2010~2018年湖南长沙市中考英语真题专题汇编及详细答案-选择题
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选择题
一.选择题(共60小题)
1.(2018•长沙)﹣The weather report says it's going to have a shower this afternoon.﹣It does?We'd better____now,just in case.()
A.to leave B.leaving C.leave
【解答】根据We'd better____now,可知had better+动词原形,表示最好做某事,这是固定用法.
故选:C.
2.(2018•长沙)﹣Is the man over there Adam?
﹣It____be him.He has gone to Hong Kong on vacation.()
A.must B.can't C.mustn't
【解答】考查情态动词.A必须.B不可能.C不允许.结合语境"﹣﹣那边那个人是亚当吗?﹣﹣__是他,他去香港度假了.".可知,表示否定推测,用can't不可能.
故选:B.
3.(2018•长沙)﹣Do the twins look the same?
﹣No.Jane is____taller than Claire.()
A.little B.more C.a little
【解答】考查形容词词义辨析.A.little少量,后接不可数名词;B.more更,比较级taller 前不能用more;C.a little一点,修饰比较级,起强调作用;根据题干Jane is____taller than Claire.可知简比克莱尔高一点.
故选:C.
4.(2018•长沙)﹣How many apples can I have?
﹣You can have two.___are for Jim.()
A.The others B.Others C.The other
【解答】考查同义词.the others意思是"其他东西,其余的人".特指某一范围内的"其他的(人或物)".others相当于other+复数名词,泛指"另外几个","其余的".the other(两个中)另一个.句意"﹣﹣我能有多少苹果?﹣﹣你可以有两个,其它的是给吉姆的.".可知,特指其它的苹果.用the others做主语.
故选:A.
5.(2018•长沙)You mustn't drive a car on the road____you get a driver's license.()A.unless B.if C.since
【解答】选项A意为:除非,选项B意为:如果,选项C意为:自从.结合句意:除非你有驾驶执照,否则你不能在路上开车.
故选:A.
6.(2018•长沙)﹣Mom,I bought us two tickets to the 2018 World Cup in Russia.﹣Really?_____pleasant surprise!()
A.How B.What C.What a
【解答】语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导,其句型是:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词,形容词是pleasant,名词surprise可数名词单数,pleasant以辅音音素开头的,需要加冠词a,应用what来感叹.
故选:C.
7.(2018•长沙)British physicist Stephen Hawking,who____as the "smartest man alive",passed away in England on March 14,2018.()
A.praised B.was praised
C.will be praised
【解答】根据题意:英国物理学家斯蒂芬•霍金,被赞扬为"活着的最聪明的人",于2018年3月14日在英国去世.可知考查被动语态,时态为一般过去时,其结构为were/was+过去分词.
故选:B.
8.(2018•长沙)As long as the whole of our society_____trying,we will make our skies blue again.()
A.keeps B.will keep C.kept
【解答】根据题意:只要我们整个社会继续努力,我们就会让我们的天空再次变蓝.可知As long as 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来.
故选:A.
9.(2018•长沙)Kids,I hope you'll remember the good old days____we spent together in junior high though it's time to say goodbye.()
A.who B.what C.which
【解答】根据题意:孩子们,尽管是时候说再见了,我希望你们能记住我们在初中时一起度过的美好时光.可知考查定语从句的关系代词,先行词是old days,此处作宾语,故用that/which.
故选:C.
10.(2018•长沙)﹣Does anybody want to share____on Father's Day?
﹣Guess what?I'll write a poem for my dad.()
A.when will you shop B.what you will do
C.where you will go
【解答】根据题干,可知考查宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,故排除A;由I'll write a poem for my dad,可知回答的是要做的事,应该用what提问.
故选:B.
11.(2017•长沙)﹣﹣﹣Hello,John.This is Mike.What are you doing now?
﹣﹣﹣I'm watching a football match.It started at 7:30 p.m.and ______ on for another one hour.()
A.has been B.was C.will be
【解答】答案:C.结合﹣﹣﹣I'm watching a football match.It started at 7:30p.m.and ______ on for another one hour表达的是还要持续一个小时,故用一般将来时will+动词原形,故答案是C.
12.(2017•长沙)______ April 22nd,people around the world celebrate Earth Day in different ways.()
A.In B.At C.On
【解答】答案:C.
in意思是"在…时候"要放在表示世纪,年,季节,月份的词语前面.at意思是"在…时候"at意思是"在…时候"一般用在时间点前面.on意思是"在…时候"在具体的某一天要用介词on.根据"April 22nd"四月22号,这是一个具体的日期,所以前面要用介词on,所以这个句子的意思是"在四月22号的时候,全世界各地的人们用不同的方式庆祝地球日."
