八年级上册英语知识点总结(汇总8篇)

八年级上册英语知识点总结第1篇
八年级英语上册知识点
第一单元：Friends
【重点短语】
1 something to drink 一些喝的东西
2 have some more food 再吃点儿食物
3 one of my best friends 我最好的朋友之一
4 be willing to share things with her friends 愿意和她的朋友分享东西
5 help me with my homework 帮助我做家庭作业
6 give her seat on the bus to someone in need 在公共汽车上把她的座位让给有需要的人
7 grow up 长大，成长
8 make sb. look smart 是某人看上去聪明
9 have a good sense of humour 有很强的幽默感
10 tell funny jokes 讲有趣的笑话
11 walk past our desks 经过我们的课桌
12 knock…onto… 把……撞到……上
13 say a bad word about sb. 讲某人的坏话
14 keep a secret 保守秘密
15 travel around the world 环游世界
16 both my neighbour and my best friend
17 feel bored or unhappy 感到无聊或不快乐
【重点句型】
1 There’s nothing in the fridge. 冰箱里没有东西
2 He tells funny jokes and always makes me laugh. 他讲滑稽的笑话而且总是使我大笑。

3 When he walks past our desks, he often knocks our books and pens onto the floor.
当他经过我们的课桌时，常把我们的书和钢笔撞到地上。

4 When something worries me, I can always go to her.
当某事使我担心时，我总是去找她。

5 I can tell her anything because she can keep a secret.
我能告诉她任何事情，意为她能保守秘密。

6 My book is more interesting than his. 我的书比他的有趣。

八年级上册英语知识点总结第2篇
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。

例如：
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。

例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。

例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。

我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。

常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。

例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

2.用于提出意见劝导别人。

例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服，你去看医生。

3. 用于表示可能性。

should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。

例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。

如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
该句相当于：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。

如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。

是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...?
是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。

如：
What color do you like best?(所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?
你最喜爱哪一种颜色? (有特定的范围)
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。

如：
Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国?
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：
always(总是，一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常，经常)
sometimes(有时候)
never(从不)
2.频度副词的位置：
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。

如：
David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。

b.放在行为动词前。

如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7:10去上学。

c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。

如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.
有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。

放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。

如：
Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。

5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。

如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天7：10去上学。

I decide to read English every day.
我决定每天读英语。

2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。

She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么?
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。

被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main
Verb)。

助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用。

例如：
He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

(doesn't是助动词，无词义;like是主要动词，有词义)
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：
a. 表示时态，例如：
He is singing. 他在唱歌。

He has got married. 他已结婚。

b. 表示语态，例如：
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

c. 构成疑问句，例如：
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。

e. 加强语气，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
to do忘记要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。

(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。

( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。

(to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off
B. turn it off
C. to turn it off
D. having turned it off
答案：C。

由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth
表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。

此处不符合题意。

to do记得去做某事(未做);
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如：
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词。

如： good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。

如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。

如：
You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。

)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。

例如：句子：The boy in blue has three pens.
提问：1. Who has three pens?
2. Which boy has three pens?
3. What does the boy in blue have?
4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。

再如：句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提问：1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。

如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。

如： It is such a nice day. That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。

如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。

如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。

如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。

如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball?
5.在以下结构中：
enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
go on doing sth 继续做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事like doing sth 喜欢做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/听到/观看某人做某事
try doing sth 试图做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 错过做某事
practice doing sth 练习做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
12) 英语中的“单数”
1.主语的第三人称单数形式，即可用“he, she, it”代替的。

如： he,she, it，my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。

如：
man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
3.动词有原形，第三人称单数形式，-ing分词，过去式，过去分词。

如： go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。

如： The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式
名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

I 名词复数的规则变化
1.一般在名词词尾加-s。

如：
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---desks tree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词，词尾加-es。

如：
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词，词尾加-es。

如：
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，将-y变为-i,再加-es。

如：
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词，将-f或-fe变为-v，再加-es。

如：
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是：
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名词复数的不规则变化
1.将-oo改为--ee。

