2020高考英语新创新一轮复习选修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection学案含解析北师大版

Unit 22 Environmental Protection
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．ecology n．生态
2．botanical adj. 植物的3．consultant n. _顾问
4．corrupt adj. 贪污受贿的，腐败的5．conservation n. 保护6．consensus n. 一致的意见7．drought n. 旱灾
8．hurricane n. 飓风
9．species n. (动植物的)物种10．habitat n. 栖息地
11．enforce vt. 实施，执行12．scale n. 规模，范围13．thunderstorm n. 雷暴，雷雨14．rainfall n. 降雨量15．irrigation n. 灌溉16．evolution n. (生物)进化17．mountainous adj. 多山的
18．valid adj. 有充分理由的19．fragile adj. 易毁的；脆弱的20．negative adj. 消极的，负面的Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．endanger vt. 危害
2．trap vt. 使困住
3．principle n. 原则，道德准则4．beyond prep. 超出
5．relevant adj. 有关的
6．coincidence n. 巧合
7．condemn vt. 迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地8．sacrifice vt. & vi. 牺牲；献出9．advocate vt. 主张，提倡
10．recycle vt. 回收利用11．substitute n. 代替品，代用品12．seize vt. 依法没收；(用武力)夺取13．behalf n. 代表
14．means n. 方法
15．flee vt.&vi. 逃走
16．potential n. 可能性，潜在性17．claim vt. 声称
18．threaten vt. 威胁
19．arm vt. 武装
20．finance n. 资金
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n．灭绝，绝种
2．fashionable adj.流行的，时髦的→fashion n．流行，时尚
3．separation n．分离，分开→separate adj.分开的v.分离，分开
4．construct vt.建造→construction n．建造
[语境活用]
1．The old man considers his daughter­in­law considerate because she always takes everything into consideration when she deals with family affairs.(consider)
2．After a long separation,_ they both lived a separate life and in the end they separated peacefully.(separate)
seen environmental
disasters on a grand scale,
and experts are predicting
far worse to come.
近几年一些环境灾难大规模
地出现，专家们预测更坏的局
面即将来临。

多重大的历史事件。

The_two_stone_lions_standing
_in_front_of_Tian'anmen_saw/
witnessed many great historic
events.
二、课堂重点深化
1．reserve vt.储备；保存；保留；预订，预约n.保护区；储备
[自主体验]
写出下列句中reserve的词性及含义
①I reserve my favorable comments for my former monitor.vt.保留
②I can not get the book I want but can I reserve it？vt.预订
③It is advisable to keep some food in reserve in case of emergency.n.储备
④Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya.n.保护区
单句语法填空
⑤—Have you reserved a room for your friends traveling in your city ahead of time, Mary?
—Oh, I forgot to tell you I have made a reservation for them.They will have a reserved room whenever they get there.(reserve)
完成句子
⑥We always keep some money_in_reserve,_just in case.
我们总是存些钱，以防万一。

⑦They supported the measures without_reserve/reservation.
他们毫无保留地支持这些措施。

一句多译
你必须提前订票吗？
⑧Do you have to reserve_tickets in advance? (reserve)
⑨Do you have to make_a_reservation_of_tickets in advance? (reservation)
[系统归纳]
(1)reserve sth.for sb./sth. 为某人/某物保留、预订某物
(2)in reserve 贮存；备用
(3)reservation n. 保留；预订(房间、座位等)
make a reservation 预订(座位、房间等)
without reserve/reservation 毫无保留地
(4)reserved adj. 预订的，保留的
be reserved for 留作，(专)供……之用
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(reserve/preserve)
⑩Moran hopes to make the music more accessible and preserve its history and culture.
⑪We were told that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week.
佳句时时写
⑫(2018·北京高考书面表达)我突然意识到传统文化如茶文化具有巨大的魅力和价值。

