2018年北京高考英语试卷与答案
2018 北京高考英语真题(含答案)
2018年高考英语真题卷（北京卷）一、单项填空1.（2018•北京）—Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around?—Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2.（2018•北京）_________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A.AlthoughB.WhileC.IfD.Until3.（2018•北京）_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4.（2018•北京）Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5.（2018•北京）She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that6.（2018•北京）During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7.（2018•北京）China's high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8.（2018•北京）In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A.pressB.to pressC.pressingD.pressed9.（2018•北京）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10.（2018•北京）Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11.（2018•北京）Without his support, we wouldn't be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12.（2018•北京）In today's information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems fora company.A.needB.shouldC.canD.must13.（2018•北京）They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14.（2018•北京）—Good morning, Mr. Lee's office.—Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15.（2018•北京）This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what二、完形填空16.（2018•北京）完形填空The Homeless HeroFor many, finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the 1 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 2 more remarkable.After spotting a 3 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 4 to return.After hours in the cold and wet, he 5 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver, only to 6 it contained £400 in notes, with another £50 in spare change beside it.He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 7 a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car's owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth £35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were 8 to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was 9 .The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 10 .Mr. Anderson said：＂I couldn't believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight 11 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and 12 he didn't take the wallet for himself；he thought about others 13 . It's unbelievable. It just proves there are 14 guys out there.＂Mr. Smith's act 15 much of the public's attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 16 about the act of kindness on Facebook.Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 17 money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown 18 him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he's had job 19 and all sorts,＂Mr. Anderson commented.For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 20 . The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.1. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort2. A. still B. even C. ever D. once3. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel4. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman5. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached6. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe7. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing8. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked9. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen10. A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement11. A. when B. if C. where D. because12. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just13. A. too B. though C. again D. instead14. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous15. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew16. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard17. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn18. A. of B. at C. for D. in19. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications20. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge三、阅读理解17.（2018•北京）阅读理解AMy First Marathon（马拉松）A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.（1）A month before the marathon, the author ____________.A. was well trainedB. felt scaredC. made up his mind to runD. lost hope（2）Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D. To share a precious memory.（3）How was the author's first marathon?A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize.D. He walked to the end.（4）What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn.18.（2018•北京）阅读理解BFind Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) CenterIf you're looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what they're studying in the classroom.For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world.The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of ＂downed＂pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a week — there is something here for everyone!For more details, please visit us online at .（1）Why do people come to SAC?A. To experience adventures.B. To look for jobs in aviation.C. To get a degree in engineering.D. To learn more about medicine.（2）To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to .A. fly to spaceB. get an Aviation badge firstC. study the principles of flightD. build and fire model rockets（3）What is the most important for trainees?A. Leadership.B. Team spirit.C. Task planning.D. Survival skills.19.（2018•北京）阅读理解CPlastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth canbreak down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms' stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms' ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂（1）What can we learn about the worms in the study?A. They take plastics as their everyday food.B. They are newly evolved creatures.C. They can consume plastics.D. They wind up in landfills.（2）According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to .A. identify other means of the breakdownB. find out the source of the enzymeC. confirm the research findingsD. increase the breakdown speed（3）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might .A. help to raise wormsB. help make plastic bagsC. be used to clean the oceansD. be produced in factories in future（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.20.（2018•北京）阅读理解DPreparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortablewith the technology.Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.（1）According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can __________. A. help deal with transportation-related problems B. provide better services to customers C. cause damage to our environment D. make some people lose jobs（2）As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern?A. Safety.B. Side effects.C. Affordability.D. Management. （3）What does the underlined word ＂fielded＂in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Employed.B. Replaced.C. Shared.D. Reduced.（4）What is the author's attitude to the future of self-driving cars?A. Doubtful.B. Positive.C. Disapproving.D. Sympathetic.四、任务型阅读21.（2018•北京）任务型阅读Why Do We Get Angry?Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. ________ Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more.________ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one's personal history and psychological traits.Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. ________ Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.________Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.________However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger toappear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.五、书面表达22.（2018•北京）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。
2018北京高考英语试题及答案.doc
2018 年北京高考英语试题第I 卷第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）（略）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的ABCD 四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。
例： It’ s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What ’ s moreB. That ’ s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是 D。