如：
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.将-man改为-men。

如：
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加词尾。

如：
child---children
4.单复数同形。

如：
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。

即“中日瑞不变英法变，其它国把-s加后面”。

如：Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它。

如：
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词
初中阶段常见的有以下这些：
→letting 让 hit→hitting 打、撞
cut→cutting 切、割 get→getting 取、得到sit→sitting 坐 forget→forgetting 忘记
八年级上册英语知识点总结第3篇短语归纳
on Saturdayafternoon在周六下午
prepare for为……做准备
go to the doctor去看医生
have the flu患感冒
help my parents帮助我的父母
come to the party来参加聚会
another time其他时间
last fall去年秋天
go to the party去聚会
hang out常去某处;泡在某处
the day after tomorrow后天
the day before yesterday前天
have a pianolesson上钢琴课
look after照看;照顾
accept an invitaton接受邀请
turn down aninvitation拒绝邀请
take a trip去旅行
at the end of this month这个月末
look forward to盼望;期待
the opening of… ……的开幕式/落成典礼
reply in writing书面回复
go to the concert去听音乐会
not…until直到……才
meet my friend会见我的朋友
visit grandparents拜访祖父母
study for a test为考试学习
have to不得不
too much homework太多作业
do homework做家庭作业
go to the movies去看电影
after school放学后
on the weekend在周末
invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事
what引导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! What+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!
help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事
be sad to do sth.做某事很悲伤
see sb. do sth. see .
the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式
have a surprise party for sb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对
look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事
reply to sth./sb.答复某事/某人
What’s today?今天是什么日子?
What’s the date today? What day is it today?
八年级上册英语知识点总结第4篇
单音节形容词和部分双音节词大多是以y、ly、er结尾的双音节形容词，一般在词尾加-er。

以不发音字母e结尾的词，在词尾直接加-r。

重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母，元音发短音时，双写尾字母，再加er。

以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变“y”为“i”，再加-er。

多音节词三音节及以上和部分双音节词，在词前加“more”。

部分形容词和副词的比较级是不规则的，如：good/well-better，bad/badly-worse。

由“动词+后缀-ing/-ed”构成的形容词，在词前加more构成比较级。

如：interesting-more interesting，bored-more bored。

由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的副词，在该副词前加more构成比较级。

如：slowly-more slowly，happily- more happily。

八年级上册英语知识点总结第5篇
一. 重点短语
1. on time
2. best wishes
3. give a talk
4. for example
5. short for
6. a waste of time
7. go on a field trip
8. go fishing
9. I agree
10. next week
11. the day after tomorrow
12. have a picnic
13. have some problems doing sth.
14. go the wrong way
15. hurry up
16. get together
17. in the open air
18. on Mid-Autumn Day
19. come over
20. have to
21. get home
22. agree with
23. in the country
24. in town
25. all the same
26. in front of
27. on the left/right side
28. next to
29. up and down
30. keep healthy
31. grow up
32. at the same time
33. the day before yesterday
34. last Saturday
35. half an hour ago
36. a moment ago
37. just now
38. by the way
39. all the time
40. at first
二. 重要句型
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’re going to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…?
6. Are you going to…?
7. be friendly to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
三. 交际用语
backto school!
2. It doesn’t matter.
me. I’m sorry I’m late, because the traffic is bad. Teachers’ Day !
’s a good idea.
are you going to do?
are we going ?
are we going to do ?
’m good at…
’s not far from…
11. Are you free tomorrow evening?
you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival? ’m glad you can come.
for asking us.
about another one?
I have a taste?
me walk with you.
do you have to do?
you live on a farm?
do you like better, the city or the country?
do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?
we go at ten? Good idea!
’s make it half past one. ---OK.
not come a little earlier? ---All right.
me. Where’s the nearest post office, p lease?
’s over there on the right.
’m sorry I don’t know.
’d better…
you all the same.
bus do I take?
along this road.
day was it yesterday?’m sorry to hear that.
hope you’re better now.
did you call me?
called to tell…
四. 重要语法
going to的用法;
2.形容词的比较级、最高级;
3.形容词和副词的比较
4.一般过去时
八年级英语学习方法
语法的学习
初中是开始学习系统语法知识的重要阶段。

这阶段语法学习好了，以后语法就会感到很轻松。

首先应该明确是初中的时候我们学习的更多的是词法而不是句法，因为毕竟从简单开始吧，就算是中考题也基本上没有多少句法的题，所以初中一定要把重心放在词法上，就是名词，介词，冠词，代词，形容词等上面，而这些东西是最零碎的也是最头疼的，我们就更要有细心和耐心。

建议每学习一个语法点，在学校教室里抄过一边笔记后，回家静下心来，再重新整理一遍笔记，去粗取精，这其实是回顾温习的过程，并且要做好分类，不同重要程度的或者难易程度的要用不同的颜色区别对待，并时常翻阅。

