阅读(9)答案
2016年四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析（9）
Deborah Kenny's "Born to Rise" Tells Story of Harlem Village Academies A) Deborah Kenny, CEO of the Harlem Village Academies, is frustrated with the nation's current education system. Unlike most, though, she decided to do something about it. Part declaration part record, her book Born to Rise writes down her journey toward creating and running her own system of progressive charter schools in Harlem in New York City. What is your educational philosophy? B) We want our students to receive the same high-quality education as students who are privileged to attend the best private schools in the country. Personally, I believe a progressive education is superior as long as it's delivered by really smart, talented teachers who know how to execute well. It's a sophisticated approach that really only works well in the hands of a really sophisticated educator. We're dealing with a little bit of a challenge because students enter this school from the regular public system. And when they enter in fifth grade, they're not yet well-trained in the basics reading, writing, and math--which means that we have to catch them up on basic math skills, on the 'basics of writing. And many of them come in at a kindergarten, first, second-grade level in reading. So we have to accelerate their mastery of the basics, but we reject the idea that if you do that you can't teach that at a high level. We push ourselves constantly to think about how we can make sure that our students will catch up while we teach at the highest possible level. It means asking difficult, delicate questions, not accepting an answer that is not backed up by evidence, the kinds of things that you would expect to see in the best private schools. We aim for a high level in rich discussions where the students are asked to analyze a challenging text and where the teacher does not accept just any answer simply because the student is behaving. What makes the Harlem Village Academies different? C) First of all, I have to say what we have in common with other charter schools because we have learned so much from them: creating an expectation that all students will attend college, naming classrooms after colleges, the longer school day, the longer school year. I feel it's important to give credit where credit is due because I learned from them. In those early years when I opened the school, most of these other schools bad been around for seven years, ten years, some of them even longer. D ) As far as what makes us different, I'll tell you what the teachers say: teachers tell us that the level of professionalism and passion for teaching at a high level and teaching above the test, not to the test, and working in an environment, where everybody is trusted to do their job and continually learning--there's this incredible culture of learning. There's this incredible workplace culture where the adults are continually becoming better and learning more about how to become a better lead her. The teachers get to make all of the decisions 'about their own professional development rather than being enforced to at tend the training. They are treated like professional-grade' doctors and lawyers at the. Highest level. They actually make the decisions not only about what books to use and what teaehing methed, but even about what their own professional development Ioukslike.There's a very clear set of standards far what the students need to know and be "able to do at the end of each year and quarter, and we hold people accountable for that end goal. But we give them complete freedom to decide how they're going to achieve it, which is how all professionals are treated. Unfortunately, it's not how most teachers are treated inthis country. Most teachers are treated like factory workers, where there's a hig set ofrules on how they have to do everything. What does the curriculum look like at Harlem Village Academy schools? E) It looks like a classic liberal-arts curriculum, where math, reading, and writing are not the only subjects taught. Even if the state focuses its testing on those things, we do not let the state dictate our curriculum. We are interested in a rich curriculum that includes art and music and seience and social studies and a wide variety of electives, and character education is integrated throughout. How do you address the criticisms people have regarding charter schools? F) I'd say that the .main criticisms are stemming from the fact that in a charter system the teachers are not unionized, and they're treated as professionals instead of as manual laborers. The charter movement is challenging the current situation, it's eoming along and saying we used to completely change the underlying premiere ( 前提) of how we go about public education. Parents should be able to choose the scherzi. We should give power to all parents, regardless of socioeonomie level, to choose where they send their child, and that creates market competition: if you have an amazing school with caring teachers and great results, parents are going to ~ant to choose that school. The charter movement is putting the needs of children first anti is holding teachers accountable. It ehalleuges the notion of tenure (终⾝教职), where there's no accountability at all. What's next for you and the Harlem Village Academies? G) We are going to triple (增⾄三倍) in size in the next twn years. We will have a full K -12 system. We're starting two new elementary schools, we will be serving 2,000 children, but we are not eager to grow super-big. We want to use the platform of what we' re learned and the results that we've produced--that ant teachers have produced--to have an ational influence on policy and on teaching methods. The laws that govern how school srun constrain the ability of the printcipal to run the school well. They're not allowed to build a team. And building a team where teachers are trusted, happy and cooperative is really the foundation for an excellent school. So we want to find a way to get our message out nationally and continue to be part of the movement. 1. In the Harlem Village Academies. teachers can decide themselves how they are going to achieve the teaching objectives. 2. The charter movement challenges the tenure system in making children's needs apriority and holding, teachers responsible. 3. The Harlem Village Academies will be able to enroll 2,000 ehildren in the next twoyears 4. Deborah Kenny admits that she learns a lot from other charter schools. 5. The curriculum at Harlem Village Academies not only includes the subjects frequentlytested. 6.The Harlem Village Academies are eager to exert a national influence on policy and teaching methods. 7. Students entering the Harlem Village Academies are from the regular public system. 8. Deborah Kenny decides to create and run the Harlem Village Academies because sheis disappointed about the current education system. 9. Charter schools are mainly criticized for treating the teachers as professionals. 10. One of the challenges facing the Harlern Village Academies is how to accelerate students' mastery of the basics. 1.D).【题⼲译⽂】在哈勒姆村庄学校，⽼师们可以⾃⼰决定如何完成教学⽬标。
窃读记阅读答案(共9篇)
窃读记阅读答案(共9篇)窃读记阅读答案（一）: 窃读记阅读答案我喜欢到顾客多的书店,因为那样不会被人注意.进来看书的人虽然很多,但是像我这样常常光顾而从不购买的,恐怕没有.因此我要把自己隐藏起来.有时我会贴在一个大人的身边,仿佛我是他的小妹妹或小女儿. 最令人开心的是下雨天,越是倾盆大雨我越高兴,因为那时我便有充足的理由在书店待下去.就像在屋檐下躲雨,你总不好意思赶我走吧我有时还要装着皱起眉头,不时望着街心,好像说：“这雨,害得我回———————————————————————————————不去了.”其实,我的心里却高兴地喊着：“大些!再大些!” ————————————————————————————.我低着头走出书店,脚站得有些麻木,我却浑身轻松.这时,我总会想起国文老师鼓励我们的话：“记住,你们是吃饭长大的,也是读书长大的!”1.文中划横线的部分,通过对————的表情和————的内心的描写,饶有趣味的写出了我——————的感情.文中的“记住,你们是吃饭长大的,也是读书长大的!”这句话里,“吃饭长大”指的是什么“读书长大”指的是什么作者的国文老师为什么要这样说就像在屋檐下躲雨,你总不好意思赶我走吧我有时还要装着皱起眉头,不时望着街心,好像说：“这雨,害得我回不去了.”其实,我的心里却高兴地喊着：“大些!再大些!” 这些是画线的句子1.我“犯愁”的表情和“兴奋”的内心,饶有趣味的写出了我“喜欢读书的”的感情.2.“吃饭长大”是指物质上生活与所需,“读书长大的”是指精神上的食粮,作者的国文老师是想让我们不仅要追求物质生活,也要追求精神生活,好好读书.窃读记阅读答案（二）: 窃读记的阅读答案要整片文章.快呀.、.文中的“窃读”具体是指———————————————————————.写出三个描写人物“惧怕”的四字词——————————————————写出一句关于“书”的名人名言,谢写写理解名人名言：——————————————————————————. 体会与理解：—————————————————————————————————.《窃读记》这篇文章讲述的是一个小女孩去书店窃读,从书中得到了很大乐趣的事,她常常光顾书店,却从不购买书,所以她想方设法地把自己隐藏起来.藏在人群中或者贴在一个大人身旁.直到饭店飘来一阵阵菜香,书店的日光灯也亮起来的时候,她才依依不舍地离开.有时还会为了看完一本书而跑几家书店.她这种强烈的求知欲和对读书的渴望真令人感动.文章里令我感受最深的句子是：“记住,你们是吃饭长大的,也是读书长大的!”仔细想想,这句话有着很深的含义.老师告诉我们,粮食哺育的是身体,而书籍哺育的是灵魂.对我们来说,书籍和粮食同样重要,因为书籍就是我们的精神粮食,它可以使我们增长知识,丰富我们的精神世界.可见,读书是多么重要啊! 现在,虽然我们时时刻刻都可以读书,但是却有些同学不爱读书.想一想从前,作者要读一本书有多困难啊,我们应该珍惜现在来之不易的读书机会.高尔基曾经说过：“书籍是人类进步的阶梯.”杜甫也说过：“读书破万卷,下笔如有神.”读书不仅可以拓宽我们的知识面,还可以提高我们的写作水平.让我们养成爱好阅读的习惯,一生都与好书相伴吧!窃读记阅读答案（三）: 窃读记阅读答案5题问题1、作者记叙了两次“窃读”的不同遭遇,请简要概括出来.2、作者说：“被冲动的情感,使我的目光久久不能集中在书本上.”为什么“我”的情感会如此的冲动3、说说文中加点词语的表意作用.（1）我庆幸它居然没有被卖出去,仍四平八稳的躺在书架上,专侯我的光临.（加点字：四平八稳）（2）我接过书羞得不知应当如何去对他表示我的感激,他却若无其事的走开了.（加点字：若无其事）4、最能揭示文章主旨的是那一句5、在做着的笔下,紧邻三阳春的书店老板与最末一家书店的店员是迥然不同的两种人.请以语言描写或动作描写为例,说说他么吧有何不同..急啊~~~谢谢了1、第一次“窃读”遭受屈辱. 第二次“窃读”得到理解帮助.2、因为店员出乎意料之外的深切理解和帮助,使我的内心充满了感激与感动,一时心绪难平.3、（1）“四平八稳”形象地表现出我见到此书没有被卖出去时的激动心情,仿佛感到书也和我心有灵犀,欣悦之情跃然纸上.（2）“若无其事”写出店员充分理解我此时的心情,避免了我的尴尬,也说明他经常帮助像我这样的贫困读者,已习以为常.4、记住,你是吃饭长大,读书长大,也是在爱里长大的.5、答题示例：语言描写——老板：“你到底买不买” “不是一回了!”突出了老板的悭吝、刻薄、凶狠,对贫穷者毫无同情之心.店员：“请看吧,我多留了一天没有卖.”写出店员细心友善,乐于助人,对贫穷者富于同情心.（动作描写——老板：“10个手指大大地分开来,压住了整本书” 凶狠、霸道,对贫穷者毫无同情之心.店员：“一本书触到我的胳膊,轻轻地送到我的面前”；“轻轻地点点头,表示他已经知道我看完了” 写出店员温和友善,乐于助人,对贫穷者深深理解并富于同情心.）窃读记阅读答案（四）: 窃读记阅读答案为什么我很快乐这句话是课文的中心句,集中概括了窃读的百般感受,也是作者情感的集中体现.“我”渴望读书,而又无力购买,因此只好“窃读”.但所谓“窃”,也无非是只读不买.“我”在阅读中感受着书籍所带来的智慧与快乐,却时刻害怕被店员或老板发现受到训斥和哄赶,这种书内世界的吸引与沉迷,书外世界的担忧与紧张,使快乐与惧怕紧密地交织在一起,形成一种复杂的、难以言说的感受,正是窃读的滋味.窃读记阅读答案（五）: 窃读记阅读答案窃读的滋味是怎样的1.我很快乐,也很惧怕--这种窃读的滋味!2.见机行事在顾客多的书店隐藏身份装作躲雨3.因为她只读不买.4.“我”是个热爱读书,渴望知识和书籍的女孩.5.就像在屋檐下躲雨,你总不好意思赶我走吧我有时还要装着皱起眉头,不时望着街心,好像说:“这雨,害得我回不去了.”其实,我的心里却高兴地喊着:“大些!再大些!”为能安全看书而高兴.6.“吃饭长大”指的是身体的物质需要,“读书长大”则是指精神的成长、心灵成长.粮食哺育的是身体,而书籍哺育的是灵魂.一个知识与智慧不断增长的人,才是健康成长的人.窃读记阅读答案（六）: 窃读记阅读答案我跨进店门,暗喜没人注意.我踮着脚尖,从大人的腋下钻过去.哟,把短头发弄乱了,没关系,我总算挤到里边来了.在一排排花花绿绿的书里,我的眼睛急切地寻找,却找不到那本书.从头来,再找一遍.它在这里,原来不在昨天的地方了. 急忙打开书,一页,两页,我像一匹饿狼,贪婪地读着.我很快乐,也很惧怕——这种窃读的滋味!我害怕被书店老板发现,每当我觉得当时的环境已不适宜再读下去的时候,我会知趣地放下书走出去,再走进另一家.有时,一本书要到几家书店才能读完.1.我很快乐,也很惧怕——这种窃读的滋味!这一句中：我快乐的是：（）我惧怕的是：（）2文中哪句话最能写出我如饥似渴的读书请在文中画出来,并写体会.快,我快乐的是：我在阅读中感受着书籍带来的智慧与快乐.我惧怕的是：时刻害怕被店员和老板的发现,而受到训斥和轰赶.急忙打开书,一页,两页,我像一匹饿狼,贪婪地读着,这句话最能写出我如饥似渴的读书.贪婪：没有满足的时候.比喻句：把我比作一匹饥饿的狼,把我贪婪的阅读比作饿狼进食.形象生动具体地写出了我对读书的如饥似渴和对知识的渴望.【窃读记阅读答案】窃读记阅读答案（七）: 《窃读记》阅读理解,窃读的滋味是怎样的,我为什么会有这样的滋味窃读的滋味是：,我很快乐,也很惧怕.我为什么会有这样的滋味答：快乐,是因为喜欢读书,从书中汲取了营养,很快乐. 惧怕,是因为怕窃读的行为被发现,会被赶出书店,会丢面子.这两个词,刻画出了了求知若渴的作者的形象....【窃读记阅读答案】窃读记阅读答案（八）: 窃读记—阅读心得怎么写《窃读记》的阅读心得这篇文章讲的是作者偷偷摸摸去书店读书的故事.作者从下午放学后进入书店入手,然后通过换书店、喜欢顾客多的书店、下雨时和自己的幻想这四部分,加上神态和复杂的心理的描写,写出了快乐与惧怕交加的感受.最后以她的老师的话：“记住,你们是吃饭长大的,也是读书长大的.”而结尾.读了这篇课文,我就想到了自己读书的经历.我经常去新华书店看书.现在看书都是光明正大地看.以前,我们就席地而坐,现在,书店里的条件越来越好了,有了专门供读者坐的椅子、桌子,还有空调,冬天地上还会有毛毯.每次看的时候父母也会给我买一些书,但是这些书到了家里就得到了我的冷落——我不会经常看这些书了,虽然我有时间,但是往往把时间花在看电视剧和上网玩游戏上.因此还有许多的书现在还默默地躺在书柜里.跟同学相比,我也已经算不错了,他们经常买那些作文选、课外阅读、精彩美文等等,但是这些书到他们家里都没有真正地利用起来,他们根本不去管这些书,连翻都没翻过.最后要不卖了,要不就永远地保存在了书柜里.学了《窃读记》这篇课文后,我为我们的行为感到羞愧.窃读记阅读答案（九）: 窃读记阅读短文 1作者窃读的滋味是怎么样的（用原文中的句子来回答）.2为了窃读不倍感,作者有哪些办法(用简洁的语言概括）办法一------------------------------.办法二-----------------------------.办法三-------------------.办法四-------------------------------.3读书是一件光彩的事,可作者为什么要“窃读”.4评价人物：你觉得文中的“我”是个怎样的女孩5品味写法：出色的心理描写是本文一个亮点,请在文中找出一句刻画人物心理的语句并作简要的赏析.例句：------------------------------------------赏析：-----------------------------------------------6升入感悟：”记住你们是吃饭长大的,也是读书长大的!“你对结尾处的这句话是怎么理解的--------------------------------------------------------------------1.我很快乐,也很惧怕——这种窃读的滋味!2.见机行事在顾客多的书店隐藏身份装作躲雨3.因为她只读不买.4.“我”是个热爱读书,渴望知识和书籍的女孩.5.就像在屋檐下躲雨,你总不好意思赶我走吧我有时还要装着皱起眉头,不时望着街心,好像说：“这雨,害得我回不去了.”其实,我的心里却高兴地喊着：“大些!再大些!”为能安全看书而高兴.6.“吃饭长大”指的是身体的物质需要,“读书长大”则是指精神的成长、心灵成长.粮食哺育的是身体,而书籍哺育的是灵魂.一个知识与智慧不断增长的人,才是健康成长的人.窃读记阅读答案作业帮窃读记阅读答案人教版。
高中英语真题-高考英语四月信息匹配类、阅读理解自练(9)答案
