机械英语综合教程Lesson 9 CNC and CNC Machine Tools
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Lesson 9 CNC and CNC Machine Tools
Big Mouth
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7.
[au] [ E] [ai]
[ C] [ E] [A] [e]
about society grinder
off adapt manner cell
touch molecule combine
Big Mind
CNC and CNC Machine Tools
What is Commuter Numerical Control, or CNC? Simply put, Computer Numerical Control is the automated control of machine tools by a computer and computer program. In other words, a computer rather than a person will directly control the machine tool. The axial movements of CNC machine tools are guided by a computer, which reads a program and instructs several motors to move in the appropriate manner. The motors in turn cause the table to move and produce the machined part. Before Computer Numerical Control (CNC), the motions of machine tool had to be controlled manually or mechanically (such as with cams or tracer systems). Today, conventional machine tools have been largely replaced by CNC machine tools. The machines still perform essentially the same functions, but movements of the machine tool are controlled electronically rather than by hand. CNC machine tolls can produce the same parts over and over again with very little variation. They can run day and night, week after week, without getting tired. These are obvious advantages over conventional machine tools, with need a great deal of human interaction in order to do anything. CNC machine tools are highly productive. They are also expensive to purchase, set up, and maintain. However, the productivity advantage can easily offset this cost if their use is properly managed. Operations of CNC machine tools are automatic. CNC machine tools are either through entry on a keypad or by downloading machining instructions that were created by computer-aided engineering software.
operate facility actually essential
house recognition position
oppose available interact recognize
counterpart consider identify
obvious advanced advantage conventional
8.
9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
[ C]
[Q] [i] [e] [A] [Eu]
motor
production describe device axial motion
volume
reduction invention sense flavor compose
tolerance
conduct predict extend cam processor
Five in Five
1. What does “Five in Five” refer to? “Five in Five” refers to _________________________________________________________. 2. Who put forward the concept of “Five in Five”? _________________________________________________________. 3. What is this year’s “Five in Five”? It describes some future devices that will extend ________________________________________________________.
6
Five in Five
1. ( ) Touch is the one of most difficult sense that computer will improve. 2. ( ) Smart machine will help new parents recognize their crying baby. 3. ( ) Smart machine will also help doctors identify medical conditions. 4. ( ) New cameras in the near future will name colors and identify images. 5. ( ) According to Mark Maloop, more students are predicted to create future inventions.
orientation
circular precision medical manual movement
14.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้15.
[ F]
[ei]
chef
certain
machine
obtain
brochure
contain
mechanical
maintain
3
Big Ears
Supercomputers
Supercomputers are extremely _________. They are mostly for scientific and _____________work. If you ever decide to build a supercomputer, you can get ______________ from how it was done at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Virginia Tech students, teachers, and others ________together one thousand one hundred personal computers. They used the Macintosh G-five made by Apple Computer. This year, they rebuilt the machine with a new server computer from Apple, the Xserve G-five. This is expected to make the supercomputer ______________. It was already the most powerful computer at any university, and the third most powerful in the world.
CNC Lathe The CNC lathe is a common sight in job shops and production facilities. CNC lathes have some unique advantages over their conventional counterparts. They can cut circular arcs that were all but impossible to cut on a conventional lathe without special tooling. CNC lathes also excel at threading. CNC Mill A CNC mill performs the same types of operations as a conventional mill, but these operations as a CNC mill are executed automatically rather than by hand. CNC Grinder Surface grinders and cylindrical grinders were probably the last frontier for CNC systems. The tight tolerances required in grinding meant they had to wait for the motion control technology to catch up. Today, the positioning systems are capable of the 50 millionths of an inch tolerances that are common in precision grinding. CNC Machining Center A machining center is an advanced, computer-controlled machine tool that is capable of performing a variety of machining operations on different surfaces and different orientation for a workpiece without having to remove it from its workholding device or fixture. CNC machining centers are really the workhorses of job shops and low-volume production. They are agile machines and can be easily adapted to a great deal of workpieces. The Vertical Machining Center (VMC) is probably the most common CNC machine tools found in shops today, and their operators have good visibility.