我们应该保留并且向全世界的人们传播我们的文化。

It_suddenly_hit_me_that_traditional_culture_like_tea_culture_was_of_great_c harm_and_huge_value.And_we_should_reserve_and_spread_our_own_culture_to_people_ all_over_the_world.
[名师指津] preserve与reserve词形相似，但二者意思不同，preserve意为“保护，保存；维护”；reserve意为“保留；预订”。

2．seize vt.抓住；捉住；(用武力)夺取；依法没收
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①She jumped up and seized him by the arm.
②Our teacher forbade us to seize on/upon our dictionaries during the test.
完成句子
③We should seize_the__chance/opportunity_to_work_hard to achieve our goals.
我们应抓住机会努力实现我们的目标。

④Tom_seized_the_letter_from_her and began to read out loud.
汤姆从她手上把信抢过去，开始大声朗读。

[系统归纳]
seize sth. from sb. 从某人那里夺过某物
seize sb. by the ... 抓住某人的……
seize on/upon 抓住，利用
seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会
易错处处防
⑤Before he could run away, she seized him by his collar.his→the
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·广东高考书面表达)我们可以利用唾液样本来检测人们是否患有主要的疾病。

We_can_seize_on/upon_saliva_sample_to_detect_whether_people_have_major_illn esses.
3．substitute vt.& vi.(用……)替代；取代n.代替品，代用品
[自主体验]
完成句子
①Nothing can substitute_for_hard_work because life is a process of struggle for success.
没有什么可以代替努力工作，因为生活是一个为成功而奋斗的过程。

②The scientists are studying to develop a_substitute_for this kind of medicine.
科学家们正在研究开发这种药物的替代品。

一句多译
这台旧电脑坏了。

我们必须用新的代替它。

③
The_old_computer_doesn't_work.We_must_substitute_a_new_one_for_it.(substitute sth. for sth.)
④
The_old_computer_doesn't_work.We_must_substitute_it_with/by_a_new_one.(substitu te sth. with/by sth.)
[系统归纳]
(1)substitute A for B＝substitute B with/by A 用A代替/取代B
substitute for 代替，取代
(2)a substitute for ... ……的替代品
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Professor Wang was ill, so she substituted him.substituted后加for
佳句时时写
⑥(2014·上海高考书面表达)我了解到我们的英语栏目正在进行改革，三个栏目中的一个将被一个新的栏目所取代。

I've_learned_that_our_English_Post_is_being_reformed_and_a_new_one_will_sub stitute_for_one_of_the_three_columns.
4．trap vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套
[自主体验]
写出下列句中trap的词性及含义
①They had been trapped in the cave for 20 days before rescued.vt.使困住
②Were you just trying to trap her into making a mistaken decision？vt.诱骗
③You can escape from these traps by making the right choice.n.陷阱
④The police set a trap to catch the thief.n.圈套
单句语法填空
⑤The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) his poor quality milk.
⑥Once you fall into a trap, it will not be easy to get out of it.
完成句子
⑦He set/laid_a_trap_for_her and she walked straight into it.
他给她设了个圈套，她就径直走了进去。

⑧The brave soldiers were determined to save all the people who_were_trapped_in_the_flood.
勇敢的战士们决心拯救所有被困在洪水中的人。

⑨Parents often fall_into_the_trap_of_trying_to_do_everything for their children.
父母经常一厢情愿地试图为子女操办一切。

[系统归纳]
(1)trap sb. into (doing) sth. 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；诱骗某人(做)某事
be/get trapped in 被困在……中
(2)fall into a trap 落入陷阱/圈套
fall into the trap of doing sth. 落入……的圈套；做某事不明智
set/lay a trap for 为……设圈套
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑩Trapping in the ruins, the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued.Trapping→Trapped
佳句时时写
⑪(2015·江苏高考书面表达)更糟糕的是，因为近年来越来越多的汽车，一些司机、骑自行车的人和行人被困在交通堵塞中。

