翻译三级口译实务模拟22

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翻译三级口译实务模拟22
(总分:59.00,做题时间:90分钟)
一、Part Ⅰ(总题数:1,分数:20.00)
1.赵:“地球日”是怎么回事?什么时候开始的?都取得了哪些成就?
Smith: Earth Day was started in 1970.It was set to help raise the general public"s environ- mental awareness.For one thing,it provides a special day to remind people to take care of the Earth.It also gives special interest and environmental groups an opportunity to motivate their members to take action in their communities.
赵:听起来不错。

可就在环保取得成绩的同时,人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。

地球人口越多,资源消耗的越多,产生的垃圾也越多,到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?对此我们决不可掉以轻心。

Smith: That is certainly true.By the year 2005,there will be 7 billion people on the planet.I personally think that recycling is the answer.Paper,metal,rubber,oil,and many other materials are going to have to be recycled on a much greater scale.Everyone will have to be involved.Perhaps even special legislation will be required.It is true that we are losing millions of hectares every year to housing and roads.But there is still a lot of undeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housing.And science and technology is helping us to get more out of the land that is used for farming.
赵:那么今年“地球日”你打算都干点什么呢?
Smith: I will probably attend our city"s annual Earth Day celebrations and thenhelp pick up the mountain of garbage leftover.
赵:“地球日”是怎么回事?什么时候开始的?都取得了哪些成就?
Smith: Earth Day was started in 1970.It was set to help raise the general public"s environ- mental awareness.For one thing,it provides a special day to remind people to take care of the Earth.It also gives special interest and environmental groups an opportunity to motivate their members to take action in their communities.
赵:听起来不错。

可就在环保取得成绩的同时,人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。

地球人口越多,资源消耗的越多,产生的垃圾也越多,到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?对此我们决不可掉以轻心。

Smith: That is certainly true.By the year 2005,there will be 7 billion people on the planet.I personally think that recycling is the answer.Paper,metal,rubber,oil,and many other materials are going to have to be recycled on a much greater scale.Everyone will have to be involved.Perhaps even special legislation will be required.It is true that we are losing millions of hectares every year to housing and roads.But there is still a lot of undeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housing.And science and technology is helping us to get more out of the land that is used for farming.
赵:那么今年“地球日”你打算都干点什么呢?
Smith: I will probably attend our city"s annual Earth Day celebrations and thenhelp pick up the mountain of garbage leftover.
(分数:20.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:()
解析:Zhao: So what is the purpose of Earth Day,how did it get started and what exactly has it accomplished?
史密斯:“地球日”是1970年开始的,目的是提高公众的环保意识。

一则是这一活动可以提醒人们要细心照看好我们的地球,同时也使特别利益团体和环保组织有机会动员自己的成员在各自社区采取行动。

Zhao: That all sounds nice.But compared with progress made in environmental protection,nothing seems to have changed in population explosion,ozone depletion,global warm- ing and that sort of thing.Let"s face it,the more people on the earth,the more resources will be used up and the more waste there will be.What are we going to do if we run out ofland for food?We must not take the issue lighty
史密斯:你说的很对。

到2005年,地球人口将达70亿。

我个人认为解决上述问题的方法在废品回收利用。

纸张、金属、橡胶、油料、以及许多物资都必须在更大程度上回收利用。

每个人都要参与。

也许还需要特别立法。

我们的确正在因建房筑路失去千百万公顷的土地,但未开发的土地还不少,可以用来种植农作物或建房。

科学技术能帮我们从农田取得更大的收获。

Zhao: So what are you going to do for Earth Day this year?
史密斯:我也许会参加市里举办的“地球日”纪念大会,然后帮忙清扫成山的垃圾。

