2020届鹿泉市第一中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析

2020届鹿泉市第一中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
My wife Hilary andI were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we saw a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.
Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!" An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back the sign of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. Thebear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.
I held my camera tripod(三脚架)in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew 1 would not be able to hold it for long.
Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.
The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.
Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards-the forest,before returning for another attack the first time I felt panic.
Obviously satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I'm proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.
1. How did the writer feel when faced with the brown bear?
A. Fearful but confident.
B. Nervous but brave.
C. Upset but determined.
D. Awful but hopeful.
2. The bear finally went away after it
A. got injured
B. felt safe
C. found some food
D. took away the camera
3. What does the author want to tell us?
A. We should keep calm when troubles come
B. We should rise to the challenge when faced with difficulties.
C. We should not risk ourselves in some dangerous areas.
D. We should learn to take advantage of anything at hand when in trouble.
B
Bill Gates on how to fight future pandemics
WHEN HISTORIANS write the book on the covid-19 pandemic, what we've lived through so far will probably take up only the first third or so.The bulk of the story will be what happens next.
I believe that humanity will beat this pandemic, but only when most of the population is vaccinated(接种疫苗）.Until then, life will not return to normal.
As the pandemic slows in developed nations,itwill accelerate in developing ones.Their experience,however,will be worse.In poorer countries,where fewer jobs can be done remotely,distancing measures won't work as well.The virus will spread quickly,and health systems won't be able to care for the infected.
Wealthy nations can help.But people in rich and poor places alike will be safe only once we have an effective medical solution for this virus,which means a vaccine.
My hope is that,by the second half of 2021,facilities around the world will be manufacturing a vaccine.If that's the case,it will be a history-making achievement: the fastest humankind has ever gone from recognizing a new disease to immunizing（免疫）against it.
Apart from this progress in vaccines,two other big medical breakthroughs will emerge from the pandemic.One will be in the field of diagnostics.The next time a novel virus crops up,people will probably be able to test for it at home.Researchers could have such a test ready within a few months of identifying a new disease.
The third breakthrough will be in antiviral drugs.We haven't been as effective at developing drugs to fight viruses as we have those to fight bacteria.But that will Researchers will develop large diverse libraries of antivirals,which they'll be able to scan trough and quickly find effective treatments for novel viruses.
All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene(干预）early when the number of cases is still very low.
Our progress won't be in science alone.It will also be in our ability to make sure everyone benefits from that science.In the years after 2021,I think we'll learn from the years after 1945. With the end of the Second World War, leaders built international institutions like the UN to prevent more conflicts.After covid-19, leaders will prepare institutions to prevent the next pandemic.
These will be a mix of national,regional and global organizations.I expect they will participate in regular"germ games”in the same way as armed forces take part in War games.These will keep us ready for the next time a novel virus jumps from bats or birds to humans.
I hope wealthy nations include poorer ones in these preparations,especially by devoting more foreign aid to building up their primary health-care systems.This pandemic has shown us that viruses don't obey border laws and that we are all connected biologically by a network of microscopic germs,whether we like it or not.
The best analogy(类比）for today might be November 10th 1942.Britainhad just won its first land victory of the war,and Winston Churchill declared in a speech: “This is not the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.But it is,perhaps,the end of the beginning.”
4. What are the three technologies that will prepare us for the next pandemic?
①manufacturing a vaccine fast
②diagnosing a virus at home
③developing antiviral drugs
④allowing us to intervene early
A. ①②③
B. ①②④
C. ①③④
D. ②③④
5. As far as poorer countries areconcerned,which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A. pandemic disease is more likely to begin in poorer countries
B. Working from home can work well in poorer countries.
C. Health systems are sufficient to care for the infected in poorer countries.
D. Virus will cross borders if poorer countries fail to contain it.
6. Why is the Second World War mentioned in Para.8?
A. The fight against the COVID-19 is similar to the Second World War.
B. People are suffering just as they were in the Second World War.
C. We should cooperate globally just as we did after the Second World War.
D. Countries are fighting each other like in the Second World War.
7. What is the tone of this passage?
A. pessimistic
B. optimistic
C. neutral
D. indifferent
C
People saved a 20-foot orca (虎鲸) that was stuck between rocks on an Alaskan shore by continuously pouring water over it and protecting it from birds who circled above the defenseless whale.
The whale was ultimately saved after a six-hour, labor-intensive life-saving operation. Someone spotted the large whale on the Prince of Wales Island near the coast of British Columbia on the morning of July 29th. The Coast Guard was called around 9 a.m. local time. Chance Strickland, the captain of a private yacht in Alaska, and his crew anchored and began life-saving action that were videoed by Aroon Melane and posted on the Internet.