What's_worse,_some_drivers,_cyclists_and_pedestrians_are_trapped_in_the_tra
ffic_jams_because_of_the_ever_increasing_number_of_cars_these_years.
[联想发散] 表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：
①be/get locked in ②be/get stuck in
③be/get caught in ④be/get blocked in
5．threaten vt.威胁，恐吓
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He tied her up and threatened her with a six­inch knife.
②Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment.
③David threatened to_report (report) his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.
句式升级
④He was threatened by terrorists and didn't dare to vote for the president.(过去分词短语作状语)
→Threatened_by_terrorists,_he_didn't_dare_to_vote_for_the_president.
[系统归纳]
(1)threaten sb.with ... 用……威胁某人
threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事
threaten that ... 威胁……
(2)threat n. 威胁，恐吓
a threat to sb./sth. 对某人或某事的威胁
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Some pedestrians are threat to road safety.are_后加a
佳句时时写
⑥(2017·浙江高考书面表达)就在那个时候，狼可能感觉到来自人的威胁，开始撤退了。

Just_at_that_time,_the_wolf_might_feel_the_threats_from_the_people,_startin g_to_withdraw.
6．advocate vt.主张，提倡n.提倡者，拥护者
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He advocated that the children (should)_be_taken (take) good care of in the charity house.
②Many experts in education advocated encouraging (encourage) children for good behavior.
③She has always been an advocate of/for changes to the local economic reform.
[系统归纳]
(1)advocate (doing) sth. 提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
advocate that ... 主张……[从句谓语动词用 (should＋)动词原形]
(2)an advocate of/for ……的提倡者/拥护者
[重点强化]
易错处处防
④They advocated that everyone donated some money to the earthq uake­stricken area.donated→donate
佳句时时写
⑤(2017·北京高考书面表达)毕业典礼终于到了，我和同学们都主张做一些有意义的事情。

经过激烈的讨论，我们同意制作一个视频来记录我们在学校的经历。

Graduation ceremony finally came.My classmates and I advocated doing something meaningful.After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school.
7．adopt vt.采用，采纳；收养
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①His adopted (adopt) son was said to be admitted into the key university, which made him very happy.
②If you can't have children of your own, why not consider adoption (adopt)?
完成句子
③After a heated discussion, we all decided to adopt_measures_to_deal_with_the_contemporary_situation (采取措施来处理当前的情况)．
④After much consideration, we all decided to adopt_my_deskmate's_suggestion (采纳我同桌的建议)．
[系统归纳]
(1)adopt a policy/habit 采用某项政策/某种习惯
adopt one's suggestion/plan/idea 采纳某人的建议/计划/想法
adopt a method/measures 采用某种方法/采取措施
adopt an orphan 收养孤儿
(2)adopted adj. 收养的
(3)adoption n. 收养；采纳
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(adopt/adapt)
⑤They recommended that we (should)_adopt the plan.
⑥Not only has she adapted herself to the fast pace of city life, but she is becoming more and more outgoing.
佳句时时写
⑦(2014·天津高考书面表达)首先，我们应采取科学的饮食，它能提供身体所需。

First_of_all,_we_should_adopt_a_scientific_diet,_which_provides_the_necessi ties_for_our_body.
[名师指津] adopt与adapt词形相近，但意思不同，adapt 意为“适应；改编，改写”。

8．means n．方式，方法；手段
[自主体验]
选词填空(by means of/by all means/by no means/by this means)
①By_no_means can teaching in school be separated from practice.
②We will by_all_means realize our dreams as long as we stick to them and work hard.
③By_means_of the Internet, we can gain plenty of useful information.
④Only by_this_means can you get in touch with your classmates.
一句多译
各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。

⑤Every_possible_means_has_been_tried,_but none worked.(means 为单数名词)
⑥All_possible_means_have_been_tried,_but none worked.(means 为复数名词)
[系统归纳]
means of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法、途径
by means of 借助……的手段
by all means 可以，当然行；务必，一定
by no means 决不(置于句首，句子倒装)
by this means 用这种方法
易错对对碰(way/method/means/approach)
⑦We can work out the problem by this means.
⑧We can work out the problem in this way.
⑨We can work out the problem with this method.
⑩We have found a new approach to this problem.
佳句时时写
⑪(2015·重庆高考书面表达)通过定向分享，我只需要把书传递给其他参与者。

