高考英语语法专项突破训练专题16-倒装句和省略句
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专题十六倒装句和省略句重难点分析
一、倒装句
倒装句主要考查以下几个方面:
◆含有否定意味的词置于句首,用部分倒装;
◆“only+状语/状语从句”置于句首,用部分倒装;
◆so/such…that句型中,“so+形容词/副词”提前,用部分倒装;
◆表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首,要用完全倒装。
1. 倒装句用法一览表:
2. 特别提示
(1) there be结构的倒装句型中,除了be动词之外,there后还可接lie, live, seem to be等。如:There lived an old man in the village long long ago. 很久很久以前,村子里住着一位老人。
(2) here, there, now, then, up, down, away, out等副词位于句首,主语为代词时不到装。如:Away it flew. 它飞走了。
(3) 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首,主句倒装,主句倒装,但是主语为代词时不倒装。如:“You have to finish it tonight,” she said. “今晚你必须完成它,”她说。
(4) so位于句首不倒装的情况:
① 主语与前句相同,表赞同,译为“确实如此”。如:
— Mike studies hard. 迈克学习很刻苦。
— So he does. 确实是。
② 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事,前句如果列举了两种事实以上,用“so it is/was with sb./sth.”回答。如:
— Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble. 汤姆很友好,经常帮助处于困境中的人。
— So it is with his father. 他父亲也是。
(5) 使用as/though进行倒装时注意:
①句首有名词,名词不能带任何冠词。如:Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. 尽管他是个孩子,却能够明辨是非。
②句首是实义动词时,其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如:
Try hard as he will, he never seems to be able to do the work satisfactorily. 虽然他尽力了,但他的工作总做得不尽如人意。
(6) not until位于句首的倒装结构中,如果是复合句,只有主句用倒装,从句不用。如:
Not until he loses his health will he give up smoking. 他直到失去健康才会戒烟。
二、省略句
高考命题导向:省略是一种避免重复,保持简洁的语法手段。缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分,但在一定语境中能够独立存在,意义明确,并且能发挥交际功能的句子叫作省略句。高考主要是考查省略在固定结构中的运用。
省略句用法一览表:
考点练透
一、完成句子根据句意或括号中所给的提示完成句子。
1. Not until ___________ (I; shout) at the top of my voice ___________ (he; turn) his head.
2. I won the prize at last. Never in my life ___________ (I; feel) so happy.
3. Hardly ___________ (the thief; see) the police ___________ he ran away.
4. — Hurry up! There ___________ (the bell; go).
— My goodness! Has Mrs. Li come yet?
— Look! Here ___________ (she; come).
5. Not only ___________ (he; like) singing, but ___________ (he; have) a good voice.
6. — David has passed the final exam smoothly.
— So ___________ (he; have), and ___________ (I; have).
7. So ___________ (he; be frightened) in the darkness that he did not dare to move an inch.
8. Up ___________ (the balloon; go) into the air.
9. At the foot of the mountain ___________ (a village; lie).
10. I have tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ___________ (the teacher; be satisfied) with my progress.
11. If Joe’s wife doesn’t go to the party, neither ___________ (他也不去).
12. Should ___________ (如果明天下雨), we would have to put off the sports meeting.
13. Child ___________ (尽管只是孩子), he shows great consideration towards the others.
14. — Mike hadn’t passed the exam and was afraid of being scolded.
— ___________ (我也一样).
15. ________________________ (我们一听到铃声) than we rushed into the classroom.
16. — He hasn’t finished the work yet.
— Well, he _____________________ (本该完成).
17. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ___________ (see) whether he was going in the