Strickland could hear the orca calling out to killer whales swimming in the area. People on other boats stopped with water and buckets to pour water over the animal. “There were tears coming out of its eyes,” Mr. Strickland told the local newspaper. “It was pretty sad.”
The group of people formed a chain that passed buckets of seawater back and forth and poured the water on the orca, which seemed to liven it up. It made a noise and raised its tail when it got water.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was called in, which can be seen on the video using a machine to spray amist of seawater on the orca, which doubled as a way to keep the whale cool and scare the large group of birds that were hoping to feast on the beast.
Melane said in her video that the orca was stranded (搁浅) for about six hours until the tide came in andswept it back into the ocean. The group efforts of Strickland’s crew and the NOAA saved the 13-year-old killer whale.
8. Why did birds circle above the orca?
A. They were eager to eat it.
B. They wished to protect it.
C. They were attracted by the people.
D. They wanted to find a place to rest.
9. What did Strickland do immediately after finding the whale?
A. Posted pictures online.
B. Called friends for help.
C. Took action to save it.
D. Videoed the trapped animal.
10. Why did the whale make a noise and raise its tail?
A. To express its eager for water.
B. To extend its thanks to people.
C. To call out to its fellow whales.
D. To show its power and sadness.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Killer Whale Got Saved
B. The Orca Inspired Kindness
C. Combined Efforts Wanted
D. Animals and Humans United
D
When I was trying to find a place where to spend my December holidays, I met by chance some cheap flights to Iceland. After checking just a few winter pictures of Iceland, I realized that the country, known as the land of fire and ice, during the cold months of the year could offer me experiences I had never had before.
For sure you can’t miss the chance to go to Iceland in winter if your traveling wish list includes at least one of the crazy experiences Iceland can offer. Iceland in the North Atlantic Ocean is a paradise (乐园) for all those who want to see the northern lights, experience cold weather conditions and put themselves in geothermal (地热的) baths while the snow is falling on their head.
The best way to move around Iceland is with a rental car. Distances are huge and public transport in winter is not really common out of the major towns. As we wanted to be even more convenient we decided to rent a small camper (野营车). Sleeping and cooking in a camper saved us a lot of driving, money and gave us the chance tobe always in the right place at the right time.
There were also no locals and in many cases no tourist facilities (设备). For us, as we slept in a camper, it was easier. But for tourists traveling by normal cars it is necessary to check the opening times ofhotels and restaurants as many of them run just from June to September.
It is amazing to experience how the weather is changing in Iceland. However, Icelanders prefer to stay inside their houses. They have even no time to complain about the weather in December. All they care about is Christmas. They love to decorate their houses, sing Christmas songs and eat typical Christmas food.
12. Why is Iceland famous as the land of fire and ice?
A. Because tourists would like to play with fire on the ice.
B. Because it is too dry to easily cause fire to happen.
C. Because it is hot inside a house and cold outside.
D. Because there exist hot springs and freezing ice.
13. What did the author think of the rented camper?
A. It was not only practical but also economical.
B. It was convenient but cost them more money.
C. It provided the best chance to see the new country.
D. It was much faster than other public transport.
14. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. The Icelanders prefer to live with their family.
B. The joy of Christmas drives the freezing weather away.
C. December is the coldest month of the year.
D. The Icelanders are always positive and stay outside.
15. What does this passage most probably come from?
A. A textbook
B. A scientific report
C. A travel magazine
D. A news report
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项We are all familiar with the procrastination (拖延) phenomenon. When we procrastinate, we waste our free time and put off important tasks we should do till it’s too late.____16____Here, I will share my personal steps which I use to overcome procrastination with great success.
Break your work into little steps. Part of the reason why we procrastinate is because we find the work too overwhelming (巨大的) for us. Break it down into little parts, and then focus on one part ata time. If you still procrastinate after breaking it down, then break it down even further.___17___
Change your environment.____18____Look at your work desk and your room. Do they make you want to work or do they make you want to sleep? If it’s the latter, you should begin to change your workspace.
Create a detailed timeline with specific deadlines. Having just one deadline for your work is like an invitation to procrastinate.____19____Break down your project, and then create an overall timeline with specific deadlines for each small task. In this way, you know you have to finish each task by a certain date.
___20___ I’m pretty sure if you spend just 10 minutes talking to people like Steve Jobs or Bill Gates, you’ll be more inspired to act than if you spend the 10 minutes doing nothing. The people we are with influence our behavior.
A.Tell others about your goals.
B. Hang out with people who inspire you to take action.
C. Having a companion makes the whole process much more fun.
D. Different environments have different impacts on our productivity.
E. And when it is indeed too late, we panic and wish we had started earlier.
F. That’s because we would keep pushing everything back until it’s too late.
G. Soon, your task will be so simple that you will be thinking you can do it now.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Each of us struggles for self-respect and self-worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life.
