2019版高中英语 Unit 5 Rhythm Section Ⅳ Language Points(Ⅱ)(Lesson 2

Section ⅣLanguage Points(Ⅱ)
(Lesson 2 & Lesson 3)
[语言基础自测]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．The firm is working on a new product in combine(联合) with several overseas partners.
2．The treasure(财宝) found in the ancient tomb has been kept in the museum.
3．Many years later，the old general(将军) came back to the village where he had fought.
4．His accent got his identity(身份) exposed.
5．The red lines on the map represent(代表) railways.
6．She is on stage for most of the play.
7．Water can transform a desert into a garden.
8．The singer made her first appearance in a concert in Boston.
9．I want to quit the job and travel all over the world.
10．It's known to us all that the key to success is hard work.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．male adj.男性的→female adj.女性的
2．identity n．身份；特性→identify vt.确定…… 的身份
3．rediscover vt.重新发现→discover vt.发现→discovery n．发现
4．musician n．音乐家→music n．音乐，乐曲→musical adj.音乐的，有音乐天赋的5．beauty n．美；美貌；美人→beautiful adj.漂亮的→beautify v．使美丽，变美6．appearance n．外貌，外观→appear vi.出现→disappear vi.消失
[寻规律、巧记忆]
根据提示补全下列短语
1．pay attention to 注意……
2．note down 记下
3．play a role in... 在……中起作用
4．such as 例如
5．in other words 换句话说
6．hand in 上交
7．shave off 剃掉，刮掉
8．give up 放弃；认输
9．prefer to do 宁可做；更喜欢做
10．combine...with... 把……与……联合
11．play...on the piano 在钢琴上演奏……
12．at times 有时，不时
13．at the age of... 在……岁时
14．in some ways 在某些方面
15．have a talent for 有……天赋
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The employer asked him to leave in no time；in other words，he was fired.
2．You should try to combine exercise with a healthy diet.
3．I hope to play a role in the play.
4．Alice walked along the street and at times turned to looked if someone was following her.
5．The expensive machine is no better than the other one in some ways．
[寻规律、巧记忆]
combine
vt .(使)联合，(使)结合
(教材P 24)The first step in making a cake is to combine the milk and butter. 制作蛋糕的第一步是搅拌牛奶和黄油。

spoken English.
在学习英语口语的时候，我们应该注意把听、说结合起来。

②Students are provided with a combination(combine) for their room door locks upon check­in.在办理入住手续时为学生们的房间门锁提供组合密码。

(教材P 24)The first time you listen ，try to get the general idea and take notes. 你第一次听的时候，尽力去了解大意并做笔记。

【要点提炼】 the first time 在此引导时间状语从句，意思是“第一次……的时候”。

①The first time I made this mistake ，the teacher forgave me.
我第一次犯这个错误时，老师原谅了我。

②The moment I saw him
见到他的那一刻，我就知道发生了什么事。

③The day he returned home，the earthquake took place in his hometown.
他到家的那一天，他的家乡发生了地震。

[名师点津]
the first time与for the first time不同。

前者是名词短语转化为连词引导时间状语从句，后者是介词短语在句中作时间状语。

play a role in在……中起作用
(教材P25)Well，symbols play a very important role in Beijing Opera.
噢，符号在京剧中起着很重要的作用。

①Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.
专家们说，你设计你家的方式在你是增加体重还是保持体重稳定上能够起着一定的作用。

Parents play a major role in their children's education.
父母在子女的教育上起着重要作用。

③I took an active part in the composition contest.
我积极参加了这次作文大赛。

[名师点津]
在play a role/part in(of)中，role/part是可数名词，其前要加不定冠词a。

在take part in中，part前不加冠词，但表示“积极参加”时，part前需要加an，即“take an active part in...”。

represent vt.代表
(教材P25)Many body movements can represent actions such as opening a door，climbing a hill，going upstairs or rowing a boat.
许多肢体动作能够代表诸如开门、爬山、上楼或划船等动作。

①You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.
你可以用一个数字代替一个字母，例如，让我们按照顺序从1到26代替字母表的字母。

He represented himself as/to be a friend of the workers
truth.
他声称自己是工人的朋友，不过现在我们知道了真相。

③I was sent to Europe as the representative(represent) of our company.
我作为我们公司的代表被派往欧洲。

in other words换句话说
(教材P25)In other words，every action and movement in Beijing Opera is important.
换句话说，京剧中的每一个动作都是重要的。

①I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by other people—in other words，I'm wasting my time.
我很快发现我在重复别人已做过的事情，换句话说，我是在浪费自己的时间。

In a word
总之，月亮上没有生命。

③He has broken his(he) word so many times that I cannot trust him any more.
他经常食言，我再也不能相信他了。

(教材P26)His mother couldn't buy him a piano until he was seven.
直到他7岁时，母亲才给他买了一架钢琴。

【要点提炼】本句中的not...until...意为“在……之前，直到……才……”，until 引导的是时间状语从句。

①After all，many older people don't begin to experience physical and mental decline until after age 75.
毕竟，许多年长的人直到75岁后才经历身体和精神的衰退。

century that
gift was fully recognized.
巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初他的音乐才能才得到完全认可。