21.______the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A. CatchingB. CaughtC. To catchD. Catch22.----Did you enjoy the party?----Yes. We ______well by our hosts.A. Were treatedB. Would be treatedC. TreatedD. Had treated23.The park was full of people, ______themselves in the sunshine .A. Having enjoyedB. EnjoyedC. EnjoyingD. To enjoy24.Opposite is St.Paul ’sChurch, ______you can hear some lovely music.A. WhichB. ThatC. WhenD. Where25.He is shy man, ____ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.A. soB. butC. orD. as26.In the last few years, chine ____ great achievements in environmental protection.A. Has madeB. Had madeC. Was makingD. Is making27. ----Did you have difficulty finding Ann’shouse?---- Not really. She ____ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.A. was to give B had given C was giving D would give28.You won ’tfind paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.A. even ifB. as long as C .as if D. ever since29.—Can ’tyou stay a little longer?—It’sgetting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare30.—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.— All right. I____ him later.A. will callB. have calledC. call D will be calling31.If ___for the job, you’llbe informed soon.A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted32._____the damage is dooe, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.A.UntillB.UnlessC. OnceD.Although33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.A. thatB.whereC. whatD.why34.If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’thave believed it.A .didn ’tsee B.weren ’tseeing C. Wouldn ’tsee D.hadn ’tseen35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A. WhereB.HowC.WhyD. When第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每题 1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下边短文，掌握其粗心，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。
2018年北京高考英语试卷及答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）第一部分: 知识运用（共两节,45 分）第一节单项填空（共15小题; 每小题1分,共15分）从每题所给的A B C D四个选中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上: 将该项涂黑。
例：it's so nice to hear from her again ___ ,we last met more than thirty years ago.A. what's moreB. That 'sto sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. -Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around ？-Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just ___ on Mon day.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. ___ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in theworld will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. ___ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewardingexperienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susa n had quit her well-paid job and ___ as a volun teer in the neighborhood. when I visited her last yearA. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fitA. whichB. whoC. asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gathertogether ____ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the pastfewyears.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any un safe situati on, simply ______ the butt on and a highly-trai ned agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ___________ i n the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordi nary soap, _____ correctly, can deal with bacteriaeffectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we would n't be ___ w e are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today's in formatio n age, the loss of data __ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they __ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had drive n14. -Good morning, Mr. lee's office.-Good morning. I'd like to make an appo in tme nt ___n ext Wedn esday after noon.A. forB. onC. i nD. at15. This is ____ my father has taught me-to always face difficultiesand hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. theD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018北京高考英语试题及答案
2018年北京高考英语试题第I卷第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，共7.5 分）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）（略）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，共15 分）从每题所给的ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
21.______the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A. CatchingB. CaughtC. To catchD. Catch22.----Did you enjoy the party?----Yes. We ______well by our hosts.A. Were treatedB. Would be treatedC. TreatedD. Had treated23.The park was full of people, ______themselves in the sunshine .A. Having enjoyedB. EnjoyedC. EnjoyingD. To enjoy24.Opposite is St.Paul’s Church, ______you can hear some lovely music.A. WhichB. ThatC. WhenD. Where25.He is shy man, ____ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.A. soB. butC. orD. as26.In the last few years, chine ____ great achievements in environmental protection.A. Has madeB. Had madeC. Was makingD. Is making27. ----Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?---- Not really. She ____ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.A. was to give B had given C was giving D would give28.You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.A. even ifB. as long as C .as if D. ever since29.—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare30.—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right. I____ him later.A. will callB. have calledC. call D will be calling31.If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon.A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted32._____the damage is dooe, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.A.UntillB.UnlessC. OnceD.Although33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.A. thatB.whereC. whatD.why34.If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.A .didn’t see B.weren’t seeing C. Wouldn’t see D.hadn’t seen35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A. WhereB.HowC.WhyD. When第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。
2018北京高考英语真题含答案
2018年高考英语真题卷（卷）一、单项填空1.（2018•）—Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around?—Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2.（2018•）_________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A.AlthoughB.WhileC.IfD.Until3.（2018•）_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4.（2018•）Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5.（2018•）She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that6.（2018•）During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7.（2018•）China's high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8.（2018•）In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A.pressB.to pressC.pressingD.pressed9.（2018•）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10.（2018•）Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11.（2018•）Without his support, we wouldn't be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12.（2018•）In today's information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A.needB.shouldC.canD.must13.（2018•）They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14.（2018•）—Good morning, Mr. Lee's office.—Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15.（2018•）This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what二、完形填空16.（2018•）完形填空The Homeless HeroFor many, finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the 1 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 2 more remarkable.After spotting a 3 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 4 to return.After hours in the cold and wet, he 5 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver, only to 6 it contained £400 in notes, with another £50 in spare change beside it.He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 7 a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car's owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth £35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were 8 to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was 9 .The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 10 .Mr. Anderson said：＂I couldn't believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight 11 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and12 he didn't take the wallet for himself；he thought about others13 . It's unbelievable. It just proves there are 14 guys outthere.