对企业文化在中小企业发展中所起作用的研究英文版

the study of corporate culture's role in the
development of SME
ABSTRACT:The corporate culture is an important intangible asset in the development of enterprises,especially in the flourishing of small and medium enterprises(SME) and world economic integration,large enterprises dominate the economic development,so SME can only survive in the cracks and the development prospects are very slim. In order to enable the SME to be able to break through the blockade of the large enterprises, The SME not only should be good at seizing the opportunities of development, but also should cultivate a unique corporate culture that the majority of the employees agree. Corporate culture gather together corporate members and form an unstoppable force. In this paper,I analysis the development status of SME and use the theoretical study of the corporate culture to study the role of corporate culture on the development of SME , as well as how to nurture a corporate culture.
Keywords: Corporate culture; SME; enterprise development
Foreword
Economic globalization is the trend of economic development. World market are rge enterprises at home and abroad have seized the main market. In order to maintain market share and seek survival and development, they gave the penetration spearhead to SME survival niche pared with these multinational enterprises,there are many obvious competitive disadvantage. Under their powerful oppression, survival and development has become difficult. As a major economic power of China's economic development, SME need to conform to the requirements of the market economic development, to cultivate their own corporate culture, to establish a system of modern enterprise management , to improve the competitiveness and internal cohesion of the enterprise development, and seek a cup of soup with the large state-owned enterprises and multinational enterprises.Mr.Yu Guangyuan used to say: "The prosperity of the country rely on the economy and economic prosperity depend on enterprises, businesses rely on management and the
key of management is cultural ."
As a new management model,the management of corporate culture highlights its strong competitive ability and gets much attention of large enterprises, but SME is still relatively lacking the understanding of the corporate culture, not even make it as a resource of petitiveness and cohesion of the corporate culture is infinite and invisible.It can make the employees of the company work hard toward the common goal under the guidance of the total values.The lack of corporate culture will result in a chaotic management of the company, lacking a sense of responsibility,working inefficient,and even contrary to the direction of enterprise development.These will be the main reason for some SME abortive.Corporate culture is now changing from the machine-centric management ideas to the human-centered corporate culture management,from the transaction-centric to business-centric,from the center of hard specification and hard constraints to the center of shaping,from the short-term goals and acts as the center of management thinking to s the idea of long-term goals and acts as the center .
In order to enable SME to better understand the role of corporate culture, you should identify the gaps between successful and failure enterprises,analyze causes of the gap and corporate culture play the role on enterprise development, identify the problems that enterprises encounter in the development,and make relevant recommendations to cultivate corporate culture of SME.
1 the awareness of corporate culture of SME
"The corporate culture is mainly refers to the guiding ideology of the enterprise, business philosophy and style of work, including values,codes of conduct, ethics, cultural traditions, customs, ceremonies, management systems and corporate image." The corporate culture is mainly through the power of the spirit and culture from the management of deep standardize enterprise behavior, for enterprises to achieve strategic objectives.The corporate culture is a management theory to help enterprises solve the problem.If enterprises want to survive and develop in a complex and changing environment,they must use culture processing and good three basic
relationship,that the relationship between business and society, the relationship between the enterprise and the people, the relationship between the businesses and the natural.
Due to smaller,SME generally use simple linear management model.Linear management model is characterized by relatively simple organizational structure,accountable,unified command, supervisor general personally handling the transaction.For SME, the company owner is responsible for solving all problems and the culture of the SME are mainly influenced by the main supervisor.
In a way, SME lack the awareness of the importance of corporate culture. First of all, the corporate culture is an invisible force and cannot bring intuitive benefits to the enterprise funds, the pace of development, the scale.They think that the cultivation of corporate culture is an increase in the cost and reducing the direct benefits of the business owners.In order to maximize short-term net income, they will take casual management based on the reality of the situation and personal characteristics;Second, some small business owners lack management theoretical knowledge learning, lack the long-term development of the strategic vision, cannot think to make enterprises bigger and stronger. They think that enterprises culture is just exist in large enterprises .There is no need to cultivate the corporate culture because of fewer personnel in SME,One person can control the overall situation and deal with all things.Their own words and deeds is the corporate culture; Finally,even if many companies make the cultural construction, mostly is without substance. They do not pay attention to build the cultural connotation, just to implant the concept of corporate culture of other enterprises to their own business.This corporate culture will not be recognized by the staff and thus it is difficult to play the role of the corporate culture. According to related statistics research,the world longevity generally have impregnable corporate culture.The enterprise cultural heritage shared values of the enterprise, for future generations managers accepted. Therefore, if the SME want to grow and develop,corporate culture must be built with the characteristics of the enterprise.
2 development difficulties faced by SME
SME face with many difficulties in the process of the development,the following main points:
(1)survival market shrinks
Large enterprises have a strong force to support and can reach every corner of the world.Whether it is a big market or a small market,it can establish their own marketing team. SME are unable to compete with and only retreat from the big market to a small market,and then become almost deprived of accommodation .They can only survive in the cracks between the major companies.The surviving market is getting smaller and smaller, and the prospects of development is extremely dim. (2)the life shortened
SME generally use simple management model. Business owners often lack a systematic learning .All the basic things need owners to personally handle.With the expansion of business scale, business owners will feel it difficult to cope with it and enterprise management is inefficient.The life of many corporate is not more than one generation.Moreover, in order to expand market share and increase scale,the large enterprises will take mergers and acquisitions approach to business.
(3)limited market potential
SME financing and technical strength is weak,so it is impossible to support the development of high-tech industries.Many companies are engaged in traditional industries, but some traditional industries have meet consumer's demands and the potential consumption is limited.Because of lower barriers to entry, more competitors can enter the industry. More importantly, the profits of traditional industries is getting smaller and smaller and has reached the basic cost of the bottom line.So it can not bring more flowing cash and then expand the scale and develop new industries.
(4)development and management mode is incompatible
SME generally use simple management model because of the smaller scale.Principal executive officer take responsible for handling all aspects of the work, which requires them to have a comprehensive quality,but this is difficult to make it for SME,
