2020-2021学年雷州市附城中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案

2020-2021学年雷州市附城中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The following 4 famous paintings, from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece, have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery,London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital nearSaint-Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween 1889 and 1890. When theMuseumofModern ArtinNew York Citypurchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector fromAntwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art inNew York Citysince 1919.
Guernica
Guernica,a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo National Centro de Arte ReinaSofiainMadrid.
1. What do the four paintings have in common?
A. They are oil paintings.
B. They are kept inNew York.
C. They show different people’s lives.
D. They are created during 10th century to 19th century.
2. What do we know about The Starry Night?
A. It shows the scenery of a small hillside village.
B. Van Gogh produced it when living in his home.
C. A private collector gave it away to the museum.
D. It was not famous before 1941.
3. Whose painting shows the destruction of war?
A. Jan van Eyck.
B. Vincent van Gogh.
C. Pieter Bruegel.
D. Pablo Picasso.
B
This is Scientific America's 60-Second Science. I am Christopher Intagliata.
The Apollo missions brought back 842 pounds of rock and soil from the moon, that's nearly 2200 different samples. But the most interesting one, according to a scientist Meenakshi Wadhwa, is a sample named "Apollo 1-0-0-8-5collected by Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.
“He was about to step back into the lunar module(登月舱) when he turned around and saw there were little spaces in the rock box. He knew that geologists on earth would be just so excited to study these materials, so he just scooped up nine scoops(勺) of soil and put it into the box." Wadhwa explained.
It was one of the most well studied samples of the Apollo missions. And a geologist named John Wood noticed white flecks(微粒) of rock in the soil, which inspired him to dig deeper into the moon's ancient past.
“This was quite a leap of imagination — he proposed that the whole of the moon had been almost covered with a magma(岩浆) ocean nearly 4.5 billion years ago. This was a revolutionary idea at the time, because people had thought the moon had formed cold, so it completely changed our idea how the moon formed.”
But Wadhwa has a more personal reason to appreciate this sample. She met her husband Scott Parazynski also because of this rock sample. Scott, a mountaineer at that time, wanted to climbMount Everestwith a moon rock while Wadhwa was the chairman of the NASA committee that gives access to the samples for scientific purposes.
Neil Armstrong's last-minute scoop of moon dust brought two people together here on Earth and upturned our understanding of how the moon — and the Earth itself-got here.
Thank you for listening for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.
4. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that ________ .
A. Neil Armstrong was excited to find the soil
B. the spaceship was about to land on the moon
C. Sample "Apollo1-008-5" was collected at the last minute
D. scientists were not satisfied with the samples brought back by Neil
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A. Scott made a new proposal about the moon's origin.
B. The Apollo missions brought back 842 rock samples.
C. "Apollo 1-0-0-8-5" brought new evidence to the moon's formation.
D. Wadhwa and her husband climbedMount Everestwith a moon rock.
6. What is this text?
A. A short interview.
B. An introduction to a scientist.
C. An inspiring speech.
D. A broadcast story of a program.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. A romantic story of a moon rock.
B. A big leap made by Neil Armstrong.
C. An unusual task for Apollo missions.
D. An unexpected discovery in moon exploration.
C
Trees are “social creature” that communicate with each other in cooperative ways that hold lessons for humans, too, ecologist Suzanne Simard says. Simard grew up in Canadian forests as a child of loggers before becoming an ecologist. She's now a professor of forest ecology at theUniversityofBritish Columbia.
Trees are linked to neighboring trees by a network of fungi below the surface of the earth that resembles the nervous networks in the brain, she explains. In one study, Simard watched as a Douglas fir tree that had been injured by insects appeared to send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby. The pine tree then produced defense enzymes to protect against the insect.
“This was a breakthrough,” Simard says. The trees were sharing “information that actually is important to the health of the whole forest.”
In addition to warning each other of danger, Simard says that trees have been known to share nutrients at critical times to keep each other healthy. She says the trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree she calls a “mother” or “hub” tree.
