外研版高中英语必修四Module4GreatScientists单元练习

高中英语学习材料
（灿若寒星*制作整理）
高中英语外研版必修4Module4 Great Scientists单元练习
一、听力(听力)（共20小题；共20分）
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is the weather like now?
A. Sunny.
B. Cloudy.
C. Rainy.
2. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. John won't be back this evening.
B. The woman lent John her bicycle.
C. The man will ask John to be back quickly.
3. How does the man feel about his driving to work?
A. It takes him too much time.
B. The distance is a little long.
C. He feels that it's not bad.
4. What's wrong with the radio?
A. It can't be turned on.
B. It can't be turned off.
C. It doesn't work.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a restaurant.
B. At a cinema.
C. At a hotel.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6-7小题。

6. What kind of room does the man want?
A. A single room.
B. A double room.
C. A double with bathroom.
7. When will the man leave the hotel?
A. On July 15th.
B. On June 14th.
C. On June 15th.
听第7段材料,回答第8-10小题。

8. What did the man put up on the wall yesterday?
A. The picture he drew on his vacation.
B. The picture he took.
C. The picture of him taken last year.
9. What kind of pictures does the man like?
A. The pictures prepared for cameras.
B. The daily life pictures.
C. The pictures taken by others.
10. How many cameras does the man have?
A. Twelve.
B. Ten.
C. Two.
听第8段材料,回答第11-13小题。

11. What was the man in China for?
A. For a tour.
B. For a conference.
C. For a lecture.
12. How many cities did the woman visit in China?
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 6.
13. Who are the man and the woman?
A. A scientist and a traveler.
B. A reporter and a traveler.
C. A businessman and a scientist.
听第9段材料,回答第14-17小题。

14. Where will the man go?
A. To London.
B. To New York.
C. To Sydney.
15. When will the man leave?
A. On Friday night.
B. On Saturday morning.
C. On Sunday morning.
16. How long will the flight last?
A. Nearly 2 hours.
B. Nearly 3 hours.
C. Nearly 4 hours.
17. Why does the man take the trip?
A. For a visit.
B. On holiday.
C. On business.
听第10段材料,回答第18-20小题。

18. What does the story told by the speaker mean?
A. Communication is very important.
B. Humans are powerful.
C. Language is created by God.
19. What does the speaker regard foreign languages as?
A. Knowledge.
B. Tools.
C. Skills.
20. How will the speaker teach?
A. By conversations.
B. By telling stories.
C. By written tests.
二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)（共15小题；共15分）
21. I'm short of the money, and can't afford a new car to r my old one.
22. This form includes your p details such as nationality, date of birth and address.
23. I bought a shirt because it was good in q and reasonable in price.
24. His book has been p , gaining a big popularity.
25. Our teacher could e as well as teach. He always makes his lessons lovely and interesting.
26. Luckily, the bomb didn't e and the crowd were safe.
27. With their p up by 20%, they can produce more cars to satisfy the demand.
28. Robben Island was a prison from which no one could e .
29. Every year Africa a large amount of beef to Europe.
30. Our p appearance is determined by our genes.
31. Our o (起初的) plan was to go camping, but it was pouring with rain.
32. To build a business of my own, I try to find some financial s (支持).
33. Why is it necessary for a and industry to develop very quickly?
34. A s line is the shortest distance between two points.
35. When we are doing exercises, I think quality is more important than q .
三、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)（共15小题；共15分）
36. No one can (取代) you in my heart.
37. We can't allow our (个人) feelings to get into the way.
38. The furniture in that shop is of high (质量).
39. Every year, India ----(出口) a lot of tea and cotton to many different countries.
40. In production, we demand not only (数量) but also quality.
41. The editor says they cannot (出版) all the letters they received.
42. The hotel guests tried their best to (逃跑) from the burning building.
43. You'd better take more (身体的) exercise to make yourself healthy.
44. We shall take a series of measures to increase (生产).
45. The bomb was timed to (爆炸) during the rush hour.
46. You should (教育) your children to behave well.
47. They accepted his advice and abandoned the (最初的) plan.
48. She started her (生涯) as an English teacher.
49. Nowadays it's becoming more and more difficult for a (大学毕业生) to find a job.
50. Having a large family to (支撑,养活), he took up two part-time jobs in his spare time.
四、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共10小题；共20分）
51. 你为什么非要提钱这个话题? （词数不限）
Why did you have to the subject of money?
52. 这是我第二次被那个人欺骗了；我再也不会相信他了。