＂Mr. Smith's act 15 much of the public's attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 16 about the act of kindness on Facebook.Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 17 money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown 18 him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he's had job 19 and all sorts,＂Mr. Anderson commented.For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 20 . The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.1. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort2. A. still B. even C. ever D. once3. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel4. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman5. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached6. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe7. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing8. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked9. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seenD.10. A. service B. support C. kindnessencouragement11. A. when B. if C. where D. because12. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just13. A. too B. though C. again D. instead14. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous15. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew16. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard17. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn18. A. of B. at C. for D. in19. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications20. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge三、阅读理解17.（2018•）阅读理解AMy First Marathon（马拉松）A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against myown body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.（1）A month before the marathon, the author ____________.A. was well trainedB. felt scaredC. made up his mind to runD. lost hope（2）Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D. To share a precious memory.（3）How was the author's first marathon?A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize.D. He walked to the end.（4）What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn.18.（2018•）阅读理解BFind Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) CenterIf you're looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what they're studying in the classroom.For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flightsimulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of ＂downed＂pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a week — there is something here for everyone!For more details, please visit us online at .oursac..（1）Why do people come to SAC?A. To experience adventures.B. To look for jobs in aviation.C. To get a degree in engineering.D. To learn more about medicine.（2）To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to .A. fly to spaceB. get an Aviation badge firstC. study the principles of flightD. build and fire model rockets （3）What is the most important for trainees?A. Leadership.B. Team spirit.C. Task planning.D. Survival skills.19.（2018•）阅读理解CPlastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms' stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms' ability to break down their everyday food —beeswax —also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was notinvolved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process —not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂（1）What can we learn about the worms in the study?A. They take plastics as their everyday food.B. They are newly evolved creatures.C. They can consume plastics.D. They wind up in landfills.（2）According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to .A. identify other means of the breakdownB. find out the source of the enzymeC. confirm the research findingsD. increase the breakdown speed（3）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might . A. help to raise worms B. help make plastic bagsC. be used to clean the oceansD. be produced in factories in future（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.20.（2018•）阅读理解DPreparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designedto move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.（1）According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can __________.A. help deal with transportation-related problemsB. provide better services to customersC. cause damage to our environmentD. make some people lose jobs （2）As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern?A. Safety.B. Side effects.C. Affordability.D. Management.（3）What does the underlined word ＂fielded＂in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Employed.B. Replaced.C. Shared.D. Redu ced.（4）What is the author's attitude to the future of self-driving cars?A. Doubtful.B. Positive.C. Disapproving.D. Symp athetic.四、任务型阅读21.（2018•）任务型阅读Why Do We Get Angry?Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. ________Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would takehundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more.________ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one's personal history and psychological traits.Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. ________ Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.________Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.________However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feelangry.E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background ofyour mind.F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselveswith a critical eye.G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person mayor may not trigger another.五、书面表达22.（2018•）假设你是红星中学高三学生华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来上大学。
2018年北京高考英语真题及答案
2018年北京高考英语真题及答案本试卷共14页，共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met more than thirt y years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around.—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC.asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today’s information age, th e loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14. —G ood morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
完整word版,2018年北京高考英语试卷及答案(20211102185146)
2018年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试英语(北京卷)第一部分 : 知识运用 ( 共两节 ,45 分)第一节单项填空 ( 共15小题 ; 每题 1分 , 共 15分),从每题所给的A、 B、 C、 D四个选中, 选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项并在答题卡上 : 将该项涂黑。
例： it's so nice to hear from her again＿＿，we last met more than thirty years ago.A. what's moreB. That ’sto sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是 D。
1. -Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around？-Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just＿＿on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2.＿＿ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants inthe world will be gone.A. AlthoughB.WhileC.IfD.Until3.＿＿ along the old Silk Road is an interesting andrewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and＿＿as a volunteer in the neighborhood. when I visited her last yearA. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5.She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keepfit A. whichB. whoC.asD.that6.During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gathertogether ＿＿ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB.to shareC. having sharedD. shared7.China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers inthe pastfew years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply ＿＿ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC.pressingD.pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who＿＿ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10.Ordinary soap, ＿＿ correctly, can deal with bacteriaeffectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn't be＿＿we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today's information age, the loss of data＿＿cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they＿＿a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14.-Good morning, Mr. lee's office.-Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment ＿＿ next Wednesday afternoon.A.forB.onC.inD.at15.This is ＿＿ my father has taught me-to always face difficultiesand hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. theD.what第二节完形填空（共 20小题；每题 1.5 分，共 30分）阅读下边短文，掌握其粗心，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中 , 选出最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。
