名词解释秸秆浅旋还田 深翻还田 英文文献

名词解释秸秆浅旋还田深翻还田英文
文献
Straw mulching shallow tillage and deep tillage are both important agricultural practices that contribute to soil health and crop productivity.
Straw mulching is the practice of spreading straw or other crop residues on the soil surface to protect the soil from erosion, conserve moisture, and suppress weeds. This practice is commonly used in conservation agriculture and organic farming systems. The straw mulch acts as a physical barrier, reducing the impact of raindrops and wind on the soil surface, thus preventing soil erosion. It also helps to retain soil moisture by reducing evaporation and improving water infiltration. In addition, the straw mulch can suppress weed growth by blocking sunlight and preventing weed seeds from germinating. This practice is particularly beneficial in arid and semi-arid regions where water conservation is crucial for crop production.
Shallow tillage, also known as shallow plowing or cultivation, is the practice of breaking up the soil to a shallow depth without inverting the soil layers. This
practice is often used to prepare the seedbed, incorporate crop residues, and control weeds. Shallow tillage can help to improve soil structure, increase water infiltration, and promote root development. It also facilitates the decomposition of crop residues, which can release nutrients and improve soil organic matter content. However, excessive or improper shallow tillage can lead to soil compaction, loss of soil organic matter, and disruption of soil microbial communities.
Deep tillage, on the other hand, involves breaking up the soil to a greater depth, typically beyond 30 cm. Deep tillage is used to alleviate soil compaction, improve drainage, and promote root penetration. This practice is particularly beneficial in soils with high clay content or compacted layers that restrict root growth and water movement. Deep tillage can also help to incorporate organic amendments deeper into the soil profile, thus enhancing
soil fertility and structure. However, deep tillage may also disrupt soil structure and increase the risk of erosion, especially on sloping lands.
In summary, both straw mulching and shallow tillage are effective techniques for soil conservation and crop production, especially in sustainable agriculture systems. Straw mulching helps to protect the soil surface, conserve moisture, and suppress weeds, while shallow tillage
improves soil structure, water infiltration, and nutrient cycling. Deep tillage, on the other hand, is used to alleviate soil compaction, improve drainage, and enhance
root development. When used appropriately and in
combination with other conservation practices, these techniques can contribute to sustainable and productive agricultural systems.
秸秆浅旋还田和深翻还田都是重要的农业实践，有助于土壤健康
和作物产量。

秸秆浅旋还田是将秸秆或其他作物残留物覆盖在土壤表面，以保
护土壤免受侵蚀，保持水分并抑制杂草生长的一种实践。

这种实践
常用于保护农业和有机农业系统中。

秸秆覆盖物充当物理屏障，减
少雨滴和风对土壤表面的影响，从而防止土壤侵蚀。

它还有助于保
持土壤水分，减少蒸发并改善水分渗透。

此外，秸秆覆盖物还可以
通过阻挡阳光并阻止杂草种子发芽来抑制杂草生长。

这种实践在干
旱和半干旱地区特别有益，因为水资源的保护对作物生产至关重要。

浅翻耕，也称为浅犁耕或耕作，是在不颠倒土壤层的情况下将土
壤破碎到浅层的实践。

这种实践通常用于准备播种床、将作物残留
物混入土壤和控制杂草。

浅翻耕有助于改善土壤结构，增加水分渗透，并促进根系发育。

它还有助于作物残留物的分解，释放养分并
改善土壤有机质含量。

然而，过度或不当的浅翻耕可能导致土壤压实、土壤有机质流失和土壤微生物群落的破坏。

另一方面，深翻耕涉及将土壤破碎到更深的深度，通常超过30
厘米。

深翻耕用于减轻土壤压实、改善排水和促进根系穿透。

这种
实践在黏土含量高或压实层限制根系生长和水分运动的土壤中特别
有益。

深翻耕还有助于将有机改良物质深入土壤剖面，从而增强土
壤肥力和结构。

然而，深翻耕也可能破坏土壤结构并增加侵蚀风险，特别是在坡地上。

总之，秸秆浅旋还田和浅翻耕都是有效的土壤保护和作物生产技术，特别是在可持续农业系统中。

秸秆浅旋还田有助于保护土壤表面，保持水分并抑制杂草生长，而浅翻耕改善土壤结构、水分渗透
和养分循环。

另一方面，深翻耕用于减轻土壤压实、改善排水和促
进根系发育。

当适当使用并与其他保护实践结合使用时，这些技术
可以促进可持续和高产的农业系统。