中考英语基础突破unit1

（目前xuwei540022用户以为广大师生准备一系列中考英语突破系列-语法-听说-阅读-写作-基础unit1~unit20，欢迎下载）（本系列资料非课本仅供中考复习）谢谢
初三英语基础
Unit 1 Learning to learn
学习目标（Language Goal）
1. Talk about how to study . 学会讨论各种学习方法和策略。

2. Verb + by with gerund by＋动名词短语表示“通过…途径，方法”
在这一单元中出现的话题是“讨论如何学习”。

这个话题既有趣又实用，既能锻炼我们的口语表达能力，又能使我们学到一些实用的方法，对自身的学习大有帮助。

如何向别人请教学习方法呢？又如何回答呢？
How do you study English ? （运用特殊疑问句）
I study by listening to cassetts. （听录音带）
I study by studying with a group. （和小组一起学习）
by watching English programs on TV. （看英语电视节目）
by enjoying English songs. （听英文歌）
by taking part in English classes after school . （上课外英语班）
by getting an English tutor. （请英语家教）
by reading English magazines and newspaper . （读英文杂志、报纸）
by surfing the internet. （网上冲浪）
by making flashcards. （制作单词认读卡片）
by reading the textbook. （读教科书）
by asking the teacher for help. （请教老师）
by making vocabulary lists. （列单词表）
by taking notes carefully . （认真记笔记）
by having the English class carefully . （认真上课）
by finishing my homework seriously . （认真完成作业）
动词+by 动名词
By 为介词，后面加上动名词doing,表示通过某种方式、方法、手段做某事
另外，by做为介词的含义有很多，我们也已经学习过一些用法，总结如下（1）在…旁边、靠近
eg. There is cinema by the Shopping Mall. 购物中心边上有一个电影院。

（2）沿着、经由eg. come by the highway 由公路来
（3）由于eg. by mistake 由于差错
（4）被、由eg. some articles written by William Shakespeare. 一些由莎士比亚写的文章（5）（表示面积）eg. a room 6m,by5m 一间长六米宽五米的房间
（6）“（时间）不迟于……，到……时为止，在……之前”。

You must hand in your homework by tomorrow afternoon. 你们最迟明天下午要交作业。

（7）逐批eg. One by one 一个接一个
（8）“通过……方式，传递的方式”等
A. We went to Europe by water and returned by air.
我们乘船到欧洲去，坐飞机回来。

B. Shall I tell you the result by letter or by telephone?
我是写信还是打电话把结果告诉你
C. What do you mean by that? 你是什么意思？
（9）表示方法、途径
①The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火烧毁了。

②travel by air （land , sea）航空（陆路、航海）旅行。

③go by train （boat , bus）乘火车（船，公共汽车）去
④shake sb by the hand 和某人握手
⑤I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。

How do you learn best? （人教社英语新目标九年级P4页）
This week we asked students at New Star High School about the best ways to learn more English. Many said they learnt by using English. Some students had more specific suggestions. Lillian Li, for example, said the best way to learn new words was by reading English magazines. She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little. When we asked about studying grammar, she said, “I never study grammar. It’s too boring.”
Wei Ming feels differently. He’s been learning English for six years and really loves it. He thinks studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. He also thinks that watching English movies isn’t a bad way because he can watch the actors say the words. Sometimes, however, he finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.
Liu Chang said that joining the English club at school was the best way to improve her English. Students get lots of practice and they also have fun. She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. “We get excited about some thing and then end up speaking in Chinese,” she said.
单词：
specific adj. 明确的;详细而精确的
memorize(memorizing) v. 记忆;背诵
grammar n.语法;语法规则
differently adv.不同地;有区别地
frustrate v.使失望;使沮丧;使厌烦
frustrating adj.令人沮丧的;令人失望的
quickly adv.快地;迅速地
add v.又说;继续说
not at all 根本(不);全然(不)
excited adj.激动的;兴奋的
get excited about 对…感到兴奋
end up结束;告终
疑难解释
1. Many said they learnt by using English.
许多（学生）说他们通过使用英语来学习。

Many在这里是代词，而不是形容词，意为Many students.
Many is a large number of something.
例如：We can put away many of these bowls. We don’t need this many.
我们可以把许多碗收起来，用不着这么多。