2018年北京市高考英语试卷及答案
2018年北京市高考英语试卷第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．例：It's so nice to hear from her again.__，we last met more than thirty years ago．A．what's moreB．That's to sayC．In other wordsD．Believe it or not答案是D．1．（1分）﹣Hi，I'm Peter．Are you new here？I haven't seen you around？﹣Hello，Peter．I'm Bob．I just______on Monday．（）A．start B．have started C．started D．had started2．（1分）______we don't stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone．（）A．Although B．While C．If D．Until3．（1分）______along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience．（）A．Travel B．TravelingC．Having traveled D．Traveled4．（1分）Susan had quit her well﹣paid job and ______as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year．（）A．is working B．was working C．has worked D．had worked5．（1分）She and her family bicycle to work，helps them keep fit．（）A．which B．who C．as D．that6．（1分）During the Mid﹣Autumn Festival，family members often gather together_______a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes．（）A．share B．to shareC．having shared D．shared7．（1分）China's high﹣speed railways from 9，000 to 25，000 kilometers in the past few years．（）A．are growing B．have grown C．will grow D．had grown8．（1分）In any unsafe situation，simply______the button and a highly﹣trained agent will get you the help you need．（）A．press B．to press C．pressing D．pressed9．（1分）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who______in the mountains for two days．（）A．are trapping B．have been trappedC．were trapping D．had been trapped10．（1分）Ordinary soap，______correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively．（）A．used B．to use C．using D．use11．（1分）Without his support，we wouldn't be______we are now．（）A．how B．when C．where D．why12．（1分）In today's information age，the loss of data______cause serious problems for a company．（）A．need B．should C．can D．must13．（1分）They might have found a better hotel if they_______a few more kilometers．（）A．drove B．would driveC．were to drive D．had driven14．（1分）﹣Good morning，Mr．Lee's office．﹣Good morning．I'd like to make an appointment_______next Wednesday afternoon．（）A．for B．on C．in D．at15．（1分）This is________my father has taught me﹣to always face difficulties and hope for the best．（）A．how B．which C．that D．what第二节完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．16．（30分）The Homeless HeroFor many，finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be asource（来源）of temptation（诱惑）．But the （1）would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money．All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith （2）more remarkable．After spotting a （3）on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down，he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the （4）to return．After hours in the cold and wet，he （5）inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver，only to （6）it contained £400 in notes，with another £50 in spare change beside it．He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after （7） a note behind to let the owner know it was safe．When the car's owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car﹣which was itself worth £35，000﹣in Glasgow city centre，they were（8）to find two policemen standing next to it．The policemen told them what Mr．Smith did and that the wallet was （9）．The pair were later able to thank Mr．Smith for his （10）．Mr．Anderson said："I couldn't believe that the guy never took a penny．To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight （11）he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in．This guy has nothing and （12）he didn't take the wallet for himself；he thought about others（13）．It's unbelievable．It just proves there are （14）guys out there．"Mr．Smith's act （15）much of the public's attention．He also won praise from social media users after Mr．Anderson （16）about the act of kindness on Facebook．Now Mr．Anderson has set up an online campaign to （17）money for Mr．Smith and other homeless people in the area，which by yesterday had received ￡8，000．"I think the faith that everyone has shown （18）him has touched him．People have been approaching him in the street；he's had job （19）and all sorts，"Mr．Anderson commented．For Mr．Smith，this is a possible life﹣changing （20）．The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another．（1）A．hope B．aim C．urge D．effort（2）A．still B．even C．ever D．once（3）A．wallet B．bag C．box D．parcel（4）A．partner B．colleague C．owner D．policeman（5）A．turned B．hid C．stepped D．reached（6）A．discover B．collect C．check D．believe（7）A．taking B．leaving C．reading D．writing（8）A．satisfied B．excited C．amused D．shocked（9）A．safe B．missing C．found D．seen（10）A．service B．support C．kindness D．encouragement （11）A．when B．if C．where D．because（12）A．rather B．yet C．already D．just（13）A．too B．though C．again D．instead（14）A．honest B．polite C．rich D．generous（15）A．gave B．paid C．cast D．drew（16）A．learned B．posted C．cared D．heard（17）A．borrow B．raise C．save D．earn（18）A．of B．at C．for D．in（19）A．details B．changes C．offers D．applications（20）A．lesson B．adventure C．chance D．challenge第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．17．（8分）AMy First Marathon（马拉松）A month before my first marathon，one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks，leaving me only two weeks to train．Yet，I was determined to go ahead．I remember back to my 7th year in school．In my first P．E．class，the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball．I didn't do either well．He laterinformed me that I was" not athletic"．The idea that I was "not athletic" stuck with me for years．When I started running in my 30s，I realized running was a battle against myself，not about competition or whether or not I was athletic．It was all about the battle against my own body and mind．A test of wills!The night before my marathon，I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line．I woke up sweating and nervous，but ready to prove something to myself．Shortly after crossing the start line，my shoe laces （鞋带）became untied．So I stopped to readjust．Not the start I wanted！At mile 3，I passed a sign：" GO FOR IT，RUNNERS!"By mile 17，I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly．Despite the pain，I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again．By mile 21，I was starving！As I approached mile 23，I could see my wife waving a sign．She is my biggest fan．She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a．m．or questioned my expenses on running．I was one of the final runners to finish．But I finished! And I got a medal．In fact，I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had．Determined to be myself，move forward，free of shame and worldly labels （世俗标签），I can now call myself a "marathon winner"．（1）A month before the marathon，the author．A．was well trainedB．felt scaredC．made up his mind to runD．lost hope（2）Why did the author mention the P．E．class in his 7th year？A．To acknowledge the support of his teacher．B．To amuse the readers with a funny story．C．To show he was not talented in sports．D．To share a precious memory．（3）How was the author's first marathon？A．He made it．B．He quit halfway．C．He got the first prize．D．He walked to the end．（4）What does the story mainly tell us？A．A man owes his success to his family support．B．A winner is one with a great effort of will．C．Failure is the mother of success．D．One is never too old to learn．18．（6分）BFind Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation （航空）Center If you're looking for a unique adventure，the Space and Aviation Center（SAC）is the place to be．The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands﹣on tasks and lots of fun．More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC，with many seeking employment in engineering，aviation，education，medicine and a wide variety of other professions．