This is the second time I by that person; I shall never trust him again.
53. 由于准备不足，这次考试他又没通过。

He failed again in this exam lack of preparation.
54. 这个男孩靠卖报纸能养活自己。

The boy can make a living .
55. 你的年龄已经足够大，可以自食其力了。

（词数不限）
You are old enough to .
56. The new mayor of our city will (上台) at the end of this month.
57. 据报纸报道，武汉正在建设几条新的地铁线路。

(build) (词数不限)
It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines in Wuhan.
58. The new bridge (竣工) at the end of this month. (complete)
59. 她发现她一直盼望的衣服卖给别人了。

(词数不限) (sell)
She found the beautiful dress she had been looking forward to .
60. He is (以他的小说最为闻名) set in his childhood, such as The Adventure of Tomsawyer and The Adventure of Huckberry Finn. (known)
五、单项选择（共15小题；共15分）
61. Why did you have to the subject of money?
A. bring down
B. bring up
C. bring on
D. bring about
62. --- I think nothing can a mother's love, even the most valuable thing in the world.
--- I'm quite with you.
A. replace
B. recognise
C. expect
D. explain
63. He fell down from the bike and broke his leg. , he will have to be away from school for
two or three months.
A. As a result of
B. With the result that
C. Without result
D. As a result
64. After graduation from college, she her living as a composer.
A. earned
B. brought
C. did
D. took
65. --- All this cloth is sold now.
--- Why isn't it sold ?
A. in weight; in yard
B. by the weight; by yard
C. in weight; in the yard
D. by weight; by the yard
66. Right now the government is trying to control the number of people who by H1N1 flu.
A. have been affected
B. have affected
C. are affected
D. affect
67. --- I don't suppose the police know who did it.
--- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and now.
A. has been questioned
B. is being questioned
C. is questioning
D. has questioned
68. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team four days later.
A. rescued
B. was rescued
C. has rescued
D. had been rescued
69. In the flood, he narrowly escaped .
A. drowning
B. to be drowned
C. being drowned
D. to drown
70. --- What do you think of store shopping in the future?
--- Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but .
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
71. The left-wing party in the country in 1992, and since then both the employment and the
people's welfare have been improved greatly.
A. was in power
B. is in power
C. came to power
D. came in power
72. If you turn on the lights when there is a gas leak, it may .
A. reflect
B. recover
C. exist
D. explode
73. He is famous both a novelist and poet but he is more famous his novels.
A. for; as
B. with; for
C. as; for
D. like; as
74. Tom in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. has been working
D. had been working
75. The of their life has been improved greatly since the party's policy was carried out.
A. behaviour
B. quantity
C. quality
D. attitude
六、完形填空（共20小题；共30分）
American medical researchers have made a research. It shows that even a small amount of exercise will help us 76 longer. The 77 was carried out by scientists at Harvard and Stanford universities, which were very famous in America. It involved about 17,000 students who 78 Harvard between 1916 and 1950.
The scientists 79 their research in 1960. They collected a lot of facts and studied the medical 80 in everyone in the study group 81 living and dead. Members of the study group 82 how much they walked, how many 83 they climbed, what kind of sports they 84 in for and many other things they 85 each week. The scientists checked information about the height, weight, 86 pressure and family records of heart disease. Their research showed exercise helped
87 the chance of death from a number of diseases. They also concluded that sport's and games
88 people's bodies and prevented them from putting on weight.
They found that two thirds of people who had heart 89 never exercised. 90 of the scientists said the most important 91 was that people who do not exercise have more heart
diseases, but they won't realize the 92 of sports until they get the disease. He also said that it might be 93 now to get them to exercise when their doctors 94 them to. They 95 doctor's advice very seriously and they want to keep healthy and have a longer life.
76. A. learn B. remember C. live D. work
77. A. exercise B. report C. research D. class
78. A. attended B. passed C. entered D. visited
79. A. began B. finished C. stopped D. discovered
80. A. care B. research C. practice D. history
81. A. between B. either C. both D. all
82. A. reported B. thought C. said D. guessed
83. A. races B. steps C. building D. hills
84. A. left B. took C. went D. devoted
85. A. could B. should C. used D. did
86. A. air B. water C. blood D. strength
87. A. reduce B. slow C. lose D. miss
88. A. increased B. kept C. built D. harmed
89. A. beat B. work C. problems D. break
90. A. One B. Most C. All D. Few
91. A. invention B. discovery C. subject D. plan
92. A. truth B. importance C. joy D. disadvantage
93. A. important B. necessary C. harder D. easier
94. A. advise B. agree C. hope D. lead
95. A. ask B. refuse C. take D. give
七、阅读理解（共14小题；共28分）
A
"I wish that in one instant I could tell you of my safe arrival, but we are 3,000 miles apart and must wait four long weeks to hear from each other." Samuel Morse was 20 when he wrote this sentence in a letter to his mother in 1811. He was in London studying art. She was at the home in Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA, where he had been born. Perhaps it was at the moment of writing the letter that young Morse first had the wish to bridge space with flying words. This wish was later to give the world the electric telegraph (电报).