2. not at all 根本不，全然不
eg. My brother did not like the T-shirt at all.
not经常可以和助动词结合在一起, at all 则放在句尾
3. join 参加，加入组织/俱乐部等join The Army
take part in 参加聚会/活动
4. get excited 变得兴奋起来get是系动词，有“逐渐变得”的含义
get + adj
get mad 生气
get clear变得清楚了
The long journey got us all tired.
长途旅行使得我们都疲惫不堪。

5. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事后面加动名词短语
相当于finish doing sth .
但要注意与stop doing sth 的区别
eg. We had to stop singing because somebody knocked at the door.
另外，end up with …以…结束
The party ended up with his singing.
晚会以他的歌唱而告终。

泛读
Passage A
The best way of learning a language is using it. The best way of learning English is talking in English as much as possible. Sometimes you will get your words mixed up(混合) and people will not understand you. Sometimes people will say things too quickly and you can’t understand them. But if you keep your sense of humor(幽默) , you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make. Don’t be unhappy if people seem to be laughing at your mistakes. It’s better for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be an gry with you, because they don’t understand what you are saying. The most important thing for learning Eng lish is: “Don’t be afraid of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.”
Rome wasn’t built in a day
Learning English is like building a house.
Laying a strong foundation is the first and
most important step. In other words, you
should read and speak English every day.
Memorizing new words and phrases is also
helpful. Like building a house, learning
English takes some time. So don't be impa-
tient. Remember, "Rome wasn't built in a
day."
罗马不是一天造成的
学英文就像盖房子一样。

奠定扎实的基础是第一步也是最重
要的一步。

换句话说，你应该每天读英文和说英文。

记新的单词
和短语也是很有帮助的。

就像盖房子一样，学英文需要一些时
间。

因此不要没有耐心。

记住：罗马不是一天造成的。

Passage B
Can you swim? Do you like swimming? Yes? Well, how can you learn to swim? I think the best way is to go into the water and learn. I’m afraid you will never learn t o swim just by reading books about swimming or looking at others swimming. It’s the same with the English study. We must practice, practice and practice.
Listening and speaking are very important for beginners. The children in English-speaking countries first listen to others. Then they try to imitate and speak. You can listen to English programs on the radio. You may just understand a few words. It doesn’t matter. Just be relaxed, try to catch every word.
Somebody may be a good listener. But he dar e not speak. He’s afraid of making mistakes. You know you sometimes make mistakes when you speak Chinese. Don’t be afraid. You must be brave. If you really want to learn English well, you must try to speak with everyone so long as he knows English. Whether you know him or not is not important. When there’s nobody to talk with, you can talk to yourself in English. It’s interesting and also a good way to practice your spoken English. Remember, the more you speak, the fewer mistakes you will make.
Reading and writing are more important for senior school students. First you must choose the books you are interested in. A lot of reading will improve your language sense. This is the most important.
Keep writing English diaries. You can also write English articles. You may even post them to English magazines. Don’t be afraid of failure. Failure is the mother of success.
Easier said than done. Well, let’s do more practice from now on. I’m sure you will learn English well in this way.
讲解：
In this way 用这种方式、这种方法
In the way 挡路Don’t stand in my way, get out of here.
On the way 在路上
By the way 顺便说，顺便提
最后我送给大家一个典故，一个天使angel曾经问过上帝这样一个问题，你们要听好：“when did Noah build the Ark? 这句话的中文意思就是：“诺亚什么时候建的方舟？”上帝听了转头微微一笑回答说：“Before the rain.”在雨前建的。

这句话蕴涵了很深的道理对不对？你们现在初三，中考对于你们越来越近。

我打个比方，大家现在好比站在平原上面快乐地跳舞、快乐地奔跑、快乐地嬉戏。

但是你有没有想到在一年之后，有一场暴雨肯定要来临，席卷每个人，所有人都不能幸免。

当洪水漫过你的口鼻，抑制住你的呼吸时，你就会想我的方舟在哪里？到那时你只能潸然泪下，带着遗憾变成一具死尸了。

所以同学们趁着现在我们还
在平原上，阳光还灿烂，让我们拿起笔，作为我们的斧头，砍下属于我们的第一根树枝，从这第一根树枝起构建我们自己的方舟。

希望大家在中考时都能拥有自己的方舟。