2021年云南省大理第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案

2021年云南省大理第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
We are proud to present a showcase for kid inventions from children chosen from the Kid's Forum at Blue Print Earth. We hope you enjoy the ideas expressed here and join us in supporting the next generation.
Eater of Natural Disasters
My invention cansave your home by sucking up all-natural disasters. The government will not own this machine, but by you so there will be no taxes on it. Order Now! The Eater of Natural Disasters will run on renewable batteries. It will cost 50 dollars to make and I will sell it for just $ 75.
Created by Matthew Szekeresh —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade.
Pick-up-Pollution Bomb
My invention is called the Pick-up-Pollution Bomb. It will just pick up pollution and it won't hurt anything else like people, animals, property, playgrounds, and parks. The reason why I made it is that I think there is too much pollution on the Earth. It sells for $100 apiece, and if you buy this now, I will send you another one for free.
Created gratefully by Lauren Newberry — Mt. Washington Elementary, 5th Grade
Flying House
My invention is a home that will blast off in space. For example, if there were an earthquake people would immediately blast off, or if there were a flood it would take off. Only for $ 400.99.
Created by David Turner —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade
Bug Robot
My invention is a robot that catches little bugs, eats little bugs, sucks up pollution, sucks up natural disasters, and turns them into food solving the problems of too many little bugs, natural disasters, pollution and starvation. My product is worth $500. My invention works on 2 triple — A batteries. And if you order one today I'll throw in 4 rechargeable triple-A batteries.
Created by Cassie Courtey —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade
1. Why is the Flying House created?
A. To explore the space.
B. To clean the air.
C. To prepare people for earthquakes.
D. To help people escape from natural disasters.
2. Which invention can turn pollution into food?
A. The Bug Robot.
B. The Pick-up-Pollution Bomb.
C. The Flying House.
D. The Eater of Natural Disasters.
3. What can we infer about the four inventions?
A. They are very easy to build.
B. They are ideas from kids in the same school.
C. They are expensive but of practical use.
D. They are being used by people.
B
The idea of low material desire, low consumption and refusing to work, marry and have children, concluded as a “lying down” lifestyle, recentlystruck a chord withmany young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.
Many millennials (千禧一代) and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens, including work stress, family disputes (纷争) and financial strains, have pushed them “against the wall”. They said they hate the “involution (内卷),” joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.
“Instead of always following the ‘virtues’ of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses, they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis (宣泄) and adjustment,” said a scholar. “It is no wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the mortgage (按揭) today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”
Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, who claim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy, acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale (士气) far beyond their reach.
“Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future, but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges,” a postgraduate student told the Global Times. “It’s no use running away. I have to ‘stand up’ and face the reality sooner or later.”
4. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Warned.
B. Criticized.
C. Touched.
D. Amused.
5. What might have caused the “lying down” lifestyle among the young?
A. Improvements in living conditions.
B. Growing pressure from family and social life.
C. Increasing material possessions from families.
D. Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions.
6. What’s the scholar’s attitude toward the “lying down” group?
A. Understanding.
B. Intolerant.
C.Supportive.
D. Unclear.
7. What can be inferred about the young generation from the text?
A. They never really drop their responsibilities.
B. They really enjoy the “lying down” lifestyle.
C. They find their dreams far beyond their reach.
D. They would rather escape than take challenges.
C
If you’re looking for a reason to care about tree loss, this summer’s record-breaking heat waves might be it. Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit, according to arecent study. But tree cover in US cities is shrinking (缩减). A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that we lost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a five-year period. “If we continue on this path, cities will become warmer, more polluted and generally unhealthier for inhabitants,” said David Nowak, a senior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study. Nowak says there are many reasons why our tree cover is declining, including hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, insects and disease. But the one reason for tree loss that humans can control is sensible development.
Nowak says there is a downside to trees too, such as pollen allergy (花粉过敏) or large tailing branches in storms, and people don’t like sweeping leaves. But, he says, there are ways cities and counties can manage trees to help communities thrive (繁荣). Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees. Unlike rural areas, it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement and asphalt (沥青). “A lot of our native trees can’t actually find a place to drop a seed so they can regenerate,” explains Greg Levine, co-executivedirector of Trees Atlanta. “That’s why the community has to go in and actually plant a tree because the areas just aren’t natural anymore.”
Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property (财产). “We think we pay for our house, and sowe must maintain it. But because we don’t pay for nature, we don’t need to. And that’s not necessarily
true.”