高中英语真题:高考英语四月信息匹配类、阅读理解自练（9）答案【由内蒙古包头市2014模拟改编】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on fac t or reason. Examples of prejudice in schools include believin g that some students are particular type of people simply bec ause of the way they dress or act, or believing that a certain g roup is good at sports simply because many peop1e in that gr oup are goad at sports. Another example is believing that a b oy is good at science because many boys are good at scienc e.I would like to cite more examples from the English literatur e. The best example of “prejudice” can be found in Jane Aust en’s novels. Her novels in the history of English literature are popularly known as "novels of manners".Thus you can clearly understand that where manners and social behavior are conc erned，"prejudice" is inevitable ! Austen' s famous novel Pride and Pr ejudice is the best example in this respect. When you read the novel, the very first line that would strike you is “it is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”It is an example of 1 8th century English middle class prejudice that eventually look ed upon women just as an object that would serve as the basi c sign for a man to establish his manliness and his superior a nd well acquired financial status. This novel is chiefly about cl ass division，social norms and the consequent human behavior. The chara cters Elizabeth and Darcy，in their journey of 1ife through the course of the novel, highlig ht their personal prejudices towards one another that arise fro m their different social strata(阶层).Darcy，a rich man , at first ,fails to admire the beauty and intelligence of Elizabeth becaus e of her low social status:"she is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me;”and Elizabeth，proud of her "first impressions"，failed to understand the well natured man under the proud and unfriendly Darcy.1. What is "prejudice" defined in this passage?A. Prejudice is a reasonable idea that is based on one’s own experience.B. Prejudice is a preference for one group of people or things over another.C. Prejudice is a preconceived opinion before becoming awar e of fact or reason.D. Prejudice is an unreasonable dislike of a particular group of people or things.2. The underlined word "inevitable" in the second paragraph p robably_means_ .A. unavoidableB. reasonableC. unbelievableD. valuabl e3.From the novel Pride and Prejudice，we can’t learn that .A. where manners and social behavior are concerned "preju dice" is inevitableB. "prejudice" was defined and compared with“pride” in 18th centuryC. it's about class division，social norms and the consequent human behaviorD. personal prejudices towards one another arise from differ ent social strata【参考答案】1—3、CAB【由四川高考卷改编】The pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting th e digitalization（数字化）of everyday life.Set to open in 2013, the £188m LoB is already beginning to ta le shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with whic h it will share some equipment.As digital media（媒介）is important to its idea. the project is already providing chance s for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about givin g people the right tools for learning,“The aim is to mix the phy sical with the digital. Providing 24-hour services which can be used through, many different way s. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effe ctively.”The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physica l one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure th at it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual（虚拟的）LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are working on the LoB projects. Sub strat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the which is the early stages of development is an online library of figures of t he city being built up by a content company in Cahoots, in whi ch users with the encouraged to add to and comment on the material.Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the libra ry’s and services open to citizens as sever before.”1.The underline part “its ide a” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of____A. the equipmentB. the projectC. the digital mediaD. the physical library2.While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can_____A. get a general idea of the LoBB. meet more world-famous expertsC. learn how to put up a library buildingD. understand how the specialists work on the project3.Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?A. a, b, dB. a, c ,eC. b, c, dD. b, d, e4.This ext more from .A. a put bookB. a library guideC. a handbookD. newspaper report【参考答案】1—4、BA AD阅读理解。
剑桥雅思阅读9(test1)原文答案解析
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剑桥雅思阅读9原文(test1)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.William Henry PerkinThe man who invented synthetic dyesWilliam Henry Perkin was born on March 12, 1838, in London, England. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early intere sts in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry.As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Those speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.At the time of Perkin’s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin’s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann’s attention and, within two years, he becameHofmann’s youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, and by 1856 demand for the drug was surpassing the available supply. Thus, when Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge.During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on th e top floor of his family’s house. He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product. Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Luckily, Perkin’s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. And, proving the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur’s words ‘chance favours only the prepared mind’, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find.Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so costly in society at the time only the rich could afford it. Further, natural dyes tended to be muddy in hue and fade quickly. It was against this backdrop that Perkin’sdiscovery was made.Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to colour fabric, thus making it the world’s first synthetic dye. Realising the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin’s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities.Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet). He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast (i.e. would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry.With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London. Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of London’s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world’s first synthetically dyed material in 1857. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country. Not to be outdone, England’s Queen Victoria also appeared in public wearing a mauve gown, thus making it all the rage in England as well. The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Perkin went back to the drawing board.Although Perkin’s fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859)and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green. It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry.2 Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.3 Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.5 The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.6 Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.7 Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur.Questions 8-13Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.8 Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?9 What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new dye had?10 What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?11 What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own dye works?12 In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable?13 According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-17Reading Passage 2 has five paragraphs, A-E.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-E from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-vii, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi Seeking the transmission of radio signals from planetsii Appropriate responses to signals from other civilisations iii Vast distances to Earth’s closest neighboursiv Assumptions underlying the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencev Reasons for the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencevi Knowledge of extra-terrestrial life formsvii Likelihood of life on other planetsExample AnswerParagraph A v14 Paragraph B15 Paragraph C16 Paragraph D17 Paragraph EIS THERE ANYBODY OUT THERE?The Search for Extra-terrestrial IntelligenceThe question of whether we are alone in the Universe has haunted humanity for centuries, but we may now stand poised on the brink of the answer to that question, as we search for radio signals from other intelligent civilisations. This search, often known by the acronym SETI (search for extra-terrestrial intelligence), is a difficult one. Although groups around the world have been searching intermittently for three decades, it is only now that we have reached the level of technology where we can make a determined attempt to search all nearby stars for any sign of life.AThe primary reason for the search is basic curiosity hethe same curiosity about the natural world that drives all pure science. We want to know whether we are alone in the Universe. We want to know whether life evolves naturally if given the right conditions, or whether there is something very special about the Earth to have fostered the variety of life forms that, we seearound us on the planet. The simple detection of a radio signal will be sufficient to answer this most basic of all questions. In this sense, SETI is another cog in the machinery of pure science which is continually pushing out the horizon of our knowledge. However, there are other reasons for being interested in whether life exists elsewhere. For example, we have had civilisation on Earth for perhaps only a few thousand years, and the threats of nuclear war and pollution over the last few decades have told us that our survival may be tenuous. Will we last another two thousand years or will we wipe ourselves out? Since the lifetime of a planet like ours is several billion years, we can expect that, if other civilisations do survive in our galaxy, their ages will range from zero to several billion years. Thus any other civilisation that we hear from is likely to be far older, on average, than ourselves. The mere existence of such a civilisation will tell us that long-term survival is possible, and gives us some cause for optimism. It is even possible that the older civilisation may pass on the benefits of their experience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we haven’t yet discovered.BIn discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) are generally ignored since most scientists don’t consider the evidence for them to be strong enough to bear serious consideration (although it is also important to keep an open mind in case any really convincing evidence emerges in the future). Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognise it as a life form,quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. In other words, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.CEven when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited. We do not even know, for example, how many stars have planets, and we certainly do not know how likely it is that life will arise naturally, given the right conditions. However, when we look at the 100 billion stars in our galaxy (the Milky Way), and 100 billion galaxies in the observable Universe, it seems inconceivable that at least one of these planets does not have a life form on it; in fact, the best educated guess we can make, using the little that we do know about the conditions for carbon-based life, leads us to estimate that perhaps one in 100,000 stars might have a life-bearing planet orbiting it. That means that our nearest neighbours are perhaps 100 light years away, which is almost next door in astronomical terms.DAn alien civilistation could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy, but many of these either require too much energy, or else are severely attenuated while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy. It turns out that, for a given amount of transmitted power, radio waves in the frequency range 1000 to 3000 MHz travel the greatest distance, and so all searches to date have concentrated on looking forradio waves in this frequency range. So far there have been a number of searches by various groups around the world, including Australian searches using the radio telescope at Parkes, New South Wales. Until now there have not been any detections from the few hundred stars which have been searched. The scale of the searches has been increased dramatically since 1992, when the US Congress voted NASA $10 million per year for ten years to conduct, a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life. Much of the money in this project is being spent on developing the special hardware needed to search many frequencies at once. The project has two parts. One part is a targeted search using the world’s largest radio telescopes, the American-operated telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico and the French telescope in Nancy in France. This part of the project is searching the nearest 1000 likely stars with high sensitivity for signals in the frequency rang 1000 to 3000 MHz. The other part of the project is an undirected search which is monitoring all of space with a lower sensitivity, using the smaller antennas of NASA’s Deep Space Network.EThere is considerable debate over how we should react if we detect a signal from an alien civilisation. Everybody agrees that we should not reply immediately. Quite apart from the impracticality of sending a reply over such large distances at short notice, it raises a host of ethical questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent. Would the human race face the culture shock if faced with a superior and much older civilisation? Luckily, there is no urgency about this. The stars being searched are hundreds of light years away, so it takes hundreds of years for their signal toreach us, and a further few hundred years for our reply to reach them. It’s not important, then, if there’s a delay of a few years, or decades, while the human race debates the question of whether to reply, and perhaps carefully drafts a reply.Questions 18-20Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 18-20 on your answer sheet.18 What is the life expectancy of Earth?19 What kind of signals from other intelligent civilisations are SETI scientists searching for?20 How many stars are the world’s most powerful radio telescopes searching?Questions 21-26Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the views of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the views of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this21 Alien civilisations may be able to help the human race to overcome serious problems.22 SETI scientists are trying to find a life form that resembles humans in many ways.23 The Americans and Australians have co-operated on joint research projects.24 So far SETI scientists have picked up radio signals from several stars.25 The NASA project attracted criticism from some members of Congress.26 If a signal from outer space is received, it will be important to respond promptly.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The history of the tortoiseIf you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the pla nts, without whose prior invasion of the land none of the other migrations could have happened.Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thorough going land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashoreto breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.There is evidence that all modern turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Plaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modern turtles and tortoises. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived on land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.Walter Joyce and Jacques Gauthier, at Yale University, obtained three measurements in these particular bones of 71 species of living turtles and tortoises. They used a kind of triangular graph paper to plot the three measurements against one another. All the land tortoise species formed a tight cluster of points in the upper part of the triangle; all the water turtles cluster in the lower part of the triangular graph. There was no overlap, except when they added some species that spend time both in water and on land. Sure enough, these amphibious species show up on the triangular graph approximately half way between the ‘wet cluster’ of sea turtles and the ‘dry cluster’of land tortoises. The next step was to determine where the fossils fell. The bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis leave us in no doubt. Their points on the graph are right in the thick of the dry cluster. Both these fossils were dry-land tortoises. They come from the era before our turtles returned to the water.You might think, therefore, that modern land tortoises have probably stayed on land ever since those early terrestrial times, as most mammals did after a few of them went back to the sea. But apparently not. If you draw out the family three of all modern turtles and tortoises, nearly all the branches are aquatic. Today’s land tortoises constitute a single branch, deeply nested among branches consisting of aquatic turtles. This suggests that modern land tortoises have not stayed on land continuously since the time of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis. Rather, their ancestors were among those who went back to the water, and they then reemerged back onto the land in (relatively) more recent times.Tortoises therefore represent a remarkable double return. In common with all mammals, reptiles and birds, their remote ancestors were marine fish and before that various more or less worm-like creatures stretching back, still in the sea, to the primeval bacteria. Later ancestors lived on land and stayed there for a very large number of generations. Later ancestors still evolved back into the water and became sea turtles. And finally they returned yet again to the land as tortoises, some of which now live in the driest of deserts.Questions 27-30Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 What had to transfer from sea to land before any animals could migrate?28 Which TWO processes are mentioned as those in which animals had to make big changes as they moved onto lands?29 Which physical feature, possessed by their ancestors, do whales lack?30 which animals might ichthyosaurs have resembled?Questions 31-33Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 31-33 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this31 Turtles were among the first group of animals to migrate back to the sea.32 It is always difficult to determine where an animal lived when its fossilised remains are incomplete.33 The habitat of ichthyosaurs can be determined by the appearance of their fossilised remains.Questions 34-39Complete the flow-chart below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet.Method of determining where the ancestors of turtles and tortoises come fromStep 171 species of living turtles and tortoises were examined anda total of 34 ……………………. were taken from the bones of theirforelimbs.Step 2The data was recorded on a 35 ……………….. (necessary for comparing the information).Outcome: Land tortoises were represented by a dense 36 …………………………… of points towards the top.Sea turtles were grouped together in the bottom part.Step 3The same data was collected from some living 37 ………………. species and added to the other results.Outcome: The points for these species turned out to be positioned about 38 ……………… up the triangle between the land tortoises and the sea turtles.Step 4Bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis were examined in a similar way and the results added.Outcome: The position of the points indicated that both these ancient creatures were 39…………..Question 40Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.According to the writer, the most significant thing about tortoises is thatA they are able to adapt to life in extremely dry environments.B their original life form was a kind of primeval bacteria.C they have so much in common with sea turtles.D they have made the transition from sea to land more than once.剑桥雅思阅读9原文参考译文(test1)PASSAGE 1参考译文：William Henry Perkin 合成染料的发明者Wiliam Henry Perkin于1838年3月12日出生于英国伦敦。
高中英语真题-高考英语阅读理解、书面表达自练(9)答案(三月)
高中英语真题:高考英语阅读理解、书面表达自练（9）答案（三月）阅读理解。
【2014·山东省齐鲁名校高三年级联合测试】When I was growing up in the suburbs of New York，our first local Earth Day was organized around a drive to a to wn field where families were urged to dump items from their b asements for recycling rather than tossing them in the trash.It was an eyeopening concept for a kid in 1970.But as an environmental reporter，I have come to dread (非常害怕) the large amount of deals and promotions that arrive via e mail or in my office or home mailbox on Earth Day.Like Valent ine’s Day，Earth Day has become a huge marketing opportunity—a paradoxical (矛盾的) way to promote consumption and sell stuff.In fact，Earth Day is such a good sales hook that some shops，like Target，have expanded Earth Day into Earth Month.There isn’t time to give you a full rundown of the Earth Day sh opping opportunities I was alerted to this past week.They incl uded deals on buying bottled water and earthfriendly diaper w ipes.My award for the silliest promotion：a plan to gift 25 of the most environmentally conscious stars unique，useful and fabulous “green” products and services，including skin care products，cat litter，cheesecake and artwork.My guess is most of the stuff will end up in celebrities’ garbage.Is buying and selling a good way to celebrate and protect the environment？I would argue that Earth Day might be an occasion to conside r giving up purchases or habits that are environmentally quest ionable or that we could happily do without.How about not buy ing bottled water，but refilling a water bottle？How about not buying foods—even “organic” foods—that are packed in nonrecyclable plastic?Don’t get me wrong.Bridgestone is celebrating Earth Day by p romising to repurpose a spent tire for every tire that it sells.Ve rizon will plant a tree for each cellphone you trade in.Some co ffee stores will even refill reusable mugs at no charge.Target is giving out free reusable carrier bags without requiring a purc hase.But few retailers are taking the next step—charging a fee at the cash register for disposable plastic bags ，a common practice in Europe—to motivate customers to use those new reusable carriers. Earth Day is transient (短暂的)．If you only showed love on Valentine’s Day，would that really mean anything at all?1．The author’s first local Earth Day was celebrated by______ __.A．driving to a town field for funB．dumping unused items for recyclingC．looking for good ideas for reuseD．clearing items from their basement2．Why do some shops expand Earth Day into Earth Month? A．Because too many activities are organized for the day. B．Because they intend to make more sales strategies. C．Because they want to have more selling opportunities. D．Because they have to deal with too much waste. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the deals and promotions on Earth Day?A．Objective. B．Optimistic.C．Supportive. D．Critical.4．According to the author，it’s environmentally friendly to________.A．buy packed organic foodsB．offer stars green productsC．refill water bottlesD．ask for disposable plastic bags5．It could be inferred from the text that Bridgestone and Veri zon________.A．are likely to misunderstand the authorB．have a good way to celebrate Earth DayC．are devoted to making money on Earth DayD．make wrong promotion plans on Earth Day语篇解读本文作者对一些商家在世界地球日的做法发表了自己的观点。
部编版四年级语文下册同步阅读-9 短诗三首(附答案)
类文阅读-9 短诗三首繁星（十）（）的芽儿和青年说“发展你自己！”（）的花儿和青年说“贡献你自己！”（）的果儿和青年说“牺牲你自己！”（选自《繁星春水》西南师范大学出版社）1.选择恰当的词语填在文中的括号里。
淡白嫩绿深红2.这首诗中运用的修辞手法有和。
3.“芽儿”“花儿”“果儿”象征人的成长阶段从到。
4.理解诗歌，完成填空。
当你还是芽儿时，要。
当你开出花儿时，要。
当你成了果儿时，要。
5. 小朋友，觉得自己正处于芽儿、花儿、果儿的哪个成长阶段?这时最应该做的是什么呢？【参考答案】1.嫩绿淡白深红2. 拟人排比3.稚嫩成熟4. 尽量吸收养分，捕捉阳光，发展自己，充实自己用自己的芳香愉悦世界回报社会，为世界献出你的甘甜5.略繁星（一五）小孩子!你可以进我的园，你不要摘我的花——看玫瑰的刺儿，刺伤了你的手。