I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really___21___and even scary sometimes.
During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people's views about my achievements or my___22___. I wanted everyone's praise and acceptance, but I was my own toughestcritic(挑剔的人).
After I graduated from high school, my___23___to be "thin" began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by___24___my food.
In the beginning, I felt great — attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyoneelse. What I didn't see was that I was slowly___25___myself.
People around me began to___26___my weight loss. They said with concern. "You're losing too much weight." "Elisa,you're so thin." All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to "___27___".
Sadly, I took my physical___28___as the first important thing in my life,___29___that it was the way to become successful and accepted.
Then I cut down on my___30___more and more, until a___31___day consisted of half a teaspoon of nonfat yogurt in the morning and a cup of grape juice at night.
But my poor___32___began to cause me to lose___33___. Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn't sleep, and felt as though my heart might beat out of my chest. I tried to___34___, but I couldn’t. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer___35___. What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really___36___, and I knew I needed help. My roommate rushed me to the___37___, and then I began the long road to my___38___. It took a lot — doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements...
And more importantly, a sense of what was true about myself got my life back on track with reality. I realized that, with my___39___of trying to be "perfect" on the___40___, I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are — each and every one of us — already perfect.
21. A.natural B.easy C.hard D.rapid
22. A.performances B.backgrounds C.scores D.failures
23. A.problem B.desire C.way D.promise
24. A.controlling B.checking C.collecting D.balancing
25. A.killing B.forgetting C.asking D.questioning
26. A.help B.accept C.reject D.notice
27. A.perfection B.devotion C.ambition D.attention
28. A.strength B.exercise C.appearance D.examination
29. A.believing B.realizing C.pretending D.declaring
30. A.expense B.movement C.food D.travel
31. A.pleasant B.difficult C.typical D.different
32. A.memory B.nutrition C.knowledge D.taste
33. A.weight B.hope C.sleep D.heart
34. A.relax B.walk C.cry D.talk
35. A.breathe B.resist C.wake D.remember
36. A.scared B.annoyed C.discouraged D.disappointed
37. A.bed B.hospital C.school D.office
38. A.glory B.discovery C.recovery D.victory
39. A.skill B.decision C.experience D.deal
40. A.whole B.face C.mind D.outside
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The size of fish in the oceans is shrinking. A new report from Canada states fish may shrink by as much as a quarter in the coming decades, which mainly___41.___(result) from global warming. The research team conducted tests on the effect of___42.___(rise) ocean temperatures on the size and number of over 600 species of fish. They concluded that most fish are likely to shrink by 14-24 percent by the year 2050. The biggest changes___43.___(see) clearly in tropical regions. There is___44.___(little) oxygen in warmer water so fish cannot grow normally and many will migrate to cooler waters.
Lead researcher Professor William said: “We were surprised to see such a large decrease in fish size. Marine fish are generally known to respond to climate change___45.___changing distribution and seasonality. But the
unexpectedly big effect___46.___climate change could have on body size suggests that we may be missing a big piece of the puzzle of understanding climate change effects in the ocean.” He added that overfishing and pollution will___47.___(worse) the problem. “Our work shows a very___48.___(worry) future for the oceans,___49.___it is very important to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop better fish management policies____50.____(adapt) to these changes,” he said.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Many people have recognized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River, a third longest river in the world. And many organizations and projects have been set up to deal with the problem. The Green River organization, for example, which educates people on the importance of protecting this great river. It also watches the river and stops the illegally hunting of animals, which has put the wild animals population in danger.
Two special government projects are also under way. The first project, a water and soil conservation project, set up in 1989. This project resulted in farmers replace their crops with trees or grass. The second project includes nature reserves for white-flag dolphins, the number of which have dropped because of pollution in the Yangtze River.
We still have a long way to go to solve all the problemson regard to the river. However,people have finally realized that this is their responsibility to protect this great river. Our efforts to protect this much loving river will be appreciated for years to come.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，本周末要去参加课外英语角。

要介绍三个刚学的、印象深刻的英文单词。

请写一个发言稿。

内容包括：
1.三个单词的含义；
2.印象深刻的原因；
3.学习英语的信心.
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
Hi everyone，
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________
参考答案
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. A 9. C 10. A 11. A
12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
16. E 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B
21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. C 32.
B 33.
C 34. A 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. D
41. results
42. rising 43. will be seen
44. less 45. through/ by
46. that/which (或省)
47. worsen 48. worrying
49. so 50. to adapt
51.(1). a → the
(2). 去掉educates 前的which
(3). illegally → illegal
(4). animals → animals’
(5). set前加was
(6). replace → replacing
(7). have → has
(8). on → with/in
(9). this → it
(10). loving → loved
52.略。