They come to camp，wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot，and they leave with real﹣world applications for what they're studying in the classroom．For the trainees，the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges（荣誉徽章）．At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets，learn about space tasks and try simulated （模拟）flying to space with the crew from all over the world．The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge．They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit（驾驶舱）of a variety of flight simulators．Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water﹣and land﹣survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a "downed" pilot．With all the programs，teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task．All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18．Families can enjoy the experiencetogether，too，with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7．Stay an hour or stay a week﹣﹣there is something here for everyone!For more details，please visit us online at www．oursac．com．（1）Why do people come to SAC？A．To experience adventures．B．To look for jobs in aviation．C．To get a degree in engineering．D．To learn more about medicine．（2）To earn a Space Exploration badge， a trainee needs to．A．fly to spaceB．get an Aviation badge firstC．study the principles of flightD．build and fire model rockets（3）What is the most important for trainees？A．Leadership．B．Team spirit．C．Task planning．D．Survival skills．19．（8分）CPlastic﹣Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year．Almost half of that winds up in landfills（垃圾填埋场），and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans．So far there is no effective way to get rid of it，but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms．Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene，which accounts for 40% of plastics．The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours，and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams，or almost 3% ofit．To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown，the researchers made some worms into paste（糊状物）and applied it to plastic films．14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass﹣﹣apparently broken down by enzymes（酶）from the worms' stomachs．Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017．Federica Bertocchini，co﹣author of the study，says the worms' ability to break down their everyday food﹣beeswax﹣also allows them to break down plastic．"Wax is a complex mixture，but the basic bond in polyethylene，the carbon﹣carbon bond，is there as well，"she explains．"The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond．"Jennifer DeBruyn，a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee，who was not involved in the study，says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene．But compared with previous studies，she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting．The next step，DeBruyn says，will be to identify the cause of the breakdown．Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes（肠道微生物）？Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills．But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process﹣not simply "millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic．"（1）What can we learn about the worms in the study？A．They take plastics as their everyday food．B．They are newly evolved creatures．C．They can consume plastics．D．They wind up in landfills．（2）According to Jennifer DeBruyn，the next step of the study is to．A．identify other means of the breakdownB．find out the source of the enzymeC．confirm the research findingsD．increase the breakdown speed（3）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might．A．help to raise wormsB．help make plastic bagsC．be used to clean the oceansD．be produced in factories in future（4）What is the main purpose of the passage？A．To explain a study method on worms．B．To introduce the diet of a special worm．C．To present a way to break down plastics．D．To propose new means to keep eco﹣balance．20．（8分）DPreparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self﹣driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream，years away from materializing in the real world．Well，the future is apparently now．The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self﹣driving cars on public roads．The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self﹣driving cars，and for companies to operate driverless taxi services．California，it should be noted，isn't leading the way here．Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country．It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads．But however long it takes，the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities，for better or for worse，depending on how the transformation is regulated．While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars（and rightfully so），policymakers also should be talking about how self﹣driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams，cut emissions（排放）and offer more convenient，affordable mobility options．The arrival of driverless vehicles is achance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared．Do we want to copy﹣or even worsen﹣the traffic of today with driverless cars？Imagine a future where most adults own individual self﹣driving vehicles．They tolerate long，slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work，entertain themselves or sleep on the ride，which encourages urban spread．They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking．Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning，they send the self﹣driving minibus．The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport ﹣﹣an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride﹣hailing（叫车）services．A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol ﹣powered private cars worldwide with electric，self﹣driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure （基础设施）and operations 40% by 2050．Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing．The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride﹣hailing services，considering the cost of self﹣driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues（责任与维护问题）．But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology．Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car﹣controlled transportation system we have today．The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably．The car of the future is coming．We just have to plan for it．（1）According to the author，attention should be paid to how driverless cars can．A．help deal with transportation﹣related problemsB．provide better services to customersC．cause damage to our environmentD．make some people lose jobs（2）As for driverless cars，what is the author's major concern？A．Safety．B．Side effects．C．Affordability．D．Management．（3）What does the underlined word "fielded" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？A．Employed．B．Replaced．C．Shared．D．Reduced．（4）What is the author's attitude to the future of self﹣driving cars？A．Doubtful．B．Positive．C．Disapproving．D．Sympathetic．第二节（共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．21．（10分）Why Do We Get Angry？Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are various．Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior，and correct bad habits．The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events，personality traits（特征），and our assessment of situations．（1）Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages．However，here are some examples：being cut off in traffic，a deadline approaching，experiencing physical pain，and much more．（2）The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one's personal history and psychological traits．Each person，no matter who they are，has psychological imbalances．Peoplewho have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry．（3）Also，sometimes pre ﹣anger does not have to do with a lasting condition，but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred．（4）Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre﹣anger，or anger itself．Sometimes ignorance and negative （消极的）outlooks on situations can create anger．