2020-2021年 阅读理解(人生百味)单元测试题(含答案)(word)1

2020-2021年阅读理解（人生百味）单元测试题(含答案)（word）1
一、九年级中考英语阅读理解（人生百味）（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I thought that the act of writing is the coolest thing in the world.
Years later, during her final illness, my mother kept different things for my sister and my brother.“ But the desk，” She said, “it's for Helen.”
Although I knew she loved me and she only showed it in action, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter. But they never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional （易动感情的）”，but she lived “on the surface”．
I had my own family later. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she forgave me. I posted the letter and waited for her answer. It didn't come.
My hope turned to disappointment, then little interest and finally, peace—it seemed that nothing happened. I wasn't even sure if the letter had got to mother. I only knew that I had written it, and I never heard from her!
Now the present of her desk told, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside—a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times.
Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words.
（1）The writer began to love her mother's desk ________.
A. when mother gave it to her
B. before she was badly ill
C. when she was a child
D. after mother died
（2）From the passage, we can know that the writer's mother ________.
A. was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter
B. was too serious about everything her daughter had done
C. cared much about her daughter in words
D. wrote to her daughter in careful words
（3）The un derlined word “gulf” means “________” in Chinese.
A. 理解
B. 鸿沟
C. 沟通
D. 港湾（4）What did mother do with her daughter's letter asking forgiveness?
A. She had never received the letter.
B. For years, she often talked about the letter.
C. She didn't forgive her daughter at all in all her life.
D. She read the letter again and again till she died.
（5）What's the best title of the passage?
A. My Letter to Mother
B. Mother and Children
C. My Mother's Desk
D. Talks between Mother and Me
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文叙述了作者的妈妈是从事写作的，经常看见妈妈在课桌旁忙碌，所以作者在小的时候，就喜欢妈妈的桌子了，妈妈也了解女儿的心思，在去世前把课桌留给了她，作者给妈妈的信也在课桌里找到了。

课桌寄托了作者对妈妈的思念之情。

（1）细节理解题。

根据I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat writing letters. 可知，自从作者长到和桌子差不多高的时候，就喜欢上了妈妈的桌子，说明作者在小的时候，就喜欢妈妈的桌子了。

故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据短文第三段可知，作者的妈妈虽然爱作者，但是她只是付诸于行动，表面是冷漠的，但是内心是对作者很好的。

故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据Although I knew she loved me and she only showed it in action, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter. But they never happened.因为妈妈没有和作者进行了交心的谈话，所以推测应该妈妈和女儿之间出现了鸿沟，故选B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside—a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times.可知，作者给妈妈写的信被叠了很多次，说明妈妈看了许多次，故选D。

（5）标题归纳题。

根据短文的内容可知，文章围绕妈妈的课桌写的，作者从小就喜欢妈妈的课桌，妈妈在去世前把课桌留给了作者，作者对课桌也充满了感情，同时也寄托了对妈妈的感情寄托。

故选C。

【点评】标题是文章中心思想的精炼表达，多为词组或短语，涵盖性强。

做这类题目时，要在阅读全文的基础上，以文章话题为核心，通过比较选项的概括性或覆盖面，得出正确的标题。

正确标题的归纳范围要恰如其分，避免过于具体或断章取义。

错误的干扰往往是局部信息，以事实，细节替代，概括大意。

5题干扰性最大的选项是A，作者给妈妈的信是短文后来提到的，并非贯穿短文内容的。

2．阅读理解
It was a full moon night. A thief was getting ready to steal something from a villager's house. He got to the house, and then went inside quietly. By the moonlight outside, he entered a dark room.He could not even see his own hands or feet. But on the wall near the roof, there was a
ventilator（通风设备）.The moon created a circle of light on it. The thief brought a cloth with him in order to get together all the things he hoped to steal. He spread it out on the floor and went inside the storeroom, where all the things were kept.
He didn't know that the owner of the house was awake and watching. As soon as the thief went inside the storeroom, he got up quickly from his bed, and picked up the cloth which the thief had spread out. He came back to his bed, which was in one dark corner of the room, and waited for the thief to come out.
At the same time, the thief went on collecting the things he wanted and threw them on the floor where he knew he had spread out the cloth. Soon there was a little mountain in the center of the room. Then the thief looked around for the end of the cloth to tie up the stolen things. At that time, the house owner let out a big groan--a deep groan. The thief was so scared that he hurried to run away. The thief not only failed to steal. But also lost his cloth.
（1）From the passage we can learn that the thief was to steal something from a villager's house .
A. in the afternoon
B. in the morning
C. at night
D. at noon
（2）The underlined word “groan” means “”.
A. .呼吸
B. 呻吟般的声音
C. 休息
D. 铃声（3）What of the following statements is not true according to the passage?
A. The thief spread the cloth out on the floor and went inside.
B. The thief was so scared after the house owner let out a big groan.
C. The owner of the house asleep .
D. The thief not only failed to steal, but also lost his cloth.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了一个小偷半夜溜进一家房子，准备偷东西后来主人醒了，小偷被吓跑，什么也没偷到的故事。