[解析]
交替传译是译员在讲话人讲完一句、一个意群、一段甚至整篇后译出目标语言的翻译方式。

在交替传译中,关键是理解,以听为主,笔记为辅。

听需要百分之百的投入,而记笔记所用的脑力是额外创造出来的,两者之间的桥梁是理解。

记笔记,应该在第一个意群在脑海中成形后,再动笔。

记笔记的关键,不是对文章原话一字不差的记录,而是原话意思的忠实再造。

同时关联词在记笔记中起很大的作用,用关联词这根线串起整个意思链。

此外,记笔记还应当体现出主次,什么是主干,什么是枝干,什么是例子,都应该在笔记中一目了然。

本段对话主要讨论有关地球日的情况,要求应试者掌握某些专门用语、专有名词,考查应试者的基本素质;在此基础上,应试者还要在相当短的时间内理解长难句并准确完整地翻译;对某些短语和单词确切理解其含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法,使译文不仅准确完整,而且符合目标语的语言习惯。

■基本素质采分点
下列单词或短语是基础知识点,包括专有名词、惯用表达等,是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。

1.Earth Day 地球日
2.population explosion 人口爆炸
3.ozone depletion 臭氧层空洞
4.global warming 全球气候变暖
■结构理解采分点
下面是本段对话出现的长难句,要求应试者在很短时间内,判断其结构、大意并组织语言,且保证信息的完整和准确。

1.For one thing,it prOvides a special day to remind people to take care of the Earth.It also gives special interest and environmental goups an opportunity to motivate their members to take action in their communities.
原文为两个并列句,使用的衔接词是for one thing…also,在翻译中,使用合译法,把两个简单句译成一个单句。

同时注意记录核心内容,也就是两个并列句的主干:provide a day,remind people to take care of the Eanh;motivate members to take action.参考译文为:一则是这一活动可以提醒人们要细心照看好我们的地球,同时也使特别利益团体和环保组织有机会动员自己的成员在各自社区采取行动。

2.可就在环保取得成绩的同时,人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。

原句为一个复杂单句,句子主干是“这些问题没有改善”,译者应做好笔记,记下是哪些问题。

中文句子的定语修饰语过长,且位于被修饰语之前。

在翻译时,应改变顺序,原文的语序颠倒过来,即“环保一点也没改变下列问题”。

参考译文为:But compared with progress made in environmental protection,nothing seems to have changed in population explosion,ozone depletion,global warming and that sort ofthings.
3.地球人口越多,资源消耗得越多,产生的垃圾也就越多,到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?
原句中并列成分多,注意记下核心信息:人口,资耗,垃圾多、粮食地没了怎么办。

在翻译时使用拆句法,把长句拆成短句,不会遗漏信息,而且容易理解。

参考译文为:the more people on the earth,the more resources will be us ed up and the more waste there will be.What are we going to do if we run out of land for food?
4.But there is still a lot ofundeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housing.原句的核心内容是“there is undeveloped land”,句子中含有定语从句,为了使译文清楚,可使用拆句
法,在定语从句前拆译。

参考译文为:但未开发的土地还不少,可以用来种植农作物或建房。

5.I will probably attend our city"s annual“Earth Day”celebrations and then help pick up the mountain of garbage left over.
原句是由连词and连接的两个并列句,核心信息是:attend“Earth Day”,pick up garbage时间上顺承关系。

