Lecture Three

Shakespeare Sonnet 18
I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature’s changing course untimm’d;
Utopia
Sonnet 14行诗
• Sonnet ,a form of poetry in 14 lines of iambic pentameter, was introduced to England from Italy by Sir Thomas Wyatt. • The Petrarchan or Italian sonnet rhyme scheme abba abba cdecde • English sonnet / Shakespearean sonnet rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg
Francis Bacon
• • • • Advancement of Learning New Instrument / The Novum Organum New Atlantis 58 Essays “Of ...”
Marlowe
• The most gifted of the “university wits”大学 才子 • Doctor Faustus 1588 p.52- 53
• The revival of classical literature –the Greek and Latin literature • Humanism • Emphasis on knowledge
Hamlet
What a piece of work is man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculty! In form and moving how express and admirable! In action how like an angel! In comprehension how like a god! The beauty of the world! The paragon of animals!
朱生豪
人是一件多么了不起的杰作！多么高 贵的理性！多么伟大的力量！多么优 美的仪表！多么文雅的举动！在行为 上多么像一个天使！在智慧上多么想 一个天神！宇宙的精华！万物的灵长！
Printing
• William Caxton, 1476
Thomas More
• The greatest of the English humanists • Utopia : no place in Greek • It is written in the form of a conversation between More and Hythloday. • It is divided into two parts. The first book is about England; the second book is about the ideal society, Utopia.
Байду номын сангаас
The Reformation 宗教改革
• the establishment of the Protestant churches Protestantism 新教 Church of England 英国国教 Anglican Church
The English Bible 1611
• King James Bible: KJB 詹姆斯国王本圣经 • The Authorized Version: AV 钦定本圣经 • “a monument of English language and English literature”; “ It sets the style of modern English prose.”
But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor loose possession of that fair thou ow’st; Not shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
Lecture Three
The English Renaissance 1500～1620
The Tudor Dynasty:都铎王朝
• English ruling dynasty (1485-1603), including Henry VII and his descendants Henry VIII, English ruling dynasty (14851603), including Henry VII and his descendants Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.
Ben Jonson
• To Celia • Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date.
a b a b
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines , By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d. But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st. So long as man can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
Iambic Pentametre ( 5 - foot Iambus)
（ 五 步 抑 扬 格）
Edmund spenser
• Poet of poets • The Shepherd’s Calendar 牧人月历 • Epithalamion 祝婚曲
• The Faerie Queene 仙后 • The Spenserian Stanza p.43
c d c d e f e f g g
Analysis:
Shall I compare thee to a sum mer’s day Thou art more love ly and more tem perate. Rough winds do shake the dar ling buds of may, And sum mer’s lease hath all too short a date. a b a b
The Enclosure Movement
• Sheep devours man, in Utopia, by Thomas More p.34
The War with Spain
• The defeat of the Spanish fleet Aymada 1558
Renaissance