（选自《繁星春水》西南师范大学出版社）1.“摘”在诗中的意思是（）①取②选取③摘借2.诗中表现对小孩子的热诚欢迎的句子是，表达殷切叮嘱的句子是。
3.这首小诗虽然浅显易懂，但哲理深刻。
你从中明白了什么道理呢？_________________________________________________ __________ ______4.你还读过《繁星》中的哪些诗呢？写出一首吧。
【参考答案】1.①2.你可以进我的园你不要摘我的花3.示例：对美的东西要学会欣赏，企图占有的想法常常是有害的。
4.示例：母亲呵!撇开你的忧愁，容我沉酣在你的怀里,只有你是我灵魂的安顿。
写景作文评语1、笔下的春天丰富而又美丽：红的花，绿的草，青的山，蓝的天……2、抓住了“”的特点，十分准确;“”，给人的感觉“”。
3、描绘景物时，写出了自己的体会，表达出了内心的感受。
比如，发现第一棵小草萌芽时的惊喜，看见在自家屋檐下筑巢的燕子时的兴奋，闻到桃花吐蕊的清香时发出的赞叹，听到老师宣布春游活动时的快乐……这些都是内心的感受。
在描写景物的同时，恰如其分地表达出内心的感受乃至联想，都会使习作更生动，更真实，也会令他人感动。
五年级语文上册第六单元综合阅读(含答案) (9)
部编版五年级语文上册第六单元综合阅读训练一、1．课外阅读。
心中的桥故乡的木桥，实在朴实无华。
倾斜的桥身，标志着它的古老；粗大的桥墩铺满厚厚的青苔，流水冲得它们伤痕累累；圆木柱搭成的桥面，高高低低，留着很多的空隙，几根锈黑的长条钉子紧紧咬着它们。
桥下的江水悠然东去，日复一日，年复一年，唱着一曲单调古朴的歌谣，像摇响了老祖母破旧的纺车。
第一次走到桥头，看到急急而过的江水，听到“哗哗”喧腾的水声，我就吓得闭上了眼，赖着要母亲背我过桥。
母亲没有答应。
她拉我上了桥，教我一步步踩着她的足迹走。
我的脚特别不听使唤，哪儿有洞，偏偏往哪儿踩。
就这样闭着眼，不知过了多久，费了多大周折，我才号啕大哭过了桥。
母亲也累得汗水淋淋，但她终究也没背我。
到了学龄，母亲要我足迹上学，每天都要路经这座桥。
我先是绕大弯从小路走。
一天，小路堵了，我只好战战兢兢走上了桥头。
看见母亲正站在桥的另一头，朝我招手，我放心了，蹲在地上，等母亲来抱。
可过了好久，母亲仍没有过桥，我知道——她不会来接我了。
我只好慢慢向前探出一只脚。
桥面的空隙像童话里的老虎的血盆大口，模板松动的地方，在我的脚下“吱吱”直响。
我一边哭喊着“妈妈”，一边一点点地移动。
就这样，我几乎是挪着过了桥，扑进母亲的怀抱，委屈地抽泣着。
母亲搂着我，擦干我的眼泪。
她的脸漾开了一丝淡淡的笑意，眼里闪烁着母亲的柔光。
我静静地沐浴在爱的柔波中。
长大了，忆及童年过桥的往事，妈妈说：“哪有母亲不疼儿女的，但生活之路是靠你自己走的。
”是啊，当告别生我养我的母亲，扬起生命之帆时，我要只身一人去闯险滩、过恶浪，去遍尝失败的苦涩，去领略成功的欢欣……每想到这些，我就会想到母亲让我过桥的往事，我为儿时对母亲小小的怨恨而羞愧，我为母亲深沉的爱而感动。
家乡的木桥，它是引我走上最初的人生之桥，我的面前一定还有更为艰险的桥，但家乡的木桥——那指引我蹒跚学步的桥，将给我温存的抚慰、无穷的力量。
啊，架在我心中的“母亲桥”，将伴我一生，将引我走向成熟。
桃花源诗阅读答案(共9篇)
桃花源诗阅读答案(共9篇)桃花源诗阅读答案（一）: 《桃花源诗》阅读答案相命肆农耕,日入从所憩.桑竹垂余荫,菽稷随时艺.春蚕收长丝,秋熟靡王税.荒路暧交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.俎豆犹古法,衣裳无新制.童孺纵行歌,斑白欢游诣.草荣识节和,木衰知风厉.虽无纪历志,四时自成岁.怡然有余乐,于何劳智慧——陶渊明《桃花源记》1.翻译句子（1）春蚕收长丝,秋收靡王税.（2）荒路暧交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.2.这些诗句和《桃花源记》（陶渊明作品,是八上的课文）中哪些句子表达的句子意思一致3.这些诗句描写了怎样的社会情景拜托了……急求……老师作业额……1.翻译句子（1）春蚕收长丝秋熟靡王税.秋收时,劳动果实归劳动者所有,用不着向官府缴纳赋税.（2）荒路暖交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.荒草阻隔了与外界的交通,鸡和狗互相鸣叫.2.这些诗句和《桃花源记》中那些句子表达的意思一致“荒路暖交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.”=“阡陌交通,鸡犬相同”3.这些诗句描绘了怎样的社会情境描绘了一个没有阶级,没有剥削,自食其力,自给自足,和平恬静,人人自得其乐的社会,是当时的黑暗社会的鲜明对照,它体现了人们的追求与想往,也反映出人们对现实的不满.桃花源诗阅读答案（二）: 文言文阅读题目《桃花源诗》中“相命肆农耕.于何劳智慧”（1）这节诗主要写了什么（2）这些诗句和《桃花源记》中哪些句子表达的意思一致（3）试比较《桃花源记》和《桃花源诗》两篇文章有什么不同之处嬴氏乱天纪,贤者避其世.黄绮之商山,伊人亦云逝.往迹浸复湮,来径遂芜废.相命肆农耕,日入从所憩.桑竹垂余荫,菽稷随时艺.春蚕收长丝,秋熟靡王税.荒路暧交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.俎豆犹古法,衣裳无新制.童孺纵行歌,斑白欢游诣.草荣识节和,木衰知风厉.虽无纪历志,四时自成岁.怡然有余乐,于何劳智慧!奇踪隐五百,一朝敞神界.谆薄既异源,旋复还幽蔽.借问游方士,焉测尘嚣外愿言蹑轻风,高举寻吾契.陶渊明写桃花源,用了散文与诗两种文体.《桃花源记》主要是描写渔人出入桃花源的经过和在桃花源中的所见所闻；《桃花源诗》是以诗人的口吻讲述桃花源人民生活的和平、安宁.《桃花源诗》内容丰富,对于我们了解陶渊明描写桃花源的意图和生活理想很有帮助,值得与《桃花源记》参照阅读.现将《桃花源诗》转录如下：嬴氏乱天纪,贤者避其世.黄绮之高山,伊人亦云逝.往迹浸复湮,来径遂芜废.相命肆农耕,曰入所从憩.桑竹垂余荫,菽稷随时艺.春蚕收长丝,秋熟靡王税.荒路暖交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.俎豆犹古法,衣裳无新制.童孺纵行歌,斑白欢游诣.草茶识节和,木衰知风厉.虽无纪历志,四时自成岁.怡然有余乐,于何劳智慧.奇踪隐五百,一朝敝神界.淳薄既异源,旋复还幽蔽.借问游方士,焉测尘嚣外.愿言蹑轻风,高举寻吾契.第一段,叙述、说明桃花源中人的来历,跟《桃花源记》中所记“自云先世避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境,不复出焉,遂与外人间隔”意思大体相同.但诗中具体列出黄（夏黄公）、绮（绮里季）避秦时乱到高山的实例,来暗示桃花源中人与这些古代贤者志趣一致,或者说,正是那些贤者带他们到桃花源的.第二段,介绍桃花源中人的生活情景.先写桃花源里人参加劳动,日出而作,日没而息.“相命肆家耕”,是说相互招呼,努力耕作.“秋熟靡王税”,是说到了秋收时,劳动果实归劳动者所有,用不着向官府缴纳赋税,说明没有封建剥削和压迫.接着写人与人之间和睦相处,仍然保持着古代的礼仪,衣裳也是古代的式样.孩子们纵情地歌唱,老人们自由自在地游乐.最后写那里的一切都是顺应自然,怡然自得.随着季节的自然变化调节生活和劳作,所以连历法也用不着,更不用竭尽思虑、费心劳神了.第三段,诗人发表议论和感慨.“奇踪隐五百”,是说从秦到晋,桃花源中人隐居了五百年（概数,实际是约六百年）.“一朝敝神界”是说桃花源被渔人发现,泄露了这个神仙般的世界的秘密.“旋复还幽蔽”,是说桃花源刚敞开又立即与外界隔绝,也就是《桃花源记》中所说的“遂迷,不复得路”.人们读到这里,往往会想,既然渔人离开桃花源时已“处处志之”,那么,怎么会再也找不着呢如果细读《桃花源诗》就会发现诗人对这个问题是已经作了回答的,那就是“淳薄既异源”,意思是说,世俗生活的浅薄与桃花源中民风的淳朴,是格格不入,绝然不同的.试想,如果真在那么一个桃花源,而它又果真给刘子骥他们找到了,那么,它还能独立存在吗东晋末期,战乱频繁,徭役繁重,人民逃亡.诗人把桃花源中人的生活写得那么安宁、和谐,这正是对黑暗现实的一种否定.千余年来,不知有多少人对桃花源的有无进行过探讨.有人说,避乱逃难时,确实有许多人跑到深山野林,穷乡僻壤去过理想的生活.但能不能据此而把这个理想与桃花源等同起来呢显然不能,因为桃花源中的生活情景是被诗人理想化了的.“借问游方士,焉测尘嚣外”,意思是世上的一般人“游方士”是不可能真正理解“尘嚣外”（桃花源）的生活情景的.“愿言蹑轻风,高举寻吾契.”,这是诗人抒发自己的感情,具有浪漫主义色彩.意思是希望能驾起轻风,腾飞而起,去追求那些与自己志趣相投的人们（其中显然包括诗的开头所说的古代贤者和桃花源中人）.据萧统《陶渊明传》记载：“渊明不解音律,而蓄无弦琴一张,每酒适,辄抚弄以寄其意.”无弦琴是弹奏不出声音的,拨弄它是为了“寄其意”,描写一个美好的世外桃源,虽然超尘脱俗,无法实现,却也正是为了“寄其意”.从以上简单的分析来看,《桃花源诗》在有些方面确比《桃花源记》写得更为具体、详细.《桃花源记》局限于写渔人的所见所闻,渔人在桃花源逗留时间不长,见闻有限.而《桃花源诗》显得更为灵活自由,也便于诗人直接抒写自己的情怀,因此我们读《桃花源记》不可不读《桃花源诗》.需要说明的是有人认为《桃花源诗》赞美“古法”,不要“智慧”是一种消极、倒退的表现.这其实是没有真正领会诗人写作的本意.所谓“古法”,虽是一种寄托,表示向往古代社会的淳朴,而并非是要开历史的倒车；所谓“于何劳智慧”实际是对世俗生活中的尔虞我诈、勾心斗角表示憎恶与否定.正如前人所指出的,陶渊明是一个“有志天下”“欲为为而不能为”的人,他有自己的理想和报负而无法实现,这才是他的思想本质,我们读他的作品,一定要注意把握这一点.译文秦始皇暴政,打乱了天下的纲纪,贤人便纷纷避世隐居,黄绮等人于秦末避乱隐居商山.桃花源里的人也隐居避世.进入桃花源的踪迹逐渐湮没,如桃花源之路于是荒芜废弃了.桃花源人互相勉励督促致力农耕,日出而作日落而息.桑树竹林垂下浓荫,豆谷类随着季节种植,春天收取蚕丝,秋天收获了却不用交赋税.荒草阻隔了与外界的交通,鸡和狗互相鸣叫.祭祀还是先秦的礼法,衣服没有新的款式.儿童纵情随意的唱着歌,老人欢快的来往游玩.草木茂盛使人认识到春天来临,天边暖和了；树木凋谢使人知道寒风猛烈,秋冬之季到了.虽然没有记载岁时的历书,但四季自然转换,周而成岁.生活欢乐得很,还有什么用得着操心桃花源的奇迹隐居了五百多年.今日却向世人敞开桃花源神仙般的境界.桃花源中的淳朴风气和人世间的浇薄人情本源不同,一时显露的桃花源又深深地隐藏起来了.试问世俗之士,又怎么能知道尘世之外的事我愿驾着清风,高高飞去,寻找与我志趣相投的人.诗外话汉末以来,中原板荡,兵连祸结.史书中有不少人民逃到深山老林之中寻求安定生活的记载.诗人熟读历史,亲历祸乱,切身体验到战争给人民带来的灾难.同时,宦海沉浮,冷眼旁观,也深知官场黑暗与民间疾苦.于是他向往没有兵灾战乱、没有朝代更迭的安定生活,向往没有君臣尊卑、没有赋税徭役的祥和环境.种种传说故事,种种美丽幻想,共同催生出了那令人向往的诗文双璧：《桃花源记》和《桃花源诗》.桃花源记晋太元中,武陵人捕鱼为业.缘溪行,忘路之远近.忽逢桃花林,夹岸数百步,中无杂树,芳草鲜美,落英缤纷.渔人甚异之.复前行,欲穷其林.林尽水源,便得一山,山有小口,仿佛若有光.便舍船,从口入.初极狭,才通人.复行数十步,豁然开朗.土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属.阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻.其中往来种作,男女衣着,悉如外人.黄发垂髫(tiáo),并怡然自乐.见渔人,乃大惊,问所从来.具（通“俱”）答之.便要（yāo,通“邀”)还家,设酒杀鸡作食.村中闻有此人,咸来问讯.自云先世避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境, 不复出焉,遂与外人间（jiàn）隔.问今是何世,乃不知有汉,无论魏晋.此人一一为（wèi）具言所闻,皆叹惋.余人各复延至其家,皆出酒食.停数日,辞去.此中人语云：“不足为（wèi）外人道也.”既出,得其船,便扶向路,处处志之.及郡下,诣太守,说如此.太守即遣人随其往,寻向所志,遂迷,不复得路.南阳刘子骥,高尚士也,闻之,欣然规往.未果,寻病终.后遂无问津者.桃花源记译文东晋太元年间,有个武陵人以捕鱼作为职业.有一天他顺着溪水划船前进,忘记了路程有多远.忽然遇到一片桃花林,桃树紧靠着溪流两岸生长,长达几百步(这儿的步在古代是一个计算单位,并非是现代的一步),中间没有其他的树,野花野草鲜艳美丽,地上的落花繁多.渔人对此感到诧异.再往前走,想走到那片桃林的尽头.桃林在溪水发源的地方就到头了,于是出现一座山,山上有个小洞口,洞里隐隐约约好像有光亮.渔人就离开小船,从洞口进去.开始洞口很窄,仅容一个人通过.又走了几十步,突然变得开阔明亮了.这里土地平坦开阔,房屋整整齐齐的样子,有肥沃的田地,美丽的池塘和桑树竹子这类的景物.田间小路交错相通,村落间互相能听到鸡鸣狗叫的声音.那里面的人们来来往往耕田劳作,男女的穿戴完全像桃花源外的世人.老人和小孩都悠闲愉快,自得其乐的样子.桃源中人看见渔人,便很惊奇,问渔人从哪里来.渔人一一地回答.他们就邀请渔人到他们家里去,摆酒杀鸡做饭菜.村子里的人听说有这样一个人,都来问消息.他们自己说前代祖先为了躲避秦朝时候的战乱,带领妻子、儿女和同乡人来到这个与人世隔绝的地方,没有再出去过,最终和桃花源以外的世人隔绝了.他们问现在是什么朝代,竟不知道有过汉朝,更不必说魏朝和晋朝了.这渔人一个一个地为他们详细说出自己知道的情况,这些人听罢都感叹惋惜.其他的人各自又邀请渔人到自己的家中,都拿出美酒和饭菜来招待.渔人在这里停留了几天,告辞离去.这里的人告诉他说：“请不要把这里的情况对桃花源以外的人说.”渔人出了桃花源后,找到了他的船,就沿着来时的路回去,到处作了标记.回到武陵郡里,去拜见太守,报告了这些情况.太守立即派人跟着他前去,寻找先前做的标记,竟迷路了,再也找不到渔人留下的标记.南阳人刘子骥,是个高尚的名士,听到这件事,就高高兴兴地计划前往.没有找到目标,不久病死了.后来就再没有探寻通往桃花源的路的人了.桃花源诗阅读答案（三）: 《桃花源诗》分析全文的解释和中心意思桃花源诗嬴氏乱天纪,贤者避其世.黄绮（qǐ）之商山,伊人亦云逝.往迹浸复湮（yān）,来径遂芜废.相命肆农耕,日入从所憩（qì）.桑竹垂馀荫,菽稷随时艺；春蚕收长丝,秋熟靡王税.荒路暖交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.俎(zǔ)豆独古法,衣裳无新制.童孺纵行歌,班白欢游诣（yì）.草荣识节和,木衰知风厉.虽无纪历志,四时自成岁.怡然有馀乐,于何荣智慧!奇踪隐五百,一朝敞神界.淳薄既异源,旋复还幽蔽.借问游方士,焉测尘嚣外.愿言蹑（niè）清风,高举寻吾契（qì）.译文：秦始皇暴政,打乱了天下的纲纪,贤人便纷纷避世隐居,黄绮等人于秦末避乱隐居商山.桃花源里的人也隐居避世.进入桃花源的踪迹逐渐湮没,如桃花源之路于是荒芜废弃了.桃花源人互相勉励督促致力农耕,日出而作日落而息.桑树竹林垂下浓荫,豆谷类随着季节种植,春天收取蚕丝,秋天收获了却不用交赋税.荒草阻隔了与外界的交通,鸡和狗互相鸣叫.祭祀还是先秦的礼法,衣服没有新的款式.儿童纵情随意的唱着歌,老人欢快的来往游玩.草木茂盛使人认识到春天来临,天边暖和了；树木凋谢使人知道寒风猛烈,秋冬之季到了.虽然没有记载岁时的历书,但四季自然转换,周而成岁.生活欢乐得很,还有什么用得着操心桃花源的奇迹隐居了五百多年.今日却向世人敞开桃花源神仙般的境界.桃花源中的淳朴风气和人世间的浇薄人情本源不同,一时显露的桃花源又深深地隐藏起来了.试问世俗之士,又怎么能知道尘世之外的事我愿驾着清风,高高飞去,寻找与我志趣相投的人.赏析：陶渊明写桃花源,用了散文与诗两种文体.《桃花源记》主要是描写渔人出入桃花源的经过和在桃花源中的所见所闻；《桃花源诗》是以诗人的口吻讲述桃花源人民生活的和平、安宁.《桃花源诗》内容丰富,对于我们了解陶渊明描写桃花源的意图和生活理想很有帮助,值得与《桃花源记》参照阅读.桃花源诗阅读答案（四）: 阅读桃花源诗,找出寄托作者追求的理想生活的诗句嬴氏乱天纪,贤者避其世.黄绮之商山,伊人亦云逝.阅读桃花源诗,找出寄托作者追求的理想生活的诗句嬴氏乱天纪,贤者避其世.黄绮之商山,伊人亦云逝.往迹浸复湮,来径遂芜废.相命肆农耕,日入从所憩.桑竹垂馀荫,菽稷随时艺；春蚕收长丝,秋熟靡王税.荒路暧交通,鸡犬互鸣吠.俎豆独古法,衣裳无新制.童孺纵行歌,班白欢游诣.草荣识节和,木衰知风厉.虽无纪历志,四时自成岁.怡然有馀乐,于何荣智慧!奇踪隐五百,一朝敞神界.淳薄既异源,旋复还幽蔽.借问游方士,焉测尘嚣外.愿言蹑清风,高举寻吾契.重离照南陆,鸣鸟声相闻；秋草虽未黄,融风久已分.素砾修渚,南岳无馀云.豫章抗高门,重华固灵坟.流泪抱中叹,倾耳听司晨.神州献嘉粟,西灵为我驯.诸梁董师旅,芊胜丧其身.山阳归下国,成名犹不勤.卜生善斯牧,安乐不为君.平王去旧京,峡中纳遗薰.双陵甫云育,三趾显奇文.王子爱清吹,日中翔河汾.朱公练九齿,闲居离世纷.峨峨西岭内,偃息常所亲.天容自永固,彭殇非等伦.【桃花源诗阅读答案】借问游方士,焉测尘嚣外.愿言蹑清风,高举寻吾契.桃花源诗阅读答案（五）: 关于《桃花源诗》请根据加括号的字的意思,另答一个这个字的成语.日入（从）所憩俎豆（犹）古法荒路暧交（通）请注意：是成语、不是词语、“相命肆农耕,日入从所憩”.意思是：桃花源中的人互相勉励督促,致力于农耕,日出而作,日落而息.从：介词举例：从井救人“俎豆犹古法,衣裳无新制”两句涉及桃源中人的“衣着”,值得我们特别注意.“俎豆” 是指祭祀的仪式,“新制” 是指新的样式.这里以“犹古法”和“无新制”相对举,显然是要通过礼法和衣裳的细节,说明“桃花源”中的一切,都还延续着先秦的古风.犹：如同举例：迥不犹人“荒路暧交通,鸡犬互鸣吠”中的‘暧’读作‘爱’是遮蔽的意思.理解为荒野草丛中的小路交错相通,到处鸡鸣狗叫.通：连通举例：串通一气桃花源诗阅读答案（六）: 桃花源诗中,写到桃源人与外人隔绝的原因是什么嬴氏乱天纪,贤者避其世.黄绮之商山,伊人亦云逝说明桃花源中人的来历,跟《桃花源记》中所记“自云先世避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境,不复出焉,遂与外人间隔”意思大体相同.但诗中具体列出黄（夏黄公）、绮（绮里季）避秦时乱到高山的实例,来暗示桃花源中人与这些古代贤者志趣一致,或者说,正是那些贤者带他们到桃花源的.桃花源诗阅读答案（七）: 《桃花源诗》中哪两句直接表达了作者向往桃源,追求理想的愿望1 怡然有余乐,于何劳智慧!2 愿言蹑清风,高举寻吾契.这两句都是直接表达了作者对桃花源的向往桃花源诗阅读答案（八）: 《桃花源诗》中的成语,注意是桃花源”诗“里的,【桃花源诗阅读答案】荒路暧(ài）交通：荒草阻隔了与外界的交通对应阡陌交通,田间小路交错相通桃花源诗阅读答案（九）: 桃花源诗与桃花源记相似之处陶渊明写桃花源,用了散文与诗两种文体.《桃花源记》主要是描写渔人出入桃花源的经过和在桃花源中的所见所闻；《桃花源诗》是以诗人的口吻讲述桃花源人民生活的和平、安宁.《桃花源诗》内容丰富,对于我们了解陶渊明描写桃花源的意图和生活理想很有帮助,值得与《桃花源记》参照阅读.雨中桃花源阅读答案追寻桃花源阅读答案第 11 页共 11 页。
(最新部编版)三年级语文上册类文阅读附答案-9 那一定会很好
类文阅读-9 那一定会很好熊妈妈变开心了熊妈妈家有两个孩子：大熊和二熊。
人家都说，熊妈妈的两个孩子长相有点呆头呆脑的，但熊妈妈却觉得自己的孩子很聪明。
大熊和二熊长大了，熊妈妈要让孩子开店做生意，这样会更聪明。
她叫大熊开了一家（晾凉）帽店，叫二熊开了一家雨伞店。
熊妈妈有个脾气，什么事情都要自己操心。
她每天都要跑到大熊的凉帽店去看看，生意做得怎么样？再跑到二熊的雨伞店去瞧瞧，来买雨伞的顾客多不多？然后才放心地回去（烧浇）菜做饭，等两个孩子回来吃饭。
早晨，太阳出来了，熊妈妈发愁了：卖雨伞的二熊要没生意了。
下午，忽然下雨了，熊妈妈又发愁了：卖凉帽的大熊（嫌赚）不到钱了。
熊妈妈老是开心不起来。
熊妈妈老想着凉帽店和雨伞店，整天愁眉苦脸。
太阳出来，她要愁;天下雨了，她又要愁。
山羊公公知道了，特意跑来劝她：“你应当这样想才对：太阳出来了，卖凉帽的大熊生意来了;下雨了，卖雨伞的二熊生意好了。
这么一想，就没愁了！”熊妈妈觉得山羊公公的话有道理。
大晴天，熊妈妈跑到大熊的凉帽店，看到生意真好，笑得真开心！下雨了，熊妈妈跑到二熊的雨伞店，看到生意忙不过来，乐得合不拢嘴！开心（的得）熊妈妈，不管天晴下雨，总是乐呵呵的，这样多好！（选自《小学生阅读报》 2013年第6期）1.画去文中括号里错误的字2.照样子，写词语呆头呆脑（ABAC式）：、、愁眉苦脸（写出含有五官的词语）：、、3.下面跟文章内容不符的一项是（）。
A.熊妈妈有两个孩子B.大熊开雨伞店，二熊开凉帽店C. 大熊二熊都很聪明4.熊妈妈开始总发愁，后来总是乐呵呵，这是为什么呢？【参考答案】1.晾浇嫌得2.示例：不慌不忙一心一意常来常往喜上眉梢笑口常开耳聪目明3.B4.开始熊妈妈总是想不好的方面，后来转变了心态，以积极乐观的态度看待孩子们的生意，所以就快乐起来了。
找阴凉太阳火辣辣地晒着，小动物们热得受不了，四处找阴凉。
找呀找，找到了一棵大树，树上长着密密麻麻的叶子，遮出好大一片阴凉。
(最新部编教材)五年级语文上册类文阅读训练附参考答案-9 猎人海力布
类文阅读-9 猎人海力布让王爷下轿一次，王爷出门，坐的是八抬大轿，跟的是前后随从、卫士，开道锣，助威鼓，人喊马叫，真是威风凛凛，神气十足，没想到半路遇上了巴拉根仓。
“谁这样大胆，看着王爷还不闪在路旁跪下！”王爷气得吹胡子瞪眼，粗声粗气地喊。
“报告王爷！”随从把巴拉根仓抓到轿前说，“这就是那天不怕地不怕的巴拉根仓。
”“是，我叫巴拉根仓。
”巴拉根仓不慌不忙说，“小民没认出是王爷大驾。
”“哈哈……你就是巴拉根仓？”王爷说，“听说你最能用谎话骗人，是吗？”“不敢，小人是最爱说实话的人。
”巴拉根仓说。
“都说你最有本事，今天你能把我从轿子里骗下来吗？”王爷自以为难住了巴拉根仓，得意地大笑起来。
“不敢，不敢，我怎么能把王爷赶下轿呢！如果王爷下了轿，我倒有办法马上请你上轿。
”“真的吗？”“凭小人这点智慧来说，这点小事并不难办到。
”王爷心里想：我偏不上轿看你怎么办。
便答应说：“好，好。
”说着从轿里跳下来。
巴拉根仓等王爷两脚一落地，笑着说：“聪明的王爷，这不是把你骗下轿了吗！”王爷被巴拉根仓耍得张口结舌，直瞪着那双臃（yōng）肿的眼睛，一句话没说就又钻进轿子。
“看！聪明的王爷，我（）让你下了轿，（）让你一句话没说又上了轿！”随从们见王爷气得嘴歪眼斜，都偷偷笑起来。
（选自《中国机智人物故事大观》河北教育出版社）1.在文中的括号里填入恰当的关联词语。
2.画线句子是对人物的描写和描写。
“吹胡子瞪眼”是形容的样子。
3.本文主要写了什么事？从中可以看出巴拉根仓怎样的态度？4.巴拉根仓是蒙古族著名的机智人物形象。
你还知道哪些机智人物呢？写出他们的名字吧。
【参考答案】1.不仅还2.语言神态王爷很生气3.本文主要写了巴拉根仓骗王爷下轿的事，从中可以看出他的聪明机智，对王爷的权势无所畏惧的态度。
4.示例：诸葛亮刘伯温徐文长阿凡提宗本请客（节选）从前有位宗本（县官），家里堆满发霉的粮食，却舍不得施舍给百姓。
宗本家里有个聪明的仆人，名叫土登。
托福TPO9阅读原文翻译及答案：Part1
托福TPO9阅读原文翻译及答案：Part1托福TPO是我们托福阅读的重要参考资料，为了方便大家备考，下面小编给大家整理了托福TPO9阅读原文翻译及答案：Part1，希望大家喜欢。
托福TPO9阅读原文：Part1It has long been accepted that the Americas were colonized by a migration of peoples from Asia, slowly traveling across a land bridge called Beringia (now the Bering Strait between northeastern Asia and Alaska) during the last Ice Age. The first water craft theory about this migration was that around 11,000-12,000 years ago there was an ice-free corridor stretching from eastern Beringia to the areas of North America south of the great northern glaciers. It was this midcontinental corridor between two massive ice sheets-the Laurentide to the east and the Cordilleran to the west-that enabled the southward migration. But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect. He persuasively argued that such an ice-free corridor did not exist until much later, when the continental ice began its final retreat.Support is growing for the alternative theory that people using watercraft, possibly skin boats, moved southward from Beringia along the Gulf of Alaska and then southward along the Northwest coast of North America possibly as early as 16,000 years ago. This route would have enabled humans to enter southern areas of the Americas prior to the melting of the continental glaciers. Until the early 1970s,most archaeologists did not consider the coast a possible migration route into theAmericas because geologists originally believed that during the last Ice Age the entire Northwest Coast was covered by glacial ice. It had been assumed that the ice extended westward from the Alaskan/Canadian mountains to the very edge of the continental shelf, the flat, submerged part of the continent that extends into the ocean. This would have created a barrier of ice extending from the Alaska Peninsula, through the Gulf of Alaska and southward along the Northwest Coast of north America to what is today the state