（1）细节推理题。

根据“ It was a full moon night. A thief was getting ready to steal something from a villager's house. ”可知小偷是晚上才进去偷东西的，故选c
（2）细节推理题。

根据“At that time, the house owner let out a big groan--a deep groan. The thief was so scared that he hurried to run away. ”可知小偷是听得到了一声呻吟，才吓跑了，故选b
（3）细节推理推题。

通读全文可知，主任没有睡着，后来发现了小偷，才吓跑小偷。

故选c
【点评】这种故事阅读类的文章，重点在于读懂故事讲得大概内容，找到题干和选项对应的重点句子，比较分析，逐一排除
3．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

As December comes to an end, you think about the new year and all the ways you want to improve your life. But as you start to write down your hopes for the new year, you think about the last year. You excitedly write down all the changes you are going to make, but by the end of January those ideas get lost in your busy life.
Here's a suggestion: Forget the too big, hard to achieve goals and just think about the small ones. “We often think that we have to do everything in big steps, even though it's so hard for us to reach it, said Robert Maurer, who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life. “What we try to do is to begin with such a small step that we can't find any excuse not to do it.”
“Kaizen”, a Japanese word, is used to mean to change behavior and attitudes. During World WarⅡ, American factory managers were able to increase productivity by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes. After the war, the idea was brought to a rebuilding Japan. It made Japan develop fast. The Japanese called it “Kaizen”, which means “improvement”. Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it. “Kaizen” could possibly help people succeed in doing everything.
（1）Robert Maurer wrote a book to tell us ______.
A. we should do everything in big steps
B. how to change one's life with one small step
C. we should try a lot of sudden changes
D. how to find a small step without any excuse （2）The underlined part “increase productivity” in the passage means “______”.
A. 提高生产率
B. 增加成本
C. 增加出口量
D. 提高待遇（3）The writer of the passage suggests we should ______.
A. make changes at the end of the year
B. do few experiments with “Kaizen”
C. do things with hard to achieve goals
D. take a tiny step to achieve big goals
（4）Which of the following is TRUE from the passage?
A. You can achieve your goals if you are not too busy.
B. Robert Maurer studied “kaizen” and found it helpful.
C. You can't find any excuse not to reach a big goal.
D. “Kaizen” was brought to Japan during World WarⅡ.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了应忘记太大的、难以实现的目标，只想想小的目标，一步步地去实现它。

（1）B细节理解题。

根据who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life （最近写了一本书《一小步可以改变你的生活》）可知，故选B
（2）A细节理解题。

根据by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes（通过尝试一个小的、持续的进步来代替突然地改变）可知，选A
（3）D细节理解题。

根据Forget the too big, hard-to-achieve goals and just think about the small ones（忘记太大的、难以实现的目标，只想想小的）可知，本题选D
（4）B细节理解题。

根据Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it（莫勒学习了这个主意，然后做了一些实验）可知，本题选B
【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。