8. Why does the author mention “trees can lower summer daytime temperatures”?
A. To tell the temperatures in summer are high.
B. To explain the reason of tree loss.
C. To tell trees are helpful.
D. To introduce the topic.
9. How can humans control tree loss according to Nowak?
A. Develop cities in reasonable ways.
B. Prevent fires form damaging trees.
C. Improve climate to let trees grow.
D. Decrease insects in cities.
10. Why do forests in cities need our help?
A. Because trees don’t grow in a city environment.
B. Because native trees don’t drop seeds any more.
C. Because trees in urban areas can’t regenerate naturally.
D. Because humans want to plant more trees.
11. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. Describe the importance of trees in cities.
B. Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings.
C. Ask people to plant trees with the author.
D. Show the number of trees in theUSis declining.
D
I was so worried about handing my little boy over during his first week of school, but you made it easier. You smiled at him like a mother would at her own child.You showed warmth and your hugs were always on offer.After a day in class with you, Charlie would come home singing. Whenever I hear Do Your Ears Hang Low or see him stretching to the sky when singing about the days of the week, I will think of you.I didn't tell you at the time, but I loved your morning song so much that Iimplementedit in my own class (I'm a teacher, too).
When you saw I was troubled, you hugged me with your smile and I knew everything would be OK. You made parents feel as cared for as our children.In the short time I knew you; you taught me about the type of teacher I desire to be. You never seemed disturbed by the mountain of paperwork or impossible work-life balance that
comes with the role. Instead, you appeared to embrace every minute.
I can't understand why you've been taken from us. Telling Charlie was one of the hardest things I've had to do.I'm not sure he fully understands, but he told me he loved you and has been asking whether your"robot powers"will work in heaven.
A friend once told me white feathers are angels telling us that loved ones in heaven are well. On the first day collecting the children without you，a white feather floated through the sleet (雨夹雪). Watching the younger ones bounce and gigle as they tried to catch it was beautiful.
I wish I had told you all of this when you were with us.I hope that you knew how you brought happiness to everyone you met and how loved you were. Goodbye, Dear Friend.
12. What does the underlined word "implemented" in Paragraph l probably mean?
A. Looked back on.
B. Looked forward to.
C. Thought highly of.
D. Made use of.
13. What can we learn from the passage about parents?
A. They need to sing songs before children.
B. They need to feel the affection as well.
C. They find it hard to handle their kids.
D. They find it necessary to hug the teachers.
14. The writer mentioned "white feather" in Paragraph 4 mainly to ______.
rm us of the loved one's death
B. remind us it's time for a snowball fight
C. tell us the teacher stays in our mind after death
D. warn us of the falling snow when collecting children
15. What's the writer's main purpose in writing this article?
A. To make a remark on Charlie's teacher.
B.To say goodbye to her fellow teacher.
C. To take pity on her fellow teacher.
D. To recall and show respect for Charlie's teacher.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to
fewer injuries.____16____.
____17____. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times.____18____, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
____19____, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound thebody as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research,____20____, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
A. Race walkers are conditioned athletes
B. Like running, race walking is physically demanding
C. Having a medical checkup
D. It does, however, have its won problem.
E. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity.
F. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries
G. runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Hearing my name called, I stepped up on stage to give my first public speech. Steadying my trembling hands, I____21____the sea of people and wanted to____22____. Then a question flashed into my mind, “Do you still remember____23____it took to get here?”
It all started with a(n)____24____I had written in reply to a radio host’s slanderous (诋毁的) comments about____25____rights. I had stayed up for days____26____information to oppose his point. Content with my final essay, I submitted it to my____27____for publication. Later, I received a text stating that he____28____not to
publish it because the subject matter was “too controversial”. Hurt, I____29____with my two weeks’ work.
I tried to submit my essay to others, believing someone would be_____30_____to get it out while the subject was still topical.However, after days of “thanks, but no thanks” replies, I felt_____31_____. No one was interested in a no-name writer with a_____32_____opinion that was against that of a celebrity.Had my boss been right?
____33____, I received a “YES” from a small, yet powerful online blog that_____34_____women.
My essay had thousands of_____35_____and I rose to fame overnight. In less than a day, my world changed and people started to_____36_____. Then one day, I received a call asking me to give a(n)_______37_______in Washing D. C. . My eyes teared up in_____38_____. Me? A middle-aged single mother with only high school education?
