花键中英文参数

渐开线花键involute spline
未注公差undeclared tolerance
未注倒角undeclared chamfer
调质thermal refining
端口port chamfer
模数modulus
齿形角tooth profile angle
变位系数stand-off error
齿圈径向跳动geared ring radial runout
公法线长度及偏差common normal
跨齿数spanned tooth count
高频淬火high-frequency quenching
配对齿轮mating gear
螺旋角spiral angle
压力角pressure angle
螺旋升角lead angle
图号figure number
齿厚tooth thickness
螺旋线helix
蜗杆worm
齿轮gear
齿轴gear shaft
转子轴rotor shaft
精度等级precision class
汽车构造词汇
汽车automobile
拖拉机tractor
铁路机车locomotive
有轨电车tram
无轨电车trolley
军用车辆military vehicle
蒸汽机steam engine
煤气机gas engine
汽油机gasoline engine
国民经济national economy
国内生产总值(GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD) Completely Knock Down
半拆散(SKD) Semi-Knock Down
改革开放reform and opening
技术引进technical import
国产化localization
支柱产业pillar estate
轿车car
客车bus, coach
货车truck, lorry
公路用车road vehicle
非公路用车off-road vehicle
发动机engine
机体engine body
曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构valve timing mechanism
供给系fuel supply system
冷却系cooling system
润滑系lubricating system
点火系ignition system
起动系starting system
底盘chassis
传动系power train
离合器clutch
变速器gear box
传动轴propeller shaft
驱动桥drive axle
行驶系running gear
车架frame
悬架suspension
前轴front axle
桥壳axle housing
车轮wheel
转向系steering system
转向盘steering wheel
转向器steering gear
转向传动装置steering linkage
助力装置power assisting device
制动系braking system
控制装置control device
供能装置power supply device
传动装置transfer device
制动器brake
车身body
车前板制件front end panels
车身壳体body shell
车门door
车窗window
附属装置auxiliary device
货箱carrying platform
发动机前置后轮驱动(FR) front engine rear drive 发动机前置前轮驱动(FF) front engine front drive 发动机后置后轮驱动(RR) rear engine rear drive
发动机中置后轮驱动(MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动(nWD) all wheel drive
驱动力tractive force
阻力resistance
滚动阻力rolling resistance
空气阻力air resistance, drag
上坡阻力gradient resistance
附着作用adhesion
附着力adhesive force
附着系数coefficient of adhesion
第一章发动机工作原理
二冲程发动机two stroke engine
四冲程发动机four stroke engine
水冷发动机water cooled engine
风冷发动机air cooled engine
上止点(UDP) upper dead point
下止点(LDP) lower dead point
活塞行程stroke
汽缸直径bore
工作容积working volume
排量swept volume, displacement
进气行程intake stroke
压缩行程compression stroke
压缩比compression ratio
做功行程working stroke
爆燃，敲缸detonation, knock
排气行程exhaust stroke
示功图indicating diagram
汽缸体cylinder block
汽缸盖cylinder head
油底壳oil sump
活塞piston
连杆connecting rod
曲轴crankshaft
飞轮flywheel
进气门intake valve
排气门exhaust valve
挺柱tappet
推杆push rod
摇臂rocker
凸轮轴camshaft
正时齿轮timing gear
燃油箱fuel tank
燃油泵fuel pump
汽油滤清器gasoline filter
化油器carburetor
空气滤清器air cleaner
进气管intake manifold
排气管exhaust manifold
火花塞spark plug
点火线圈ignition coil
断电器breaker
蓄电池storage battery
发电机generator
水泵water pump
散热器radiator
风扇fan
放水阀drain valve
水套water jacket
分水管distributive pipe
机油泵oil pump
集滤器suction filter
限压阀relief valve
润滑油道oil passage
机油滤清器oil filter
机油冷却器oil cooler
起动机starting motor
有效功率effective power
有效转矩effective torque
燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption
发动机转速特性engine speed characteristic 节气门开度throttle percentage
部分特性partial characteristic
外特性outer characteristic
