翻译理论

There are two regulatory systems which interact. One timing system comes from the evidence of our senses and stomachs, and the periodicity we experience when living in a particular time zone.
有两个调节系统相互作用。

一个定时系统来自于我们的感官和胃的证明，就是当我们生活在一个特定的时区所经历的周期性。

【译文】人体有两个相互作用的时间调节系统。

一个时间调节系统依据感官和胃发出信息，依据我们生活在某个时区所体验的周期性规律。

寻找对等词语和结构然后将其串接成句的翻译方法，常表现如下：
1.简单语句的译文虽然生硬，但基本可读。

如：
I can see three different types of composers in musical history, each of whom creates music in a somewhat different fashion.
【译文】我发现音乐史上有三种不同的作曲家，他们各自的音乐创作方式有所不同。

2.The traditional type of composer begins with a pattern rather than with a theme. The
creative act with Palestrina is not the thematic conception so much as the personal treatment of a well-established pattern.
【译文】传统型作曲家是由形式出发，而不是由主题出发进行创作的。

帕里斯特里纳的创作不是主题的构思，而是对特定形式的个性化处理。

3.典型的英语表达形式在汉语中无法找到对等形式，翻译无从着手。

Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come—with the people who respect you for who you are.
【译文】作真的自己，你就会被真正尊重你的人所爱
【译文】发现自我，如实的表现自我，你自然会为人们所喜爱——为那些真正尊重你个性的人们所喜爱。

德国翻译家Wolfram Wilss教授在The Science of Translation: Problems & Methods中提到：Translation is not simply a matter of seeking other words with similar meaning, but of finding appropriate ways of saying things in another language. Translating is always meaning-based. i.e. it is the transfer of meaning instead of form from the source language to the target language.
翻译的基本单位是语篇，而不是词语结构。

课堂练习
1.It’s more a poem than a picture
与其说它是一幅画，不如说它是一首诗。

与其说那是一幅画，不如说那是一首诗。

2.He drank himself out of the best lines.
他喝过了。

他借酒写出了好诗。

3.He pretends to be as modest as anything.
他装得毕恭毕敬。

他装得极为谦虚。

4.Fire goes wherever it can, but it prefers to follow a draft.
火势到处蔓延，
火是无孔不入的，可是它更爱窜入通风的地方。

5.The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it.
循着噪声你很容易就能找到房间。

循声而去，便轻易的找到了那间屋子。

6.Taking care to pitch my voice to the politeness, I asked about the next bus to Hattiesbury.
我赔着小心，用温和的口吻询问开往哈底斯堡下一班车的情况。

7.If you feel depressed at a social gathering, keep it a secret.
在社交场合，你就是感到情绪压抑，也不要表露出来。

8.The bacteria pneumonia may complicate influenza at both extremes of age.
患有流感的幼儿和老人可能并发细菌性肺炎。

He wants a lawyer who understands his case, who sympathizes with him and who has been there himself.
他需要一位能够理解案情，同情他的处境并有类似遭遇的律师。

他要找一位了解他的案情，同情他的处境并有过亲身经历的人当他的律师。

World-famous for his works he was never personally well-known, for throughout his life he avoided publicity.
尽管他的作品闻名世界，但由于他的低调，他本人从来不曾出过名。

他的作品举世闻名，但他个人却默默无闻，因为他一生始终避免抛头露面。

While you are in the act of summoning yourself, don’t exhaust yourself with fruitless excursions into any and all possibilities.
A book may be compared to your neighbor: if it is good, it cannot last too long; if bad—you cannot get rid of it too early.
书就如同邻人，好书往往不长久，坏书则让你很难摆脱。

书可以比做邻居，如果是好的，相处越久越好；如果是坏的，越早分手越好。

Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check--a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds”.
Public opinion plays a vital and healthy role in the political realm.
Advance an argument
We have an open mind and we shall listen to and consider carefully any argument that may be advanced in the council.
Work conscientiously to carry out/ implement 认真贯彻
We should draw a lesson here, don’t be misled by the false appearances.
我们应该由此得到一条经验：不要被假象所迷惑。

They preach idealism where we advocate materialism.
他们讲唯心主义，而我们讲唯物主义。

Political realm, realm of politics 政治范畴
建立put up; install
Hypothesis。