上海市静安区第二中心小学四年级期中考试M1M2知识点归纳
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M1M2知识点归纳
一、名词单数变复数的规律
1、可数名词以s, x, ch, sh,部分o结尾的名词+ es
benches, buses, classes, glasses, dresses, foxes, boxes, peaches, sandwiches, watches, branches, dishes, brushes, beaches, fishes(鱼的种类)
2、辅音+y结尾的名词,去y变i + es
lady---ladies, cherry---cherries, strawberry---strawberries, library---libraries, fly---flies,
body---bodies, baby---babies, story---stories, city---cities, family---families, aviary---aviaries party---parties
3.以f或fe结尾的名词,去f , fe 变v + es
knife---knives, wolf---wolves, leaf---leaves, scarf---scarves, life---lives
4、不可数名词
water, juice, meat, coffee, tea, hair, jam, glue, paper, ice, grass, rice, flour, milk, sugar, bread, butter, corn, hay, honey, food, fruit, sand, corn, fish(鱼肉), homework
5、不规则单词变形
man---men child---children tooth---teeth foot---feet mouse---mice woman---women
6、单复数同形的名词
sheep---sheep, deer---deer, fish(肉)
二、反义词
1. short--- long/tall
2. big---small
3. tall---short
4. old---young /new
5. new---old
6. large---little
7. smooth---rough
8. hard---soft
9. hot---cold 10. strong---weak(软弱) 11. sharp---blunt(钝的) 12. brave---afraid
13. black---white 14. thin---fat 15. fast---slow (慢) 16. quiet---loud
17. warm---cool 18. clean---dirty 19. dry---wet 20. full--hungry
21. sit up---stand down 22. turn on---turn off 23. open---close 24. go---come
25. behind---in front of 26. left--- right 27. on---under /off 28. this---that
29. these---those 30. put on---take off 31. good---bad 32. inside---outside
33. here----there 34. bring---take 35. happy---sad 36. open---close/shut
37. rise---go down 38. before—after 39. always--never
三、疑问代词
1.what什么(对句子中的宾语提问)
2.what colour 什么颜色(对颜色提问)
3. what shape什么形状(对形状提问)
4.what time什么时间(对几点钟提问)
5.where哪里(对地点/介词词组提问)
6.when什么时候(对时间/年,月,日,星期提问
7.which哪一个/哪一些(对句子中的定语提问)
8.why为什么(对原因提问)
9.who谁(对主语,宾语提问)
10.whose谁的(对所有格提问)
11..how怎样(对方式,程度,身体提问)
12. how many多少(对可数名词数量提问)
13. how old几岁(对年龄提问)
14. how much多少(对不可数名词数量提问,对价格提问)
四、人称代词
主格宾格所有格
I me my
you you your
he him his
she her her
it it its
we us our
you you your
they them their
五、同音词
here---hear where---wear their---there meet---meat for---four too---two---to I---eye know---no see---sea pear---pair dear---deer bee---be son---sun hour---our
bye---by---buy write---right flower--flour know---no who’s---whose
六、时态
1、一般现在时
1)表达频繁发生,反复发生,习惯性发生的一种状态。
2)常见单词:often sometimes usually always never every day
3)句子结构:
肯定句:主语(第一、二、三复)+动词原形
主语(第三人称单数)+动词第三人称单数
否定句:主语(第一、二、三复)+don’t+ 动词原形
主语(第三人称单数)+doesn’t+动词原形(助动词后加动词原形)
一般疑问句:Do+ 主语(第一、二、三复)+动词原形?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+ do + 主语(第一、二、三复)+动词原形?
疑问词+ does+ 主语(第三人称单数)+动词原形?
*动词第三人称构成
一般情况+s
以s, sh, ch, o结尾加es: watches, washes, catches, brushes, goes
以辅音字母加y结尾,去y加ies: carries, flies,
特殊情况:have---has
2、现在进行时
1)表达动作正在进行中。
2)常见单词:listen look now 时间点
3)句子结构:
肯定句:主语+be+动词现在分词
否定句:主语+be+not+动词现在分词
一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词现在分词?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+ be+主语+动词现在分词?
4) 动词现在分词构成
一般情况+ing
以不发音的e结尾去e加ing: dancing, making, taking, living, riding, dozing,
重读闭音节,双写加ing: putting, chatting, sitting, digging, swimming, running, getting
七、语法点
1、量词: a glass of a pair of a bar of a cup of a box of a bowl of… 1)量词词组后面跟不可数名词或可数名词复数。
a glass of juice, a box of cookies
2) 量词词组的单复数以量词前的数词为准:
a pair of swimming goggles 单数two pairs of swimming goggles复数
2、选择疑问句:
1)用or连接两个选项部分。
2)不能用yes, no回答。
Is it an apple or an orange? It’s an ap ple.
3、询问感官
1)用be 动词:How is it? How are they?
2) 用助动词:How does it feel/ smell/ taste? How do they feel/ smell/ taste?
4、have 的句型
What do you have? I have… What does he have? He has…
5、询问物主
1)句子结构: Whose +名词+ be+主语?主语+be+物主代词/所有格+名词。
Whose knife is this/that? It’s Danny’s.
Whose books are these/those? They are my books.
2) 名词所有格的构成
单数名词后面加’s Peter’s cat my mother’s car the tree’s shadow
复数名词后面加s’ the dogs s’ tails teacher s’ office the tree s’ shadows
6、介词用法
1)in +季节、月份、年份、国家、早、下午、傍晚
in spring in January in 1998 in China
2)on+星期、日期on Sunday on June the first
3)at+节日、时间点、晚上、周末、中午
at seven o’clock
7、球类前面不加the, 乐器前面要加the
play football play the piano
8、游泳课程须知swimming class
游泳需要: a swimsuit a swimming cap a pair of swimming goggles
游泳前(before):do warm-up exercises clean your body
游泳后(after): clean your body
游泳好处:Swimming is fun. It makes you healthy and strong.
9、动物食性:
Cat---fish dog---bones parrot----corn tortoise-----meat
10、房间以及相应的功能
bedroom---sleep living room----watch TV(television)
bathroom---wash hair kitchen---cook dinner
11、名词变形容词:
noise—noisy sun—sunny cloud—cloudy wind—windy
rain—rainy puzzle---puzzled music----musical
12、一日三餐:
have breakfast have lunch have dinner
13、首字母大写:人名,国家,语言,星期,月份,节日,学科,国籍,年级,班级17、乐器发音:
Piano---ding triangle---ting violin----zing drum----boom
八、语音
/a: / car park yard Mark
/u: / blue school Sue noon
/ ɔ:/ Laura floor door
/ɜ: / skirt purse girl
/i: / bee tea see
/ɪə/ deer tear here beer fear hear ear clear
/eə/ where chair hair wear there pear bear square Clare /aɪ/ five pie Mike smile mine line
/əu/ Joe goat Flo toast boat coat go hello toe
/ɔɪ/ toy noise boy Joyce noise
/aʊ/ mouse bow cow owl ouch out brown cloud
/eɪ/ today May wait day play hurray
/ ð / smooth this that those these the there their them then / θ / thin thick think birthday mouth month path。