此外课堂上的语法知识往往和教材同步而并不系统，我建议大家一定要单独再买一本语法书籍，建议买高中语法，这样有知识的拓展，也可以为大家省钱。

文章的学习
学生在学习文章前一定要预习老师即将要讲的内容，事先把自己认为比较难的单词语法和句子划出来，这样就可以有的放矢。

课本上的文章一定要精度，不能说看懂了就可以，而是要把每一个重要的单词和句子都要吃透。

同时对文章中的经典词汇和段落要记笔记，甚至要会背诵，为后面的写作打基础。

加强英语学习，阅读是最重点，课堂上的文章太过教条和局限，可能缺乏生动性和乐趣性。

希望大家课下也要多读些课外文章。

有些老是总是说要读原版文章和报刊，个人觉得不符合实际，初中生的词汇量和学习忍受度不适合读诸如“时代”“新闻周刊”这样的原版文章，建议读些国内出版的浅显的英语文章，个人推荐“英语沙龙初级版”英汉对照着看，一定会有兴趣和提高。

写作的学习
写作学习请大家牢牢记住下面两句话。

“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”，“熟读唐诗三百首，不会做诗也会吟”，强大的阅读功底是写出好文章的保证，只有输入的的多了才能输出的多，这也是我鼓励大家多读课外文章还有精读文章的原因。

在具体联系方面，我们并不需要写太多字数的文章。

因为初中生的作为并不需要写太复杂的句子。

仅仅是简单句子的结合，所以说中学生的作文不叫真正意义上的作文，而是叫写话。

所以鉴上于此，我觉得英汉互译写句子是最好的写作文的方法。

把每句话成功的写出来，再结合起来就是一篇好的作文了。

八年级英语阅读理解的技巧和方法
一、讲究阅读的方法和技巧
1.依据主题句定短文的中心：
任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的;段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间;其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的;若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句(等困难信号)所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。

如：My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn’t wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, blankets, food ), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn’t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves (岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we’d done.
This passage mainly talks about ______________.
A. the writer’s friends at the Activi ty Center
B. the writer’s experience at the Activity Center
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Center
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
八年级上册英语知识点总结第6篇
短语归纳
milk shake奶昔
turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开
pour…into…把……倒入……
a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶
a good idea好主意
on Saturday在星期六
cut up切碎
put…into…把……放入……
one more thing还有一件事
a piece of一片/张/段/首……
at this time在这时
a few一些;几个
fill… with…用……把……装满
cover…with…用……覆盖……
one by one一个接一个;逐个;依次
a long time很长时间
how many+可数名词复数多少……
how much+不可数名词多少……
It’s time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到(某人)做某事的时间了First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下来……然后…….最后……want + to do sth.想要做某事
forget+to do sth.忘记去做某事
how + to do sth.如何做某事
need+to do sth.需要做某事
make+宾语+形容词使……怎样
let sb. +do sth.让某人做某事
八年级上册英语知识点总结第7篇
Module 1
一、语法
1. Why don’t you do ... ?
提建 2. Why not do ... ? Thanks!
议的 3. You should (shouldn’t) do ... . 回答 Good!
表达 4. It’s a good idea to do ... . Excellent!
方式 5. Try (not) to do ... .
6. How about/ What about doing ... ?
二、重点句子
1. You should speak English in class.
2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks.
3. Why don’t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?
4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?
5. Try not to translate every word.
6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.
7. It’s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.
Module 2~4
现在完成时：
1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成了一定的影响和后果;
2. 结构：由助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成;
肯定句
现在完成时的肯定句式是“have(has)+过去分词”。

注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。

疑问句
现在完成时的.一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。

回答：Yes, … have(has).
No, … haven’t(hasn’t).
否定句：
现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+过去分词”。

3. 现在完成时的时间状语:already, just, yet, since, ever, never;
4.
与一般过去时的区别：一般过去时是强调动作在过去发生，而现在完成时是强调过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响和后果。

5.一般过去时的时间状语：yes terday, just now, …ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。

planted
(plant) some flowers in the garden last week.
have sent
(send) the letter.
has come
(come ) back home, he
is watching
(watch)
TV now.
David finished
(finish) his homework just now.
The monkeys are full, because we have fed
(feed) them.
A: I have lost
(lose) my purse!
B. Bad luck! When
did
you
lose
(lose) it?
A: I
lost
(lose) it last night.
与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already, just, ever, yet, never
肯定句: already, just
疑问句和否定句: ever, yet, never
yet 常置于句末
already, never, ever just一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前. 例：用 already, just或never, yet完成句子
1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.
2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.
3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .
4) He has already visited Beijing twice.
5) I have just heard the news. I know it.
7. 现在完成时中的for和since
(1)for + 一段时间(用How long提问)
We have known each other for ten years. 我们相识了。

(2)since + 句子/具体时间
since 引导的短语或从句用How long提问
①since+过去一个时间点(具体的年、月、日、钟点等)。

Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.
②since + 一段时间+ago
We have been friends since five months ago. 从5个月前起，我们就成了朋友。