of Washington.The most influential proponent of the coastal migration route has been Canadian archaeologist Knut Fladmark. He theorized that with the use of watercraft, people gradually colonized unglaciated refuges and areas along the continental shelf exposed by the lower sea level. Fladmark's hypothesis received additional support form from the fact that the greatest diversity in native American languages occurs along the west coast of the Americas, suggesting that this region has been settled the longest.More recent geologic studies documented deglaciation and the existence of ice-free areas throughout major coastal areas of British Columbia, Canada, by 13,000 years ago. Research now indicates that sizable areas of southeastern Alaska along the inner continental shelf were not covered by ice toward the end of the last Ice Age. One study suggests that except for a 250-mile coastal area between southwestern British Columbia and Washington State, the Northwest Coast of North America was largely free of ice by approximately 16,000 years ago. Vast areas along the coast may have been deglaciated beginning around 16,000 years ago, possibly providing a coastal corridor for the movement of plants, animals, and humans sometime between13,000 and 14,000 years ago.The coastal hypothesis has gained increasing support in recent years because the remains of large land animals, such as caribou and brown bears, have been found in southeastern Alaska dating between 10,000 and 12,500 years ago. This is the time period in which most scientists formerly believed the area to be inhospitable for humans. It has been suggested that if the environment were capable of supporting breeding populations of bears, there would have been enough food resources to support humans. Fladmark and other believe that the first human colonization of America occurred by boat along the Northwest Coast during the very late Ice Age, possibly as early as 14,000 years ago. The most recent geologic evidence indicates that it may have been possible for people to colonize ice-free regions along the continental shelf that were still exposed by the lower sea level between13,000 and 14,000 years ago.The coastal hypothesis suggests an economy based on marine mammal hunting, saltwater fishing, shellfish gathering, and the use of watercraft. Because of the barrier of ice to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and populated areas to the north, there may have been a greater impetus for people to move in a southerly direction.Paragraph 1: It has long been accepted that the Americas were colonized by a migration of peoples from Asia, slowly traveling across a land bridge called Beringia (now the Bering Strait between northeastern Asia and Alaska) during the last Ice Age. The first water craft theory about this migration was that around 11,000-12,000 years ago there was an ice-free corridor stretching from eastern Beringia to the areas of North America south of the great northern glaciers. It was this midcontinentalcorridor between two massive ice sheets-the Laurentide to the east and the Cordilleran to the west-that enabled the southward migration. But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect. He persuasively argued that such an ice-free corridor did not exist until much later, when the continental ice began its final retreat.托福TPO9阅读题目Part11. According to paragraph 1, the theory that people first migrated to the Americans by way of an ice-free corridor was seriously called into question by○paleoecologist Glen MacDonald's ar gument that the original migration occurred much later than had previously been believed○the demonstration that certain previously accepted radiocarbon dates were incorrect○evidence that the continental ice began its final retreat much later than had previously been believed○research showing that the ice-free corridor was not as long lasting as had been widely assumed2. The word "persuasively" in the passage is closest in meaning to○aggressively○inflexibly○convincingly○carefullyParagraph 2: Support is growing for the alternative theory that people using watercraft, possibly skin boats, moved southward from Beringia along the Gulf of Alaska and thensouthward along the Northwest coast of North America possibly as early as 16,000 years ago. This route would have enabled humans to enter southern areas of the Americas prior to the melting of the continental glaciers. Until the early 1970s,most archaeologists did not consider the coast a possible migration route into the Americas because geologists originally believed that during the last Ice Age the entire Northwest Coast was covered by glacial ice. It had been assumed that the ice extended westward from the Alaskan/Canadian mountains to the very edge of the continental shelf, the flat, submerged part of the continent that extends into the ocean. This would have created a barrier of ice extending from the Alaska Peninsula, through the Gulf of Alaska and southward along the Northwest Coast of north America to what is today the state of Washington.3. Paragraph 2 begins by presenting a theory and then goes on to○ discuss why the theory was rapidly accepted but then rejected○ present the evidence on which the theory was based○ cite evidence that now shows that the theory is incorrect ○ explain why the theor y was not initially considered plausible4. The phrase "prior to" is closest in meaning to○ before○ immediately after○ during○ in spite of5. Paragraph 2 supports the idea that, before the 1970s, most archaeologists held which of the following views about the earliest people to reach the Americas?○They could not have sailed directly from Beringia to Alaska and then southward because, it was thought, glacial ice covered the entire coastal region.○They were not aware that the climate would continue to become milder.○They would have had no interest in migrating southward from Beringia until after the continental glaciers had begun to melt.○They lacked the navigational skills and appropriate boats needed long-distance trips.Paragraph 3: The most influential proponent of the coastal migration route has been Canadian archaeologist Knut Fladmark. He theorized that with the use of watercraft, people gradually colonized unglaciated refuges and areas along the continental shelf exposed by the lower sea level. Fladmark's hypothesis received additional support form from the fact that the greatest diversity in native American languages occurs along the west coast of the Americas, suggesting that this region has been settled the longest.6. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways to leave out essential information.○Because this region has been settled the longest, it also displays the greatest diversity in Native American languages.○Fladmark's hypothesis states that the west coast of the Americas has been settled longer than any other region.○The fact that the greatest diversity of Native American languages occurs along the west coast of the Americans lends strength to Fradmark's hypothesis.○According to Fladmark, Native American languages have survived the longest along the west coast of the Americas.Paragraph 4: More recent geologic studies documented deglaciation and the existence of ice-free areas throughout major coastal areas of British Columbia, Canada, by 13,000 years ago. Research now indicates that sizable areas of southeastern Alaska along the inner continental shelf were not covered by ice toward the end of the last Ice Age. One study suggests that except for a 250-mile coastal area between southwestern British Columbia and Washington State, the Northwest Coast of North America was largely free of ice by approximately 16,000 years ago. Vastareas along the coast may have been deglaciated beginning around 16,000 years ago, possibly providing a coastal corridor for the movement of plants, animals, and humans sometime between 13,000 and 14,000 years ago.7. The author's purpose in paragraph 4 is to○ indicate that a number of recent geologic studies seem to provide support for the coastal hypothesis○ indicate that coastal and inland migrations may have happened simultaneously○ explain why humans may have reached America's northwest coast before animals and plants did○ show t hat the coastal hypothesis may explain how people first reached Alaska but it cannot explain how people reached areas like modern British Columbia and Washington State8. The word "Vast" in the passage is closest in meaning to○Frozen○Various○Isolated○H ugeParagraph 5: The coastal hypothesis has gained increasing support in recent years because the remains of large land animals, such as caribou and brown bears, have been found in southeastern Alaska dating between 10,000 and 12,500 years ago. This is the time period in which most scientists formerly believed the area to be inhospitable for humans. It has been suggested that if the environment were capable of supporting breeding populations of bears, there would have been enough food resources to support humans. Fladmark and other believe that the first human colonization of America occurred by boat along the Northwest Coast during the very late Ice Age, possibly as early as 14,000 years ago. The most recent geologic evidence indicates that it may have been possible for people to colonize ice-free regions along the continental shelf that were still exposed by the lower sea level between13,000 and 14,000 years ago.9. According to paragraph 5, the discovery of the remains of large land animals supports the coastal hypothesis by providing evidence that○ humans were changing their hunting techniques to adapt to coastal rather than inland environments○ animals had migrated from the inland to the coasts, an indication that a midcontinental ice-free corridor was actually implausible○ humans probably would have been able to find enough resources along the coastal corridor○ the continental shelf was still exposed by lower sea levels during the period when the southward migration of people began10. The word "inhospitable" in the passage is closest inmeaning to○ not familiar○ not suitable○ not dangerous○ not reachable11. According to paragraph 5, the most recent geologic research provides support for a first colonization of America dating as far back as○16,000 years ago○14,000 years ago○12,500 years ago○10,000 years agoParagraph 6: The coastal hypothesis suggests an economy based on marine mammal hunting, saltwater fishing gathering, and the use of watercraft. Because of the barrier of ice to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and populated areas to the north, there may have been a greater impetus for people to move in a southerly direction.12. The word "impetus" in the passage is closest in meaning to○ chance○ protection○ possibility○ incentiveParagraph 1: It has long been accepted that the Americas were colonized by a migration of peoples from Asia, slowly traveling across a land bridge called Beringia (now the Bering Strait between northeastern Asia and Alaska) during the last Ice Age. ■The fi rst water craft theory about the migration was that around 11,000-12,000 years ago there was an ice-free corridorstretching from eastern Beringia to the areas of North America south of the great northern glaciers. It was the midcontinental corridor between two massive ice sheets-the Laurentide to the west-that enabled the southward migration. ■But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect. ■He persuasively argued that such an ice-free corridor did not exist until much later, when the continental ice began its final retreat. ■13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.Moreover, other evidence suggests that even if an ice-free corridor did exist, it would have lacked the resources needed for human colonization.Where could the sentence best fit?14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.Recent evidence favors a rival to the long-standing theory that the Americas were colonized 11,000-12,000 years ago by people migrating south from Beringia along a midcontinental ice-free corridor.●●●Answer Choices○Evidence that an ice-free corridor between two ice sheets developed when the continental ice first began to melt came primarily from radiocarbon dating.○There is growing support for the theory that migration took place much earlier, by sea, following a coastal route along Alaska and down the northwest coast.○Recent geologic evidence indicates that contrary to what had been believed, substantial areas along the coast were free of ice as early as 16,000 years ago.○Research now indicates that the parts of the inner continental shelf that remained covered with ice were colonized by a variety of early human groups well adapted to living in extremely cold environments.○There is evidence sugge sting that areas along the coast may have contained enough food resources between 13,000 and 14,000 years ago to have made human colonization possible.○Even though the northern part of the continent allowed for a more varied economy, several early human groups quickly moved south.托福TPO9阅读答案Part1参考答案：1. ○22. ○33. ○44. ○15. ○16. ○37. ○18.○49. ○310. ○211. ○212. ○413. ○414. There is growing supportRecent geologic evidenceThere is evidence suggesting托福TPO9阅读翻译Part1参考翻译：美国西北海岸的移民这种观念被人们接受很长时间了：美洲被一群来自亚洲的移民殖民统治着，他们在上一个冰河时代缓慢地跨越了一个叫做白令的大陆桥(现在白令海峡位于东北亚和阿拉斯加之间)。