综上所述,故选C.
13.(2017•长沙)There's ______ in the city.Why not have a picnic in the countryside?
Great!Daweishan Mountain might be a good choice.()
A.interesting something
B.nothing interesting
C.anything interesting
【解答】答案:B.
something意思是"某事,某物";nothing意思是"没有什么事物";anything意思是"任何事物".根据"Why not have a picnic in the countryside?"为什么不到郊区野餐呢?因此可知前一句的意思是"城里没有什么吸引人的地方,"如果有形容词修饰不定代词的时候,要放在不定代词的后面,综上所述,故选B.
14.(2017•长沙)______ carefully,please!Look at the road sign.There is a school ahead.()A.Drive B.To drive C.Driving
【解答】答案:A.
根据题干结合选项推断设空处句子的句意是"小心开车,看路标,前面有一所学校.",这里动词位于句首表示一种请求或命令,句子是一个肯定祈使句,其构成是:动词原形+其他;故选A
15.(2017•长沙)Is there anybody who can lend me a hand?
I'm afraid not.You know,you're supposed to depend on ______.()
A.myself B.yourself C.themselves
【解答】答案:B.
根据语境you're supposed to depend on 推测句意是"﹣﹣有人能帮助我一下吗?
﹣﹣恐怕没有,你知道,你应该依靠你自己.",由此可以推断设空处缺少反身代词,构成短语"depend on oneself依靠自己",再根据主语是you,判断用反身代词yourself,故选B.
16.(2017•长沙)Not only my parents but also my sister ______ crazy about the TV play in the name of people.()
A.is B.are C.have been
【解答】答案:A.表达的是客观事实用一般现在时,be crazy about对…着迷,主语not only…but also…连接的两个并列成分,谓语动词遵循就近原则,结合my sister三单,故is,故答案是A.
17.(2017•长沙)Philips,______ you make so much noise when your little sister is sleeping?
Sorry,Mum.I'll stop right away.()
A.can B.may C.must
【解答】答案:C
A.可以,能够B.可以,也许C.必须,根据Sorry,Mum.I'll stop right away对不起,妈妈,我马上停止.可知问句并不是表达"请求许可",排除A B,句意是"你就非得弄出这么大的声音吗?"表一定做某事.故选C.
18.(2017•长沙)Shared bikes,which are environmentally friendly,______ quite popular among big cities in China since last April.()
A.became B.have become
C.will become
【解答】答案:B.结合since last Apr可知动作发生在过去,对现在造成一定的影响,故用现在完成时have/has+过去分词,主语bikes复数,故答案是B.
19.(2017•长沙)We'll achieve our dreams some day ______ we keep trying and never give up.()
A.as long as B.even though
C.so that
【解答】答案:A;
根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是连词的用法.根据设空处前后句可以推测答语的句意是"只要我们坚持努力,永不放弃,总有一天我们会实现梦想."表示"只要…"用短语as long as,故选A.
20.(2017•长沙)Could you please tell me ________?
For two weeks.()
A.how soon he will be back
B.how long he will be away
C.how long will he be away.
【解答】答案:B.tell后加宾语从句,引导词+陈述句语序,结合下文For two weeks上文用how long多长时间,故答案是B.
21.(2016•长沙)Miss Smith,an American lady,has taught _______ English for three years.()
A.we B.us C.our
【解答】答案:B
we我们,主格;us我们,宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;teach教,实义动词,
后面的宾语要用宾格形式,故选B.
22.(2016•长沙)﹣_______ will you fly to Beijing?
﹣In two days.()
A.How long B.How often C.How soon
【解答】答案:C;How soon多久以后,再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间的提问;How often多久一次(对频率进行提问);How long 多长时间(对时间多久进行提问);根据答语In two days.可知上句是对将来的一段时间进行提问;故选C.23.(2016•长沙)﹣I think I'll take a bus to the meeting.
﹣The bus?If you_______,you will be late.()
A.do B.have done C.will do
【解答】答案:A
本句考查if引导的条件状语从句,根据句意如果你那样的话,你会迟到的."主句是一般将来时,从句应使用一般现在时表将来,一般现在时的构成是:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式;故选A.