Big Mouth
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7.
[au] [ E] [ai]
[ C] [ E] [A] [e]
about society grinder
off adapt manner cell
touch molecule combine
Big Mind
CNC and CNC Machine Tools
What is Commuter Numerical Control, or CNC? Simply put, Computer Numerical Control is the automated control of machine tools by a computer and computer program. In other words, a computer rather than a person will directly control the machine tool. The axial movements of CNC machine tools are guided by a computer, which reads a program and instructs several motors to move in the appropriate manner. The motors in turn cause the table to move and produce the machined part. Before Computer Numerical Control (CNC), the motions of machine tool had to be controlled manually or mechanically (such as with cams or tracer systems). Today, conventional machine tools have been largely replaced by CNC machine tools. The machines still perform essentially the same functions, but movements of the machine tool are controlled electronically rather than by hand. CNC machine tolls can produce the same parts over and over again with very little variation. They can run day and night, week after week, without getting tired. These are obvious advantages over conventional machine tools, with need a great deal of human interaction in order to do anything. CNC machine tools are highly productive. They are also expensive to purchase, set up, and maintain. However, the productivity advantage can easily offset this cost if their use is properly managed. Operations of CNC machine tools are automatic. CNC machine tools are either through entry on a keypad or by downloading machining instructions that were created by computer-aided engineering software.
operate facility actually essential
house recognition position
oppose available interact recognize
counterpart consider identify
obvious advanced advantage conventional
8.
9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
[ C]
[Q] [i] [e] [A] [Eu]
motor
production describe device axial motion
volume
reduction invention sense flavor compose
tolerance
conduct predict extend cam processor
Five in Five
1. What does “Five in Five” refer to? “Five in Five” refers to _________________________________________________________. 2. Who put forward the concept of “Five in Five”? _________________________________________________________. 3. What is this year’s “Five in Five”? It describes some future devices that will extend ________________________________________________________.
6
Five in Five
1. ( ) Touch is the one of most difficult sense that computer will improve. 2. ( ) Smart machine will help new parents recognize their crying baby. 3. ( ) Smart machine will also help doctors identify medical conditions. 4. ( ) New cameras in the near future will name colors and identify images. 5. ( ) According to Mark Maloop, more students are predicted to create future inventions.
orientation
circular precision medical manual movement
14.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้15.
[ F]
[ei]
chef
certain
machine
obtain
brochure
contain
mechanical
maintain
3
Big Ears
Supercomputers
Supercomputers are extremely _________. They are mostly for scientific and _____________work. If you ever decide to build a supercomputer, you can get ______________ from how it was done at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Virginia Tech students, teachers, and others ________together one thousand one hundred personal computers. They used the Macintosh G-five made by Apple Computer. This year, they rebuilt the machine with a new server computer from Apple, the Xserve G-five. This is expected to make the supercomputer ______________. It was already the most powerful computer at any university, and the third most powerful in the world.
CNC Lathe The CNC lathe is a common sight in job shops and production facilities. CNC lathes have some unique advantages over their conventional counterparts. They can cut circular arcs that were all but impossible to cut on a conventional lathe without special tooling. CNC lathes also excel at threading. CNC Mill A CNC mill performs the same types of operations as a conventional mill, but these operations as a CNC mill are executed automatically rather than by hand. CNC Grinder Surface grinders and cylindrical grinders were probably the last frontier for CNC systems. The tight tolerances required in grinding meant they had to wait for the motion control technology to catch up. Today, the positioning systems are capable of the 50 millionths of an inch tolerances that are common in precision grinding. CNC Machining Center A machining center is an advanced, computer-controlled machine tool that is capable of performing a variety of machining operations on different surfaces and different orientation for a workpiece without having to remove it from its workholding device or fixture. CNC machining centers are really the workhorses of job shops and low-volume production. They are agile machines and can be easily adapted to a great deal of workpieces. The Vertical Machining Center (VMC) is probably the most common CNC machine tools found in shops today, and their operators have good visibility.