部编版四年级语文上册第三单元类文阅读9 古诗三首附答案
部编版四年级语文上册第三单元类文阅读9 古诗三首浪淘沙（唐）刘禹锡八月涛声吼地来，头高数丈触山回。
须臾却入海门去，卷起沙堆似雪堆。
1.根据意思写出诗中的词语。
（1）指极短的时间。
（）（2）江海汇合之处。
（）2.“八月涛声吼地来”是从（视觉听觉）方面来描写的，写了（涨潮退潮）时的景象；“头高数丈触山回”是从（视觉听觉）方面来描写的，写了（涨潮退潮）时的景象。
3.把“须臾却入海门去，卷起沙堆似雪堆”改写成现代汉语。
4.“卷起沙堆似雪堆”运用了的修辞手法。
请你运用这种手法仿写一句。
【参考答案】1.（1）须臾（2）海门2.听觉涨潮视觉退潮3.片刻之间便退向江海汇合之处回归大海，它所卷起的座座沙堆在阳光照耀下像洁白的雪堆。
4.比喻示例：大海真蓝啊，就像一颗晶莹剔透的蓝宝石。
雪梅•其二（宋）卢梅坡有梅无雪不精神，有雪无诗俗了人。
日暮诗成天又雪，与梅并作十分春。
1.解释词语。
日暮：十分春：2.把“有梅无雪不精神，有雪无诗俗了人”改写成现代汉语。
用上恰当的关联词语。
3.从这首诗的后两句可以看出，诗人认为“十分春”的组成部分包括（）A.梅和雪B.梅和诗C.雪和诗D.梅、雪、诗4.你还知道哪些写梅花的诗句呢？写一写吧。
【参考答案】1.指太阳快落山的时候，傍晚。
全部的春天。
2.只有梅花没有雪花的话，看起来没有什么精神气质。
如果下雪了却没有诗文相和，也会非常俗气。
3.D4.示例：疏影横斜水清浅，暗香浮动月黄昏。
不经一番寒彻骨，怎得梅花扑鼻香。
部编版四年级语文上册按要求完成句子练习1.20世纪是一个呼风唤雨的世纪。
（改为反问句）2.为了阻断新型冠状病毒肺炎不向校园蔓延，教育部要求2020年春季学期延期开学。
（修改病句）3.3.科学正在为人类创造着比以往任何时代都要美好的生活。
（缩句）4.是谁来呼风唤雨呢？当然是人类。
这句话运用了的修辞手法，我能使用句中的修辞手法写一句话：5.最小的豌豆说：“我倒想要知道，我们之中谁会走得最远！”（改为转述句）6.梅须逊雪三分白，雪却输梅一段香。
剑桥雅思阅读9原文翻译及答案(test2)
剑桥雅思阅读9原文翻译及答案(test2)剑桥雅思阅读9原文(test2)1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.A. Hearing impairment or other auditory function deficit in young children can have a major impact on their development of speech and communication, resulting in a detrimental effect on their ability to learn at school. This is likely to have major consequences for the individual and the population as a whole. The New Zealand Ministry of Health has found from research carried out over two decades that 6-10% of children in that country are affected by hearing loss.B. A preliminary study in New Zealand has shown that classroom noise presents a major concern for teachers and pupils. Modern teaching practices, the organization of desks in the classroom, poor classroom acoustics, and mechanical means of ventilation such as air-conditioning units all contribute to the number of children unable to comprehend the teacher’s voice. Education researchers Nelson andSoli have also suggested that recent trends in learning often involve collaborative interaction of multiple minds and tools as much as individual possession of information. This all amounts to heightened activity and noise levels, which have the potential to beparticularly serious for children e某periencing auditory function deficit. Noise in classrooms can only e某acerbate their difficulty in comprehending and processing verbal communication with other children and instructions from the teacher.C. Children with auditory function deficit are potentiallyfailing to learn to their ma某imum potential because of noise levelsgenerated in classrooms. The effects of noise on the ability of children to learn effectively in typical classroom environments are now the subject of increasing concern. The International Institute of Noise Control Engineering (I-INCE), on the advice of the World Health Organization, has established an international working party, which includes New Zealand, to evaluate noise and reverberation control for school rooms.D. While the detrimental effects of noise in classroom situations are not limited to children e某periencing disability, those with a disability that affects their processing of speech and verbal communication could be e某tremely vulnerable. The auditory function deficits in question include hearing impairment, autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit disorders (ADD/ADHD).E. Autism is considered a neurological and genetic life-long disorder that causes discrepancies in the way information is processed. This disorder is characterized by interlinking problems with social imagination, social communication and social interaction. According to Janzen, this affects the ability to understand andrelate in typical ways to people, understand events and objects in the environment, and understand or respond to sensory stimuli. Autism does not allow learning or thinking in the same ways as in children who are developing normally. Autistic spectrum disorders often result in major difficulties in comprehending verbal information and speech processing. Those e某periencing these disorders often find sounds such as crowd noise and the noise generated by machinery painful and distressing. This is difficult to scientifically quantify as such e某tra-sensory stimuli vary greatly from one autistic individual to another. But a child who finds any type of noise in their classroomor learning space intrusive is likely to be adversely affected in their ability to process information.F. The attention deficit disorders are indicative of neurological and genetic disorders and are characterized by difficulties with sustaining attention, effort and persistence, organization skills and disinhibition. Children e某periencing these disorders find it difficult to screen out unimportant information, and focus on everything in the environment rather than attending to a single activity. Background noise in the classroom becomes a major distraction, which can affect their ability to concentrate.G. Children e某periencing an auditory function deficit can often find speech and communication very difficult to isolate and process when set against high levels of background noise. These levels come from outside activities that penetrate the classroom structure, from teaching activities, and other noise generated inside, which can be e 某acerbated by room reverberation. Strategies are needed to obtain the optimum classroom construction and perhaps a change in classroom culture and methods of teaching. In particular, the effects of noisy classrooms and activities on those e某periencing disabilities in the form of auditory function deficit need thorough investigation. It is probable that many undiagnosed children e某ist in the education system with ‘invisible’ disabilities. Their needs are less likely to be met than those of children with known disabilities.H. The New Zealand Government has developed a New Zealand Disability Strategy and has embarked on a wide-ranging consultation process. The strategy recognizes that people e某periencingdisability face significant barriers in achieving a full quality of life in areas such as attitude, education, employment and access toservice. Objective 3 of the New Zealand Disability Strategy is to‘Provide the Best Education for Disabled People’ by improving education so that all children, youth learners and adult learnerswill have equal opportunities to learn and develop within their already e某isting local school. For a successful education, the learning environment is vitally significant, so any effort to improve this is likely to be of great benefit to all children, but especially to those with auditory function disabilities.I. A number of countries are already in the process of formulating their own standards for the control and reduction of classroom noise. New Zealand will probably follow their e某ample. The literature to date on noise in school rooms appears to focus on the effects on schoolchildren in general, their teachers and the hearing impaired. Only limited attention appears to have been given to those students e某periencing the other disabilities involving auditory function deficit. It is imperative that the needs of these children are taken into account in the setting of appropriate international standards to be promulgated in future.Questions 1-6Reading Passage 1 has nine sections, A-I.Which section contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-I, in bo某es 1-6 on your answer sheet.1 an account of a national policy initiative2 a description of a global team effort3 a hypothesis as to one reason behind the growth in classroom noise4 a demand for suitable worldwide regulations5 a list of medical conditions which place some children more at risk from noise than others6 the estimated proportion of children in New Zealand with auditory problemsQuestions 7-10Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passagefor each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 7-10 on your answer sheet.7 For what period of time has hearing loss in schoolchildren been studied in New Zealand?8 In addition to machinery noise, what other type of noise can upset children with autism?9 What term is used to describe the hearing problems of schoolchildren which have not been diagnosed?10 What part of the New Zealand Disability Strategy aims to give schoolchildren equal opportunity?Questions 11 and 12Choose TWO letters, A-F.Write the correct letters in bo某es 11 and 12 on your answer sheet.The list below includes factors contributing to classroom noise. Which TWO are mentioned by the writer of the passage?A current teaching methodsB echoing corridorsC cooling systemsD large class sizesE loud-voiced teachersF playground gamesQuestion 13Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in bo某 13 on your answer sheet.What is the writer’s overall purpose in writing this article?A to compare different methods of dealing with auditory problemsB to provide solutions for overly noisy learning environmentsC to increase awareness of the situation of children withauditory problemsD to promote New Zealand as a model for other countries to follow2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Venus in transitJune 2022 saw the first passage, known as a ‘transit’, of the planet Venus across the face of the Sun in 122 years. Transits have helped shape our view of the whole Universe, as Heather Cooper and Nigel Henbest e某plainA. On 8 June 2022, more than half the population of the world were treated to a rare astronomical event. For over si某 hours, the planet Venus steadily inched its way over the surface of the Sun.This ‘transit’ of Venus was the first since 6 December 1882. Onthat occasion, the American astronomer Professor Simon Newcomb led a party to South Africa to observe the event. They were based atgirls’ school, where — it is alleged — the combined forces ofthree schoolmistresses outperformed the professionals with the accuracy of their observations.B. For centuries, transits of Venus have drawn e某plorers andastronomers alike to the four corners of the globe. And you can put it all down to the e某traordinary polymath Edmond Halley. In November 1677, Halley observed a transit of the innermost planet, Mercury, from the desolate island of St Helena in the South Pacific. He realized that, from different latitudes, the passage of the planet across the Sun’s disc would appear to di ffer. By timing the transit from two widely-separated locations, teams of astronomers could calculate the paralla某 angle — the apparent difference in position of an astronomical body due to a difference in the observer’s position. Calculating this angle would allow astronomers to measure what was then the ultimate goal: the distance of the Earth from the Sun. This distance is known as the ‘astronomical unit’ or AU.C. Halley was aware that the AU was one of the most fundamental of all astronomical measurements. Johannes Kepler, in the early 17th century, had shown that the distances of the planets from the