第二章曲柄连杆机构
汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner
发动机支承engine mounting
活塞顶piston top
活塞头部piston head
活塞裙piston skirt
开槽slot
活塞环piston ring
气环compression ring
油环oil ring
环槽groove
活塞销piston pin
主轴承main bearing
主轴承盖main bearing cap
主轴瓦main shell
连杆轴承big end bearing
连杆盖big end cap
起动爪cranking claw
带轮pulley
平衡重counter weight
发火顺序firing order
扭振减振器torsional vibration damper
第三章配气机构
顶置气门(OHV) Over Head Valve
顶置凸轮轴(OHC) Over Head Camshaft
单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机multi-valve engine
气门间隙valve clearance
配气相位timing phase
气门杆valve stem
气门座valve seat
气门导管valve guide
气门弹簧valve spring
第四章汽油机供给系
可燃混合气combustion mixture
消声器silencer, muffler
汽油gasoline, petrol
分馏distil
蒸发性evaporating property
热值heat value
抗爆性anti-knock property
辛烷值(RON) Research Octane Number
过量空气系数coefficient of excessive air
理论混合气theoretical mixture
稀混合气thin mixture
浓混合气thick mixture
主供油系统main supply system
怠速系统idle system
加浓系统thickening system
加速系统accelerating system
浮子float
浮子室float chamber
针阀needle valve
量孔metering jet
阻风门choke
滤芯filter cartridge
沉淀杯sediment cup
泵膜pump diaphragm
油浴式oil bath type
石棉垫a**estos pad
预热pre-heating
汽油直接喷射gasoline direct injection
电控electronic control
多点喷射muti-point injection
单点喷射single point injection
电路控制circuit control
分电器信号distributor signal
空气流量信号airflow signal
冷却水温信号water temperature signal
第五章柴油机供给系
输油泵transfer pump
喷油泵fuel injection pump
高压油管high pressure fuel pipe
发火性ignition property
黏度viscosity
凝点condensing point
备燃期pri-combustion period
速燃期rapid combustion period
缓燃期slow combustion period
燃烧室combustion chamber
统一燃烧室united chamber
球形燃烧室ball shape chamber
涡流室turbulence chamber
预燃室pri-combustion chamber
喷油器injector
精密偶件precise couple
柱塞plunger
出油阀delivery valve
调速器governor
两速调速器two speed governor
全速调速器full speed governor
定速调速器fixed speed governor
综合调速器combined governor
气动调速器pneumatic governor
机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器complex governor
喷油提前角调节装置advancer
飞块flyweight
联轴节coupling
粗滤清器primary filter
细滤清器secondary filter
涡轮增压器turbocharger
中间冷却器intermediate cooler
第七章冷却系
节温器thermostat
防冻液anti-freezing liquid
补偿水桶compensation reservoir
V-带V belt
百叶窗shutter
大循环big circulation
小循环small circulation
散热翅片fins
第八章润滑系
润滑剂lubricant
压力润滑pressure lubrication
飞溅润滑splash lubrication
润滑脂grease
机油压力传感器oil pressure sensor
油封oil seal
旁通阀bypass valve
机油散热器oil cooler
机油尺dip stick
加机油口oil filler
曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation
第九章点火系
一次绕组primary winding
二次绕组secondary winding
热敏电阻heat sensitive resistance
点火提前ignition advance
分电器distributor
活动触点moving contact
固定触点fixed contact
分火头distributor rotor arm
电容器condenser
点火提前装置ignition advancer
离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignition advancer
辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier
中心电极central electrode
侧电极side electrode
瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator
跳火间隙spark gap
半导体点火系semi-conductor ignition system
晶体管transistor
二极管diode
三极管triode
无触点点火系non-contact ignition system
霍尔效应Hall effect
