[K12学习]2018版高考英语大一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识考点 Unit 4 Earthquak

Unit 4 Earthquakes
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Moreover，I can find out whether my reactions to ________ event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.(2016·江苏，任务型阅读) 2．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane，she found that her neighborhood ________(destroy)．(2016·北京，阅读B)
3．When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”，I ________(shock)．(2016·天津，阅读B)
4．Now，electric shock training and medical treatment are helping ________(rescue) these big birds.(2016·北京，阅读C)
5．You'll need a warm，________(shelter) place with perfect soil to grow it.(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读C)
6．Natalie's school was so ________(damage) that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.(2016·北京，阅读B)
7．While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges，we must also make it safe ________(express) opinions and challenge majority views.(2016·北京，阅读D)
8．A great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake ________(send)to live with families in other cities.
9．On arriving there，we expressed our ________(congratulate) to him on his success. 10．Upon graduation from school，how well will you ________(prepare) for the job that lies ahead?
答案 1.an 2.was destroyed 3.was shocked 4.to rescue 5.sheltered 6.damaged 7.to express 8.were sent 9.congratulations 10.be prepared
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)
1．It was both excited and frightening to be up there！(2016·浙江，短文改错) 2．I was trapped to telling the cheat all I knew.
3．It was such shock to hear that you were in an accident.
4．He was on the point of starting out while Harran cut in.
5．Following the girl，we went into a hall，on which walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.
6．As China develops fast and steadily，a number of foreigners is learning Chinese as a second language.
7．But the people of the city，they thought little of these events，went to bed as usual that night.
8．The express train arrived on schedule as usually.
9．Luckily for him，he survived from the car crash.
10．I want to make use of this opportunity to express congratulations in your success. 答案 1.excited→ex citing 2.to→into 3.shock前加a
4．while→when 5.which→whose 6.is→are7.they→ually→usual9.去掉from 10.in→on
Ⅲ.单元考点作文串记
(一)根据提示翻译句子
1．2014年8月3日，云南省鲁甸经历了一场特大地震。

(see)
___________________________________________________________________
2．许多车辆被困在路上。

(a number of，trap)
___________________________________________________________________
3．人们被迫步行去地震灾区。

(force，head for)
___________________________________________________________________
4．政府号召全体军民积极参与救援活动。

(call on，take part in)
___________________________________________________________________
5．我坚信：团结，我们就会强大。

(believe)
___________________________________________________________________
(二)加入适当过渡词，连句成篇
答案(一)1.On August 3rd，2014，Ludian，Yunnan Province saw an extreme earthquake. 2．A large number of vehicles were trapped on the roads.
3．People were forced to head for the earthquake-stricken area on foot.
4．The government called on all citizens and soldiers to take an active part in the rescues.
5．I firmly believe that united，we are strong.
(二)【参考范文】
On August 3rd，2014，Ludian，Yunnan Province saw an extreme earthquake.As a result，a large number of vehicles were trapped on the roads and people were forced to head for the earthquake-stricken area on foot.The government called on all citizens and soldiers to take an active part in the rescues.I firmly believe that united，we are strong.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Though larger cities were mostly spared，Sunday's tornadoes damaged some small towns in the middle of the U．S.One of the hardest hit was Van，Texas，a town of about 2，600 people located 70 miles southeast of Dallas.Winds there reached up to 140 miles per hour and damaged about 30 percent of the area.Weather experts say it was the strongest tornado to hit the town in more than 70 years.
Emergency workers in Van moved quickly to help those affected，but two people were killed and more than two dozen were injured by the tornado's winds.A driver in the nearby town of Corsicana was killed by floodwaters that had risen after the storm.
In Lake City，Iowa，a tornado tore the roof off South Central Calhoun High School.One hundred and fifty people had gathered in the safety of the school's basement，and all escaped without major harm.
Nine people were injured in the 130-mph winds of a tornado that touched down in Delmont，South Dakota，but tornadoes weren't the only severe weather that state saw on Sunday.Residents in the Black Hills region were faced with a late-spring snowfall of 10 to 18 inches.
Scientists measure tornadoes using the Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale.It categorizes tornadoes based on the amount of damage they cause and their estimated wind speed.EF1 tornadoes are the weakest，while EF5 tornadoes are the severest.The
tornado in Van was categorized as an EF3.
Although tornadoes can happen in any state，they are most common in the central U．S.This is why that part of the country is nicknamed (给……起绰号) Tornado Alley.Though this past weekend's storms were damaging，they were not abnormal for this time of year.More tornadoes hit the U．S.in May than in any other month，according to the National Weather Service (NWS)．
“We've had at least one tornado reported somewhere in the nation every day since May 2，” weather expert Greg Carbin said.“It's a dangerous time of year.”【语篇解读】本文是说明文。

龙卷风席卷了美国中部。

1．Which part of the U．S.was hit by tornadoes on Sunday?
A．The central part. B．The eastern part.
C．The western part. D．The southern part.
答案 A [细节理解题。