看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

4．阅读理解
Life is full of miracles. They surround us every day. One of these miracles happened to me recently. I was filling my car's tank at a local gas station. It was only 10 A.M. but I already felt tired. It was a cloudy, gloomy and rainy day and I hadn't slept well the night before. After I paid for the gas I turned my car towards the main road. I looked right and left then my brain sent the signal for my foot to push on the gas pedal but nothing happened. Shocked, I shook my head to clear it and gazed down at my foot.
Just as I did, though, a truck rushed past my car doing 60 mph. My weary eyes hadn't seen it when I had looked just 2 seconds earlier. If I had been pulling out when I should have been, my little green car would have been smashed and I would have most likely been killed. I sat there for a long time quietly thanking God for sparing my life before pulling out on the road and heading home. This time both my brain and foot worked perfectly.
As I looked back on that moment later I still couldn't understand it. Did God prevent my brain's signal from reaching my foot? Did an angel hold my toes to keep them from pressing on the gas? One question kept coming back into my mind as well: why? Why did I get this miracle? Why did God spare my life this day? Finally, I felt the answer forming deep within my heart and mind. I heard the words coming from my soul saying: “You still have more to do. Your work is not done yet!”
Richard Bach wrote: “Here is the test to find if your mission on Earth is finished: if you are ali ve it isn't.” Wake up each day then knowing that your mission isn't done yet. You have more love to share, more people to help, more kindness to give. You have one more day to be the miracle God meant for you to be.
（1）The underlined word “gloomy” probably means_________.
A. windy.
B. sunny.
C. overcast.
D. cool.
（2）After the writer paid for the gas, he planned to________.
A. sat in the car for a rest.
B. look right and left.
C. shake his head to clear it.
D. push on the gas pedal to turn his car towards the main road.（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The writer's green car was smashed by a truck.
B. There is something wrong with writer's gas pedal.
C. An angel holds the writer's toes to keep them from pressing on the gas.
D. The writer's foot didn't push on the gas pedal.
（4）What's the writer's attitude towards life?
A. The writer is positive towards life.
B. The writer is passive towards life.
C. The writer doesn't show his attitude.
D. The writer takes a neutral （中立的） attitude towards life.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者在刚加完油准备驶入主路的时候，由于前一天睡眠不好，脑子和脚不协调没有踩加速油门，这个迟钝的动作缺救了他一命，躲过了一个飞速行驶的卡车。

作者由此感谢上苍给他了眷顾，认为这是一个奇迹。

⑴词义猜测。

windy有风的；sunny晴朗的；overcast阴的；cool凉爽的。

根据句意：是一个阴的，……下雨的天。

因此gloomy与cloudy和rainy是近义词，是让人不舒服的天气，故选C。

⑵细节理解。

根据第一段After I paid for the gas I turned my car towards the main road可知他要上主路，故选D。

⑶细节理解。

根据 I looked right and left then my brain sent the signal for my foot to push on the gas pedal but nothing happened可知我的大脑发出信号，让脚踩油门踏板，但是什么都没发生。

说明作者的脚没有听从大脑的指挥去才油门，根据第二段最后一句This time both my brain and foot worked perfectly.可以印证之前脚没有听大脑的指挥。

故选D。

⑷推理判断。

根据最后一段Wake up each day then knowing that your mission isn't done yet. You have more love to share, more people to help, more kindness to give. You have one more day to be the miracle God meant for you to be. 可知作者每天醒来，知道自己的任务没有完成，有更多的爱去分享，更多的人去帮助，更多的善意要给，还有上帝将奇迹给你的一天。

所有作者对生活是积极的态度。

故选A。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解
A few months ago, a friend of mine told me something about a woman named Virginia Feigles. Virginia Feigles had always planned to go to college. She couldn't make her dream come true when she was young because her parents were poor. She got married early, and soon became a
mother. Year after year, time passed quickly. But Feigles never forgot her dream. After working as a hairdresser （理发师） for twenty years, she finally decided to change her life, when she was already forty-four.
Feigles first went to a night school to learn high school lessons. After a few months, she applied （申请）to Bucknell University. It was hard for her to study in the university. She couldn't understand what the teacher taught in class. She also had to work at night. After work, she kept learning until very late. She thought about giving up many times, but she never really did that. After a lot of such hard days, Feigles graduated （毕业）successfully and soon became an engineer!
I heard this story when I was at the bottom of my life. I was no longer young and I lost my job. Feigles' story inspired （激励）me a lot! "If Virginia can do it, I can too!" I decided to make some change to my life, too!
（1）How old was Virginia Feigles when she started working as a hairdresser?
A. 20.
B. 24.
C. 30.
D. 44.
（2）The underlined part "did that" can be replaced by "_______".
A. stopped studying in the university
B. gave up her job
C. stopped teaching in the school
D. worked as an engineer
（3）It can be inferred（推断） that __________________________.
A. Feigles' family was rich when she was young.
B. Feigles didn't have children.
C. It was easy for Feigles to study in the university.
D. Feigles' story made a difference to the writer's life.
（4）From the passage we can learn that___________________.
A. it's expensive to go to college
B. it's never too late to learn
C. anyone can be an engineer
D. parents are the best teachers
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了几个月前，我的一个朋友告诉我关于Virginia Feigles的故事。

