高二英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)及解析

高二英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
There are lots of ways to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find photos, documents, and films on almost any topic you can imagine. And at , you can access lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.
TED began in 1984 as a conference that brought together individuals from the fields of technology, entertainment and design. It was intended to be a one-time event focusing on technology and design. The event ended up losing money, and it was six years before the founders tried it again. This time it worked, and since 1990, the TED conference has been an annual event. There are now two held every year, with topics as diverse as music, medicine, and money. Other specialized spin-off conferences address narrower issues.
The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to "offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers," as the website puts it. The current version of the site was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of talks given at the TED conferences around the world. The talks are transcribed into hundreds of languages.
The TED website is owned by the Sapling Foundation, a non profit devoted to fostering the spread of great ideas. The Sapling foundation acquired TED in 2001. Since then, it has been focusing on using TED to broadcast ideas that might change the world.
TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices (more than 6,000 dollars total). It's been accused by a few people of censorship for not publishing their talks. One controversial speaker was upset about being criticized by the conference's host afterward.
The complaints, however, seem to be relatively few for such a large, long-running organization. And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website. Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.
（1）What is the main topic of the article?
A.The case against TED
B.What's on TED today.
C.Pros and cons of .
D.What is TED
（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.The TED conference came after the success of .
B.Two TED conferences are now held every year.
C.TED talks are available in many languages.
D.The Sapling Foundation owns .
（3）From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that ________.
A.it is accepted to all involved that some TED talks might not be published
B.the host of the conference is one who plays a supportive role to the speakers
C.TED is criticized for giving special treatment to the wealthy or powerful
D.the negative comments on TED greatly affects its reputation
（4）This author probably believes that________.
A.TED is elitist
B.TED is beneficial
C.TED isn't important
D.TED is the best website
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“And at , you can acce ss lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.”在，你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。

以及以下几个段落的内容，可知这篇文章的主题是“TED 是什么”，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to ‘offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers,’ as the website puts it.”TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是“向世界上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识”。

可知，“TED大会是在网站成功之后召开的”这种表述错误，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices.”当然，TED也免不了受到批评。

它因其高昂的票价被称为精英主义；以及最后一段中的“And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website.”而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义的指责就显得空洞了。

可推断出，TED因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇而受到批评，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.”不管它的缺点是什么，TED都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞人心的信息来源。

可推断出，这位作者可能认为TED是有益的，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.
But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.
'It's now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything," says physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.
At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory.
Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. "Some day," says MIT's Erik Demaine, "we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybe—though you certainly wouldn't want to bet against it."
（1）What do we know about origami?
A. It consumes lots of time.
B. It involves interesting ideas.
C. It requires complex techniques.
D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.
（2）Which of the following is an application of origami?
A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.
B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.
C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.
D. A future computer contains many huge folded motors.
（3）What is Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami engineering?
A. Hopeful
B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving.
D. Ambiguous.
（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Pop-science.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。