24.(2016•长沙)﹣What do you think of the movie Zootopia?
﹣Hmm…I think it is _______ movie that I have ever seen these years.()
A.a good B.a better C.the best
【解答】答案:C
根据"I have ever seen these years(这些年我看过的)"可知,这里应该用形容词的最高级形式,A选项是good的原级形式;B选项是good的比较级形式;C选项是good的最高级形式,故答案为C
25.(2016•长沙)﹣Your coat fits you well.
﹣Thank you.I_______ it when I was on vacation.()
A.have bought B.buy
C.bought
【解答】答案:C 根据时间状语从句"when I was on vacation",可知动作发生在过去,应该用一般过去时.have bought为现在完成时的构成;buy为一般现在时的构成;bought 为一般过去时的构成.故选C.
26.(2016•长沙)﹣Did you win the game yesterday?
﹣Not really.______we all tried our best,we lost it.()
A.If B.Though C.Unless
【解答】答案:B;If如果;Though虽然;Unless除非;根据答语we all tried our best和we lost it可知,二者是转折关系,用Though引导让步状语从句;故选B.27.(2016•长沙)﹣Finally,they came back.
﹣They ______be hungry after such a long walk.()
A.can't B.must C.needn't
【解答】答案:B.
can't不可能;must一定,必须;needn't不必.根据after such a long walk,可知走了这么长的路他们一定饿了.must一定,必须.故选B.
28.(2016•长沙)﹣Jane's spoken English is pretty good.
﹣Yeah,she works hard and practices _______ it both in and out of class.()
A.spoke B.to speak C.speaking
【解答】答案:C.
根据she works hard and practices _______ it both in and out of class,可知本句考查了practise的用法:practise doing sth练习做某事,后面跟动词的ing形式.故选C.29.(2016•长沙)﹣What are you doing,Tim?
﹣I am listening to the song Long Live _______ makes me feel excited.()
A.which B.who C./
【解答】答案:A;
首先分析句子结构,本句中的"_______ makes me feel excited"在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词the song 为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,且指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which,故选A.
30.(2016•长沙)Now smart phones _______ in many ways in our daily life.()A.are used B.is used C.are using
【解答】答案:A.
首先根据句意"现在智能手机被应用在日常生活中的多个方面."句子表述的是现在的客观事实,所以用一般现在时,主语smart phones 是动作use的承受者,表示"被使用"所以用被动语态,一般现在时被动语态的构成是:主语+am/is/are+动词的过去分词,主语是复数名词,be动词用are,故选A.
31.(2015•长沙)﹣﹣﹣__________ I use your dictionary?
﹣﹣﹣Of course.But please return it to me before you leave.()
A.Must B.Need C.May
【解答】答案:C.Must必须,一定;Need 需要;May可以.根据Of course可知,这个题考查的是情态动词的用法,这里表示的是请求对方的许可,表可以,用may.故选C.
32.(2015•长沙)There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.()A.anything B.something C.nothing
【解答】答案为B.本题主要考察不定代词的用法.anything一些事或物,常用于否定句或问句中;something 一些事或物,常用于肯定句中;nothing没有一些事或物,本身表示否定.根据题干中的it hurts seriously 可知这个句子是一个肯定句,A项用于否定句和问句,C选项用于否定句,故答案为B
33.(2015•长沙)It's necessary for us _________ to our parents when we have problems.()A.to talk B.talking C.talk
【解答】答案:A.
根据It's necessary for us _________ to our parents when we have problems,可知这里使用的句型是It is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是…的.由此可知,这里it 作形式主语,to引导的动词不定式作真正的主语.故选A.
34.(2015•长沙)﹣Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight?
﹣﹣No,I _________it last week.()
A.see B.have seen C.saw
【解答】答案:C 根据答语中时间状语last week可知描述的是过去发生的事情,应该用一般过去时,一般过去时态的构成:主语+谓语动词的过去式.see的过去式为saw,故选C
35.(2015•长沙)﹣Rose,could you please water the flowers in the garden?
﹣﹣Why _________?You see,my brother is listening to music.()
A.me B.I C.mine
【解答】答案:A、me 是第一称代词I的宾格;B、第一人称代词I的主格;C、是第一人称代词I的名词性物主代词.题中Why _________?这是一个没有谓语动词的句子,在这种没有谓语动词的句子中,人称代词常用宾格形式.故只me符合题意,排除B和C.故选A.
36.(2015•长沙)﹣Jane Zhang is going to hold a concert here in July.