翻译时可采用顺译法或直译法,把原文信息表达出来。

参考译文为:我也许会参加市里举办的一年
一次的“地球日”纪念大会,然后帮忙清扫成山的垃圾。

■言语表达采分点
应试者在注意了整体表达的基础上,还应正确理解和翻译某些重要短语或单词,以使译文完整流畅。

1.取得成就 accomplish
2.raise the general public"s awareness 提高公众意识
3.special interest groups 特别利益集团
4.motivate 激发
5.种粮食的土地没有了 runoutoflandforfood
6.掉以轻心 take the issue lightly
7.recycling 再循环、回收
8.beinvolved 参加
9.attend 出席、参加
10.leftover 剩余的
二、Part Ⅱ(总题数:1,分数:-1.00)
2.It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you to this meeting on such an important issue as science, information and society.
Today, science and information are opening up new horizons for human development. They do so through the exchange of scientific knowledge, the expansion of education and training, and the promotion of creativity and intercultural dialogue.
Our organization is required therefore to help enlarge the spread of science and information through better education.
Yet science education does not take place only in universities and institutions of higher education. An early start must be made if we are to increase the numbers of students who are interested in pursuing a scientific career.
The uneven distribution of science and information between the industrialized and developing countries also raises concerns. According to a UN Report, industrialized countries, with only 15% of the world"s population, are home to 88% of all Internet users. Less than 1% of people in South Asia are online, even though it is home to one-fifth of the world"s population, The situation is even worse in Africa. There are only one million Internet users on the entire continent whereas in the UK alone there are 10.5 million. In other words, capacity-building is vital for the developing world if they are to become knowledge societies.
These are some of the key issues that I hope you will discuss during the upcoming meeting. In particular, I am keen to hear your views on how this meeting can make a difference and, indeed, how science and information can make a difference in building knowledge societies.
Thank you.
It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you to this meeting on such an important issue as science, information and society.
Today, science and information are opening up new horizons for human development. They do so through the exchange of scientific knowledge, the expansion of education and training, and the promotion of creativity and intercultural dialogue.
Our organization is required therefore to help enlarge the spread of science and information through better education.
Yet science education does not take place only in universities and institutions of higher education. An early start must be made if we are to increase the numbers of students who are interested in
pursuing a scientific career.
The uneven distribution of science and information between the industrialized and developing countries also raises concerns. According to a UN Report, industrialized countries, with only 15% of the world"s population, are home to 88% of all Internet users. Less than 1% of people in South Asia are online, even though it is home to one-fifth of the world"s population, The situation is even worse in Africa. There are only one million Internet users on the entire continent whereas in the UK alone there are 10.5 million. In other words, capacity-building is vital for the developing world if they are to become knowledge societies.
These are some of the key issues that I hope you will discuss during the upcoming meeting. In particular, I am keen to hear your views on how this meeting can make a difference and, indeed, how science and information can make a difference in building knowledge societies.
Thank you.
(分数:-1.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:()
解析:欢迎各位出席这次关于科学、信息与社会这一重要问题的会议。

今天,科学和信息为人类发展开辟了新的前景。

科学和信息可以促进科学知识的交流,扩大教育和培训的规模,促进创新和不同文化之间的对话。

因此,本组织有必要通过改善教育状况来扩大科学和信息的覆盖范围。

然而,科学教育不应该仅仅局限在高等院校中。

我们必须从儿童抓起,才能使越来越多的学生愿意从事科学工作。

工业化国家(发达国家)和发展中国家之间科学与信息分配不均衡的问题也值得关注。

联合国的一份报告指出,全球上网人数的88%集中在发达国家,虽然这些国家的人口只占世界人口总数的15%。

尽管南亚地区的人口占世界总人口的五分之一,但其中只有不到1%的人使用英特网。

非洲的情况更为糟糕,整个非洲大陆使用英特网的人数只有一百万,而在英国一个国家,上网的人数就多达一千零五十万。

换言之,如果发展中国家要建设知识社会,就必须加强自身的能力建设。

我希望在即将召开的会议上,你们能讨论上述这些重要问题。

我特别希望了解的是,你们认为科学和信息对于建设知识社会能起什么作用,以及本次会议在这方面能发挥什么作用。

谢谢大家。

三、Part Ⅲ(总题数:1,分数:40.00)
3.中国在2001年加入世界贸易组织后,上海成了全国的金融中心,并取得了迅猛发展,特别是浦东新区,实现了巨大变化。