折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Lang, an orig ami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagin e”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”；第四段中的“There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“‘Some day,’ says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won't Want to Miss
Seymour Apple Festival
Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15, 000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more.
Marionville Apple Festival
The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watching the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths.
Humansville Fall Festival
The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town but that doesn't mean it's lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun. This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. You'll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday.
Southside Fall Festival
The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more.
Fall Into Arts Festival
Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.
（1）Which festivals are free of charge?
A. Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.
B. Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival.
C. Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.
D. Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival.
（2）What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year?
A. Fun activities on Saturday.
B. The duration of the festival.
C. The area of the hosting town.
D. Musicians' live performance.
（3）Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by ________.
A. movie lovers
B. modern artists
C. visitors of all ages
D. families with kids
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个秋季的节日。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Seymour Apple Festival部分中的“Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment!”可知，西摩苹果节的门票是免费的，娱乐也是免费的！和Southside Fall Festival部分中的“The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-f ree environment and free admission.”可知，此节日也是免费入场。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据 Humansville Fall Festival部分中的“This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.”可知，今年的音乐节将以当地优秀音乐家的现场音乐为特色，使它有别于往年。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Fall Into Arts Festival部分中的“Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.”可知，秋季艺术节既有许多孩子喜爱的活动，也有为父母准备的活动，故特别受到有孩子的家庭的欢迎。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Although not as much as in the past, grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo (纳瓦霍人) youth. They make young people aware of life at an early age. The parents grant them the privilege of teaching the children, and the grandparents take great pride in raising the children or at least having a big part in raising them.
Young children often stay with their grandparents for years at a time developing a close and trusting relationship. The grandparents teach the children Navajo legends and the principle of life, emphasizing both new culture trends and the preservation of traditions.
The grandparents are also often the leading figures in teaching the youth the arts of weaving, caring for the livestock, using herbal medicine, and other arts and crafts.
The children are taught to respect their elders, to care for them, to help them whenever they are in need, and to learn from them. Young people are urged to listen with care to the words of their elders and to keep as much wisdom as possible. Grandparents often go to social gatherings and traditional events, and the young have opportunities to learn more about their culture and traditions.
I live with my grandmother for thirteen years, and she raised me in the old ways of our people. Although I was going to school, she taught me as much as she could about our traditions. She was a beautiful woman. If I had a chance, I would listen again to her wise teachings, expressed with kindness in a soft voice that touched my heart.
We used to plant corn and pumpkin every summer. They never grew big enough to feed us, but we planted them anyway. I asked my grandmother why. She said, "Grandson, our plants will be far more beautiful than the flowers outside the fence." I did not understand until one day I saw their beauty as I was coming over the hill with her. She said, "Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by." We had some beautiful years together. I am glad she is a part of me and I am a part of her.
Children used to be well disciplined, possessing more respect for culture, tradition, and beliefs than they do now. The world of the Navajo has been influenced by the western world, and the grandparents have less control and influence than they used to. But the young people who have been touched by their teachings have glimpsed a way of life beyond what most people know today.
（1）What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. Parents hate to take the trouble to raise children.
B. Schools are not very popular with the Navajo youth.
C. Grandparents are usually unwilling to teach their grandchildren.
D. Children learn about the meaning of life from their grandchildren.
（2）Why did the author's grandmother plant corn and pumpkin?
A. Because she hated wild flowers.
B. Because she needed to feed her family.
C. Because she tried to make her fence more beautiful.
D. Because she wanted her grandson to learn a life lesson.
（3）What's the author's opinion according to the passage?
A. Grandparents are the source of traditional culture.
B. His grandmother's teaching could replace schooling.
C. The western world is hardly influenced by the Navajos.
D. It is impossible to get grandparents involved in teaching again.
（4）What's the purpose of the article?
A. To honor the author's grandmother.
B. To share with readers a Navajo culture.
C. To emphasize the greatness of Navajo.
D. To introduce the development of Navajo tribes.
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母来教育孙子辈，让他们学到生活中的道理。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的"grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo (纳瓦霍人) youth. They make young people aware of life at an early age."可知，祖父母们是年轻人的老师，使年轻人在很小的时候就认识生活。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第六段中的"Grandson, our plants will be far more beautiful than the flowers outside the fence."以及 "Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by."可知，祖母种植玉米和南瓜是为了让作者明白一个生活的道理：任何属于你的东西，总是比你路过的东西更美。

从而推断出祖母是想让她的孙子学到人生的一课。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

第一段提出“纳瓦霍人的孙子辈主要由祖父母来教育，他们在抚养孩子方面起了很大的作用”，接着对此进行了详细的介绍。

最后一段“那些被他们的祖父母教导所感动的年轻人，已经发找到了一种大多数人今天所不知道的生活方式”。

由此可推断出本文主要介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母们教育孙子辈，让他们认识生活，学到其中的道理。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

第一段中的"grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo (纳瓦霍人) youth. They make young people aware of life at an early age."纳瓦霍人的祖父母们成为年轻一代人的老师，在教育孙子辈起着重要的作用。

