高考英语一轮复习 Unit 23 Conflict课时练1 阅读理解提速练 北师大版选修8-北师大版

Unit 23 Conflict
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
Ⅰ阅读理解
A
(2018·福建高中毕业班质检)The World Health Organization
(WHO) said that processed meat may be carcinogenic(致癌的)．Do
you still dare eat cancer­linked processed meat? Here are some
comments on the website.
Bill (Australia) I’d rather live a short, pleasant life than a long，unhappy one, denying(拒绝给予) myself tasty food just because some experts say it’s not healthy.We should all enjoy the one life we have—if I had listened to every piece of health advice I would never go anywhere, eat anything or enjoy life in any way.So, I won’t change my habit.I am going to have a bacon sandwich, glass of wine, burger, can of coke whenever I feel like it.
Tim (America) Is meat really as bad as smoking？I don’t think so.According to the WHO 34，000 people die worldwide per year because they eat processed meat.In 2012, 8.2 million people died of cancer worldwide.That means if you eat a lot of processed meat you have a chance of being among the 0.41 percent of people dying of cancer beca use of processed meat.I’ll take the chance.
Helen (Switzerland) The WHO doesn’t say that just one bite of meat causes cancer, it is rather saying that people should vary their diet.People who eat more meat often have other unhealthy habits.They usually eat fewer fruits and vegetables and they also often exercise less.
Van(China) Perhaps this report will make people consider becoming vegetarians(素食者)．So for your health, the environment and future generations, it is not difficult; it just needs a change of attitude.There is a vast variety of other delicious food available to enjoy.
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一些网民对于世界卫生组织公布的食用加工肉制品可能致癌的这一信息的个人看法。

1．What if Bill has to change his habit?
A．He’ll feel unhappy.
B．He’ll live a pleasant life.
C．He’ll go on a diet.
D．He’ll become a vegetarian.
A解析：推理判断题。

根据第二段的“I’d rather live a short, pleasant life than a long, unhappy one, denying(拒绝给予) myself tasty food just because some experts say it’s not healthy.〞可推知，Bill如果改变目前的饮食习惯，他会不开心的。

2．What does Tim think about eating processed meat?
A．Too risky.B．Fairly safe.
C．Popular worldwide. D．Very unhealthy.
B解析：推理判断题。

根据第三段的“Is meat really as bad as smoking？I don’t think so.〞和“That means if you eat a lot of processed meat you have a chance of being among the 0.41 percent of people dying of cancer because of processed meat.I’ll take the chance.〞可知，Tim认为吃加工肉制品并不是什么要命的事儿，还是比拟安全的。

3．What may be Helen’s response to WHO’s warning?
A．Caring little about it.
B．Eating whatever she likes.
C．Varying the diet and doing exercise.
D．Taking a diet without meat.
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第四段的“it is rather saying that people should vary their diet.People who eat more meat often have other unhealthy habits.They usually eat fewer fruits and vegetables and they also often exercise less.〞可知，Helen 对WHO的警告的回应是应该饮食多样化并多锻炼身体。

B
(2018·安徽百所重点高中模拟)I had the honour of being elected
chief of my tribe(部落)．With the title came great responsibility.
It was my job to make peace with the Maori Tamaki tribe, whose
village we visited. Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced
us down with fierce crying, sticking eyes and much noise of sticks. They laid a palm leaf on the ground and, as head, I was forced to accept this peace offering by picking it up, then touching noses with their chief. “Kia ora，〞 he said, welcoming us
into the woodland home of his people.
My “tribe〞 was my New Zealand coach tour group, who had forced me into being their leader. We had been warned that the ceremony was a serious occasion and that to laugh or even smile would be considered rude to the Tamaki. After that it was non­stop fun as they demonstrated their ancient customs and I received instruction in performing the haka, the war dance immortalized(使不朽) by the All Blacks rugby team.
Then they pulled our dinner of lamb, beef and vegetables out of the ground. It had been slow­cooked in the heat just below the surface in the geothermal(地热的) area of North Island, a Maori tradition known as a hangi that goes back an extremely long period of time.
Obviously, this form of it is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable. The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort, our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show. “The wheels on the bus go round and round，〞 he got us singing, while he circuited a round about three times.
A couple of days from the end of our trip, there was still something missing, a New Zealand icon I wanted to see to make my grand tour complete. Riding over a ridge, there it was—Aotearoa. The Maori name for New Zealand translates as “the land of the long white cloud〞. Can I say “Kia ora, Aotearoa？〞 You bet I can.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了他去新西兰旅游时接触到的毛利文化。

4．How were the visitors greeted in the tribe?
A．The soldiers made a palm leaf road.
B．The soldiers touched their noses.
C．The soldiers shook sticks fiercely.
D．The soldiers made noise with shut eyes.
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“Their soldiers...much noise of sticks. They laid a palm leaf on the ground〞可知，毛利部落的勇士们从独木舟上跳下来，用狂热的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃动声将作者一行人镇住了，他们还在地面上放置一片棕榈叶。

这些都是毛利人对游客表示欢迎的方式。

应当选C。

5．Which refers to the Maori cooking custom?
A．Kia ora.B．Haka.
C．Hangi. D．Tamaki.
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第三段可知，在地下土炉中烹制食物是毛利饮食传统，这被称为hangi。

6．What does the author think of the driver?
A．He was good at singing.
B．He made the journey memorable.
C．He was not familiar with the road.
D．He performed well on a TV show.
B解析：推理判断题。

根据第四段可知，作者一行人的回宾馆之旅让他们难忘：有表演天赋的毛利老司机让作者他们一路欢歌，应当选B。

7．What is the best title for the text?
A．A Taste of Maori Culture
B．Hello, New Zealand
C．The Honour of Being a Tribe Chief
D．The Best of New Zealand
A解析：标题归纳题。