正极板anode
负极板cathode
隔板separator
电解液electrolyte
蓄电池格battery cell
接线柱terminal
电缆cable
硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor
转子rotor
定子stator
电刷brush
风扇叶轮fan blade
电压调节器voltage regulator
第十章起动系
手摇起动cranking
电热塞electric heater plug
串激直流发电机serial wound D.C. motor
起动齿圈starter ring
电磁操纵机构electro-magnetic control
第十一章新型发动机
三角活塞triangular piston
转子发动机rotary engine
自转rotary motion, rotation
公转orbit motion
轨迹trajectory
齿轮gear
齿圈ring gear
往复零件reciprocal parts
动平衡dynamic balance
燃气涡轮发动机gas turbine
第十二章汽车传动系
机械式传动系mechanical transmission
液力机械式传动系hydro-mechanical transmission 静液式传动系static-hydraulic transmission
电力式传动系electrical transmission
自动式传动系automatic transmission
减速reduction
可变速比variable ratios
有级变速definite ratios
无级变速indefinite ratios
无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission
一般布置general layout
发动机横置lateral engine positioning
分动器transfer case, transfer box
第十三章离合器
接合柔和smooth engagement
分离彻底thorough separation
过载overload
摩擦表面friction surface
摩擦衬片friction liner
毂hub
主动部分driving part
从动部分driven part
花键spline
压盘pressure plate
离合器盖cover plate
分离杠杆release lever
分离套筒release sleeve
分离轴承release bearing
主缸master cylinder
工作缸working cylinder
分离* release fork
间隙调整clearance adjustment
打滑slip
踏板pedal
踏板自由行程pedal free stroke
踏板工作行程pedal working stroke
铆钉，铆接rivet
双片离合器dual disc clutch
中央弹簧离合器central spring clutch
膜片弹簧离合器diaphragm spring clutch 非线性non-linear
第十四章变速器与分动器
输入轴（第一轴）input shaft, drive shaft 输出轴（第二轴）output shaft, main shaft 中间轴counter shaft
倒挡轴reverse gear shaft
常啮合constant mesh
低速挡low gear
高速挡high gear
最高速挡top gear
空挡neutral gear
一挡the first gear
二挡the second gear
三挡the third gear
倒挡reverse gear
直接挡direct gear
超速挡overdrive
动力输出power take-off
换挡shift
啮合套sliding sleeve
同步器synchronizer
同步锥面synchro cone
变速杆shifting lever
手柄handle
球铰链ball joint
换挡拨* shifting fork
自锁self-lock
互锁inter-lock
变速驱动桥transaxle
加力挡low gear
第十五章液力机械传动
液力偶合器hydraulic coupling
泵轮impeller
涡轮turbine
叶片blade
液力变矩器torque converter
导轮stator
行星齿轮系planetary gear system
太阳轮sun gear
行星轮planet pinion
行星架planet carrier
齿圈ring gear
第十六章传动轴
万向节universal joint, U-joint
十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint
*子yoke, fork
十字轴spider, center cross
滚针轴承needle bearing
滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting, nipple 等角速constant angular velocity
双联式万向节dual Cardan type U-joint 球*式万向节Weiss type U-joint
球笼式万向节Rzeppa type U-joint
星形套inner race housing
球形壳outer race shell
保持架，球笼retainer, ball cage
挠性万向节flexible U-joint
无缝钢管seamless steel tube
第十七章驱动桥
主减速器final drive
主动（小）齿轮drive pinion
从动（大）齿轮ring gear
伞齿轮bevel gear
双曲面齿轮hypoid gear
单级减速single reduction
双级减速double reduction
贯通式主减速器penetrable final drive
双速主减速器double gear (speed) final drive 轮边减速器wheel reduction
差速器differential
半轴齿轮differential side gear
差速锁differential lock
轴间差速器inter-axle differential lock
托森差速器torque sensitive differential
半轴axle shaft
全浮式半轴float type axle shaft
半浮式半轴semi-float type axle shaft
桥壳axle housing
桥壳后盖final drive rear cover
第十八章行驶系
行驶系running gear
车架frame
车桥，车轴axle
悬架suspension