是主旨句，接着下文较为详细地介绍了纳瓦霍人的这种文化。

由此可推断出作者是与读者分享一种纳瓦霍人的文化。

由选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It's not unusual to see an unreasonable child lying on the ground drumming his heels. Beside
him is a desperate mother yelling at the top of her lungs. Raising a well-behaved kid is really a head-scratching thing.
If you took all the parenting styles around the world and ranked them by their gentleness, the Inuit (因纽特人) approach would certainly rank near the top. All the moms mention one golden role: Don't shout or yell at small children. Inuit's no-yelling policy is their central component to raising cool-headed kids. The culture views scolding, or even speaking to children in all angry voice, as inappropriate, although little kids are pushing parents' buttons.
Playful "storytelling" is another trick to sculpting kids' behavior. But this storytelling differs hugely from those fairy tales full of moral lessons. Parents "retell" what happened when a boy threw a tantrum(发脾气)by way of what Shakespeare would understand all too well: putting on a "drama". After the child has calmed down, the parents will review what happened when the child misbehaved, usually starting with a question: "Can you show us how to throw a tantrum?" Then
the child has to think what he should do. If he takes the bait and performs the action, the mom
will ask a follow-up question with a playful tone. For example: "Does that seem right?" or "Are
you a baby?" She is getting across the idea that "big boys" won't throw a tantrum.
Kids' brains are still developing the circuitry needed for self-control. What you do in response
to your children's emotions shapes their brains. So next time, seeing your boy misbehave, try using the Inuit's storytelling approach. And don't forget to keep cool. After all, boys will be boys.
（1）Which of the following best explains "pushing parents' buttons" underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Talking with parents.
B. Playing with parents' buttons.
C. Exposing parents' faults.
D. Making parents annoyed.
（2）What do we know about Inuit's "storytelling"?
A. It aims at playing a trick on kids.
B. It raises kids' awareness of morality.
C. It comes after a child misbehaves.
D. It analyzes Shakespeare's dramas.
（3）What's the author's attitude to children's misbehavior?
A. Cautious
B. Tolerant
C. Uncaring
D. Skeptical
（4）What's the main idea of the text?
A. Inuit's approach to parenting.
B. Values of reading literary works.
C. Causes of children's misbehavior.
D. Parents' responses to "storytelling".
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，因纽特人教育孩子的方式最温柔，介绍了因纽特人
教育孩子的黄金规则“不对小孩叫喊”以及他们塑造孩子行为的一种方式“讲故事”，让我们
时刻记住孩子做错事的时候要保持冷静。

（1）考查词义猜测。

划线词组所在句子为让步状语从句，"although（即使）"前后句是相
反关系。

句意为：这种文化认为训斥孩子，或者以生气的口吻对孩子说话都是不合适的，
即使小孩子让家长生气的时候也是这样。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Parents "retell" what happened when a boy threw a
tantrum (发脾气) by way of…"可知，家长讲述的是小男孩发脾气时所发生的事情。

也就是说故事内容就是小孩子做错的事情。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"And don't forget to keep cool. After all, boys will be boys. 不要忘记保持冷静。

毕竟，孩子就是孩子。

"可知，作者认为小孩子犯错时，家长要宽容孩子的错误，不能对孩子要求太高。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