③Not until he got back at midnight did he realize he was taken in and suffered
a great loss.
直到半夜回家他才意识到他被骗了，且遭受了巨大损失。

at times有时；不时
(教材P26)He was made to practise the piano so much that，at times，he thought about giving up.
他被迫每天花很长时间练习弹奏钢琴，有时他都想放弃了。

①He went to the badminton club at times during his school days.他上学时有时去羽毛球俱乐部。

Our representatives are ready to help you at all times(time)我们的代表随时准备帮助你。

③At no time did anyone involved speak to the press.
任何相关人员都没有向媒体发表过言论。

[名师点津]
in no time“立刻，马上”，相当于at once，置于句首时不倒装，而at no time“在任何情况下都不”，置于句首时，其所在句子要用部分倒装。

[语境助记]
At one time Joan and I were good friends.I went to her for help at any time because she would always solve the problems in time.Joan was clever，and at the same time she liked finishing her homework ahead of time and liked doing it at a time.
我和琼曾经是好朋友。

我随时向她求助，因为她总是能及时解决问题。

琼很聪明，同时，她喜欢提前完成作业并且喜欢一次性做完。

quit vt.& vi.停止；辞职
(教材P26)However，he didn't quit，and he became a great pianist.
然而，他没有放弃，并成为了一名伟大的钢琴家。

①If I don't get more money，I'll quit.
如果不给我加薪，我就辞职。

You must quit smoking(smoke) in the meeting room.
会议室里禁止吸烟。

③One friend of mine has decided to quit(quit) his job and go abroad for further study recently.
最近我的一个朋友决定辞去工作出国深造。

[名师点津]
quit意为“停止”时后接名词、代词和动名词作宾语。

talent n．天才，才干
(教材P26)Because of Kong's talent and hard work，he became famous worldwide.
由于他的天赋和努力，孔祥东名扬天下。

①There is no such thing as a great talent without great will­power.(Balzac)
没有伟大的意志力，便没有雄才大略。

[巴尔扎克]
She is a very talented(talent) actress.
她是一个才华横溢的演员。

③We found that the boy had a talent for music.
我们发现那男孩有音乐天赋。

[名师点津]
talent与gift都可以表示“有……天赋，才能”，一般可以通用。

前者常指先天所具有的某种特殊才能，尤指艺术方面的天分，一般不用复数；后者多指不需努力与生俱来的优秀能力，可以用复数。

in some ways在某些方面
(教材P26)But after years of performing，he felt that in some ways he had lost his identity.
但是多年演奏之后，他觉得在某些方面他已经迷失了自我。

①The changes are beneficial in some ways but not in others.
这些变革在某些方面有好处，在某些方面没好处。

Don't stand in the way.
③In no way will we turn traitor to our motherland no matter what happens.
不论发生什么事情，我们都决不会背叛自己的祖国。

appearance n．外貌，外观；出现，显露，露面
(教材P26)Kong's new experiment in Chinese folk music is so important to him that he even changed his appearance.
尝试中国民族音乐对孔祥东来说非常重要，为此他甚至改变了自己的形象。

我不想去参加这个聚会，但我认为最好还是露个面。

②Warm colors like yellow make food appear(appear) more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry.
像黄色这样的暖色使食物显得更加可口，而冷色调让我们感觉不那么饿了。

③Police are investigating the woman's disappearance(appearance)．
警方正在调查这名女子的失踪。

transform vt.转换；转化
(教材P26)Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music，he is a pioneer in music today.
不管孔祥东是在改变他的形象还是在对音乐进行改革，他都是当今音乐界的先锋。

①There are painters who transform the sun to a yellow spot，but there are others who with the help of their art and their intelligence，transform a yellow spot into the sun.(Picasso)
有些画家把太阳画成一个黄斑，但有些画家借助于他们的技巧和智慧把黄斑画成太阳。

[毕加索]
Heat can transform water into steam.
热能使水变为蒸汽。

③He tried hard to make the transformation(transform) in his appearance.
他尽力改变自己的外貌。

[解构长句难句]
1．(教材P26)Kong explained that he tried this because he wanted to create something new.
【分析】本句是一个复合句。

that引导的是宾语从句；because引导的是原因状语从句。

【翻译】孔祥东解释说，他尝试这样做是因为他想创作一些新的东西。

2．(教材P26)This is why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.
【分析】本句是一个复合句。