He returned in 1815 to work on history painting much admired in Europe. Morse completed an oil painting The House of Representatives, expecting that this would bring him fame(名声). But there was hardly any demand in the United States for history painting, and he unwillingly started to support himself by painting portraits(肖像画). He was often close to poverty during his career as an artist.
During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. Conversations with Jackson made the artist believe that an electrical current could be used for communication. During the rest of the voyage he worked excitedly on drawings for his plan. After his arrival home, he abandoned his artistic career to give his full attention to the project.
Morse had an inventive mind but little knowledge of electricity. He did years of work and study to perfect his invention. In 1837 he applied for a patent on the American Electromagnetic Telegraph. He went to England, France, and Russia asking for aid for his invention but met with failure there as at home. People admired his courage in the face of poverty and disappointment. Finally in 1843 the United States Congress provided Morse with $30,000 to build a line from Washington to Baltimore. In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. Newspapers, railroads, and businesses quickly found use for the telegraph, which for the first time created a global community.
96. According to Paragraph 1, Morse probably thought .
A. communication by letter was not convenient
B. it was amazing to communicate by telegraph
C. life in London was not as happy as he expected
D. he should return to America to care for his mother
97. After returning from Europe in 1815, Morse .
A. became famous thanks to his The House of Representatives
B. found Americans had little interest in history painting
C. got very curious about painting portraits for others
D. led an easy and peaceful life on the whole
98. The third paragraph is about how Morse .
A. painted the first telegraph
B. got the idea for his invention
C. became an expert on electricity
D. learned from a scientist from Paris
99. What is the best title of the text?
A. Samuel Morse: From Home to World
B. Samuel Morse: From Poverty to Fame
C. Samuel Morse: From Artist to Inventor
D. Samuel Morse: From Europe to America
B
Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the
point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggested that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said, "Our study show for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr. Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.
"We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain 'speak' to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr. Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."
100. What is the finding of the study?
A. One's heart affects how he feels fear.
B. Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.
C. Fear has something to do with one's health.
D. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
101. The study was carried out by analyzing .
A. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans
D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication
102. Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in paragraph 6?
A. order
B. system
C. machine
D. treatment
C
In the near future, we may be using our eyes to operate our smartphones and tablets, even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja.
The Gaze Group has been developing eye controlled computer technology for nearly 20 years. But those devices have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities, and are very expensive.
"After a while, we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass market way," says Gaze's Sune Alstrup Johansen, "where everybody would have this available."
Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company, the Eye Tribe, which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level.
The technology works with the help of the computing device toward the user's face. After making sure of the user's eye movements, the technology is then able to easily find where a person's eyes are moving, and then allow the eyes to control a cursor(光标).
"Our software can then determine the location of the eyes and know where you're looking on the screen to make sure what you're looking at," reads an explanation on the Eye Tribe site.
There has been a gradual change toward hands free technology in recent years, particularly in the gaming world. Recently Xbox released the Kinect device, which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands, legs and voices. But still, most of these devices have been more of a gimmick than a practical way to use one's hands to control a mobile device. Johansen said a replaceable filter(滤光器) would be a cheap, convenient way for most consumers.
And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create such a product for the average user, making the eye controlled technology more accessible and less expensive will have similar benefits for physically disabled users.
For more articles on modern science, please CLICK here.
103. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
A. An introduction of a new device.
B. An introduction of smartphones.
C. An introduction of eye controlling technology.
D. An introduction of a new technology for the disabled.
104. The underlined word "gimmick" probably means .
A. a trick
B. a way
C. a lie
D. a dream
105. According to the passage,we can learn that .
A. the eye controlling technology was first developed for the blind
B. the present developing of the technology will bring no good
C. there is no such a phone as we can use only with our eyes at present
D. the eye controlling technology is only intended for the disabled people