（5）However，anger can easily turn violent，and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence．With these main reasons in mind，we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings．A．Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well．B．But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger．C．Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait，and is usually advised to reduce it．D．Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry．E．Having these personality traits implies the pre﹣anger state，where anger is in the background of your mind．F．Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye．G．Not everyone acts the same in response to events，and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another．第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）22．（10分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学．他向你咨询相关信息．请给他回邮件，内容包括：1．表示欢迎；2．推荐他上哪所大学；3．建议他做哪些准备工作．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim，Yours，Li Hua第二节（20分）23．（25分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程．注意：词数不少于60．2018年北京市高考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．例：It's so nice to hear from her again.__，we last met more than thirty years ago．A．what's moreB．That's to sayC．In other wordsD．Believe it or not答案是D．1．（1分）﹣Hi，I'm Peter．Are you new here？I haven't seen you around？﹣Hello，Peter．I'm Bob．I just______on Monday．（）A．start B．have started C．started D．had started【解答】答案：C．本题考查一般过去时．根据对话，可知鲍勃之前确实不在这个地方上班，再结合时间状语just，说明他是星期一刚刚来上班的，应该使用一般过去时，表明他的到来发生在过去．故选：C．2．（1分）______we don't stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone．（）A．Although B．While C．If D．Until【解答】考查从属连词的用法．although"尽管，虽然"，引导让步状语从句．while 表示"当……的时候"，引导时间状语从句；意为"尽管、虽然"，引导让步状语从句．if"如果"，引导条件状语从句．until"直到"，引导时间状语从句．分析可知前后两句话之间是逻辑上的"条件"关系．句意：如果我们不能阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物就会消失．故选：C．3．（1分）______along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience．（）A．Travel B．TravelingC．Having traveled D．Traveled【解答】考查动名词．分析可知"__along the old Silk Road"在句中做主语，句子主干是主系表结构．travel是动词原形，不能在句中做主语，可排除A；having done 是现在分词的完成式，它表示主动的动作，并且动作发生在谓语动词之前，常常作状语来修饰动词，可排除C．done是过去分词，在句中通常做定语或状语，不能够在句中做主语．无论作状语或作定语，都表示被动的动作，也可以表示已经完成的动作．可排除D．故选：B．4．（1分）Susan had quit her well﹣paid job and ______as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year．（）A．is working B．was working C．has worked D．had worked【解答】答案：B．本题考查过去进行时，即某一动作在过去的某一时刻正在发生．根据句意，去年"我"去拜访Susan的时候她已经辞去了高薪职业，正在附件社区从事着志愿者工作，使用过去进行时：was doing sth．故选：B．5．（1分）She and her family bicycle to work，helps them keep fit．（）A．which B．who C．as D．that【解答】本题考查非限制性定语从句．本复合句中，主句为She and her family bicycle to work，而非限制定语从句中缺少主语，因为是非限制性定语从句，故不能使用that，关系代词who是用来替代人，在此不符合句意；as可以引导非限制性定语从句，但是常位于句首．which在从句中引导定语从句作主语，替代前面整个主句的内容，即：每天和家人骑车上班的行为能促使他们保持身体健康．故选：A．6．（1分）During the Mid﹣Autumn Festival，family members often gather together_______a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes．（）A．share B．to shareC．having shared D．shared【解答】考查动词不定式．此处用动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语．故选B 项．其它三项不符合语境．故选：B．7．（1分）China's high﹣speed railways from 9，000 to 25，000 kilometers in the past few years．（）A．are growing B．have grown C．will grow D．had grown【解答】句中的时间状语是"in the past few years"，这类的时间状语，句子一般都用现在完成时或现在完成进行时．故选：B．8．（1分）In any unsafe situation，simply______the button and a highly﹣trained agent will get you the help you need．（）A．press B．to press C．pressing D．pressed【解答】考查祈使句．分析句子可知，此处考查的是祈使句+and/or+简单句，根据句意可知，此处使用动词原形press．故选：A．9．（1分）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who______in the mountains for two days．（）A．are trapping B．have been trappedC．were trapping D．had been trapped【解答】考查时态语态．根据句中risked可知，事情是发生在过去，游客被困是发生在"冒险救援"之前，用过去完成时，即"过去的过去"，trap为及物动词，游客是被困的，应该使用过去完成时的被动语态．故选：D．10．（1分）Ordinary soap，______correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively．（）A．used B．to use C．using D．use【解答】本句中两个逗号隔开的内容应该是对"ordinary soap"作补充说明，肥皂和使用是被动关系，所以用过去分词used．故选：A．11．（1分）Without his support，we wouldn't be______we are now．（）A．how B．when C．where D．why【解答】考查表语从句．分析句子可知，be动词的后面应该是表语从句，根据句意：没有他的支持，我们就不会到我们现在的这个位置，可知应该使用where"在哪里"，而how"如何"，when"何时"，why"为什么"，不符合句意．故选：C．12．（1分）In today's information age，the loss of data______cause serious problems for a company．（）A．need B．should C．can D．must【解答】考查情态动词．need需要；should应该；can能；能够；（表示可能性）可能，可能会；must必须．句意：在当今的信息时代，数据的丢失可能会给公司带来严重的问题．故选：C．13．（1分）They might have found a better hotel if they_______a few more kilometers．（）A．drove B．would driveC．were to drive D．had driven【解答】考查虚拟语气．在if条件句中，虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即：had+过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词．本题中主句中使用了might have done，因此，从句中应该使用过去完成时．故选：D．14．（1分）﹣Good morning，Mr．Lee's office．﹣Good morning．I'd like to make an appointment_______next Wednesday afternoon．（）A．for B．on C．in D．at【解答】答案：A，考查介词用法辨析．结合句意"为下星期三下午安排一次约会"可知，即make an appointment for next Wednesday afternoon．同学易错选为on，以为在某天下午应用介词on，但句意并非在下周三下午才做预约，而是说现在就约，把时间约在周三下午．故用介词for．故选：A．15．（1分）This is________my father has taught me﹣to always face difficulties and hope for the best．（）A．how B．which C．that D．what【解答】考查表语从句．分析句子可知，is后面的从句为表语从句，由于teach 之后需要跟双宾语，即teach sb．sth．可知，缺少teach的直接宾语，需要使用充当句子成分的what．故选：D．第二节完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．16．（30分）The Homeless HeroFor many，finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）．But the （1）C would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money．All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith （2）B more remarkable．After spotting a （3）A on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down，he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the （4）C to return．After hours in the cold and wet，he （5）D inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver，only to （6）A it contained £400 in notes，with another £50 in spare change beside it．He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after （7）B a note behind to let the owner know it was safe．When the car's owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car﹣which was itself worth £35，000﹣in Glasgow city centre，they were（8）D to find two policemen standing next to it．The policemen told them what Mr．Smith did and that the wallet was（9）A．The pair were later able to thank Mr．Smith for his （10）C．Mr．Anderson said："I couldn't believe that the guy never took a penny．To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight （11）A he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in．This guy has nothing and （12）B he didn'ttake the wallet for himself；he thought about others（13）D．It's unbelievable．It just proves there are （14）A guys out there．"Mr．Smith's act （15）D much of the public's attention．He also won praise from social media users after Mr．Anderson （16）B about the act of kindness on Facebook．Now Mr．Anderson has set up an online campaign to （17）B money for Mr．Smith and other homeless people in the area，which by yesterday had received ￡8，000．"I think the faith that everyone has shown （18）C him has touched him．People have been approaching him in the street；he's had job （19）C and all sorts，"Mr．Anderson commented．For Mr．Smith，this is a possible life﹣changing （20）C．The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another．（1）A．hope B．aim C．urge D．effort（2）A．still B．even C．ever D．once（3）A．wallet B．bag C．box D．parcel（4）A．partner B．colleague C．owner D．policeman（5）A．turned B．hid C．stepped D．reached（6）A．discover B．collect C．check D．believe（7）A．taking B．leaving C．reading D．writing（8）A．satisfied B．excited C．amused D．shocked（9）A．safe B．missing C．found D．seen（10）A．service B．support C．kindness D．encouragement （11）A．when B．if C．where D．because（12）A．rather B．yet C．already D．just（13）A．too B．though C．again D．instead（14）A．honest B．polite C．rich D．generous（15）A．gave B．paid C．cast D．drew（16）A．learned B．posted C．cared D．heard（17）A．borrow B．raise C．save D．earn（18）A．of B．at C．for D．in（19）A．details B．changes C．offers D．applications（20）A．lesson B．adventure C．chance D．challenge【解答】1﹣5CBACD 6﹣10ABDAC 11﹣15ABDAD 16﹣20BBCCC1．C．考查动词辨析．根据下文" if you were living on the streets with little food and money．"可知，如果你没有食物和钱，生活在大街上，这种渴望更强烈．urge 渴望．2．B．考查副词辨析．根据上文All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 可知，所有这些使无家可归的Tom Smith的行为甚至更加显著的．even甚至，表示递进关系．3．A．考查名词辨析．根据上文finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 可知，他在打开窗户的停放的汽车前坐上看见一只钱包（wallet）．4．C．考查名词辨析．根据上文waiting for 可知，他在雨中等待主人回来．owner 主人．5．D．考查动词辨析．根据下文pulled the wallet out 可知，在又冷又湿的地方等了几小时后，他把手伸进去，拿出钱包，reached到达．6．A．考查动词辨析．根据上文pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID 可知，他发现钱包里面有400美元的钞票，discover发现．7．B．考查动词辨析．根据下文a note behind 可知，他留下一张字条．leave behind 留下．8．D．考查形容词．根据空后的to find two policemen standing next to it可知，他们很惊讶地发现两个警察站在车旁边．shocked惊讶的．9．A．考查形容词．根据上文it was safe可知，警察告诉车主，钱包是安全的．safe 安全的．10．C．考查名词．根据上文The pair were later able to thank Mr．Smith可知，两个人感谢史密斯先生的善举．kindness善举．11．A．考查连词．根据句意：想想今晚住在街上，然而他本可以偷了钱，为一个住宿的地方付钱．表示转折关系，用when引导．12．B．考查副词．This guy has nothing 和下文的he didn't take the wallet for himself是转折关系，用yet然而．13．D．考查副词．句意：相反地，他想到其他人．instead相反地．14．A．考查形容词．根据上文he didn't take the wallet for himself；he thought about others 可知，史密斯先生是诚实的．honest诚实的．15．D．考查动词．由空后的much of the public's attention可知，史密斯先生的。