她直到44岁才开始下决心改变自己的生活，并开始学习高中和大学的课程，通过自己的努力奋斗，最终成为了一名工程师。

（1）细节题，题意：Virginia Feigles开始当美发师的时候多大年龄了？根据第二段，After working as a hairdresser （理发师） for twenty years, she finally decided to change her life, when she was already forty-four.可知她44岁的时候已经当理发师20年了，所以她最初开始当美发师的时候是24岁，故选B。

（2）推断题，题意：划线部分"did that" 可以被下列哪个选项替代？根据划线词前面的but，可知表示转折，but前后意思相反。

联系上文Feigles申请在大学学习，她有很多次都想放弃，但是从来没有真的这样去做，指她没有停止在大学的学习，故选A。

（3）推断题，题意：根据文章内容，下列哪个选项可以被推断出来。

根据第二段She
couldn't make her dream come true when she was young because her parents were poor.可知A项错误。

根据第二段She got married early, and soon became a mother.可知B项错误。

根据第三段she applied （申请） to Bucknell University. It was hard for her to study in the university. 可知C项错误。

根据末段Feigles' story inspired （激励） me a lot!和I decided to make some change to my life, too!可知Feigles的故事对作者的生活起到了作用，所以D项正确，故选D。

（4）主旨题，题意：从这篇文章中我们可以知道什么。

本文主要讲述Virginia Feigles直到44岁才开始决定改变她的生活，不畏困难地开始学习高中和大学的课程，并努力奋斗，最终成为了工程师的故事。

所以B项“活到老，学到老”最符合本文的主旨，其他三项并不能从文中得出，均错误，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，注意细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解
When I was ten, my mother worked all day so I had to take care of my younger brother. At that time my little brother was about four years old and he missed mum all the time.
One day, after I had given him his dinner, he started crying for mum. He was so young and really needed mum. So I dressed him, put on his shoes, carried him on my back and walked out. Soon he fell asleep. About half an hour later, I found that he had lost a shoe while sleeping. I took him off my back and put him down. I knew we needed to find that shoe, for our mother couldn't afford new shoes. We had to go back to find it, so I told my brother to wait right there. A man heard it and stopped me just before I walked off. He asked me, "You are leaving your brother here to find the shoe? What would you do if he is not here when you return?" I did not know how to answer that question. He continued, "It's OK if you can't find the shoe, but it is not OK to lose your brother." Then he sent us to mum's workplace by taxi.
I have depended on（依靠） the kindness of many strangers in my whole life, I feel regretful that I can't find them and say thank you. I do not even remember what the man's face looked like, but he taught me a lesson—people are more important than things.
（1）Why did the younger brother cry for his mother?
A. Because he was hungry.
B. Because he missed his mother.
C. Because he wanted to sleep.
D. Because he wanted to play outside.
（2）What does the underlined word "regretful" in the last paragraph mean?
A. Sorry.
B. Excited.
C. Happy.
D. Angry.
（3）What did the man mean by saying "It's OK if you can't find the shoe, but it's not OK to lose your brother"?
A. People are more important than things.
B. Things are more important than people.
C. Both the shoe and your brother are important.
D. The shoe is more important than your brother.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者的妈妈整天工作，所以作者照顾弟弟，一天弟弟哭着找妈妈，作者背着弟弟出去了，结果把鞋子掉了，作者想丢下弟弟找鞋子，一位好心人告诉作者不要把弟弟独自丢下，并且带他们去找妈妈，这让作者明白了人比东西更重要。