D
Why does time speed up as you age but slow down when you're scared? And why does it warp(弯曲) when you are on holiday?
As Albert Einstein once said, time only exists so that everything doesn't happen at once. But the problem of it passing too slowly or quickly has now been examined by psychologist, Claudia Hammond, who looked at how our emotions, health, and age can affect the speed of the time in our minds.
Ms. Hammond found that time speeds up as you get older and passes faster if you are relaxed rather than scared. Her book, Them Warped, also explains how time passes twice as fast if you are in amusing company, rather than with someone who is boring.
She also studied French explorer, Michael Suffer, who in 1962 spent two months living in an underground cave to discover how isolation from the out, clocks and routines would affect him. He
completely lost track of time while in the cave and his waking days lasted from 6 to 40 hours, but the average length was the same time as the length of a day on earth—24 hour.
Ms. Hammond also studied how fear or hearing somebody crying can slow down time, and said that half of people believe time is moving towards us, while everyone else sees themselves moving through it. "People always believe they will have more free time in the future," she said, adding that there are plenty of practical methods for ensuring that we can try our best to accurately estimate our schedules. But while we may spend much of our lives worrying about time, there is, surprisingly, no single part of the brain for specifically measuring the passing of minutes and hours, Ms. Hammond concluded.
"Human beings tending to process events in three-second intervals(间隔)一such as how long it takes to complete a handshake or scan the headlines of a newspaper page—compare it to the clock time," she said.
106. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Time goes much faster when people are growing up.
B. People's feeling about time passing is affected by their emotions, health and age.
C. Einstein has explained why time passes at different speeds.
D. The speed of time is affected by only three factors.
107. What can we learn from the example of Michael Suffer?
A. People can keep awake for no less than 6 hours.
B. Daylight affects people's waking time more than anything else.
C. Time speeds up when people are in darkness.
D. People's sense of time can be affected by daylight.
108. In paragraph 5 Ms. Hammond found that .
A. negative emotions could slow down time
B. no simple part of the human brain measures time
C. people cannot estimate their schedules accurately
D. most people worry there will be not enough free time in the future
109. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Three second intervals are common in handshakes.
B. People's rhythms of speech are all the same.
C. People tend to measure time in terms of short small actions.
D. Clock times lead to the rhythm of people's handshakes.
八、短文7选5(5选5等)（共5小题；共10分）
Running may be good exercise, but it can be difficult on the body. Here are five commonly shared ideas among fitness experts to reduce the risk of injury for people new to running or Jogging.
Take it easy
110. Most people get running injuries when they push themselves too hard. The body needs time to get used to increases in distance or speed. Muscles and joints need time to recover.
Listen to your body
Most running injuries do not come out of the blue. 111. They may include body aches, sore muscles and pain that does not go away.
Get good running shoes
There is no single best shoe for every runner. You should find the shoe that offers the best fit and support for your feet. More importantly, you should replace your shoes every 500 to 800 kilometers. 112.
Take good notes
Take some time after each run to write down notes about what you did and how you felt.
Look for patterns, things that happen over and over again.
For example, you may find that your knees ache when you run on continuous or back-to-back days. 113. These notes will help you identify the best workout for you.
Cross train
114. So physical fitness experts suggest some form of cross training to improve muscle balance and to help you stay injury free.
They say swimming, cycling, and yoga are good exercises to combine with running. These exercises are easier on the body.
A. Running also may help you live longer.
B. As we said earlier, running is hard on your body.
C. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast.
D. That will protect your feet from running injuries.
E. Adults need 75 minutes of vigorous exercise, like running.
F. Usually, there are warning signs.
G. But perhaps you feel great when you rest in between running days.
九、补全短文（共10小题；共10分）
The word “pub” is the short form for “public house” in Great Britain. It 115. (suppose) to be the Englishmen's favourite meeting place, 116. they can get together with friends over
a pin of beer and talk about football, horse racing 117. business. Pubs are usually open from
11 a.m. to midnight.
You may notice that the pub is the Englishmen's meeting place. It is not quite respectable for 118. woman to go into a pub alone. She must have a man go with 119. . Perhaps that's partly the reason 120. pubs depress me—they are intended 121. (main) to provide for making interests.
Most Englishmen have 122. favourite local, where they can escape 123. the pressures of family life or work, and if they are lucky, they can tell their troubles to a pretty bar-girl. Indeed many men dream of retiring from their 9 to 5 jobs and 124. (buy) a little country pub, where they imagine they will be the host of a seven night a week party.
十、短文改错(不分行)（共10小题；共10分）
文中共有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。

