2019年Gleam__Glimmer__Glint__Glitter__Shimmer等词的辨析

2019年Gleam__Glimmer__Glint__Glitter__Shimmer等词
的辨析
Dazzle, Glare, Flash, Flicker, Gleam, Glimmer, Glint, Glitter, Glisten, , Glow, Shimmer, Sparkle, Twinkle及其它同类词的辨析
1. dazzle: If a very bright light dazzles you, it
2. stops you from seeing properly for a short time.
3.
4. 例：a deer dazzled by the headlights
5.
6. Dazzle是"刺眼、晃眼"的意思，特别当光线照得人短时间看
7. 不清物体时使用，与下文其他的"刺眼"选手颇有区别。

8.
9. 2. flash: to shine suddenly and brightly for a short
10. time, or to make something shine in this way; If a
11. light flashes or if you flash a light, it shines with a
12. sudden bright light, especially as quick, regular
13. flashes of light.
14.
15. 例：Lightning flashed overhead.
16. Flash是快速地发出强光，意为"闪光"，是闪光一族的普通
17. 意义，后文还有多个闪光词汇。

18.
19. 3. flicker: to burn or shine with an unsteady light
20. that goes on and off quickly; If a light or flame
21. flickers, it shines unsteadily.
22.
23. 例：The overhead lights flickered momentarily.
24. Flicker也是闪光，但是与flash闪得不同。

Flash是闪出强
25. 光，闪一下马上消失，再接着闪出强光，比如打雷之前的闪电
就
26. 是典型的flash；flicker也是"闪光门"高手，可是它只能闪出不
27. 太强的光，并且极不稳定，闪光时忽明忽暗，译为"闪烁、摇曳"，
28. 这个词很浪漫，总令人想到Casablanca中迷人的汽车旅馆和那
29. 对恋人一起试过的那个long, hot summer's night.
30.
31.
32. 4. glare: to shine with a very strong bright light
33. which hurts your eyes; If the sun or a light glares, it
34. shines with a very bright light which is difficult to
35. look at;
36.
37. 例：The sun glared down on us.
38. 这个已经不是闪光门弟子了，这是发出非常耀眼的光芒，让
39. 眼睛产生不适，且不适效果大大高于dazzle，有可能出现较长时
40. 间的失明。

比如氧焊时，如果不戴眼罩看了那种强烈的白光后，
41. 好一会儿看不见东西，那就是一种glaring light, 比dazzling
42. light历害多了。

43.
44. 5. gleam: to shine softly [= glimmer]; If an object or a
45. surface gleams, it reflects light because it is shiny
46. and clean.
47.
48. 例：His teeth gleamed under his mustache；
49. Blue-white moonlight gleamed through the window,
50. throwing the shadows of the bars across the floor.
51. 淡蓝色的月光透过窗户照进房来，窗条的影子斜斜地映在地板上。

52. Gleam是"发出微光"，其微弱程度与下文要提及的glimmer 相
53. 同，似乎在写作中二者完全可以互换使用，不过“柯林斯”字典
54. 告诉我们，glimmer的光有点unsteady，类似于flicker。

gleam
55. 是稳定的光线，不会晃动。

56.
57. 6. glimmer: If something glimmers, it produces or
58. reflects a faint, gentle, often unsteady light; to shine
59. with a light that is not very bright [= gleam]: a weak,
60. glimmering light
61. 朗文字典认为glimmer等于gleam，但是柯林斯和牛津皆认为
62. glimmer含有unsteady之意，是to shine with a faint
63. unsteady light，因此一定要与gleam区别开来。

glimmer 与
64. flicker相近，也有“光线晃动”之意，但是没有flicker那么"
65. 摇曳"得历害：
66.
67. A beam of gleaming light 一道微弱的光线
68. A beam of glimmering light 一束昏暗、摇曳的光线
69.
70. 7. glint: if a shiny surface glints, it gives out small
71. flashes of light [= sparkle]; If something glints, it
72. produces or reflects a quick flash of light. (WRITTEN);
73. = glisten; to produce small bright flashes of light:
74.
75. 例：
76. The sea glinted in the moonlight；The sun glinted on the
77. windows；The gold rims of his spectacles glinted in the
78. sun.
79. 该词使用场景描述：一群孩子在草丛中玩耍时，突然一个小
80. 孩惊叫起来，"看呀，前边草丛里有东西在发亮"。

众人走近一看，
81. 原来是一只银戒指；夏日某夜，有淡淡的月光，四周万籁俱寂，
82. 我心事重重，独自来到沙滩上，看着黑黝黝的海水，听着潮涨潮
83. 落出神。