why引导的是表语从句；表语从句中and连接两个并列谓语。

【翻译】这就是他要追根溯源，重新发现中国民间音乐之美的原因。

[随堂效果落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing (represent) 8 different countries.
2．E­mail，as well as telephone，is (be) playing an important part in daily communication.
3．According to the art dealer，the painting is expected to go (go) for at least a million dollars.
4．I've just quit smoking (smoke) and fell terrible，but I'm sure，in the long run，I'll be much healthier.
5．The Greens have transformed their garage into a guest room.
6．Not until he went abroad for further study did he realize how attached he was to his parents.
7．The finals of AFC CUP (亚足联杯) were going on in exciting atmosphere and won hearty applause at times.
8．How men first invented words is unknown.In other words，the beginning of language is a mystery.
9．It was not until the rain stopped that he left the room.
10．The moment he heard the news，he jumped with joy.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Before waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatient.
Before→After 2．In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear.
unless→until/till 3．If he can combine his ability or hard work，he should be very successful.
or→with/and 4．To my surprise，he told me he would quit the school.
去掉the
5．Electric heaters have their electric energy transforming into heat.
transforming→transformed
[语法专项突破]
状语从句(Ⅱ)
一、原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有：because(因为)，since(既然，因为)，as(因为)，now that(既然)，for (因为)，considering that(考虑到)，seeing (that) (鉴于，由于，既然，因为)等。

1．because语气最强，表示不知道的原因时用because，即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。

下列情况下只能使用because：①在回答why的问句时；②在用于强调句型时；③被not所否定时。

He was absent from school because he was ill.
他没去上学，因为他病了。

2．for的语气不及because，since，as强，为并列连词，并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明。

for引导的分句不能放在句首。

It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet this morning.
昨晚一定下过雨，因为今天早上地面是湿的。

3．表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。

Since everyone is here，let's get started.
既然所有人都来了，咱们开始吧。

4．now that用来说明一种现状原因，然后加以推论，比较接近于since。

一般只放在句首，that可省略。

Now that they could ride horses，it became easier to hunt the bison.
既然他们会骑马了，猎取野牛也就容易了。

5．considering (that)用于表达说话者已经知道某种情况会带来的影响。

Considering the strength of the opposition，we did very well to score two goals.
考虑到对方实力强大，我们进两个球已经不错了。

6．seeing that 用于口语中，用于“某种事实或情况是真实的”这种前提下。

We could have a joint party，seeing that your birthday is the same as mine.
既然你和我的生日在同一天，我们可以一起开个生日聚会。

[即时演练1]
单句语法填空
①Now/Since all the guests have arrived，let's have dinner.
②We should be more careful，for it is already dark.
③The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.
二、结果状语从句
结果状语从句可以由so that(因此)，so...that(如此……以至于)，such...that(这样……以至于)等词引导。

He didn't plan his time well，so that he didn't finish the work on time.
他没有把时间计划好，结果没按时完成这项工作。

The film was so wonderful that everyone was deeply moved.
电影是如此精彩，以至于所有人都被深深打动了。

He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles in English for an American newspaper.
他英语进步那么快，不久他就给一家美国报纸撰稿了。

[名师点津]
so/such...that...引导的结果状语从句，如果把so/such与修饰的部分置于句首，主句部分用倒装。

So carelessly did he drive that he was nearly killed.
他开车如此粗心，差点儿丧命。

[即时演练2]
单句语法填空
①He was so angry that he couldn't speak.
②It was such an interesting film that/so interesting a film that I saw it twice.
三、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句常用的连接词有：in order that，so that，in case(以防，免得)，for fear that(以免，以防)等。

in order that/so that引导的目的状语从句中常需要用情态动词，现在时态常用may，can；过去时态常用might，could。

in order that比so that 正式，in order that引导的从句可以在主句前，也可以在主句后；而so that引导的从句只能位于主句后。

I got up early so that/in order that I could catch the train.为了赶上火车，我起得很早。

I shall stay in the hotel all day in case there is news of the missing child.
我将整天待在旅馆，也许会有失踪孩子的消息。

He is working hard for fear that he(should)fail.
他努力学习，以免考试不及格。

[名师点津]
(1)so that/in order that引导的状语从句，如果主从复合句的主语一致，可以转化为so as to/in order to。

但是so that与so as to不能置于句首。

He was so kind that he phoned for a taxi for the patient.
＝He was so kind as to phone for a taxi for the patient.
他如此热心，以至于为病人打电话叫了出租车。

(2)so that引导的目的状语从句中常会有情态动词can，could，may，might，will，would等，而so that引导的结果状语从句中一般没有情态动词；so that引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号，而so that引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。

He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课，以便在考试中能获得好成绩。

He worked hard at his lessons，so that he gained high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课，结果在考试中取得了好成绩。

[即时演练3]
单句语法填空
①He spoke very slowly so that we could follow him.
②They were afraid to say what was in their minds，for fear (that) it might start trouble.
[应用落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.
2．I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early so that/in order that I can have time for a cup of coffee.
3．They are very excited and looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.
4．He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him in our class.
5．These scientists were so curious about wildlife that they decided to pay a visit to the rainforest in South Asia.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It was since I was late that my teacher became very angry.
since→because 2．For it is raining，you had better take your umbrella with you.
For→As 3．I have such little money that I can't afford the car.
such→so 4．This is such a very difficult problem that even teachers can't work it out.
去掉very 5．So hurry did she leave home that she left her cell phone home.
hurry→hurriedly。