由第一段中的Sunday's tornadoes damaged some small towns in the middle of the U．S.可知，周日美国中部受到了龙卷风的袭击。

]
2．What happened to people in South Central Calhoun High School?
A．They were killed by floodwaters.
B．They survived the tornado luckily.
C．They were badly hurt by the storm.
D．They were not influenced by the tornado.
答案 B [推理判断题。

由第三段中的One hundred and fifty people had gathered in the safety of the school's basement，and all escaped without major harm可推断学校的人因为提前躲到了地下室里而很幸运地从龙卷风中幸存下来。

]
3．Which tornadoes are the strongest?
A．EF1 tornadoes. B．EF3 tornadoes.
C．EF4 tornadoes. D．EF5 tornadoes.
答案 D [细节理解题。

由倒数第三段中的while EF5 tornadoes are the severest 可知。

] 4．The nickname Tornado Alley is connected with________．
A．a weather expert
B．the area's climate
C．the area's landform
D．the creation of the EF Scale
答案 B [推理判断题。

由倒数第二段开头的Although tornadoes can happen in any state，they are most common in the central U．S....Tornado Alley可知，美国中部之所以有“龙卷风巷”的绰号是因为这一地区经常遭遇龙卷风。

据此可推断，该绰号和该地的气候有关系。

]
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
A young lady was standing on the corner with a map in her hand.She looked puzzled.__1__I wondered why.Maybe it was because of the way she was dressed.She wore a dirty dress and looked pale.
As I crossed the street and came closer to her I asked if she wanted help.__2__As it turned out she was looking for the hospital.I felt wonderful just reaching out，and taking that extra moment to help.
Many times in these situations I end up walking a person to where he or she is going when giving directions would be too complicated.__3__Many years ago，we travelled in Japan and needed directions.A kind Japanese who saw our problem came to us and helped us out.This man just took my heavy bags and guided us to where we needed to be.We could not speak any Japanese while the man could not speak any English.__4__
Sometimes when I do a special favor for a stranger，the person will say，“I hope I can do something for you one day to return the favor.”__5__But I hope that when they come across a situation where someone needs their help，they will be willing to reach out as well.
A．Although we could not communicate through words，we communicated through the heart. B．They already have done something for me by giving me the opportunity to help them. C．I like helping people this way due to my own experience.
D．Several people passed by，looked at her but did not stop.
E．It is never too late to do others a favor.
F．These words made me feel quite warm.
G．She thanked me and smiled in relief.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。

作者乐于助人是因为自己一次受人帮助的经历，他希望大家
都能在别人需要时伸出援助之手。

1．D [根据下文作者帮助这位女士可知，当时“很多人都从她身边经过并看着她，但没人停下脚步”。

]
2．G [有人来帮助自己，这位女士应该是“表示感谢并如释重负地笑了笑”。

]
3．C [根据本空后作者在日本旅游时的经历可知，C 项符合此处语境。

]
4．A [根据本空前一句可知，作者不会说日语，而那位男士不会说英语。

“尽管我们不能用语言沟通，但是我们通过心灵沟通”。

]
5．B [根据本空前后句内容可知，受作者帮助的人希望能回馈作者的恩惠，作者认为“他们已经给我机会让我去帮助他们”，不过我希望他们能在别人需要时也伸出援助之手。

] Ⅵ.短文改错
The girl I will always remember her is Mary ，who was my classmate seven year ago.She was quiet ，always greeted the teachers at our school and never spoke ill anyone.At that time ，all the kids in my class included me were impolite ，never listening to the teachers.Therefore ，Mary was always so polite.One day I asked her what she wasn't like the rest of us so what she told me changed the way I acted.She said ，“If you ever want to be respectful in life，you have to respect others.” Heard what she said ，I started respecting others more and telling another people what I had been told.
答案
The girl I will always remember her is Mary ，who was my classmate seven year years
ago.She was quiet ，always greeted the teachers at our school and never spoke ill of
anyone.At that time ，all the kids in my class included including me were impolite ，never listening to the teachers.Therefore However
，Mary was always so polite.One day I asked her what why she wasn't like the rest of us so and
what she told me changed the way I acted.She said ，“If you ever wan t to be respectful respected
in life ，you have to respect others.” Heard Hearing what she said ，I started respecting others more and telling another other people what I had been told.
Ⅶ.书面表达
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。

请你围绕“珍爱环境，保护地球”的主题用英语给全校学生写一份倡议书，内容包括：
1．保护环境的重要性；
2．个人应该如何做。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear friends，
Thanks.
【参考范文】
Dear__friends，
With the development of modern agriculture and industry，large quantities of waste gases are created every day，which are making the earth warmer and warmer.
Climate change may be a big problem，but there are many little things we can do to make a difference.For example，by turning off lights，televisions，and computers when we are not using them，we can help a lot.We can save energy by taking the bus，riding a bike，or walking.Planting trees is fun and a great way to reduce greenhouse gases.
Only by our joint efforts will we make the world a better place for us to live in.
Thanks.。