2018年高考英语北京卷(含答案与解析)
__ 此 --------------------节单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分,共 15 分)__ __ ____ 2. __________ we d on 't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be_号考 __ __ _ __ __ _ __visited her last year ___ __ __ _ _ 5. She and her family bicycle to work, __________ helps them k eep fit __ 答_名 _ -------------------- 姓 _ __7. China's high-speedrailways __________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the p ast few __ __ 题__ __ A. press B. to pressC. pressingD. pressedtwo days.---------------- A. u se dB. to useC. usingD. use_ A. ------------- 绝密★启用前北京市 2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today's information age, the loss of d ata __________ cause serious problems for a在--------------------英语comp any .A. needB. shouldC. canD. mu st 13. They might have found a better hotel if they __________ a few more kilometers.__—H e l l o, P e t e r . I 'mBob. I just ________ on Monday . __ _ 生__ 3. __________ along the old Silk R oad is an interesting and rewarding experience___ _ _ _ A. which B. who C. as D. that__ meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. _ __ years.校 the help you need. 学 业 毕 无9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who __________ in the mountains for(满分 120 分，考试时间 100 分钟)第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45 分）第一1. —Hi, I'm Peter . Are you new here? I haven 't seen you ar ou n d ？A. startB. have startedC. startedD. hadstarted卷--------------------gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Unt ilA. T ravelB. T ravelingC. Having traveledD. T raveled上 4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and ________as a volunteer in the neighborhood. When I --------------------A. is workingB. was workingC. has work edD. hadwork ed6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members o ften gather together __________ aA. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared_ -------------------- are growing B. have gr own C. will grow D. had gr o wn8. In any unsafe situation, simply ________ the button and a highly-trained agent willget you--------------------.A. a ret r a p p i n gB . have been trapp edC. were trappingD. had been trapped 10. Ordinary soap, __________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 效11. Without his support, we wouldn 't be__________ we are now . 英语试卷 第 1 页（共 20 页） A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven 14. —Good morning, Mr . Lee's office.—Good morning. I'd like to mak e an appointment __________ next W ednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is __________ my father has taug h t me-to always face difficulties and hope for thebest.A. howB. whichC. theD. what Ⅱ.第二节完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018年高考英语北京试题及答案
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷)（考试时间:100分钟试卷满分：120分）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: It's so nice to hear from her again。
_________, we last met more than thirty years ago。
A. W hat’s moreB. That's to sayC。
In other words D。
Believe it or not答案是D。
1。
—Hi, I’m Peter。
Are you new here？I haven’t seen you around?—Hello，Peter. I'm Bob. I just _________ on Monday。
A. start B。
have started C。
started D. had started2. _________ we don't stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone。
A。
Although B. While C. If D。
Until3。
_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience1A。
Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled 4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A。
2018年北京高考英语试卷及答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上:将该项涂黑。
例： it's so nice to hear from her again＿＿，we last met more than thirty years ago.A. what's moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1.-Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around？-Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just＿＿on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. ＿＿we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. If3. ＿＿along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and ＿＿as a volunteer in the neighborhood. whenI visited her last yearA. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fitA. whichB. whoC.asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together＿＿a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. sharedA. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply＿＿the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who＿＿in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, ＿＿correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn't be＿＿we are now.D. why12. In today's information age, the loss of data＿＿cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they＿＿a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14.-Good morning, Mr. lee's office.-Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment＿＿next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is＿＿my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.D. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(完整版)2018年高考英语北京卷-答案
2018 年高考英语北京卷英语答案解析第一部分：知识运用第一节单项填空1. 【答案】C【解析】句意：——你好，我是彼得，你是新来的吗？我没见过你。
——你好，彼得。
我叫鲍勃。
我星期一才来的。
根据语境以及时间状语on Monday 可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的动作，所以应用一般过去时。
【考点】动词时态。
2. 【答案】C【解析】A项意为尽管” B项意为当；尽管”；C项意为如果” D项意为直到”句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化的话，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。
【考点】连词辨析。
3. 【答案】B【解析】分析句子结构可知，谓语动词is前缺少主语，所以应用动名词作主语。
【考点】非谓语动词。
4. 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：我去年拜访苏珊时，她已经放弃了薪水丰厚的工作，在社区担任志愿者。
根据语境可知，此处动作表示过去“我”拜访苏珊时她正在进行的动作，所以应用过去进行时。
【考点】动词时态。
5. 【答案】A【解析】分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句。
可以引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which 和who，故排除that; who用于指代人” as有正如，就像"之意，均不符合语境。
所以此处应用关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句，且在句中作主语，指代前面整个句子。
【考点】非限制性定语从句。
6. 【答案】B【解析】句意：中秋节时，家人们经常聚在一起吃团圆饭、赏月以及吃月饼。
此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
【考点】非谓语动词。
7. 【答案】B【解析】句意：在过去的几年里中国高铁总长度已从9000千米增加到25000千米。
根据时间状语in the pastfew years可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时。
【考点】动词时态。
8. 【答案】A解析】句意：在任何不安全的情况下，只需要按下这个按钮，那么一个资深的代理商就会使你得到你需要的帮助。
分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句型：祈使句+and+陈述句。
【考点】固定句型。
2018年北京英语高考真题(含答案)
2018年北京普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷共14页，共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
学&科网第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met m ore than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around.—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today’s info rmation age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018年高考真题——英语(北京卷)+【Word版答案含解析】
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）（本试卷共14页，共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用第一节单项填空从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around?—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started【答案】C【解析】考查时态。
句意：——嗨，我是彼得。
你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。
——你好，彼得。
我是鲍勃。