书不仅能够共享，还可以搭建一座连接世界各地读者的桥梁。

By_means_of_controlled_release,_I_only_need_to_deliver_books_to_other_parti cipants.Not_only_are_books_shared_but_they_can_build_up_a_bridge_connecting_rea ders_from_different_parts_of_the_world.
[名师指津] (1)当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。

means作主语且有every, each, one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few, all 等词修饰时谓语动词用复数。

(2)“(做)……的方法”的表达还有：the approach to (doing) sth.; the way to do/of (doing) sth.; the method of (doing) sth.等。

(3)“用这种方法”的表达还有：in this way, with this method, an approach to ...。

9．coincidence n．巧合；同时发生；一致，相符
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①By coincidence, my husband and I have the same birthday.
②The result of the game was coincident (coincidence) with our expectation.
完成句子
③What_a_coincidence! I never dreamed of meeting you here.
真巧！我从没想到会在这里遇见你。

一句多译
当他受伤时，碰巧有辆救护车经过。

④It_was_a_coincidence_that_an ambulance was passing by when he got injured.
⑤By_coincidence,_an ambulance was passing by when he got injured.
[系统归纳]
(1)by coincidence 碰巧，巧合的是
It is/was a coincidence that ... ……是巧合的
What a coincidence! 真巧！
(2)coincident adj. 巧合的，重合的；一致的，相符的
易错处处防
⑥In coincidence, they met again after losing contact for twenty years.In→By
佳句时时写
⑦(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)任何有兴趣的同学都能参加。

巧合的是，你拍照好而且一直想为环保做些事情。

Any_student_who_is_interested_is_welcome_to_participate.By_coincidence,_you _take_good_pictures_and_you've_always_wanted_to_do_something_for_environmental_ protection.
10．considerate adj.体贴的，想得周到的
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Considering what she has done for us, we consider her as a very considerate person.(consider)
②Mothers' Day is coming, and I'm considering purchasing (purchase) a gift for mum, one that is to her taste.
③Changing this situation requires considerable (consider)effort on the part of everyone.
④Everything taken into consideration (consider), they believed themselves more qualified for the job.
⑤The plan he put forward at the meeting is under consideration now and the result will be put up soon.
句式升级
He took all the aspects into consideration and decided to study abroad.
⑥Taking_all_the_aspects_into_consideration,_he_decided_to_study_abroad.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑦All_the_aspects_taken_into_consideration,_he_decided_to_study_abroad.(独立主格)
[系统归纳]
(1)consideration n．考虑；体谅，关心，体贴
under consideration 在考虑中
take ... into consideration 把……考虑在内；考虑……
(2)considerable adj. 相当大的；相当多的
(3)considering prep. 考虑到
(4)consider v. 考虑；认为
consider sb./sth. to be/as ... 认为……是……；把……看作……
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑧Since you're tired of the present job, why not consider change one？change →changing
佳句时时写
⑨(2012·江苏高考书面表达)不要以自我为中心，尽量要想得周到。

我们一定要学会冷静而理智地处理争执。

Don't_be_self­centered_and_try_to_be_considerate.We_must_learn_to_handle_co nflicts_calmly_and_wisely.
11．sacrifice v．& n．牺牲；献出
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Would you sacrifice a football game to_go (go) out with me?
②As a mother, she was ready to sacrifice everything for her family.
完成句子
③She made_many_sacrifices_to get her son a good education.
为了让儿子接受好的教育，她做出了很多牺牲。

④He sacrificed_a_promising_career_to_look_after his kids.
他为了照顾孩子牺牲了很有前途的事业。

[系统归纳]
(1)sacrifice ...for ... 为……而牺牲……；
牺牲……而换得……
sacrifice ... to do sth. 为做某事而牺牲……
(2)make sacrifices/a sacrifice 做出牺牲
[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
⑤People often offered cattle or sheep as a sacrifice in ancient time.祭品
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·浙江高考书面表达)为了集体利益，我倾向于牺牲自己的利益。