半履带式汽车semi-caterpillar vehicle
第十九章车架
边梁式车架ladder type frame
纵梁side rail
横梁cross member
保险杠bumper
托架bracket
支承support
拖钩tow hook
中梁式车架backbone type frame
桁架式车架lattice type frame
第二十章车桥和车轮
转向桥steering axle
桥梁axle beam
工字形断面I-section
转向节knuckle
主销king pin
轮毂wheel hub
转向轮定位steering wheel alignment
主销后倾caster
主销内倾king pin inclination
前轮外倾camber
前轮前束toe-in
转向驱动桥steering and driving axle
支持桥support axle
轮辋rim
轮辐spoke
车轮装饰罩hub cap
轮胎tyre, tire
胎冠crown, tread
花纹pattern
胎侧side wall
帘布层cord, ply
尼龙，锦纶nylon
带束层belted layer
内胎tube
垫带protector
胎圈bead
气门嘴bleed valve
气门芯valve core
子午线轮胎radial tire
无内胎轮胎tubeless tire
刺穿puncture
备胎spare tire
第二十一章悬架
弹性元件spring, elastic element
减振器sock absorber
导向机构control device
横向稳定器（杆）stabilizer, anti-roll bar
悬架刚度suspension stiffness
簧载质量sprung mass
非簧载质量unsprung mass
静挠度static deformation
独立悬架independent suspension
车轮上跳（减振器压缩行程）jounce
车轮回跳（减振器伸张行程）rebound
双向作用减振器double action shock absorber 单向作用减振器single action shock absorber 筒式减振器telescopic shock absorber
吊环link ring
工作缸working cylinder
贮油缸reservoir
流通阀（进液阀）intake valve
伸张阀rebound valve
压缩阀compression valve
补偿阀compensation valve
充气减振器gas filled shock absorber
压力可调减振器pressure adjustable shock absorber 钢板弹簧leaf spring
中心螺栓central bolt
弹簧夹clip
螺旋弹簧coil spring
扭杆弹簧torsional bar
囊式空气弹簧bellow type air spring
膜式空气弹簧diaphragm type air spring
橡胶弹簧rubber spring
卷耳spring eye
吊耳shackle
U形螺栓U-bolt
弹簧盖板spring plate
副簧auxiliary spring
主簧main spring
横臂式悬架transversal type suspension
双横臂式悬架double wishbone suspension
转向轴线steering axis
纵摆臂式trailing arm type
滑柱式strut type
麦弗逊式McPhaeson type
平衡悬架tandem axle suspension
第二十二章转向系
机械（手动）转向系manual steering system
转向盘steering wheel
转向轴steering shaft
转向柱steering column
转向传动轴steering drive shaft
转向器steering gear
直拉杆drag link
转向节knuckle
转向节臂knuckle arm
梯形臂steering arm
横拉杆tie rod
转向轮偏转角关系steering geometry
转弯半径turning radius
循环球式转向器recirculating ball steering gear
转向螺杆steering screw
转向螺母steering nut
齿扇sector
齿轮齿条式转向器rack and pinion steering gear
蜗杆曲柄指销式转向器worm and crankpin steering gear 动力转向power steering
转向油罐steering reservoir
转向油泵steering oil pump
第二十三章制动系
鼓式制动器drum brake
制动蹄brake shoe
轮缸wheel cylinder
制动底板brake base plate
调整凸轮adjustable cam
制动蹄回位弹簧retainer spring
领蹄leading shoe
从蹄trailing shoe
盘式制动器disc brake
制动钳brake calipers
制动盘brake disc
液压制动系fluid braking system
制动液brake fluid
制动主缸master cylinder
气压制动系pneumatic braking system
空气压缩机air compressor
制动气室brake chamber
贮气筒reservoir
制动阀brake valve
气压调节阀air pressure governor
伺服制动系servo braking system
真空助力器vacuum booster
防抱死制动系(ABS) Anti-lock Braking System
辅助制动器auxiliary brake
缓速器retarder
排气制动exhaust braking
第二十四章车身
车身壳体body shell
非承载式车身separate frame construction
承载式车身unitary construction, integral body
发动机舱engine compartment
客厢，乘客室passenger compartment
行李箱trunk
发动机罩hood, bonnet
前翼板front fender, front wing
前挡泥板front fender apron
前围板dash board, fire wall
前风窗windscreen, windshield 前围cowl, shroud
顶盖roof
地板floor panel
行李箱盖trunk lid, deck lid
后围板rear end panel
前柱front pillar, “A” pillar
中柱center pillar, “B” pillar
后柱rear pillar, “C” pillar