My little cousin is greatly interested on science. And he does some dangerous experiments sometime. Although his parents want to encourage him to be great scientist, at times they worry about his safety. Last week, when my cousin was doing an experiment, he hurts his thumb. My aunt felt sadly and wanted him to stop from doing that experiment. However, my cousin didn't want to give up. She said, “Many scientists got hurt when they were doing experiments, so they didn't give up.” My aunt had to let him finish the experiments and he finally succeeded in finish it.
答案
一、听力(听力)
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. B 10. C
11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A
听力原文
听力原文:
Text 1
M:It's wonderful after the rain. The sky is clear and the air is so fresh.
W:You bet. Let's go for a walk outside on this fine day.
Text 2
M:May I borrow your bicycle for a couple of hours,Ann?
W:I wish I could help you,but John is using it.And he won't be back until this evening.
M:That's OK. Thanks just the same.
Text 3
W:Do you live very far from your office?
M:Well,the distance is about 20 miles. But it doesn't seem that far. The road is good and there's not much traffic.
Text 4
W:I want to see the manager.
M:I'm the manager,madam. Did you buy the radio here?
W:Of course I bought it here. Look,you turn it on,but nothing happens.
Text 5
M:Good evening,madam. Would you please sit here? I'm afraid there're no other seats free at the moment.
W:I'd prefer to sit alone,but I suppose this will do. Have you got a menu,please?
Text 6
M:I'd like to book a room for Wednesday next week.
W:Very good,sir.A room for Wednesday,June 11th.What kind of room would you like,sir?
M:Er...single with bathroom.
W:How long will you be staying?
M:I'll be leaving on Sunday morning.
W:That will be four nights,sir.Thank you very much,and we look forward to seeing you next Wednesday.
Text 7
W:I like that picture you put up on the wall yesterday.
M: Oh,thank you.It's a photograph that I took on my vacation last year.
W:You took it yourself? I didn't know you were a photographer.
M:Oh,yes.I've been taking pictures for years.
W: It sounds interesting.Do you have any more of your pictures here? And may I see them?
M:Yes,certainly.Some of them are faces,just faces of people who I see when I'm walking around. W:Do you let them know that you're taking pictures of them?
M:I try not to.I don't like pictures of people who pose for the camera.I like people who are going about their business without knowing the camera is there.
W:I suppose you need a lot of equipment.How many cameras do you have?
M:Two.
Text 8
M:Our flight has been delayed for two hours.My partners are waiting for me at London Airport.
W:Where do you come from?
M:Beijing. I was at a two-week conference there on space technology.
W:How interesting!I was there with a tour.
M:Really?Which places did you visit?
W:Apart from Beijing,we went to Nanjing,Shanghai,Xi'an,Hangzhou and Guangzhou.
M:Did you enjoy it?
W:Very much.It was one of the most exciting tours I've ever made.Was this your first trip to China? M:Oh,no.I go almost every year.Unfortunately,it's always on space-related business,so I've only seen the inside of conference rooms and factories.I haven't had the chance to visit any tourist sites.
W:Oh,it's a great pity!
Text 9。