I_tend_to_sacrifice_my_own_interest_for_the_group_benefit.
1．refer to涉及，提及；谈到；参考；查阅
[自主体验]
写出下列句中refer to的含义
①If you don't understand some words, you can refer to the dictionary.查阅
②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考
③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及
单句语法填空
④Johnson referred to the discovery as a major breakthrough in medical science yesterday.
⑤The girl always refers to the reference books as her good friends and helpers.(refer)
完成句子
⑥He should call 802－247－9999 for the information in/with_reference_to his delayed baggage.
关于行李延误情况，他应该打电话802－247－9999询问。

⑦You may refer_the_matter_to_him if necessary.
必要的话你可以把这件事委托给他。

[系统归纳]
(1)refer to ... as ... 把……称作……
refer ... to ... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助)
(2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅
in/with reference to 关于
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(refer to/look up)
⑧Let me refer_to my notes for the exact figure.
⑨Once I look_up something on the Internet, I don't need to keep all the details for future use.
佳句时时写
⑩(2018·江苏高考书面表达)例如，有大量的参考书，我经常不知如何选择。

For_example,_there_are_huge_amounts_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_con fused_to_choose_from.
[名师指津] look up与refer to都有“查找”之意，但look up的宾语是“要查找
的具体内容”，refer to的宾语是“查阅使用的工具、资料等”。

2．lead to引起，导致，造成(后果)；通向
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①His illness led to his not being able to attend the meeting.
②I want to know what led you to_take (take) up Japanese when you are in your fifties.
完成句子
③The receptionist led_the_way to the manager's office.
接待员领路来到经理办公室。

④Only in peaceful countries can the people lead_a_happy_life.
只有在和平的国家，人民才能过上幸福的生活。

[系统归纳]
lead sb. to ... 引导某人去……；带领某人通往……
lead sb. to do sth. 使得某人做某事
lead a(n) ...life 过……的生活
lead the way 领路
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increase stress, anxiety and memory loss.increase→increasing
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·湖北高考书面表达)质疑会导致寻找答案。

如果我们对于所告知的是否是真的养成提出疑问的习惯，我们就能发现正确答案并学到更多。

Questioning_can_lead_to_searching_for_an_answer.If_we_are_in_the_habit_of_r aising_doubts_as_to_whether_what_we_are_told_is_true,_we_can_find_the_correct_a nswer_and_learn_more.
3．apart from除……之外(都)；除……之外(尚有)
[自主体验]
完成句子
①Apart_from this, the air and rivers have been heavily polluted.
除此之外，空气和河流都被严重污染了。

②Please take_the_TV_apart to see what's the matter with it.
请拆开电视看看出了什么毛病。

③You can tell_the_two_books_apart by their covers.
你可以根据封面把这两本书区分开。

④He had a deep voice, which set_him_apart_from_others in our small town.
他那深沉的声音使他和我们小镇上的其他人与众不同。

⑤The plan about building a bridge fell_apart because we failed to agree on where to build it.
建桥计划失败了，因为我们未能就在何处建这座桥达成一致意见。

[系统归纳]
take ...apart 将……拆开/拆分
tell ... apart 分辨出……
fall apart 破裂；断裂；散开
set sb.apart 使某人与众不同
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(except/besides/except for/apart from)
⑥We all passed the exam except/apart_from Mike, because he hadn't studied hard.
⑦We passed the exam besides/apart_from Mike, we were cheerful.
⑧He is a good man except_for/apart_from a little pride.
佳句时时写
⑨(2015·四川高考书面表达)除此之外，你还可以阅读一些中文书籍，看一些中国电影，听一些中国广播节目。

Apart_from_it,_you_can_also_read_some_books_in_Chinese,_see_some_Chinese_fi lms_and_listen_to_some_Chinese_radio_programmes.
[名师指津] apart from作“除……以外”讲时，既可以表示“包括”之意，相当于besides；也可以表示“不包括”之意，相当于except；还可以表示说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，相当于except for。