﹣﹣Really?________ exciting news!()
A.How B.What an C.What
【解答】答案:C.根据exciting news!可知这里考查了感叹句,本句的中心词是news,它是一个不可数名词,exciting是一个形容词,在这里修饰news,根据What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!故选C.
37.(2015•长沙)﹣﹣I called you last night,but you didn't answer.
﹣﹣Sorry,Grace.I________I am A Singer when the phone rang.()
A.am watching B.was watching
C.have watched
【解答】答案:B 根据答语中时间状语从句when the phone rang(当电话铃响时)和上文"我昨晚给你打电话,但是没人接.",判断该空处的动作表示在过去某个时刻正在进行着,且动作在一段时间内持续进行,所以用过去进行时,过去进行时的构成是:主语+was/were+动词的现在分词,主语是I所以be动词用was;watch的现在分词为watching,故选C
38.(2015•长沙)_______he had failed many times,he didn't give up and succeeded in the end.()
A.Unless B.Although C.If
【解答】答案:B.
根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是连词的用法.根据设空处前后句的句意"他失败了很多次,"和"他没有放弃并且最后成功了.",在这里两个句子之间存在转折关系,although"
虽然;尽管",引导让步状语从句,符合句意.故选B
39.(2015•长沙)There will be ___________ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway.()
A.fewer B.less C.more
【解答】答案:A 根据There will be ___________ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway可知,"因为他们更喜欢乘坐地铁",所以"公共汽车将会变少",这是两者之间的比较,应该用形容词的比较级形式;又因为cars是可数名词复数形式,此处应该是few 比较级fewer,意思是"更少的公共汽车",故选A.
40.(2015•长沙)﹣Could you tell me ________the Dragon Boat Festival in China?
﹣﹣Sure.People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi.()
A.when do people celebrate
B.why people celebrate
C.how people celebrate
【解答】答案:C.根据Could you tell me可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项A是疑问语序,所以排除掉;根据People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi,可知人们经常看龙舟比赛和吃粽子,说明问的是如何过端午.因此要选择how开头的句子.故选C.
41.(2014•长沙)My sister is old enough to dress______now.()
A.himself B.herself C.myself
【解答】答案:B himself是他自己;herself是她自己;myself是我自己.dress意为"穿衣服"时,宾语常常是人,不是衣服.我的妹妹是第三人称单数,结合句意,也就是女的她,故选herself.
42.(2014•长沙)Mother's Day is_____the second Sunday in May in the United States.()A.on B.in C.at
【解答】根据句中关键词the second Sunday in May可知,五月的第二个星期日,表示具体到某一天,前用介词on,故选A.
43.(2014•长沙)_______of us wants to go to the park today,because we have to finish so much homework.()
A.Either B.Both C.Neither
【解答】C either表示两者中的任何一个;both表示两者都;neither表示两者都不.根据后面的we have to finish so much homework.可知我们俩都不想去公园.故选C 44.(2014•长沙)﹣Is the schoolbag under the desk yours?
﹣No,it's my______.He left it there just now.()
A.brother B.brother's C.brothers'
【解答】B 根据He left it there just now.可知是一个弟弟,所以brother要用单数形式,弟弟的,那就要brother的后面加's,
故选:B.
45.(2013•长沙)Mary was born in 1998 and she began to play __ _____ guitar at the age of seven.()
A.a B.不填C.the
【解答】答案:C;乐器前面要用定冠词the,所以应该是play the guitar.故选C.46.(2013•长沙)He has written many books,but _______ of them are good.()A.few B.many C.any
【解答】答案A.A.few表示否定"几乎没有,很少",后面接可数名词复数.B.many 许多.C.any表示三者或三者以上的每一个或任何一个,一般用于否定句或疑问句.由句中"but"表示的转折关系,和many对比,可知应是指没有几本书是好的,倾向于否定的含义.结合题意可知用few,故答案选A.
47.(2013•长沙)The man makes a living _______ teaching.()
A.without B.with C.by
【解答】答案:C
根据makes a living(谋生)和teaching(教书),联系生活实际,可知教书是谋生的一种手段,方式.表示方式要用by+doing.without表示没有;with表示伴随.故选C.48.(2013•长沙)﹣Does she like singing English songs?
﹣Yes.She _______ to sing English songs in her room.()
A.often does B.is often heard
C.often hears
【解答】答案:B 根据其后的to sing,可知排除A与C.hear只有在被动语态中才会接to do形式.故本句应用被动语态(be+done).根据often可知应用一般现在时.故本处需要一般现在时的被动语态.主语she,故谓语动词用is.故选B.