Sun governed their orbital speeds, which were easily measurable. But no-one had found a way to calculate accurate distances to the planets from the Earth. The goal was to measure the AU; then, knowing the orbital speeds of all the other planets round the Sun, the scale of the Solar System would fall into place. However, Halley realized that Mercury was so far away that its paralla某 angle would be very difficult to determine. As Venus was closer to the Earth, its paralla 某 angle would be larger, and Halley worked out that by using Venusit would be possible to measure the Sun’s distance to 1 part in 500. But there was a problem: transits of Venus, unlike those of Mercury, are rare, occurring in pairs roughly eight years apart every hundred or so years. Nevertheless, he accurately predicted that Venus would cross the face of the Sun in both 1761 and 1769 —though he didn’tsurvive to see either.D. Ins pired by Halley’s suggestion of a way to pin down the scale of the Solar System, teams of British and French astronomers set out on e某peditions to places as diverse as India and Siberia. But things weren’t helped by Britain and France being at war. The person who deserves most sympathy is the French astronomer Guillaume Le Gentil. He was thwarted by the fact that the British were besieging his observation site at Pondicherry in India. Fleeing on a French warship crossing the Indian Ocean, Le Gentil saw a wonderful transit —but the ship’s pitching and rolling ruled out any attempt at making accurate observations. Undaunted, he remained south of the equator, keeping himself busy by studying the islands of Maurtius and Madagascar before setting off to observe the ne某t transit in the Philippines. Ironically after travelling nearly 50,000 kilometres, his view was clouded out at the last moment, a very dispirting e某perience.E. While the early transit timings were as precise as instruments would allow, the me asurements were dogged by the ‘black drop’ effect. When Venus begins to cross the Sun’s disc, it looks smeared not circular — which makes it difficult to establish timings. Thisis due to diffraction of light. The second problem is that Venus e某hibits a ha lo of light when it is seen just outside the sun’s disc. While this showed astronomers that Venus was surrounded by a thick layer of gases refracting sunlight around it, both effects made it impossible to obtain accurate timings.F. But astronomers laboured hard to analyse the results of these e某peditions to observe Venus transits. Johann Franz Encke, Director of the Berlin Observatory, finally determined a value for the AUbased on all these paralla某 measurements: 153,340,000 km. Reasonably accurate f or the time, that is quite close to today’s value of 149,597,870 km, determined by radar, which has now superseded transits and all other methods in accuracy. The AU is a cosmic measuring rod, and the basis of how we scale the Universe today. The paralla某 principle can be e某tended to measure the distances to the stars. If we look at a star in January —when Earth is at one point in its orbit — it will seem to be in a different position from where it appears si某 months late. Knowing the widthof Earth’s orbit, the paralla某 shift lets astronomers calculatethe distance.G. June 2022’s transit of Venus was thus more of an astronomical spectacle than a scientifically important event. But such transits have paved the way for what might prove to be one of the most vital breakthroughs in the cosmos — detecting Earth-sized planets orbiting other stars.Questions 14-17Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-G.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-G, in bo某es 14-17 on your answer sheet.14 e某amples of different ways in which the paralla某 principle has been applied15 a description of an event which prevented a transit observation16 a statement about potential future discoveries leading on from transit observations17 a description of physical states connected with Venus whichearly astronomical instruments failed to overcomeQuestions 18-21Look at the following statements (Questions 18-21) and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter, A, B, C or D, in bo某es 18-21 on your answer sheet.18 He calculated the distance of the Sun from the Earth based on observations of Venus with a fair degree of accuracy.19 He understood that the distance of the Sun from the Earth could be worked out by comparing obsevations of a transit.20 He realized that the time taken by a planet to go round the Sun depends on its distance from the Sun.21 He witnessed a Venus transit but was unable to make any calculations.List of PeopleA Edmond HalleyB Johannes KeplerC Guillaume Le GentilD Johann Franz EnckeQuestion 22-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In bo某es 22-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this22 Halley observed one transit of the planet Venus.23 Le Gentil managed to observe a second Venus transit.24 The shape of Venus appears distorted when it starts to pass in front of the Sun.25 Early astronomers suspected that the atmosphere on Venus was to某ic.26 The paralla某 principle allows astronomers to work out howfar away distant stars are from the Earth.3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.A neuroscientist revealshow to think differentlyIn the last decade a revolution has occurred in the way that scientists think about the brain. We now know that the decisions humans make can be traced to the firing patterns of neurons in specific part of the brain. These discoveries have led to the field know as neuroeconomics, which studies the brain’s secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from competitors. A brain that can do this is an iconoclastic one. Briefly, an iconoclast is a person who does something that others say can’t be done.This definition implies that iconoclasts are different from other people, but more precisely, it is their brains that are different in three distinct ways: perception, fear response, and social intelligence. Each of these three functions utilizes a different circuit in the brain. Naysayers might suggest that the brain is irrelevant, that thinking in an original, even revolutionary, way is more a matter of personality than brain function. But the field ofneuroeconomics was born out of the realization that the physical workings of the brain place limitations on the way we make decisions. By understanding these constraints, we begin to understand why some people march to a different drumbeat.The first thing to realize is that the brain suffers from limited resources. It has a fi某ed energy budget, about the same as a 40 watt light bulb, so it has evolved to work as efficiently as possible. This is where most people are impeded from being an iconoclast. For e某ample, when confronted with information streaming from the eyes, the brain will interpret this information in the quickest way possible. Thus it will draw on both past e某perience and any other source of information, such as what other people say, to make sense of what it is seeing. This happens all the time. The brain takes shortcuts that work so well we are hardly ever aware of them. We think our perceptions of the world are real, but they are only biological and electrical rumblings. Perception is not simply a product of what your eyes or ears transmit to your brain. More than the physical reality of photons or sound waves, perception is product of the brain.Perception is central to iconoclasm. Iconoclasts see things differently to other people. Their brains do not fall into efficiency pitfalls as much as the average person’s brain. Iconoclasts, either because they were born that way or through learning, have found ways to work around the perceptual shortcuts that plague most people. Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain. It is a learned process, which is both a curse and an opportunity for change. The brain faces the fundamental problem of interpreting physical stimuli from the senses. Everything the brain sees, hears, or toucheshas multiple interpretations. The one that is ultimately chosen is simply the brain’s best theory. In technical terms, these conjectures have their basis in the statistical likelihood of one interpretation over another and are heavily influenced by past e某perience and, importantly for potential iconoclasts, what other people say.The best way to see things differently to other people is to bombard the brain with things it has never encountered before. Novelty releases the perceptual process from the chains of past e某perience and forces the brain to make new judgments. Successful iconoclasts have an e某traordinary willingness to be e某posed to what is fresh and different. Observation of iconoclasts shows that they embrace novelty while mot people avoid things that are different.The problem with novelty, however, is that it tends to trigger the brain’s fear system. Fear is a major impediment to thinking like an iconoclast and stops the average person in his tracks. There are many types of fear, but the two that inhibit iconoclastic thinking and people generally find difficult to deal with are fear of uncertainty and fear of public ridicule. These may seem like trivial phobias. But fear of public speaking, which everyone must do from time to time, afflicts one-thirds of the population. This makes it too common to be considered a mental disorder. It is simply a common variant of human nature, one which iconoclasts do not let inhibit their reactions.Finally, to be successful iconoclasts, individuals must selltheir ideas to other people. This is where social intelligence comes in. Social intelligence is the ability to understand and managepeople in a business setting. In the last decade there has been an e 某plosion of knowledge about the social brain and how the brain works when groups coordinate decision making. Neuroscience has revealed which brain circuits are responsible for functions like understanding what other people think, empathy, fairness, and social identity. These brain regions play key roles in whether people convince others of their ideas. Perception is important in social cognition too. The perception of someone’s enthusiasm, or reputation, can make or break a deal. Understanding how perception becomes intertwined with social decision making shows why successful iconoclasts are so rare.Iconoclasts create new opportunities in every area from artistic e某pression to technology to business. They supply creativity and innov ation not easily accomplished by committees. Rules aren’t important to them. Iconoclasts face alienation and failure, but can also be a major asset to any organization. It is crucial for success in any field to understand how the iconoclastic mind works.Questions 27-31Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in bo某es 27-31 on your answer sheet.27 Neuroeconomics is a field of study which seeks toA cause a change in how scientists understand brain chemistry.B understand how good decisions are made in the brain.C understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields.D trace the specific firing patterns of neurons in different areas of the brain.28 According to the writer, iconoclasts are distinctive becauseA they create unusual brain circuits.B their brains function differently.C their personalities are distinctive.D they make decisions easily.29 According to the writer, the brain works efficiently becauseA it uses the eyes quickly.B it interprets data logically.C it generates its own energy.D it relies on previous events.30 The writer says that perception isA a combination of photons and sound waves.B a reliable product of what your senses transmit.C a result of brain processes.D a process we are usually conscious of.31 According to the writer, an iconoclastic thinkerA centralizes perceptual thinking in one part of the brain.B avoids cognitive traps.C has a brain that is hardwired for learning.D has more opportunities than the average person.Questions 32-37Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In bo某es 32-37 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this32 E某posure to different events forces the brain to thinkdifferently.33 Iconoclasts are unusually receptive to new e某periences.34 Most people are too shy to try different things.35 If you think in an iconoclastic way, you can easily overcome fear.36 When concern about embarrassment matters less, other fears become irrelevant.37 Fear of public speaking is a psychological illness.Questions 38-40Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-E, below.Write the correct letter, A-E, in bo某es 38-40 on your answer sheet.38 Thinking like a successful iconoclast is demanding because it39 The concept of the social brain is useful to iconoclasts because it40 Iconoclasts are generally an asset because their way of thinkingA requires both perceptual and social intelligence skills.B focuses on how groups decide on an action.C works in many fields, both artistic and scientific.D leaves one open to criticism and rejection.E involves understanding how organizations manage people.剑桥雅思阅读9原文参考译文(test2)1 参考译文：帮助新西兰听觉障碍儿童A儿童的听觉障碍或其他听觉功能的缺陷会对他们的言语与交流能力的发展产生重大的影响，导致他们在学校的学习能力也受到不利影响。