作者作为赴新西兰的旅游团的队长，在旅游中有幸接触毛利文化，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，故A项“体验毛利文化〞作标题最优。

C
(2018·辽宁大连双基测试)Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases, for example, on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的), like the “close〞 button on a lift.
Many people are in the habit of pressin g the “close〞button because they don’t have the patience to wait.But lifts’ “close〞 buttons are a complete trick, at least in the U．S.—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.
It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the U．S., making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the door closing process if they have special keys.
But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren’t completely useless.According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense
of control.
“A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases well­being，〞said Ellen J．Langer, a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that don’t do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.
For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don’t live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before computer­controlled traffic signals were introduced.
But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these litt le “white lies〞， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时生活中所见到的按钮可能是不起作用的。

8．What is the auth or’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To describe different fake buttons.
B．To explore the functions of fake buttons.
C．To analyze various habits of pushing buttons.
D．To explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.
B解析：写作意图题。

通读整篇文章可知，作者通过举例子介绍了不同地点的虚假按钮，其目的是探求这些虚假按钮的功能。

应当选B。

9．What can we learn about the “close〞 buttons on a lift in America?
A．They work when people press them hard.
B．They were designed for a sense of control.
C．They never speed up the doo r­closing process.
D．They take the safety of the disabled into account.
D解析：细节理解题。

根据第三段中的第一句可知，美国电梯里的“关闭〞按钮是为了确保残疾人能安全地通过。

应当选D。

10．What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?
A．They can make people feel better.
B．They help computers work faster.
C．They can control the traffic signals.
D．They help pedestrians cross safely.
A解析：推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control〞和第六段中的“For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don’t live up to their names either.〞可知，人行横道按钮也没有实现其功能，但可以让人们感觉好一点，应当选A。

11．Which may be the best title for the passage?
A．Buttons in the U．S.A.
B．Buttons Always Lie
C．Buttons May Not Work
D．“Close〞 Buttons on Lifts
C解析：标题归纳题。

通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了有些按钮只是形式上的，而不具备真正的实际功能。

故C项“按钮可能不起作用〞最符合文章主旨。

应当选C。

D
(2018·合肥高三第一次质检)When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America，they brought along with them aspects of their own culture—religion，dance，language，music，and cuisine.A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston，and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns(圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships.
These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues〞，which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War.This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry.
The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa，but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened the identity of their music that，in the 1950s，eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll.The Beatles，the most influential band of the 1960s，is often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology(意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today.The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music.It was not just music any more，but a lifestyle.
Over the decades，music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture.Musicians are glorified，with tons of adoring and screaming fans.The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans，as well as the widespread commercialization of music. However，criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production，and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.
【解题导语】当奴隶开始被从西非带到美国南部时，他们也带来了自己的文化——宗教、舞蹈、语言、音乐和烹饪。

本文主要讲的是音乐在文化融合中的开展。

12．What contributed to the birth of the Charleston?
A．Various African religions.
B．People’s love of tribal dances.
C．A mix of two different cultures.
D．The popularity of sorrowful hymns.
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston〞可知，两种文化的混合促进了Charleston的出现。

应当选C。

13．According to the passage，what can we learn about the blues?
A．It became popular in the late 20th century.
B．It may include the description of slaves’ sad lives.
C．It mainly told the stories of the American Civil War.
D．It reflected the hard lives of many black musicians.
B解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“These soulful accounts by slaves of t he severe climate and conditions began to be called ‘the blues’〞可知，对在苛刻的气候和环境下工作的奴隶的那些深情凄婉的描述被称作“the blues〞。

应当选B。

14．What does the underlined word “This〞 in the third paragraph refer to?
A．Slaves’ collective work.
B．One region of West Africa.
C．The new common culture.
D．The music by the Beatles.
C解析：代词指代题。

根据第三段中的“...they worked together until they
gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened...〞可知，他们一起工作直到他们逐渐形成一种共同的文化。

应当选C。

15．It can be learned that the music in the early 20th century ________．A．possessed soul and sincerity
B．became more commercialized
C．was blamed for its mass production
D．widened the gap between musicians and fans
A解析：推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century〞可知，选A。

Ⅱ七选五
(2018·郑州一中高三入学测试)In the age of the keyboard，some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out.
Steve Graham，a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years.
1.________He said，“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.〞
Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting.
2.________
Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting.
3.________Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day.
Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again.
4.________Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.
5.________
Teachers commonly r eport that about one­fourth of their students has poor handwriting.Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice recognition(识别) programs.
A．After all，that is why we write.
B．Nowadays teachers pay more an d more attention to their students’ writing.
C．So is it still being taught?
D．But who cares if people know how to write well?
E．But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it.
F．Today’s thinking is that short periods of practices are better.
G．He says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day.
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了在电脑时代，学校教授书法的现状研究。

1．C解析：根据下文中的“it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three〞可知，空处应表示对是否要教学生书法的疑问，故C项符合语境。

2．E解析：根据上文中的“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.〞与空前一句可知，此处表示对研究结果的进一步分析，故E项符合语境。

3．G解析：根据下文中的“Others teach it f or sixty to seventy minutes a day.〞可知，此处表示一些教师教授书法的时间，所以G项符合语境。

4．F解析：根据语境可知，空处与上文的“Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again.〞形成比照，并与下文的“Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.〞呼应，此处讲述的是学书法的方法的今昔差异，故F项符合语境。

5．A解析：根据语境可知，空处承接上文中的“Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.〞，此处表示表达想法正是我们练习书法的原因，所以A项符合语境。