上边梁roof rail
门槛rocker panel
仪表板instrument panel
遮阳板sun visor
刮水器wiper
后视镜rear view mirror
门锁door lock
玻璃升降器window regulator
密封条weather strip
暖气装置heater
空调装置air conditioner
座椅seat
头枕head restraint
安全带safety seat belt
钢化玻璃toughened glass
夹层玻璃laminated glass
货箱carrying platform
边板side board
后板tail board
前板head board
地板，底板floor board
栓杆tightening latch
第二十五章附属设备
车速表speedometer
里程表mileage recorder
机油压力表oil pressure gauge 燃油表fuel gauge
水温表water temperature gauge 电流表ammeter
前大灯head lamp
转向指示灯turning indicator
制动信号灯braking signal light 报警信号装置warning signal
附表一般工程词汇
长度length
宽度width
高度height
深度depth
距离distance
间隙clearance
位移displacement
面积area
体积volume
重量weight
质量mass
比重specific gravity
密度density
时间time
周期period
加速度velocity, speed
重力加速度acceleration of gravity 力force
合力resultant
分力component
力矩moment
转矩torque, twisting moment
弯矩bending moment
压强pressure
大气压atmospheric pressure
声压级(SPL) Sound Pressure Level 应力stress
应变strain
变形deformation
拉伸stretching
压缩compressing
弯曲bending
扭转twisting
强度strength
刚度stiffness
硬度hardness
黏度viscosity
运动黏度kinematic viscosity
能量energy
动能kinetic energy
位能potential energy
功work
功率power
温度temperature
热heat
热容量thermal capacity
比热specific heat
热功当量Joule’s equivalent
传热系数coefficient of heat transfer 加热heating
冷却cooling
膨胀expansion
固体solid
液体liquid
气体gas
蒸发evaporation
溶解dissolve
融化melt
凝结condensation
凝固solidification
电路electric circuit
串联serial connection
并联parallel connection
电荷electric charge
电压voltage
电位potential
电流current
直流(D.C.) Direct Current
交流(A.C.) Alternative Current
电阻resistance
电容量capacity
电容器condenser
电感inductance
电极electrode
正极anode
负极cathode
电离ionization
电解electrolysis
电镀electroplating
电泳electrophoresis
磁场强度magnetic field intensity
磁通量magnetic flux
光通量luminous flux
光照度photometric quantity
发光强度luminous intensity
工程图technical drawing
图板drawing board
图纸drawing paper
描图纸tracing paper
投影projection
前视图front end view
侧视图side view
左视图left end view
右视图right end view
俯视图plan view
剖面section
剖视section view
实线full line
虚线broken line, dotted line 点划线chain line
尺寸线dimension line
方形square
长方形rectangle
三角形triangle
圆形circle
内接圆inscribed circle
外切圆circumscribed circle 直尺ruler
三棱尺triangular scale
三角板set square
丁字尺tee square, T square 圆规compasses
分规divider
曲线板curve
鸭嘴笔drawing pen
锤子hammer
斧子ax, axe
螺丝刀screw driver
扳手wrench, spanner
活动扳手adjustable wrench 扳手套筒socket
钳子pliers
火钳子tongs
虎钳vice
刀子knife
刮刀scraper
剪子scissors
镊子tweezers
夹子clip
夹紧器clamp
锉刀file
凿子，錾子chisel
冲子punch
锥子awl
锯子saw
刨子plane
钻drill
砧铁anvil
直角尺square
内卡规inside calipers
外卡规outside calipers
游标卡尺vernier calipers
千分卡尺micrometer guage
高度尺height gauge
千分表dial indicator
水平（泡）尺water level
画针盘marking gauge
螺纹threads
螺栓bolt
双头螺柱stud
螺钉screw
十字槽螺钉cross recessed screw 螺母nut
开槽螺母castle nut
蝶形螺母fly nut, wing nut
垫圈washer
弹簧垫圈lock washer
开口销split pin, cotter pin
键key
花键spline
直齿齿轮spur gear
斜齿齿轮helical gear
伞齿轮bevel gear
球轴承ball bearing
滚子轴承roller bearing
滚针轴承needle roller bearing 轴承外圈outer race
轴承内圈inner race
隔离罩，保持架cage, retainer 铸造，铸件casting
锻造，锻件forging
轧制，轧制件rolling
冲压，冲压件stamping
焊接，焊缝welding
电弧焊arc welding