49.(2012•长沙)﹣What do you think of Mike?
﹣He is honest boy.()
A.a B.the C.an
【解答】答案:C.用a还是用an一般说来,在辅音因素开头的词前用a,而在元音音素开头的词前用an.注意:有些以辅音字母开头的单词,由于第一个音不是辅音而是元音音素,其前用an;题干中的"一个诚实的男孩"中honest,它的读音是以元音因素开头的;
故选C.
50.(2012•长沙)Don't forget the light before you leave the room.()A.turning off B.to turn off
C.to be turned off
【解答】答案:B.根据Don't forget the light before you leave the room,可知这里考查了forget的用法:forget to do sth.表示不要忘记去做某事,这件事没有发生,表提醒;forget doing sth.表示不要忘记做过某事,这件事已经做过,叫某人不要忘记做过了.根据句意在离开房间之前,不要忘了关灯,表示这个动作还没做,所以应该用to do sth.故选B.
51.(2012•长沙)﹣Have you had breakfast?
﹣No,I got up at half past seven and went to school breakfast.()
A.on B.without C.as
【解答】答案:B.因为回答者自己对吃早饭进行了否定,因此他自己是没有吃早饭就去了学校,without是"没有",所以应该是"without breskfast".故选B.
52.(2012•长沙)He and his wife like singing.()
A.both B.all C.either
【解答】答案:A
选项A:两者都;选项B:三者及以上的都;选项C:两者之中的任何一个.
根据题干He and his wife他和他的妻子为两者,再根据谓语动词为like知两者都喜欢唱歌,故选A.
53.(2011•长沙)I usually go to school on _______ foot.()
A.a B.the C./
【解答】答案:C.本题考查零冠词的用法.根据固定短语on foot"步行"可知,on与foot 之间没有冠词.故选C
54.(2011•长沙)﹣How often do you see your grandparents?
﹣_______.()
A.Five days B.Once a month
C.In a week
【解答】答案:B;Five days,五天;Once a month,一个月一次;In a week,一周之后;
根据句中的疑问词how often,是对频率的提问,只有B项符合题意,故选B.55.(2011•长沙)When I came back yesterday evening,my brother _______ his homework.()A.is doing B.has done C.was doing
【解答】答案:C 根据When I came back yesterday evening可知,时间状语从句是一般过去时态.主句用过去进行时态;过去进行时态的结构为was/were+动词的现在分词.故选
C.
56.(2010•长沙)My sister can play________ violin very well.()
A.the.B.a.C./
【解答】答案:A.a,the ,都是冠词,a是不定冠词,表泛指"一个",the是定冠词,"
这,那,这些,那些".因violin"小提琴",是乐器,在使用冠词的时,在乐器前一定加定冠词the ,拉小提琴应用play the violin..由题干"我妹妹拉小提琴很好."可知,故答案选择A.
57.(2010•长沙)﹣﹣Which of the caps will you take?
﹣﹣I'll take__________,one for my father,the other for my brother,()
A.neither.B.both.C.all.
【解答】答案:B.分析句子,结合选项,推测意思是你要买哪一顶帽子?两个都买,一个给我爸爸,另外一个给我兄弟.故选B两者都.A两者都不,C三者或三者以上都.58.(2011•绥化)﹣Who helped you clean the room yesterday afternoon?
﹣______.I cleaned it all by myself.()
A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Nobody
【解答】答案:C
根据"I cleaned it all by myself"可知,此处应为否定回答.everybody每个人;somebody一些人;nobody没人,表否定.故此处答案为C Nobody
59.(2011•湘西州)Do you know the girl _________ is singing in the classroom?()A.when B.who C.which
【解答】答案:B when副词,指时间,在定语从句中作状语;who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which 关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.根据Do you know the girl _________ is singing…,可知本句中先行词是girl,是定语从句的主语,指人,故用who,故选:B.
60.(2010•长沙)﹣﹣Must I finish my homework at school?
﹣﹣_______.You can do it at home and hand it in next week.()
A.Yes,you must.B.No,you needn't.
C.Yes,I can.
【解答】答案:B.考查一般疑问句.Must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答Yes,…must.否定回答No,…needn't.结合语境"你可以在家里做,下周交.",可知,不需要在学校完
成,用否定回答.选B。