“In connecting with all the trees of different ages, the mother trees can actually ease the growth of these young trees,” she says. “The young trees will link into the network of the old trees and benefit from that huge resource capacity. And the old trees would also pass a little bit of carbon and nutrients and water to the young trees, at crucial times in their lives, that actually help them survive.”
The study of trees took on a new resonance for Simard when she suffered from breast cancer. During her treatment, she learned that one of the medicines she relied on was actually obtained from what some trees produce for their own mutual defense. She explains her research on cooperation in the forest, and shares her personal story in the new bookFinding the Mother Tree: Discovering the Wisdom of theForest.
8. How could a Douglas fir tree send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby?
A. By an underground network of fungi.
B. By the nervous networks in the brain.
C. By making cooperation with each other.
D. By holding lessons to it as human beings.
9. According to Simard, what was a breakthrough?
A. Simard was-brought up in Canadian forests.
B. She became a professor of forest ecology.
C. The pine tree produced defense enzymes.
D. Vital information was shared among trees.
10. What helped Simard understand trees further?
A. Her rich knowledge of trees.
B. Her childhood in the forest.
C. Her medicine gained from trees.
D. Her research on cooperation.
11. In Simard's book we may discover the wisdom of the forest except .
A. communicating cooperatively
B. warning each other of danger
C. sharing nutrientsat critical times
D. sacrificing mother trees for survival
D
When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood，he wasbetter off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys fromBoston. The study
showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence（能力）and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, ” said George Vaillant, the psychologist（心理学家）who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings（基础）of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”
12. What do we know about John？
A. He received little love from his family.
B. He had few childhood playmates.
C. He enjoyed his career and marriage.
D. He was envied by others in his childhood.
13. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _______.
A. a description of personal values and social values
B. an analysis of how work was related to competence
C. an example for parents' expectations of their children
D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
14. Vaillant's team got their findings by _______.
A. recording the boys' effort in school
B. comparing different sets of scores
C. evaluating the men's mental health
D. measuring the men's problem solving ability
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Competent adults know more about love than work.
B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D.Independenceis the key to one's success.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项It was midday on August24 inthe year 79.____16____In the crowded market, shoppers cried and pointed atMount Vesuvius, the huge volcano near the city. Ash and smoke were shooting 30 kilometers into the sky from the volcano. The thick ash turned everything black. People couldn't see the sun. All the landmarks disappeared. The people could not see where to go or how to escape.____17____Other people hid and became trapped in their homes. The ash did not stop falling. It got deeper and deeper, blocking doors and building.
Around midnight, hot clouds of ash, rock, and harmful gas rushed down the mountain, and destroyed everything in their way.____18____The terrible eruption was finished.
The ruins ofPompeiitoday are like a trip back in time. The volcanic ash kept buildings, art and even the forms of people who died. You can see important buildings and beautiful homes where wealthy people used to live.____19____Bakeries still have bread in the oven. Kitchens a till have pots on the stove. Walls still have love notes, pictures, and other messages.
Now, almost 2,000 years later, three million people Live near Vesuvius.Pompeiiis ancient history, but the volcano will probably erupt again.____20____They will try to warn peopleofan eruption and prevent another disaster like the one that destroyedPompeii.
A. You can also look into other people's lives.
B. Today, we know a lot about that terrible day.
C. Some people took money and ran for their lives.
D. By 7 o'clock the next morning, Vesuvius andPompeiiwere silent.
E. There was a deafening noise, and the city ofPompeiistarted to shake.
F. Pompeii was destroyed after a volcanic eruption killed thousands of people.
G. No one knows when it will happen, but scientists are watching the volcano very carefully.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I was 16 years oldand on a weeklong trip to visit a Seminary college inIowa. On the____21____, our group had stopped inChicagofor a few days. We were staying in a building____22____by the church on the south side of the city and had been____23____not to go out alone. It wasn't long, though, before I was feeling____24____and decided to sneak out(溜出去)for a short walk. I was____25____down a street when I saw a man____26____on the sidewalk, whose clothes were worn(破旧的)and skin was____27____. I had never seen a____28____person before. Then my mind flashed back and I realized I had____29____a homeless person once before: Me.