现代上海随处可见的是起重机。

一座座摩天大厦拔地而起,其中不乏世界最高的楼。

上海处于中国东海岸的中部,距长江入东海的入海口仅20公里。

由于通航,上海几个世纪以来都是贸易中心。

而同时上海并没有因为着眼经济增长而忽略高雅文化的发展。

上海博物馆、艺术馆、大剧院等著名机构使上海在文化方面独领风骚。

中国在2001年加入世界贸易组织后,上海成了全国的金融中心,并取得了迅猛发展,特别是浦东新区,实现了巨大变化。

现代上海随处可见的是起重机。

一座座摩天大厦拔地而起,其中不乏世界最高的楼。

上海处于中国东海岸的中部,距长江入东海的入海口仅20公里。

由于通航,上海几个世纪以来都是贸易中心。

而同时上海并没有因为着眼经济增长而忽略高雅文化的发展。

上海博物馆、艺术馆、大剧院等著名机构使上海在文化方面独领风骚。

(分数:40.00)
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:()
解析:When China entered the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, Shanghai became the country"s financial center. Its development is fast, particularly in the Pudong New District, which is undergoing great changes.
Modem Shanghai is a mass of cranes, from which huge skyscrapers, some of the world"s highest, soar to the sky.
Shanghai is located halfway up the eastern coast of China, just 20 km from where the Yangtzi River empties into the East China Sea. Accessible by river, the city has been a trading centre for centuries.
Being an economic powerhouse, Shanghai is not short of high culture. Prestigious institutions, such as the Shanghai Museum, Art Museum and Grand Theatre, give the city an edge. [解析]
本文是一段关于现代上海的讲话。

文章介绍了上海的地理、地位、经济发展、文化发展等几个方面。

作为中国金融中心的上海在经济、文化等方面都取得了非常快速的发展。

本文要求应试者了解一些经济、文化方面的基础背景知识、常用词汇、著名机构等。

汉语是意合语言,通过意义本身保持句子间、句子内的联系,没有严格的语法限制,汉语少用连接成分。

在转化为英语时,需要注意变通,增加连接词汇,英语主要通过词汇手段来完成句子间、句子内的联系。

■基本素质采分点
下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点,涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等,是应试者理解、翻译的关键。

1.浦东新区 Pudong New District
2.中国东海岸 eastern coast of China
3.上海博物馆 Shanghai Museum
4.艺术馆 Art Museum
5.大剧院 Grand Theatre
■结构理解采分点
下面是本文出现的长难句,要求应试者迅速理解句子大意,分析出句子中所包含的意群,转换成通顺、地道的目的语。

在这个转换的过程中,应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。

1.中国在2001年加入世界贸易组织后,上海成了全国的金融中心,并取得了迅猛发展。

特别是浦东新区,实现了巨大变化。

原文是两个句子,第一个句子介绍了上海地位及发展,第二个句子特别指出了上海的浦东新区。

在英语中,特别提出的部分通常不能独立成句,在翻译时,需要根据英语的这一习惯,重新组织句子意群,第一句介绍地位,第二句介绍发展。

此外,在处理时间状语时,按照英语表达习惯,移至从句末。

2.现代上海随处可见的是起重机。

一座座摩天大厦拔地而起,其中不乏世界最高的楼。

原文是两个句子,第一句句末的起重机和第二句有密切联系,翻译时,可以通过定语从句的形式将两个句子连接成一个主从复合句。

此外,汉语中用来形容摩天大厦,可以说“拔地而起”,也可以说“高耸入云”,两者表达的意思相同,只是思维的角度不同;翻译成英语,都可以采用“soar to the sky”。

3.上海处于中国东海岸的中部,距长江入东海的入海口仅20公里。

在表达地理位置时,根据汉语习惯,是从大到小的顺序;根据英语习惯则是从小到大的顺序。

在处理“中国东海岸的中部”时,应按照从后往前的顺序,翻译为“halfway up the eastern coast of China”。

4.而同时上海并没有因为着眼经济增长而忽略高雅文化的发展。

原句中文句子结构分析如下:(主语)上海+(谓语)没有忽略+(宾语)发展;处理谓语“没有忽略”时,可以根据英语表达习惯,从客体意识出发,转换为“is not short of”。

5.上海博物馆、艺术馆、大剧院等著名机构使上海在文化方面独领风骚。

原句中文句子的主干是:著名机构使上海独领风骚;在列举时,汉语习惯,先列举再归类,英语则与之相反。

根据英语表达习惯,在列举机构时,应该将具体机构名称移至后面。

■言语表达采分点
应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思,还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。

1.世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization (WTO)
2.金融中心 financial center 3.巨大变化 great changes 4.起重机 crane
5.摩天大厦 huge skyscrapers 6.拔地而起 soar to the sky 7.东海 the East China Sea 8.通航 accessible by river 9.贸易中心 trading centre 10.高雅文化 high culture。

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