（1）细节题。

根据he started crying for mum. He was so young and really needed mum.可知弟弟哭的原因是他想找妈妈了，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据 I can't find them and say thank you.可知作者没有找到帮助作者的那些好心人，并且也没有说谢谢，所以作者是内疚的，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据后文he taught me a lesson—people are more important than things.可知作者明白了人比东西更重要的道理，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解
Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they don't act in the romantic ways that I read in books or I see on TV. In their opinion, "I love you" is too luxurious for them to say. Sending flowers on Valentine's Day is even more out of the question.
One day, my mother was sewing a quilt（被子）."Mom, I have a question to ask you." "What?" she replied, still doing her work. "Is there love between you and Dad?"
My mother stopped her work and raised her head with surprise in her eyes. Then she said, "Susan, look at this thread. Sometimes it appears, but most of it disappears in the quilt. The thread really makes the quilt strong and durable. If life is a quilt, then love should be a thread. Love is inside."
I listened carefully but I couldn't understand until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly got sick seriously. After they were back from the hospital, my mother helped him walk slowly on the beautiful country road every morning. My father had never been so gentle. But after two months he still couldn't walk by himself. All of us were worried about him." Dad, how are you feeling now?" I asked him one day. "Susan, don't worry about me," he said gently. "To tell you the truth, I just like walking with your mom. "Reading his eyes, I know he loves my mother deeply.
Once I thought love meant flowers, gifts and sweet kisses. But from this experience, I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.
（1）Why does the writer NOT make sure whether there is love between her parents?
A. They don't act in the romantic ways.
B. They never say, "I love you".
C. They never send flowers to each other on Valentine's Day.
D. All of the above.
（2）When did the writer understand her mother's answer?
A. After her father got sick seriously.
B. Before her father got sick seriously.
C. After her mother gave her father some flowers.
D. After her father gave her mother some flowers.
（3）What does the underlined word "thread" mean in Chinese?
A. 针
B. 被子
C. 线
D. 爱
（4）Why couldn't her father walk by himself?
A. Because her father was seriously ill.
B. Because her father liked walking with his wife.
C. Because his father didn't get good treatment（治疗）.
D. Because his father had a bad temper（脾气）.
（5）What is the best title for the story?
A. Love Is Just a Thread
B. Love Is Just a quilt
C. Love Is to Say "I love you"
D. Love Is to Walk Together
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文讲述的是作者怀疑自己的父母之间是否有爱存在，因为他们之间从来没有浪漫的举动，没有鲜花和礼物。

但是他父亲生病之后，父母的表现让她知道了，爱是在内心里面的，就像做被子的线一样，让被子更结实更温暖。

（1）细节理解题。

根据短文的开头Every day they don't act in the romantic ways that I read in books or I s ee on TV. In their opinion, “I love you” is too luxurious for them to say. Sending flowers on Valentine’s Day is even more out of the question可知，作者怀疑他的父母之间是否有爱存在，原因是他们不像电视里看到的那样浪漫，也从来不说“我爱你”，在情人节的时候也不送花。

故A、B、C三项都包括。

故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

根据短文中I listened carefully but I couldn't understand until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly got sick seriously.可知，作者听了妈妈的回答，并不明白妈妈是什么意思，直到第二年春天，他的父亲突然生病，妈妈的行为才让他明白了妈妈的话是什么意思。

故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据上下文的意思和划线单词所在的句子可知，作者去问他妈妈问题
的时候，他妈妈在做被子。

quilt 是被子，所以B不对；又根据文中thread让被子更结实，故我们猜测它的意思应该是线。

故选C。

（4）细节理解题。

根据短文中“Susan, don't worry about me,”he said gently. “To tell you the truth, I just like walking with your mom.”可知，当作者问她的爸爸感觉如何的时候，她爸爸告诉她，他并不是不能走路，只是他喜欢和作者的妈妈一起散步。