4．given的用法
[教材原句] Given this data, it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.
[自主体验]
①Given (give) that he was still a boy, I forgave him.
考虑到他还是个孩子，我就原谅他了。

②Provided/Providing (provide) that you finish your work, you may go.
假如你完成了自己的工作，你就可以走了。

③Considering (consider) the strength of the opposition, we did very well to
score two goals.
考虑到对方的实力，我们能进两个球就很不错了。

[归纳点拨]
(1)given为介词，意为“考虑到，鉴于”，表示原因，后可接that从句，that可省略；还可以表示假设，意为“倘若，假定”。

(2)引导条件状语从句用法相似的表达还有：
①considering (that) ... 考虑到，鉴于
②seeing (that) ... 既然，鉴于
③provided/providing (that) ... 假定……
④assuming (that) ... 假设，如果
⑤suppose/supposing (that) ... 假如，如果
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)Given (that) his health conditions, I think he should have a good rest.
②(精彩收尾句)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Suppose/Supposing (that) you have any opinion about the film, please send emails to studentunion@.
5．拟人修辞手法
[教材原句] The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.
[自主体验]
①The last 30 years have_witnessed/seen the rapid development of China.
过去的30年见证了中国的快速发展。

②(2015·重庆高考)History has_witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world.
历史见证了莎士比亚戏剧在世界上每一种语言下众多作品。

[归纳点拨]
(1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。

(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness, say, experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。

[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2015·广东高考满分作文)All in all, these past years witnessed gradual changes in the class.
②(增分要点句)The last decade saw many technological advances, and the next few
years will see more.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．If you don't pay your debt, your property will be seized (没收)．
2．For most people, the car is still their main means (方式) of transport.
3．We became trapped (使困住) by the rising floodwater.
4．What a coincidence (巧合) that we were in New York at the same time!
5．All children should be encouraged to develop their full potential (潜能)．6．It is not worth sacrificing (牺牲) your health for your career.
7．We will condemn (谴责) those people for their mistreating pets, such as dogs or cats.
8．The report advocated (提倡) that all buildings should be fitted with smoke detectors in yesterday's newspaper.
9．He was substituted (替代) for another midfielder because of his injury.
10．Sometimes I wonder if my teaching is relevant (有关的) to the future of the students.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His nationality isn't relevant (relate) to whether he's a good teacher.
2．Larry substituted for the colleague who was sick.
3．Many experts advocate rewarding (reward) your child for good behaviour.
4．He came to China in order to learn Chinese agricultural (agriculture) skills.
5．The schools must adopt (adoption) new methods of teaching foreign languages.
6．The director has sacrificed all for his first film.
7．It isn't wise to spend all your salary every month.Keep some money in reserve, just in case.
8．Her brother threatened to_leave (leave) her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.
9．They were trying every possible means to rescue the miners trapped (trap) underground.
10．As teachers, we should be considerate (consider) of our students' feelings.And then they will trust us.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．Only by this mean can we master English.mean→means
2．The policeman seized the thief by his arm immediately.his→the
3．The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's be caught.be→being
4．Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat with navigation.with→to 5．The newer will be the substitute with me as your English teacher.with→for 6．Giving that they're inexperienced, they've done a good job.Giving→Given 7．What coincidence！We happened to be travelling on the same train.What后加a
8．Though seats in the library are tight, my friend Tom has reserved one to me. to→for
9．Having trapped in the traffic jam for hours, he became impatient.Having_后加been
10．Some people advocated limit the number of cars on the main road.limit→limiting
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Apart_from_Beijing_and_Shanghai,_we also visited some other cities during the holiday.
除了北京和上海，假期里我们还参观了一些其他城市。

2．Do you advocate_banning_cars in the city centre?
你支持在市中心禁止汽车通行这一主张吗？
3．It_is_considerate_of_you not to play the piano while I was asleep.
在我睡觉时你不弹钢琴，真是体贴入微。

4．With/In_reference_to_your_advertised_position,_I have the pleasure to say that I am the just person you are asking for.
关于广告上登的职位，我很高兴地说，我就是你们要找的那个人。

