去某一阶
段或某一时
刻正在进行
的动作
was/were+
动词的现在
分词
at 1:00
last
night,at
that
moment,表
示过去时间
的状语从句
,我正在读
书。
He was
always
plaining
about
something.
他总是抱怨
一些事情。
在复合句
中,如果两
个动作同时
发生,那么
延续性动词
用过去进行
时,短暂性
动词用一般
过去时,通
常在when或
while引导的
时间状语从
句中出现
现在完成时
1.到现在为
止已经完成
的动作;对
现在还有影
响
2.从过去开
始延续到现
在的动作或
状态
have/has+
动词的过去
分词
yet,just,
before,
recently,
once,
already,
lately,
ever,
never,
since
1996,for
He has only
been to the
Great Wall
once.他去过
长城一次。
I
have been
in the
Youth
Volunteers
for five
1.since后面
的从句用一
般过去时,
主句用现在
完成时2.短
暂性动词不
与一段时间
连用。
如果
要与一般时
间连用必须
【考点抢测】
一、词语运用
1.Grandma usually __wakes__up__ early in the morning.(醒来)
2.When we __pare__(比较) Western culture with Chinese culture,you'll find many differences.
3.That pany __provided__ (提供) us with 3,000 dollars in 2012.
4.The thief stole__ (steal) food from the supermarket and was caught by the policemen.
5.The wind __swept__away__ (sweep away) the clouds and the sky was clear.
6.We still don't know when your friend __will__e__ (e) here.
7.I overslept this morning.By the time I got to the train station,the train __had__left__(leave).
8.I __was__reading__ (read) a novel last night when I heard knocks at the door.
二、单项选择
( C )9.(2016某某中考)—________you ever______the history museum,Paul?
—No,I haven't.
A.Do;visit B.Did;visit
C.Have;visited
( A )10.(2016某某中考)—Have you watched the new movie KungFuPanda3,Kelly?
—Notyet.I________itwithmyclassmatetonight.
A.willwatchB.waswatching
C.havewatched
( B )11.(2016永州中考)—What are you doing now?
—I________to the music.
A.is listening B.am listening
C.was listening
( A )12.(2016某某中考)—I think I'll take a bus to the meeting.
—The bus?If you________,you'll be late.
A.do B.have done C.will do
( C )13.(2016某某中考)—Your coat fits you well.
—________it when I was on vacation.
A.have bought B.buy C.bought
( A )14.(2016某某中考)—What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening? —I________my homework.
A.was doing B.have done C.did。