It was a summer night in my 11th year when the home where I____30____caught fire in the middle of the night. I can still remember all of us standing outside while the____31____destroyed everything we owned.____32____, our small town community helped us, offering us____33____and care. They fed us, brought us____34____, and within a few days helped our dad to____35____a temporary(暂时的)house. A few months later our community helped us to finance a____36____home. I could remember feeling loved and blessed even after____37____so much. The homeless man sitting in front of me, however, had no one to love and help him. I could see the____38____and despair in his eyes. I only had a few dollars left in my____39____but I didn't hesitate.
I bent down and____40____it to him, talked with him, touched his hand, and wished him well before I left.
21. A. street B. route C. way D. path
22. A. owned B. designed C. selected D. decorated
23. A. forced B. warned C. informed D. led
24. A. bored B. disappointed C. nervous D. excited
25. A. running B. driving C. jumping D. walking
26. A. standing B. lying C. sitting D. dancing
27. A. sensitive B. smooth C. soft D. dirty
28. A. hopeless B. homeless C. careless D. selfless
29. A. seen B. dreamed C. rescued D. performed
30. A. thought over B. ran around C. fell down D. grew up
31. A. fire B. rain C. storm D. earthquake
32. A. Gradually B. Actually C. Thankfully D. Properly
33. A. pity B. love C. source D. finance
34. A. food B. clothes C. water D. fruit
35. A. rent B. buy C. check D. search
36. A. personal B. mobile C. secure D. new
37. A. devoting B. charging C. losing D. requesting
38. A. determination B. relief C. tiredness D. sadness
39. A. hand B. box C. wallet D. room
40. A. sent B. handed C. packed D. rewarded
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
There are no precise___41.___(criterion) that can be used to judge what is beautiful. As the anthropologist (人类学家) Margaret Mead once put___42.___, standards and ideas of beauty change across time. Nowadays, some costumes and actions once___43.___(regard) as beauty in the 19thcentury are not considered healthy or attractive, while something___44.___(fashion) now had different functions in the past.
There is no consistent view on beauty, as beauty is influenced by culture and it is even___45.___(whole) different in the eyes of beholders. In some countries, young women follow slimming diets to lose extra kilos___46.___preparation for their wedding day. In other cultures, looking thin for a husband-to-be is not___47.___a woman desires at all.
___48.___different, one thing is certain-it is inner beauty that requires us to truly see. Beauty, that is to say,___49.___(accompany) by an attraction to something deeper within a person, ___50.___can be found in a wide range of personal qualities.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Jenny is one of my best friend who I grew up with from the age of 2. However, she moved toItaly9 years ago because a change in her parents' work. Last year she came back to our hometown in his summer vacation. Missed her so much, I immediately went to the airport to picking her up. On meeting, we tight hugged each other. We
started to talk about the past joy moments we shared together. She brings a memorial little sculpture of our favorite cartoon character in our childhood but the newly updated series of the novels to me as gifts. How a kind and considerate she was!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.你班将进行一场关于中国高铁(high-speed railway)的作用及意义的班会，班主任请你做一个简单发言。

现请你结合以下要点写一篇英语发言稿。

1.高铁让出行更加方便快捷；
2.高铁让世界变小。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. A
2. D
3. D
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. D
8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D
12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B
16. E 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. G
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32.
C 33. B 34. B 35. A 36.
D 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B
41. criteria
42. it 43. regarded
44. fashionable
45. wholly 46. in
47. what 48. However
49. is accompanied
50. which
51.(1).friend→ friends
(2).because 后加of
(3).his→ her
(4).Missed→ Missing
(5).picking→ pick
(6).tight→ tightly
(7).joy→ joyful
(8).brings→ brought
(9).but→ and
(10).去掉a 52.略。