resulting in all aspects of work there is a deviation.With the development of enterprises, managers will feel powerless.This needs to change the management model.The original model and the new model is inevitable conflict, even bringing enterprises to the brink of collapse.
3 the role of corporate culture on the development of SME
(1)increase employee participation in spirit
If fostering human-centered corporate culture and all things considered the interests of the employees, the employees will personally feel that they are masters of enterprise. They will think that making profit for company is for themselves,regard the company's thing as their own things and participate in the governance of the company.
(2)improve cohesion
Shared values will make employees understand the company's future development prospects which kind of business they will be.In order to achieve this common goal, they condense into a powerful force and contribute their maximum efforts.If everyone is working for their own purposes, without putting the goal of the enterprise on the work of the first, there will be various aspects of the conflict and damaging the interests of the enterprise.
(3)to strengthen the capacity of communication between employees
Employees may come from a different cultural circles, with different values and different understanding of the way.The thought of the same thing will be very different. Especially due to the staff's error understanding when the leader make an order,diametrically opposite phenomenon may occur.Corporate culture can narrow the gap,reduce the difficulties of communication,and will improve the efficiency of the work.
(4)promote enterprise development and growth
Competition in the 21st century is a talent competition,who have the talent is equivalent to have competitive advantage. Due to the social nature of the people, they are not just to make money as well as realize personal value.Possessing a good corporate culture, they will take the interests of the employees in the first place, which is conducive to the employees engaged in the enterprise, to accelerate the pace of enterprise reform and development, and to narrow the gap with the modern enterprise.
(5)shape corporate brand and improve corporate image
Due to the limitations of the living conditions,SME have no good corporate image in
the history of its development,especially trust.Shaping corporate culture can not only improve the internal culture, also can establish a corporate image, so that only the corporate culture can take on the important task of improving corporate reputation .
4 SME should take measures and suggestions when cultivate corporate culture
(1)to improve the overall quality of the small business owners
To nurture SME culture, the primary consideration is the small business owners.They are shapers and promoters of corporate culture and on behalf of a corporate image, thus the quality of the business owners play a key role in nurturing a successful corporate culture or not.Only with excellent quality,business owners will consciously set an example and respect and trust employees, rather than simply regard the staff as a tool to make money.the staff regard the development good or bad as their own things and is willing to do things for the enterprise.
(2)to cultivate the values that have enterprise's own characteristics
SME is different from large enterprises.They are usually large number ,small-scale, rapid development, stamina,short of life.This is mainly due to the business owners lacking of the people-oriented business philosophy, especially the cultivation of values.which will result in chaotic and inefficient,therefore, we should pay attention to the shaping of values. Comparing to the enterprise in the past and now, under the co-participation of all employees, refining and sublimation can display the characteristics values of the enterprise and only can it be able to distinguish from other companies that they will have a strong competitive. Especially in the economic market, the company's corporate culture are similar, would not achieve the unconventional role.
(3)building a people-oriented corporate culture
Employees are the main construction of the enterprise development, as well as the recipient of the enterprise culture.For the sake of employees and taking employees in the first place.Wages and reward is the primary way to motivate staff.In addition, we must also strengthen the concern for employees and give them respect that they should get. Such a sense of responsibility and loyalty of employees will improve, and they are willing to work for the enterprise. Otherwise,SME also should get rid of the limitations of family management and expand the range of recruitment,rather than within the family looking for the most appropriate managers, and employees is full of expectations for personal career development , not from the beginning have known the future results.
(4)building a learning organization
As well as a man,corporate should not retreat conservative while should open it's heart to accommodate hundreds of rivers.From the setting up days of the corporate,it should continuously learn the advanced culture,introduce the advanced technology and management mode, improve the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises. In
the corporate , not only individuals learn, but also they should leed the entire team learn, which will enable enterprises to become a learning organization. There is no doubt that successful companies are learning organizations.
5 conclusion
This article provides an overview of the status of the development of SME, as well as the understanding of the corporate culture,the analysis of the difficulties faced by the enterprise development, and putting forward countermeasures and suggestions for enterprises to establish the dominant corporate culture. Comprehensive discussion of this paper, the following conclusions can be drawn:
(1)SME have achieved a certain development, but it starts late and the course is short.so there are many defects in the building of enterprise culture, which runs counter to the increasingly fierce competition in the world economy and weakens the competitiveness of enterprises and hinders the development of the enterprise. Therefore, the building of the SME's corporate culture is without delay.
(2)In the development of enterprises,employees forme a set of values, codes of conduct,moral philosophy of management, which is the basis for establishing a corporate culture. Refining the unique values is the core of the corporate culture, good moral philosophy should not be overlooked.
(3)If SME establish a good corporate culture, corporate culture must be consistent with the current development of the enterprise.On the basis of their own cultural, the SME should absorb the fine traditional culture , learn from foreign advanced culture, dare to innovate,form their own cultural brand, and then promote the development of enterprises.出师表
两汉：诸葛亮
先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

宫中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同。

若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。

侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下：愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨补阙漏，有所广益。

将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰“能”，是以众议举宠为督：愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。

亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。

先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。

侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之、信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。

臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。

先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。

后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。

先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。

受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明；故五月渡泸，深入不毛。

今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。

此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。

至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。

愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。

若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、允等之慢，以彰其咎；陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。

臣不胜受恩感激。

今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。