气焊oxyacetylene welding
点焊spot welding
铆接，铆钉rivet
机械加工machine work
切削cutting
车削turning
刨削planing
铣削milling
钻削drilling
绞孔fraising
磨削grinding
镗削boring
拉削broaching
抛光polishing
热处理heat treatment
淬火hardening, quenching
退火annealing
回火tempering
正火normalizing
车床lathe
龙门刨床planer
牛头刨床shaper
插床vertical shaper
铣床milling machine
钻床drilling machine
磨床grinder, grinding machine 外圆磨床external grinder
内圆磨床internal grinder
平面磨床surface grinder
镗床boring machine
拉床broacher
床头箱head stock (gear box) 卡盘，夹盘chuck
尾座tail stock
走刀箱tool carrier
模具die, mold
气锤pneumatic hammer
压床press
刀具cutter
车刀，刨刀bite
铣刀，绞刀fraise
钻头bite
磨轮，砂轮grinding wheel
夹具fixture, jig
汽车automobile
拖拉机tractor
铁路机车locomotive
有轨电车tram
无轨电车trolley
军用车辆military vehicle
蒸汽机steam engine
煤气机gas engine
汽油机gasoline engine
国民经济national economy
国内生产总值(GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD) Completely Knock Down
半拆散(SKD) Semi-Knock Down
改革开放reform and opening
技术引进technical import
国产化localization
支柱产业pillar estate
轿车car
客车bus, coach
货车truck, lorry
公路用车road vehicle
非公路用车off-road vehicle
发动机engine
机体engine body
曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构valve timing mechanism
供给系fuel supply system
冷却系cooling system
润滑系lubricating system
点火系ignition system
起动系starting system
底盘chassis
传动系power train
离合器clutch
变速器gear box
传动轴propeller shaft
驱动桥drive axle
行驶系running gear
车架frame
悬架suspension
前轴front axle
桥壳axle housing
车轮wheel
转向系steering system
转向盘steering wheel
转向器steering gear
转向传动装置steering linkage
助力装置power assisting device
制动系braking system
控制装置control device
供能装置power supply device
传动装置transfer device
制动器brake
车身body
车前板制件front end panels
车身壳体body shell
车门door
车窗window
附属装置auxiliary device
货箱carrying platform
发动机前置后轮驱动(FR) front engine rear drive
发动机前置前轮驱动(FF) front engine front drive
发动机后置后轮驱动(RR) rear engine rear drive
发动机中置后轮驱动(MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动(nWD) all wheel drive
驱动力tractive force
阻力resistance
滚动阻力rolling resistance
空气阻力air resistance, drag
上坡阻力gradient resistance
附着作用adhesion
附着力adhesive force
附着系数coefficient of adhesion
第一章发动机工作原理
二冲程发动机two stroke engine
四冲程发动机four stroke engine
水冷发动机water cooled engine
风冷发动机air cooled engine
上止点(UDP) upper dead point
下止点(LDP) lower dead point
活塞行程stroke
汽缸直径bore
工作容积working volume
排量swept volume, displacement
进气行程intake stroke
压缩行程compression stroke
压缩比compression ratio
做功行程working stroke
爆燃，敲缸detonation, knock
排气行程exhaust stroke
示功图indicating diagram
汽缸体cylinder block
汽缸盖cylinder head
油底壳oil sump
活塞piston
连杆connecting rod
曲轴crankshaft
飞轮flywheel
进气门intake valve
排气门exhaust valve
挺柱tappet
推杆push rod
摇臂rocker
凸轮轴camshaft
正时齿轮timing gear
燃油箱fuel tank
燃油泵fuel pump
汽油滤清器gasoline filter
化油器carburetor
空气滤清器air cleaner
进气管intake manifold
排气管exhaust manifold
火花塞spark plug
点火线圈ignition coil
断电器breaker
蓄电池storage battery
发电机generator
水泵water pump
散热器radiator
风扇fan
放水阀drain valve
水套water jacket
分水管distributive pipe
机油泵oil pump
集滤器suction filter
限压阀relief valve
润滑油道oil passage
机油滤清器oil filter
机油冷却器oil cooler
起动机starting motor
有效功率effective power