故选B。

（5）主旨大意题。

这篇短文讲述的是作者怀疑自己的父母之间是否有爱存在，因为他们之间从来没有浪漫的举动，没有鲜花和礼物。

但是他父亲生病之后，父母的表现让她知道了，爱是在内心里面的，就像做被子的线一样，让被子更结实更温暖。

故应该选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读所给材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When the great library of Alexandria burned, the story goes, one book was saved. But it was not a valuable book, and a poor man got it.
The book wasn't very interesting, but between its pages there was something very interesting indeed. It was a thin strip of vellum（羊皮纸）on which was written the secret of the "Touchstone".
The touchstone was a small pebble（鹅卵石）that could turn any common metal into pure gold.
The writing explained that it was lying among thousands and thousands of other pebbles that looked exactly like it. But the secret was this. The real stone would feel warn, while ordinary pebbles are cold.
So the man sold his house, bought a tent, camped on the seashore, and began testing pebbles. He knew that if he picked up normal pebbles and threw them down again because they were cold, he might pick up the same pebbles hundreds of times. So, when he felt one that was cold, he threw it into the sea. He spent a whole day doing this but none of them was the touchstone. Yet he went on and on this way. Pick up a pebble. Cold—throw it into sea. Pick up another. Throw it into the sea. The days stretched into months and the months into years.
One day, however, about midafternoon, he picked up a pebble and it was warm. He threw it into the sea before he realized what he had done. He was used to throwing each pebble into the sea as soon as he picked it up. So when the one he wanted came along, he still threw it away.
So it is with opportunity（机会）. Unless we are vigilant, it's easy to fail to realize an opportunity when it is in hand and it's just as easy to throw it away.
（1）According to the passage, the touchstone is a stone __________.
A. that you can touch
B. that can turn common metal into pure gold
C. that can bring you thousands of pebbles
D. that can bring you good luck
（2）The man threw the touchstone into the sea because __________________.
A. it was cold
B. it was a normal pebble
C. he was too tired to hold it
D. he had formed a habit
（3）How did the man probably feel when he realized it was the touchstone?
A. Excited.
B. Moved.
C. Interested.
D. Regretted.（4）What's the meaning of the underlined word “vigilant” in the last paragraph?
A. Brave enough.
B. Hard—working enough.
C. Careful enough.
D. Strong enough.（5）What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Opportunity knocks but once.
B. Use it or lose it.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.
D. Practice makes perfect.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了亚历山大图书馆被烧毁后，一个穷人得到了仅存的一本书，书中介绍到：感觉温暖的鹅卵石可以让普通的金属变成金子。

他开始检测鹅卵石，每次都把凉的鹅卵石扔进大海里，最后他捡到了一颗温暖的鹅卵石，但是因为习惯，他像以前一样把石头扔进大海，最终才发现自己失去了一次机会。

（1）细节题。

根据The touchstone was a small pebble（鹅卵石）that could turn any common metal into pure gold.可知可以让普通的金属变成金子，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据He was used to throwing each pebble into the sea as soon as he picked it up.可知他习惯于把每一个鹅卵石扔进大海，故选D。

（3）推断题。

根据常识可知他意识到自己把温暖的鹅卵石扔进大海里时肯定感到后悔，regretted，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据后句可知失去机会是容易的，除非我们是仔细的，所以意思是仔细的，认真的，即careful，故选C。

（5）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了机会只有一次，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解
What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the impossible possible?
Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed
Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves
because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching might stop people from being creative and having new ideas.
Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect
Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. Stephen Jacobsen from Northwestern University believed what he was taught: that water on the Earth came from icy comets（封星）or planets which hit into the Earth.
However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acts like a sponge. This suggests that the Earth's water may have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activities.
"I had a pretty hard time making others believe it," he said." But think about the fact that you may be the first person to see something for the first time that doesn't happen very often. When it does, it's amazing."
Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way
Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency's "Philae", a robot landing craft, met up with Comet 67P, which is 480 million kilometres away. The trip from the Earth by "Philae" had taken ten years!
The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have been wasted.
When "Philae" tried to land, it bounced（弹起）away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, "Philae" landed successfully and began sending information back to the Earth.（1）Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg didn't finish college because .
A. they preferred to learn by themselves
B. they needed standard ways of teaching
C. their teachers didn't like their new ideas
D. their teachers weren't able to teach them
（2）In Lesson 2, the writer mainly wants to tell us that .
A. we should get answers from facts
B. we can believe what we are taught
C. it's hard to make others believe something
D. an expectation can help get an answer in research
（3）The example "Philae" in Lesson 3 shows that .
A. Comet 67P is not far away from the Earth
B. it took"Philae"20 years to reach Comet 67P
C. "Philae" landed on Comet 67P with a little luck
D. scientists knew nothing about the surface of Comet 67P
（4）The best title for this passage is " ".
A. Ways of discovering
B. Lessons for success
C. Ways of being special
D. Lessons for experiments。