文章主要通过讲述因纽特人温柔地教育孩子的方式，让我们对如何教育孩子有所启发。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
Guess what former Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and United States president Donald Trump's granddaughter, Arabella Kushner, have in common? They both study Chinese as a second language.
Although Chinese is known as one of the hardest languages to learn, a lot of people from different backgrounds are studying it with hopes of big benefits.
Nov 2 saw more than 120 people, coming from 105 countries, compete in the finals of the 12th "Chinese Bridge" Chinese Proficiency Competition for foreign secondary school students. Held in Zhengzhou, Henan province, the finals was mainly made up of speech contests and talent shows. The contestants also visited the Shaolin Temple, Longmen Grottoes and other historical sites in Henan.
While reasons for learning Chinese were different, a common one was interest in the country's rich culture and rapid development.
Raissa, 17, from the Union of the Comoros, developed a strong emotional connection with China after her grandmother was cured by doctors of the Chinese medical team in Africa three years ago. This led her to learn Chinese at a local Confucius Institute.
Fascinated by Chinese culture, the competitor has taken part in activities on traditional Chinese medicine and folk arts during her first trip to China. "My dream is to study medicine in China so that I could cure patients like the Chinese doctors did," she said.
For Fekete Marcell Zoltan, 17, from the Hungarian-Chinese Bilingual School, studying Chinese may secure him a future job as a Hungarian diplomat(外交官) to China. "After graduation from high school, I would like to further my studies in China," he said.
Robert Davis, director of the Chinese-language program in Chicago's public school system, may give you a hint. "Chinese isn't the new French. It's the new English, which is widely used all over the world." he told CGTN.
（1）Why are Mark Zuckerberg and Arabella Kushner mentioned in paragraph one?
A.To show Chinese is popular.
B.To introduce them to the readers.
C.To tell the readers they love China.
D.To stress the importance of learning Chinese.
（2）The underlined word Fascinated in paragraph 6 can be replaced by ______.
A.Attracted
B.Employed
C.Inspected
D.Appreciated
（3）What is the common reason for the competitors to learn Chinese?
A.It's easy to learn.
B.They want to become a doctor.
C.They hope for a good job after graduation.
D.They have interest in Chinese culture and rapid development.
（4）What is Robert Davis' attitude to learning Chinese?
A.Doubtful.
B.Supportive.
C.Indifferent.
D.Upset.
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了汉语变得越来越受欢迎这一现象。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“They both study Chinese as a second language.”以及上文可知，前澳大利亚的首相Kevin Rudd, 脸谱 CEO Mark Zuckerberg and 川普的孙女 Arabella Kushner,是为了突出他们都在学汉语，从而表明汉语很流行，所以选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第六段中的“Fascinated by Chinese culture, the competitor has taken part in act ivities on traditional Chinese medicine and folk arts during her first trip to China.”可知是由于被中国文化吸引，参赛者参加各种有关中医以及民间艺术的活动，所以fascinated表示吸引，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段“While reasons for learning Chinese were different, a common one was interest in the country's ric h culture and rapid development.” 可知这些参赛者们学习汉语的共同原因是他们对中国文化和发展感兴趣，所以选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Chinese isn't the new French. It's the new English, which is widely used all over the world.” 可知他认为汉语将会像英语一样在全世界广泛应用，所以他对学习汉语的态度是支持的，所以选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
LEGO began as one man's small business. But today, it is the second largest toy company in the world. The LEGO company sells small, brightly colored plastic bricks (积木). People can buy LEGO
bricks in over 90 countries.
Ole Kirk Kristiansen from Denmark began his own business in 1932. He made products (产品) from wood including colorful wooden toys. Kristiansen's young son, Godtfred, worked with him. Their business helped them make a lot of money.
By 1934, the Kristiansens named their company LEGO, which came from two Danish words, "leg" and "godt", meaning "play well". The LEGO company grew slowly. But it continued to create excellent wooden toys.
By 1947, the LEGO company began using a new material (材料) to make their toys — plastic. One of the toys they sold was called the Automatic Binding Brick. A person could put the bricks together to build something. But the bricks did not hold together easily. Still, they were a popular toy.
A few years later, in 1954, Godtfred Kirk Kristiansen had a big idea. He wanted all of the LEGO bricks to fit together. Finally, four years later, in 1958, the LEGO company found their answer. They invented the first modern style LEGO brick, which was similar to the Automatic Binding Brick but each piece would fit with any other piece.
Since that time, any toy that the LEGO company created would fit with any other toy they created. Today, LEGO is not only the second largest toy maker in the world, but also making its products a great way for children to learn creative building skills.
（1）When the LEGO company was set up, it ________.
A.had a rapid growth
B.failed to attract children
C.invited children to work with it
D.was small but successful
（2）What do we know about the Automatic Binding Brick?
A.It was liked by few people.
B.It was the best of its kind.
C.It was a building toy.
D.It was made of wood.
（3）The first modern style LEGO brick________.
A.fit together perfectly
B.was created by Godtfred and his father
C.was invented in the early 1950s
D.differed greatly from the Automatic Binding Brick
（4）What's the best title for the text?
A.LEGO: Educational Toys
B.LEGO: Play Well
C.Toy Companies: From Small to Big
D.Toy Companies: Never Too Late to Create
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丹麦知名玩具品牌乐高的发展历程。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“LEGO began as one man's small business”；以及第二段中的“Their business helped them make a lot of money,可知，高公司在创立初期虽然规模不大但盈利很多。

因此可知公司规模虽小但很成功，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“A person could put the bricks together to build something.”可知，Automatic Binding Brick是一种拼装积木，可以使用积木组装玩具，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的"the first modern style LEGO brick ... each piece would fit with any other piece”可知，现代的乐高积木可以彼此完全贴合，从而组装成一个整体。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第三段“By 1934, the Kristiansens named their company LEGO, which came from two Danish words, ‘leg’ and ‘godt’，meaning ‘play well’. The LEGO company grew slowly. But it continu ed to create excellent wooden toys. ”可知，文章介绍了知名积木玩具乐高的发展情况，LEGO在丹麦语中意为"玩得好”，这是公司制作玩具的宗旨所在，因此B项作标题概括了文章主旨也表达了乐高的宗旨，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.
Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the "New Journalism." "I've always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable," he said. "The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa."
"When Tom Wolfe's voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards," says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. "Wolfe didn't do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people." Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.
In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America's first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. "The Right Stuff was the book for me," says Grossman. "It reminded me, in case I'd forgotten, that the world is an incredible place."。