5．Our hometown has_seen/witnessed_great_changes since the reform and opening policies started.
自从改革开放以来，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“环境保护”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——环境保护
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①waste ②pollute ③rubbish ④litter
⑤damage ⑥weather ⑦climate ⑧protect
⑨environment ⑩attention ⑪law ⑫reduce ⑬forbid ⑭replace ⑮occur ⑯happen ⑰disease ⑱throw ⑲prevent ⑳recycle ○21effort ○22noisy
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①radiation n ． 辐射，放射物 ②vulnerable adj . 脆弱的 ③emission n . 排放 ④unbearable adj . 难耐的 ⑤greenhouse n . 温室 ⑥haze n . 雾霾
⑦attractive adj . 有吸引力的 ⑧smelly adj . 发出臭味的 ⑨agreement n . 协议 ⑩advocate vt . 提倡 ⑪decline vi . 降低；下降 ⑫surroundings n . 环境 ⑬atmosphere n . 大气
⑭environmentally­friendly adj . 环保的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①global warming 全球变暖
②stay at home 待在家里
③on foot 步行
④protect the environment 保护环境
⑤traffic accident 交通事故
⑥see the doctor 看医生
⑦look forward to 盼望
⑧do great harm to ... 对……造成巨大伤害 ⑨rising sea levels 海平面上升
⑩as a result 结果
⑪result from 由……造成
⑫reduce their greenhouse gas emissions
减少温室效应的气体排放
⑬carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
⑭let off waste water 排放废水
⑮endangered nation 濒危的国家
⑯packaging product 包装产品
⑰eco­friendly water bottle 环保水瓶
⑱break down 分解
⑲image of the future 未来意象
⑳eatable spoon 可吃的勺子
21deal with 处理
○
22be/live in harmony with 与……和谐共处
○
23make proper use of 合理利用
○
24keep the balance of 保持……的平衡
○
25live a low­c arbon life 过低碳生活
○
26call on/appeal to sb.to do sth. 号召/呼吁某人做某事
○
27hazy weather 雾霾天气
○
28daily life 日常生活
○
29go to school 去上学
○
30a lot of times 许多次
○
(四)写作佳句背一背
①Many people worry that our energy will run out quickly if we use it in an unchecked way.
②It is well known that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to global warming.
③There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that have caused this global warming.
④Accordingly/Consequently, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are more and more aware of the importance of the protection of the environment.
二、话题书面表达亮一点
[题目要求]
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信询问你的家乡是否有雾霾天气，情况如何。

请你按照以下提示给他回一封e­mail。

内容如下：
1．由于大气污染程度十分严重，自去年年底以来发生了许多次雾霾天气；
2．人们已经意识到雾霾天气的危害，正在采取各种措施减少其发生；
3．你在日常生活中打算为此做些什么。

注意：词数100左右。

开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。

参考词汇：雾霾haze；雾霾天气 hazy weather
Dear Mike，
I'm glad to receive your letter, and thank you for your caring for the weather and my health. Now I'd like to tell you something about the haze.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句
(用方框内的词汇翻译句子)
occur, a lot of times, do great harm to, daily life, traffic accident, see the doctor, disease, cause, stay at home, go to school, throw, waste, protect the environment, look forward to
1．雾霾天气在我的家乡出现了许多次。

The_hazy_weather_has_occurred_a_lot_of_times_in_my_hometown.
2．它对我们的日常生活造成了巨大的危害。

It_has_done_great_harm_to_our_daily_life._
3．发生了许多交通事故。

Many_traffic_accidents_happened._
4．越来越多的市民必须去看医生。

More_and_more_citizens_have_to_go_to_see_the_doctor.
5．这些疾病是由雾霾引起的。

The_diseases_are_caused_by_the_haze.
6．许多人不得不待在家里。

Many_people_have_to_stay_at_home.
7．我会骑车或步行去上学。

I_will_go_to_school_by_bike_or_on_foot._
8．我不会在任何地方扔垃圾。

I_won't_throw_the_waste_anywhere.
9．我会告诉我遇见的人们保护环境。

I_will_tell_the_people_I_meet_to_protect_the_environment._
10．你能告诉我一些好的想法吗？
Would_you_like_to_tell_me_some_good_ideas?
11．盼望着你的回复。