我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。
根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。
点睛：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday，last week，in the past，in 2017，once，a few days ago 等。
2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until【答案】C点睛：条件状语从句通常由引导词if或unless引导。
2018北京高考英语试题及答案解析
英语本试卷共16页，共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1. When will the film startA. At 5:00.B. At 6:00.C. At 7:00.2. Which club will the man joinA. The film club.B. The travel club.C. The sports club.3. What was the weather like in the mountains yesterdayA. Sunny.B. Windy.C. Snowy.4. What does the man want to cut out of paperA. A fish.B. A bird.C. A monkey.5. Where does the conversation most probably take placeA. In a library.B. At a bookstore.C. In a museum.第二节（共10小题；每小题分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why does the woman make the callA. To make an invitation.B. To ask for information.C. To discuss a holiday plan .7. How much does the woman need to pay for the minibusA. $50.B. $150.C. $350.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
(完整版)2018年北京高考英语试卷及答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上:将该项涂黑。
例： it's so nice to hear from her again＿＿，we last met more than thirty years ago.A. what's moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1.-Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around？-Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just＿＿on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. ＿＿we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. ＿＿along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and ＿＿as a volunteer in the neighborhood. when I visited her last yearA. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fitA. whichB. whoC.asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together＿＿a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers inthe pastfew years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply＿＿the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who＿＿in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, ＿＿correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn't be＿＿we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today's information age, the loss of data＿＿cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they＿＿a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14.-Good morning, Mr. lee's office.-Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment＿＿next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is＿＿my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. theD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018年北京英语高考试题(word版含答案)
绝密★启用前2018年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）（考试时刻：100分钟试卷总分值：120分）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试终止后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部份：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around?—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. who D. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每题分，共30分）阅读下面短文，把握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
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2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第一部分 : 知识运用 ( 共两节 ,45 分 )第一节单项填空 ( 共15小题 ; 每小题 1分, 共15分)从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、D四个选中 , 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上 : 将该项涂黑。
例： it's so nice to hear from her again ＿＿， we last met more than thirty years ago.A. what's moreB. That ’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是 D。
1. -Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around？-Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just＿＿on Monday.A.startB.have startedC.startedD.had started2.＿＿we don't stop climate change, manyanimals and plants in the world will be gone.A.AlthoughB.WhileC.IfD.Until3.＿＿ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewardingexperience A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and＿＿as a volunteer in the neighborhood. whenI visited her last yearA. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5.She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keepfit A. whichB. whoC.asD.that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather＿＿ a meal, together admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A.shareB.to shareC.having sharedD.shared7.China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the pastfew years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply＿＿ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who＿＿ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10.Ordinary soap, ＿＿ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A.usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn't be＿＿ we are now.A. howB.whenC.whereD.why12. In today's information age, the loss of data＿＿cause serious problems for a company.A.needB.shouldC.canD.must13.They might have found a better hotel if＿＿a few more kilometers.they A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14.-Good morning, Mr. lee's office.-Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment＿＿next Wednesday afternoon.A.forB.onC.inD.at15.This is ＿＿ my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB.whichC.theD.what第二节完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中 , 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Homeless HeroFor many， finding an unattended wallet filled with￡400 in cash would be a source （来源） of temptation（诱惑） .But the 16would no doubt be greater if you were livingon the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homelessTom Smith 17 more remarkable.After spotting a 18 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down，he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 19 to return.After hours in the cold and wet, he20inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系） the driver， only to 21it contained￡400 in notes ， with another￡50 in spare change beside it.He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after22 a note behind tolet the owner know it was safe. Whenthe car ’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car-which was itself worth￡35，000— in Glasgow city centre，they were23 to find two policemen standing next to it.The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was24 .The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 25 .Mr. Anderson said ：“ "I couldn ’tbelieve that the guy never took a penny. To thinkhe is sleeping on the streets tonight 26he could have stolen the money and paid fora place to stay in. This guy has nothing and 27 he didn't take the wallet for himself ；he thought about others 28 it’sunbelievable. It just proves there are29guysout there.”Mr. smith’sact30 much of the public’ s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 31about the act of kindness on Facebook.Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 32money forMr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received￡8,000.“I think the faith that everyone has shown33him has touched him. Peoplehave been approaching him in the street; he's ha I job 34 and all sorts,”Mr. Anderson commented.For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 35 . The story once again tellsus that one good turn deserves another.16.A.hopeB.aimC.urgeD.effort17.A.stillB.evenC.everD.once18.A.walletB.bagC.boxD. parcel19.A.partnerB.colleagueC.ownerD.policeman20.A.turnedB.hidC.steppedD.reached21.A.discoverB.collectC.checkD.believe22.A.takingB.leavingC.readingD.writing23.A.satisfiedB.excitedC.amusedD.shocked24.A.safeB.missingC.foundD.seen25.A.serviceB.supportC.kindnessD.encouragement26.A.whenB.ifC.whereD.because27.A.ratherB.yetC.alreadyD.just28.A.tooB.thoughC.againD.instead29.A.honestB.politeC.richD.generous30.A.gaveB.paidC.castD.drew31.A.learnedB.postedC.caredD.heard32.A.borrowB.raiseC.saveD.earn33.A.ofB.atC. forD. in34.A.detailsB. changesC. offersD. applications35.A.lessonB.adventure C.chance D.challenge第二部分 : 阅读理解 ( 共两节 ,40 分)第一节 ( 共15小题 : 每小题 2分, 共30分)阅读下列短文 , 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中 , 选出最仁选项 , 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。