③since+从句，表示“自过去某个时间、某件事情以来”，从句时态：一般过去时。

I have lived here since I left Shanghai.
④It is+一段时间+since从句，表示“自从某件事发生已有一段时间了”。

It is two years since I left school.
8.
在含for或since引导的时间状语的现在完成时中，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。

非延续性动词不能直接和for或since 连用。

leave --- be away die --- be dead
begin/start --- be on finish --- be over
come here --- be here go there --- be there
come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep
get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) leave --- be away from
go (get) out --- be out open sth --- keep sth open
join --- be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构
fall ill --- be ill get up --- be up
catch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keep
buy --- have get to know --- know
put on---wear
1. The old man died 4 years ago.
The old man has been dead for 4 years.
2. It is 4 years since the old man died.
Four years has passed since the old man died.
3. He joined the Party 2 years ago.
He has been in the Party for 2 years.
4. I bought the book 5 days ago.
I have had the book for 5 days.
Module 5
反意疑问句：用于对某一事物或观点没有确切的把握，或者用于加强自己的观点。

陈述句+简短的一般疑问句 [助动词/be动词/情态动词+代词]
肯定或否定与陈述句的主语一致
肯定否定
否定肯定
注意：
1. 反问部分的be动词，助动词或情态动词要与陈述句部分一致。

2. 陈述句与反问句在时态和人称上要一致。

3. 陈述句部分如果为否定句或含有否定意义的词(如：nothing，never, little,
few等)，反问句要用肯定式;陈述句部分如果式肯定句，反问部分要用否定式。

He was not at home at that time, was he?
May listens to pops everyday, doesn’t she?
We know nothing about him, do we?
You haven’t heard of him, have you?
4. 当句子为祈使句时，反问句一般用will
you，表示请求或建议对方作某事，询问对方是否愿意。

注：当祈使句为“Let’s ...”结构时，用shall we 反问。

Drive more slowly, will you?
Let’s walk out of the library quietly, shall we?
5. 回答：看陈述句的肯定部分，当事实为肯定时，用Yes;事实为否定时，用No。

当陈述句为否定句时，把否定部分忽略，只看肯定部分的意思。

Module 6
过去进行时
1. 基本概念
表示在过去某一具体时间内的某一持续性行为，即过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。

常和表示过去时间的词组或从句连用。

2. 基本结构：be动词的过去式was/were+现在分词
即：was/were+doing
was用于第一人称及第三人称单数，were用于第二人称及复数。

3. 基本句型
肯定式：was/were + doing
I/She/He was working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
2点到4点我/她/他一直都在农场里干活。

否定式：was/were + not+ doing
I/She/He wasn’t working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
2点到4点我/她/他并不在农场里干活。

疑问式：把was/were放于句首。

—Were you/they working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock?
2点到4点你/你们/他们一直都在农场里干活吗?
—Yes, I was./Yes, we/they were.
是的，我/我们/他们在干活。

—No, I wasn’t./No, we/they weren’t.
不是，我/我们/他们并没有在干活。

时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that
time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

4. 基本用法
(1)表示过去某时间正在进行的动作或持续的行为，常和表过去的时间状语连用。

I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。

(2)可用来为另一个动作的发生提供背景。

表示背景的句子通常用过去进行时，而另一个句子则用一般过去时。

He hurt his leg when he was riding a bike.
他在骑车时把腿摔坏了。

5. 现在进行时和过去进行时的区别
表示说话时正在进行的动作用现在进行时。

I am writing a letter now. (am/is/are+doing)
Look! They are waiting for you.
are working
( work ) on a farm now.
Listen! Someone is knocking
(knock) at the door.
Lucy
isn’t reading
( not read) at the moment.
Where are they? They
are running
(run) outside.
表示过去某时正在进行的动作要用过去进行时。

My parents were watching TV at 8:30 yesterday evening.
I wasn’t doing my homework when he called me.
6. 一般过去时和过去进行时的区别
相同点：两者都表示过去发生的动作。

不同点：
过去时表示过去一个完成的动作。

过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，可能没有完成。

. He read a book last night.
昨天晚上他读了一本书。

(读完了)
He was reading a story book last night.
昨天晚上他正在读故事书。

(还没有读完)
初二期末英语语法知识点总结归纳
1.主语：
表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事儿”，一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或者短语充当
例如：Gina is from Australia.
She often goes to the movies.
This kind of juice tastes good!
2.谓语：
主语发出的动作。

一般是有动作意义的动词。

谓语和主语在人称和数两个方面必须保持一致。

例如： We are both quiet.
He has a smart phone.
You should study harder.
Her parents are teachers.
3. 宾语：
分为动词宾语和介词宾语，属于动作的承受者。

例如：He's playing soccer.
Good food and exercise help me to study harder.
4. 系动词：。