I'm_looking_forward_to_your_reply.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
12．在第1句中加上时间状语“自从去年年底以来”。

Since_the_end_of_last_year,_the_hazy_weather_has_occurred_a_lot_of_times_in
_my_hometown.
13．在第3句中加上状语“因为严重的雾霾”。

Many_traffic_accidents_happened_because_of_the_heavy_haze._
14．在第4句中加上原因状语“由于严重的疾病”。

More_and_more_citizens_have_to_go_to_see_the_doctor_due_to_the_serious_dise ases.
15．在第6句中加上原因状语“因为害怕有毒的空气”。

Many_people_have_to_stay_at_home_for_fear_of_the_poisonous_air.
16．在第7句前加上状语“至于我”。

As_for_me,_I_will_go_to_school_by_bike_or_on_foot._
第三步：语写美——词句升格
17．用a great number of替换第15句中的many。

A_great_number_of_people_have_to_stay_at_home_for_fear_of_the_poisonous_air .
18．用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并第12句与第2句。

Since_the_end_of_last_year,_the_hazy_weather_has_occurred_a_lot_of_times_in _my_hometown,_which_has_done_great_harm_to_our_daily_life._
19．用非谓语动词作后置定语合并第14句与第5句。

More_and_more_citizens_have_to_go_to_see_the_doctor_due_to_the_serious_dise ases_caused_by_the_haze.
20．用并列连词and连接第16句与第8句。

As_for_me,_I_will_go_to_school_by_bike_or_on_foot,_and_I_won't_throw_the_wa ste_anywhere.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用besides， in addition等词汇连句成文。

Dear_Mike，
I'm_glad_to_receive_your_letter,_and_thank_you_for_your_caring_for_the_weat her_and_my_health._Now_I'd_like_to_tell_you_something_about_the_haze.
Since_the_end_of_last_year,_the_hazy_weather_has_occurred_a_lot_of_times_in _my_hometown,_which_has_done_great_harm_to_our_daily_life._Many_traffic_acciden ts_happened_because_of_the_heavy_haze._Besides,_more_and_more_citizens_have_to_ go_to_see_the_doctor_due_to_the_serious_diseases_caused_by_the_haze._A_great_nu mber_of_people_have_to_stay_at_home_for_fear_of_the_poisonous_air.
As_for_me,_I_will_go_to_school_by_bike_or_on_foot,_and_I_won't_throw_the_wa
ste_anywhere._In_addition,_I_will_tell_the_people_I_meet_to_protect_the_environ ment._Would_you_like_to_tell_me_some_good_ideas?_I'm_looking_forward_to_your_re ply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
Ⅰ.根据提示填空
You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the world's temperature. But, ❶rising_sea_levels (海平面上升) caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation (撤离) of an island nation —the citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland.
During the 20th century, sea level rose 8－12 inches. ❷As_a_result (结果), Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water which has ❸polluted (pollute) the country's drinking water.
Paani Laupepa, a Tuvaluan government official, reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation has suffered an unusually high number of fierce ❹storms (storm) in the past ten years. Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures ❺resulting (result) from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to ❻_reduce_their_greenhouse_gas_emissions (减少温室效应的气体排放), which are a main cause of global warming. “By refusing to sign the ❼agreement (agree), the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans ❽to_live (live) where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years，” Laupepa told the BBC.Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries.
Tuvalu is not the only country that is ❾vulnerable (vulnerably) to rising sea levels. Maumoon Gayoon, president of the Maldives, told the United Nations that
10endangered_nation (濒危的global warming has made his country of 311,000 an “○
国家)”．
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
reduce， recycle， invention， environment， deal with， packaging product， eatable spoon， break down，eco­friendly water bottle， image of the future。