月亮渐升渐高，月入中天之时，月光不如先前一样昏暗，
84. 海面一下子亮了起来，我看见涨潮的时候，海边奔涌着浅灰色的
85. 浪花。

86.
87. 以上两个场景是我臆想的，都适用glint这个词。

Glint的关
88. 键点是"闪（泛）着微光"，并且光线在变幻。

8. glitter: to shine brightly with flashing points of
light [= sparkle]；to shine brightly with little flashes
of light, like a diamond sparkle
例：The ceiling of the cathedral glittered with gold；The river glittered in the sunlight.
Glitter一听就比glint, gleam, glimmer等感觉要好，“阳
气”要大得多，是积极的、明亮的，正大光明的。

其发光比较亮丽，常用于阳光照射下物体反光
9. glisten: to shine and look wet or oily; If
something glistens, it shines, usually because it is wet
or oily
例：Her eyes were glistening with tears；
Sweat glistened on his forehead.；The road glistened wet after the rain；The boy's back was glistening with sweat；glistening black hair
这个词非常浪漫，非常美，往往与水、油等有关。

发出的光
令人感觉到湿漉漉的或者油亮油亮的。

第1个例句非常棒，女孩珠泪莹然，楚楚动人的样子，还有美女出浴之后，头发湿湿的，在灯光下就是glistening的感觉。

此处glistened with tears就是那种"闪着眼泪花的感觉"；
后句"他的额头渗出了汗珠"，下一句是"雨后路面湿得发亮"。

10. glister: (literary) to shine brightly with little
flashes of light, like a diamond
这是一个文气词，常用在文学作品中，与glitter一样，都
是指"闪着明亮的光"。

11. glow: to produce or reflect a soft steady
light [= shine]；(especially of sth hot or warm) to
produce a dull, steady light:
例：The fireplace was still glowing with the remains of last night's fire；The red tip of his cigarette was glowing in the dark；The strap has a fluorescent coating that glows in the dark.
Glow是指发出或者反射出一种柔和的光，一般都有强烈或者
微弱的热量发出，例句中烟头在暗处发出的光，壁炉中燃烧的火发出的光，背包肩带上涂有荧光粉，在黑暗中发出的光，都是用glow。

12. beam: to send out a line of light, heat, energy etc;
to produce a stream of light and/or heat
例：The morning sun beamed down on us； Light beamed through a hole in the curtain；The sun beamed through the clouds. 这个词只当发光讲，没有任何限制或者修饰意义，是最普通的发光。

13. shimmer: to shine with a soft light that looks as
if it shakes slightly; to shine with a soft light that
seems to move slightly
例：The sea was shimmering in the sunlight; The lake shimmered in the moonlight.
这个词超级浪漫，其浪漫程度与glisten有过之而无不及。

它特指在光线的照耀下物体感觉在轻微晃动，如：月光下湖面平滑如镜，微风吹过，湖面荡起一阵涟漪，远远望去，整个湖水都在月光中摇曳起来，这就是shimmering的效果。

14. shine: to produce bright light; to produce or
reflect light; to be bright:
例：The sun shone brightly in a cloudless sky；The dark polished wood shone like glass；The sun was shining；The moon shone brightly in the sky.
这个词有时可与beam换用，但beam还可指发热、传导能量、无线电波等，而shine永远只能是发光，并且多为比较明亮的光。

15. sparkle: to shine in small bright flashes; to
shine brightly with small flashes of light；If something sparkles, it is clear and bright and shines with a lot
of very small points of light.
例：sparkling eyes；Her jewellery sparkled in the candle light；The sea sparkled in the sun；The crystal chandelier sparkled.
这是"发火花, 闪耀"之意，特指星星点点的闪光，比如春节
放烟火时，夜空中盛开的各式烟火图案就可以称作sparkling
fireworks patterns，区别于glow, glitter等，特指"数量多"。

16. twinkle: if a star or light twinkles, it shines in
the dark with an unsteady light; to shine with a light
that keeps changing from bright to faint to bright again
例：Stars twinkled in the sky.；twinkling lights in the distance
这个眨眼睛就一定是twinkle了，不过人眨眼
睛时可以说wink，星星就不可以。

远处的灯光忽明忽暗，也说
twinkle。

比如农村人迷信，说看到了"鬼火"一闪一闪的（那其
实是死人骨头中的磷遇空气中的氧而自燃，有动物衔着骨头走动因此看起来是一闪一闪的）。

17. wink: to shine with a light that flashes on and off
[= blink]: to shine with an unsteady light; to flash on
and off SYN blink:
例：We could see the lights of the ship winking in the distance.
Wink是人眨眼睛，也可指光线一闪一闪的，与blink相同，
可是眨眼的含义还是有细微区别。

Wink时有“暗示什么东东”之意，而blink只是普通的眨眼。

比如，你和朋友约定一件事不能穿帮，朋友说到此事时你立即大眨其眼，暗示他不可点破，此处用wink而不用blink。

表示光线一闪一闪时二者可以换用。