Taking a deep breath, I dived into the speech I had_____39_____many times, nervous but_____40_____to make my voice heard.
21. A. cheered for B. looked at C. pointed to D. relied on
22. A. sing B. bow C. escape D. continue
23. A. any B. little C. some D. all
24. A. sentence B. song C. essay D. book
25. A. women’s B. workers’ C. children’s D. animals’
26. A. deleting B. changing C. researching D. providing
27. A. assistant B. boss C. editor D. colleague
28. A. chose B. agreed C. struggled D. promised
29. A. interrupted B. resigned C. possessed D. violated
30. A. foolish B. responsible C. careful D. willing
31. A. discouraged B. confident C. terrified D. optimistic
32. A. common B. strong C. subjective D. low
33. A. Therefore B. Instantly C. Obviously D. Finally
34. A. learned from B. dealt with C. focused on D. apologized to
35. A. views B. explanations C. endings D. translations
36. A. shudder B. listen C. scold D. distribute
37. A. order B. instruction C. performance D. speech
38. A. sadness B. disbelief C. anger D. relief
39. A. delivered B.attended C. ended D. practiced
40. A. determined B. amazed C. satisfied D. amused
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The core capsule of China’s space station,____41.____（name）Tianhe, was sent into its planned orbit（轨道）at the Wenchang Space Center in Hainan province on April 29. In1991, Chinese government____42.____（present）a “three-step” strategy for space engineering by first building a manned spacecraft, followed by building mini space stations and then China’s own space station. This attempt has brought China____43.____（close）to its final goal.
It starts a series of launch missions that aim to complete the____44.____（construct）of China’s space station. By the end of 2022, China’s space station will be a T shape,____45.____includes the core module at the center and a lab capsuleon each side. It will be able to support three astronauts____46.____（work）and live for a long time. To make sure a quality life for astronauts, it is divided into various zones,____47.____（include）zones for work, sleep, sanitation, dining, healthcare and exercise. China is____48.____（devote）to building the space station into a state-level space lab that supports scientific experiments____49.____technological applications. The station is expected to contribute to_____50._____peaceful development and space exploration through international cooperation.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改仅限一词
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分
I love reading. So the library is my favorite place in my spare time. Whenever I am free, I will go there and bury me in the books, which makes me relaxing. One day I went to the library as usually. When I was selecting books, the little boy caught my attention. Stand in front of a shelf, he was doing his best to put a book back in place. However, he was so short to place it. I walk to him, asking him if he needed help. He thanked me and handed me the books. I said that I was glad to help him, a boy who thirsty for knowledge. Hearing of this, he smiled.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 e your own words as far as possible.
Have you ever heard your own voice played back? Other people hear us differently from how we hear ourselves.The same is true of how we see ourselves.Each of us has a different self-concept. Our self-concept is the view you have of yourself. It may or may not mirror the way other people view you. This much is clear. Having a positive self-concept is an important part of good mental health.
Your self-concept starts forming when you are very young. Parents or guardians are the first and greatest influence. How they speak to you and treat you have a lasting effect. Grandparents sisters, brothers, and s have an effect too.Your skills and abilities also shape your self-concept. You may see yourself as a good basketball player or a good singer.You may feel you are good at writing stories but average in math. How you view your talents and abilities influences your overall self-concept.
Developing a positive self-concept is an important part of emotional health.Focus on your strengths rather than your weaknesses. When you focus on your weaknesses, you may begin to feel that you are not good at anything. Instead, identify what you do well and what you enjoy doing This will help you develop a positive self-concept. Seeing yourself in a positive way will help you feel good about yourself.
Family members, friends, and teachers reinforce,or support your self-concept through messages. Some of the messages from people around you are spoken or written. Others take the form of looks or gestures."Way to go!" is an example of a positive word message.You may think you did well on a school project. Having your Parent or teacher tell you that you did a good job reinforces your belief.Keep in mind that sending positive messages is a two-way street. When you support others, they are likely to support you, too.
参考答案
1. D
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. G
21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32.
B 33. D 34.
C 35. A 36. B 37.
D 38. B 39. D 40. A
41. named
42. presented
43. closer 44. construction 45. which 46. to work
47. including
48. devoted
49. and 50. the
51.(1).me→myself
(2).relaxing→relaxed
(3).usually→usual
(4).the→a
(5).Stand→Standing
(6).so→too
(7).walk→walked
(8).books→book
(9).在who后加was
(10).删去of
52.略。