有效转矩effective torque
燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption
发动机转速特性engine speed characteristic
节气门开度throttle percentage
部分特性partial characteristic
外特性outer characteristic
第二章曲柄连杆机构
汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner
发动机支承engine mounting
活塞顶piston top
活塞头部piston head
活塞裙piston skirt
开槽slot
活塞环piston ring
气环compression ring
油环oil ring
环槽groove
活塞销piston pin
主轴承main bearing
主轴承盖main bearing cap
主轴瓦main shell
连杆轴承big end bearing
连杆盖big end cap
起动爪cranking claw
带轮pulley
平衡重counter weight
发火顺序firing order
扭振减振器torsional vibration damper
第三章配气机构
顶置气门(OHV) Over Head Valve
顶置凸轮轴(OHC) Over Head Camshaft
单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机multi-valve engine
气门间隙valve clearance
配气相位timing phase
气门杆valve stem
气门座valve seat
气门导管valve guide
气门弹簧valve spring
第四章汽油机供给系
可燃混合气combustion mixture
消声器silencer, muffler
汽油gasoline, petrol
分馏distil
蒸发性evaporating property
热值heat value
抗爆性anti-knock property
辛烷值(RON) Research Octane Number 过量空气系数coefficient of excessive air 理论混合气theoretical mixture
稀混合气thin mixture
浓混合气thick mixture
主供油系统main supply system
怠速系统idle system
加浓系统thickening system
加速系统accelerating system
浮子float
浮子室float chamber
针阀needle valve
量孔metering jet
阻风门choke
滤芯filter cartridge
沉淀杯sediment cup
泵膜pump diaphragm
油浴式oil bath type
石棉垫a**estos pad
预热pre-heating
汽油直接喷射gasoline direct injection 电控electronic control
多点喷射muti-point injection
单点喷射single point injection
电路控制circuit control
分电器信号distributor signal
空气流量信号airflow signal
冷却水温信号water temperature signal 第五章柴油机供给系
输油泵transfer pump
喷油泵fuel injection pump
高压油管high pressure fuel pipe
发火性ignition property
黏度viscosity
凝点condensing point
备燃期pri-combustion period
速燃期rapid combustion period
缓燃期slow combustion period
燃烧室combustion chamber
统一燃烧室united chamber
球形燃烧室ball shape chamber
涡流室turbulence chamber
预燃室pri-combustion chamber
喷油器injector
精密偶件precise couple
柱塞plunger
出油阀delivery valve
调速器governor
两速调速器two speed governor
全速调速器full speed governor
定速调速器fixed speed governor
综合调速器combined governor
气动调速器pneumatic governor
机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器complex governor
喷油提前角调节装置advancer
飞块flyweight
联轴节coupling
粗滤清器primary filter
细滤清器secondary filter
涡轮增压器turbocharger
中间冷却器intermediate cooler
第七章冷却系
节温器thermostat
防冻液anti-freezing liquid
补偿水桶compensation reservoir
V-带V belt
百叶窗shutter
大循环big circulation
小循环small circulation
散热翅片fins
第八章润滑系
润滑剂lubricant
压力润滑pressure lubrication
飞溅润滑splash lubrication
润滑脂grease
机油压力传感器oil pressure sensor
油封oil seal
旁通阀bypass valve
机油散热器oil cooler
机油尺dip stick
加机油口oil filler
曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation
第九章点火系
一次绕组primary winding
二次绕组secondary winding
热敏电阻heat sensitive resistance
点火提前ignition advance
分电器distributor
活动触点moving contact
固定触点fixed contact
分火头distributor rotor arm
电容器condenser
点火提前装置ignition advancer
离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignition advancer
辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier
中心电极central electrode
侧电极side electrode
瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator
跳火间隙spark gap
半导体点火系semi-conductor ignition system
晶体管transistor
二极管diode
三极管triode
无触点点火系non-contact ignition system
霍尔效应Hall effect
正极板anode
负极板cathode
隔板separator
电解液electrolyte
蓄电池格battery cell
接线柱terminal
电缆cable
硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor
转子rotor
定子stator
电刷brush
风扇叶轮fan blade
电压调节器voltage regulator
第十章起动系
手摇起动cranking
电热塞electric heater plug
串激直流发电机serial wound D.C. motor
起动齿圈starter ring
电磁操纵机构electro-magnetic control
第十一章新型发动机
三角活塞triangular piston
转子发动机rotary engine
自转rotary motion, rotation
公转orbit motion
轨迹trajectory
齿轮gear
齿圈ring gear
往复零件reciprocal parts
动平衡dynamic balance
燃气涡轮发动机gas turbine
第十二章汽车传动系
机械式传动系mechanical transmission
液力机械式传动系hydro-mechanical transmission 静液式传动系static-hydraulic transmission
电力式传动系electrical transmission
自动式传动系automatic transmission
减速reduction
可变速比variable ratios
有级变速definite ratios
无级变速indefinite ratios
无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置general layout
发动机横置lateral engine positioning
分动器transfer case, transfer box
第十三章离合器
接合柔和smooth engagement
分离彻底thorough separation
过载overload
摩擦表面friction surface
摩擦衬片friction liner
毂hub
主动部分driving part
从动部分driven part
花键spline
压盘pressure plate
离合器盖cover plate
分离杠杆release lever
分离套筒release sleeve
分离轴承release bearing
主缸master cylinder
工作缸working cylinder
分离叉release fork
间隙调整clearance adjustment
打滑slip
踏板pedal
踏板自由行程pedal free stroke
踏板工作行程pedal working stroke
铆钉，铆接rivet
双片离合器dual disc clutch
中央弹簧离合器central spring clutch
膜片弹簧离合器diaphragm spring clutch 非线性non-linear
第十四章变速器与分动器
输入轴（第一轴）input shaft, drive shaft 输出轴（第二轴）output shaft, main shaft 中间轴counter shaft
倒挡轴reverse gear shaft
常啮合constant mesh
低速挡low gear
高速挡high gear
最高速挡top gear
空挡neutral gear
一挡the first gear
二挡the second gear
三挡the third gear
倒挡reverse gear
直接挡direct gear
超速挡overdrive
动力输出power take-off
换挡shift
啮合套sliding sleeve
同步器synchronizer
同步锥面synchro cone
变速杆shifting lever
手柄handle
球铰链ball joint
换挡拨叉shifting fork
自锁self-lock
互锁inter-lock
变速驱动桥transaxle
加力挡low gear
第十五章液力机械传动
液力偶合器hydraulic coupling
泵轮impeller
涡轮turbine
叶片blade
液力变矩器torque converter
导轮stator
行星齿轮系planetary gear system
太阳轮sun gear
行星轮planet pinion
行星架planet carrier
齿圈ring gear
第十六章传动轴
万向节universal joint, U-joint
十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint
叉子yoke, fork
十字轴spider, center cross
滚针轴承needle bearing
滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting, nipple
等角速constant angular velocity
双联式万向节dual Cardan type U-joint
球叉式万向节Weiss type U-joint
球笼式万向节Rzeppa type U-joint
星形套inner race housing
球形壳outer race shell
保持架，球笼retainer, ball cage
挠性万向节flexible U-joint
无缝钢管seamless steel tube
第十七章驱动桥
主减速器final drive
主动（小）齿轮drive pinion
从动（大）齿轮ring gear
伞齿轮bevel gear
双曲面齿轮hypoid gear
单级减速single reduction
双级减速double reduction
贯通式主减速器penetrable final drive
双速主减速器double gear (speed) final drive 轮边减速器wheel reduction
差速器differential
半轴齿轮differential side gear
差速锁differential lock
轴间差速器inter-axle differential lock
托森差速器torque sensitive differential。