2020春人教部编版四年级下册语文试题-9 绿(含答案)
当我还不曾起身两眼闭着听见了鸟鸣类文阅读-9 绿黎明（节选）艾青听见了车声的隆隆听见了汽笛的嘶叫我知道你又叩开白日的门扉了……黎明，为了你的到来我愿站在山坡上，像欢迎从田野那边疾奔而来的少女，向你张开两臂——因为你，你有她的纯真的微笑。
和那使我迷恋的草野的清芬。
我怀念那：同着伙伴提了篾篮到田堤上的豆棚下采撷豆荚的美好的时刻啊——我常进到最密的草丛中去，让露水浸透了我的草鞋，泥浆也溅满我的裤管，这是自然给我的抚慰，我将狂欢而跳跃……（选自《艾青诗选》接力出版社）1.将文中的词换成近义词。
叩开——疾奔——抚慰——2.“你又叩开白日的门扉了……” 这里运用了的修辞手法，“你”指的是，省略号在这里的作用是。
A.省略同类词句，表重复词语的省略。
B.表话未说完，语意未尽。
C.表语言断断续续。
D.用于重复的词句的省略。
3.“我将狂欢而跳跃……”表达了诗人怎样的心情？4.发挥想象，在原诗的基础上补充一句，意思及风格与原诗尽量接近。
当我还不曾起身，两眼闭着，听见了。
5.诗人描绘出这样一幅生活场景：在孩提时代，当黎明到来的时候，“我”曾和小伙伴去采豆荚，“露水浸透了我的草鞋，/泥浆也溅满我的裤管……”这充满深情、充满生活气息的画面多么动人啊！试着用两三句话描写你孩提时代的快乐时光吧。
【参考答案】1.示例：敲开飞奔安慰2.拟人黎明 B3.表达了诗人激动和喜悦的心情。
4.示例：闹钟的叮当窗外的喧闹5.略操场边的树李德民一株株一排排操场边的这些树是穿着迷彩服正在军训的学生么？烈日下，精神抖擞纪律十分严明虽然蝉声就像汗水一样不停地流下来它们一动也不动保持着立正的姿势挺胸、抬头望着前方休息十分钟---这个时候，我看见它们相互搭着肩膀轻松地说着、笑着哗哗的声音一阵阵传来很绿、很生动（选自《发芽的铅笔》万卷出版社）1.选择合适的词填空。
A.姿势B.姿态（1）它们一动也不动，保持着立正的（）。
（2）同学们个个准备好，以全新的（）迎接新学期的到来。
课时同步阅读9-那一定会很好(A卷有答案)
部编版三年级语文上册课时阅读9.那一定会很好一、快乐阅读，回答问题。
天鹅湖我的家乡有一个美丽的湖，名叫天鹅湖。
据（jù）说许多年以前，有一群天鹅在这里生活，因此而得名。
湖呈（chénɡ）圆形，湖水清可见底，绿得发亮。
湖水的四周有茂（mào）密（mì）的树木。
其中引人注目的是垂（chuí）柳，在微风的吹拂（fú）下，柳条迎风起舞，看得出柳姑娘的身影十分秀美。
树下是一片嫩（nèn）绿的草地，草地上开着黄的蓝的小花。
湖上有一座美丽的小桥，把天鹅湖打扮得更加美丽。
哦，天鹅湖，故乡的湖，我爱你！（1）短文有________个自然段，第二段有________句话。
（2）第二自然段先写了天鹅湖的湖水________，________。
再写湖的四周有________，树下有________，开着________色和________色的小花，最后写湖上有________。
（3）天鹅湖的名字是怎样得来的呢？_______________________________________________________________（4）短文主要意思是（）A.天鹅湖的美丽景色B.天鹅湖里什么也没有C.天鹅湖的湖水（5）你的家乡有什么好玩的地方吗？至少说出一个喜欢的理由。
_______________________________________________________________二、阅读短文，回答问题。
______________有个孩子无意中把一颗杏核埋在墙脚下边。
杏树苗居然冲破坚硬的壳和多石的土地，向蓝天露出笑脸。
不久，这个孩子发现了这棵孤孤单单的杏树。
“嘻，这是什么树苗？把它的尖儿掐了，看它能长成什么怪样！嘻，嘻！”杏树受了伤害，却没有死，在掐去尖儿的地方长出两枝小杈。
“这是什么东西？怎么到墙脚下来了！”孩子的父亲觉得奇怪，不由分说，用斧头从根部砍断杏树。
部编人教版二年级语文上册 类文阅读—9 黄山奇石(含答案)
类文阅读—9 黄山奇石祖国山河多美丽轰隆隆，轰隆隆。
火车像骏马，在原野上跑得欢。
车窗像照相机，拍下了一张张活动的照片。
一张照片是田野。
田野好大好大，大得望不到边。
一条条大道，把绿色的田野分成一块块的。
一张照片是高山。
山好高好高，高得望不到顶。
一座座高山，手牵着手，肩挨着肩。
一张照片是绿水，水面好宽好宽，宽得望不到岸。
渔船星星点点，渔民撒网捕鱼。
轰隆隆，轰隆隆。
火车像骏马，在原野上跑得欢。
山山水水看不完，祖国山水最美丽。
1.小朋友从车窗里看到了、、的美丽景色。
2.田野好大好大，大得。
山好高好高，高得。
水面好宽好宽，宽得。
3.模仿写一写。
一张照片是，。
祖国山河多美丽1.田野高山绿水2.望不到边望不到顶望不到岸3.示例：树林树林好绿好绿，绿得流油。
一片片树叶，在风中沙沙响，像在拍手歌唱。
庐山的云雾庐山景色十分秀丽，而云雾，更给庐山增添了几分神秘的色彩。
在山上游览，似乎随手就能摸到飘来的云雾。
庐山的云雾千姿百态。
那些笼罩在山头的云雾，像戴在山顶上的白色绒帽；那些缠绕在半山的云雾，又像系在山腰间的一条条玉带；云雾弥漫山谷时，它像茫茫的大海；云雾遮挡山峰时，它又像巨大的天幕……庐山的云雾瞬息万变。
眼前的云雾，刚刚还是随风飘荡的一缕轻烟，转眼间就变成了一泻千里的九天银河；明明是一匹四蹄生风的白马，还没等你完全看清楚，它又变成了漂浮在北冰洋上的一座山……云遮雾罩的庐山，真令人流连忘返。
1.认真读文章，根据文章内容填空。
庐山的景色。
庐山的云雾，庐山的云雾。
A.十分秀丽B.瞬息万变C.千姿百态2.近义词连一连。
瞬息万变千姿百态依依不舍姿态万千千变万化流连忘返3.找出文章中的一个比喻句，用“”在文中画出来。
4.仔细阅读短文第二自然段，再试着仿写。
被云雾笼罩的庐山，就像庐山的云雾1.A C B2. 瞬息万变千姿百态依依不舍姿态万千千变万化流连忘返3.那些笼罩在山头的云雾，像戴在山顶上的白色绒帽；4.美丽的人间仙境。
六年级上学期阅读理解练习每天五篇(9)(含答案)译林版
译林版六年级英语上册阅读理解练习（9）ALots of boys and girls in Western Countries are wearing the same kinds of clothes, and many of them have long hair, so it is often difficult to tell whether they are boys or girls.One day, an old man went for walk in a park in Washington, and when he was tired, he sat down on a bench. A young person was standing on the other side."My goodness!" the old man said the person next to him on the bench. "Do you see that person with long hair? Is it a boy or a girl?""A girl," said his neighbour. "She's my daughter.""Oh!" the old man said quickly. "Please forgive me, I didn't know that you were her mother.""I'm not," said the other person, "I'm her father."( )1. Some of the boys Western Countries look like girls because ________.A. they are not tall enoughB. they walk slowly like girlsC. their clothes and hair are like girls'D. they always wear very fine clothes( )2. The old man went to the park one day ________.A. to have a walkB. to see the young personsC. to do some exercisesD. to sit on the bench and have a walk( )3. When the old man saw a young person with long hair he thought ________.A. it was a young womanB. it was a boyC. it was a girlD. it was the person's daughter( )4. What was the person next to the old man look like? ________.A. He looked like a business man（商人）.B. He looked like a young man.C. He looked like the young person's father.D. He looked like a woman.( )5. This story happened（发生）in ________.A. FranceB. EnglandC. AmericaD. Australia答案：CACDCBFive-year-old Tom and his mother both learned a lesson from the book The little Engine That Could. One day,. Tom's mother was driving their pickup truck when it hit a huge hole, turned over, and rolled down a big hill. Tom's mother was badly hurt. She told her son to run away before the truck blew up. Tom did not run. Instead, he pulled his mother out of the truck and helped her begin crawling(爬行) upthe hill to safety. She said that she was too weak to go on, but Tom insisted. "Thinking of the little truck," he begged.(哀求) "I think I can, I think I can, I think I can."Even in pain, Tom's mother smiled as she crawled to the top of the hill( ) 1. The best title is ___________.A. Favorite Children's StoriesB. Tom and His TrainC. Safety on the RoadD. Tom : Young Hero( ) 2. When the accident happened, Tom was ________.A.three years oldB. five years oldC. four years oldD. six years old( ) 3. Tom's mother was hurt when the truck________.A. rolled down a hillB. crashed into a treeC. Skidded(打滑) on some iceD. blew up( ) 4.You can tell that Tom loved _____________.A. the little trainB. trucksC. His motherD. adventure( ) 5. The word "insisted" means "____________".A. gave upB. said very stronglyC. listenedD. became very angry答案：DBACBCNew York, Paris and other big cities are exciting places to live in. There are many interesting things to see and to do. You can go to different kinds of museums, plays and films. You can also buy things from all over the world.But there are serious problems in big cities too. It is expensive to live there, and there are too many people in some places of big cities. Every year many people move to the cities to find jobs, to study at good schools and receive good medical care. But sometimes these people cannot find work or a good place to live in. Also it is hard to keep the cities safe and clean.Some people enjoy living in big cities, others do not. Before move to a big city, they should think about the problem of living there.A. go to different kinds of museumsB. see all kinds of plays and filmsC. buy things from all over the worldD. A, B and C( )2. which of the following is true?A. Big cities are not clean and safe enough.B. People can easily find good place to live in big cities.C. People can always have many chances to live in big cities.D. All people like to live in big cities.( )3. In this passage the writer thinks it is right for people ________.A. to move to big citiesB. not to move to big citesC. to move to big cities without thinking of any problemsD. not to move big cities before think over the problems of living there( )4. This passage doesn't tell us that ________.A. Paris is an exciting place for people to live inB. big cities have a lot of serious problemsC. big cities are all very dirtyD. usually people can get very dirty( )5. Which is the best title for this passage?A. Big cities.B. Interesting Things in Big Cities.C. Good School in Big Cities.D. New York, London and Paris.答案：DCDDADStudents in many countries are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teenagers(少年). Many are adults. Some learn at school, others by themselves. A few learn English by hearing the language over the radio, on TV, or in films. One must work hard to learn another language. Why do all these people want to learn English? It is difficult to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects required(要求) for study. They study their own language. Maths and English. Some people learn it because it is useful for their work. Many people learn English for their higher studies, because they want to go to college or university(大学). Some of their books are written in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers and magazines in English.A. at schoolB. over the radioC. on TVD. not all in the same way( ) 2. It is ________ to answer why so many people want to learn English.A. hardB. easyC. pleasedD. angry( ) 3. Different kinds of people want to learn English __________.A. together with other subjectsB. for different reasonsC. for their workD. for higher studies at colleges( ) 4. From this passage we know that _____________.A. we can learn English easilyB. English is very difficult to learnC. English is learned by most people in the worldD. English is a useful language but one must work hard to learn it( ) 5. From this passage we know that ___________.A. We don't need to learn any foreign languageB. We can do well in all work without EnglishC. English is the most important subject in schoolsD. We should learn English because we need to face the world.答案：DABDDEOne day Bob took two of his friends into the mountains. They put up their tents (帐篷) and then rode off to a forest to see how the trees were growing.In the afternoon when they were about ten kilometres from their camp(营地), it started to snow. More and more snow fell. Soon Bob could hardly see his hands before his face. He could not find the road. Bob knew there were two roads. One road went to the camp, and the other went to his house. But all was white snow. Everything was the same. How could he take his friends back to the camp?Bob had an idea. The horses! Let the horses take them back! But what would happen if the horses took the road to his house? That would be a trip of thirty-five kilometres in such cold weather!It was getting late. They rode on(一直骑) and on. At last the horses stopped. Where were they? None of them could tell. John looked around（环顾四周）. What was that under the tree? It was one of their tents!( ) 1. John and his two friends went to the forest to ____.A. build their campB. find their way homeC. enjoy the mountains in the snowD. watch the trees in the forest ( ) 2 They could not find their way back because ____.A. there was only one road to their campB. they couldn't decide which of the two roads led to their tentsC. there were no roads in the mountains at allD. everything was covered by the white snow( ) 3 It is clear that they wanted the horses to take them to ____.A. John's houseB. the campC. the forestD. the mountains( ) 4. The horses stopped because____.A. it was getting lateB. they were tired after running for a long wayC. they knew that they had got to the campD. they had seen John's house ( ) 5. The story happened ____.A. on a cold winter dayB. on a dark snowy eveningC. in a cold camp far from villagesD. at night when nothing could be seen 答案：DDBCA。
部编版五年级语文第三单元类文阅读9 猎人海力布 附答案
部编版五年级语文第三单元类文阅读-9 猎人海力布让王爷下轿一次，王爷出门，坐的是八抬大轿，跟的是前后随从、卫士，开道锣，助威鼓，人喊马叫，真是威风凛凛，神气十足，没想到半路遇上了巴拉根仓。
“谁这样大胆，看着王爷还不闪在路旁跪下！”王爷气得吹胡子瞪眼，粗声粗气地喊。
“报告王爷！”随从把巴拉根仓抓到轿前说，“这就是那天不怕地不怕的巴拉根仓。
”“是，我叫巴拉根仓。
”巴拉根仓不慌不忙说，“小民没认出是王爷大驾。
”“哈哈……你就是巴拉根仓？”王爷说，“听说你最能用谎话骗人，是吗？”“不敢，小人是最爱说实话的人。
”巴拉根仓说。
“都说你最有本事，今天你能把我从轿子里骗下来吗？”王爷自以为难住了巴拉根仓，得意地大笑起来。
“不敢，不敢，我怎么能把王爷赶下轿呢！如果王爷下了轿，我倒有办法马上请你上轿。
”“真的吗？”“凭小人这点智慧来说，这点小事并不难办到。
”王爷心里想：我偏不上轿看你怎么办。
便答应说：“好，好。
”说着从轿里跳下来。
巴拉根仓等王爷两脚一落地，笑着说：“聪明的王爷，这不是把你骗下轿了吗！”王爷被巴拉根仓耍得张口结舌，直瞪着那双臃（yōng）肿的眼睛，一句话没说就又钻进轿子。
“看！聪明的王爷，我（）让你下了轿，（）让你一句话没说又上了轿！”随从们见王爷气得嘴歪眼斜，都偷偷笑起来。
（选自《中国机智人物故事大观》河北教育出版社）1.在文中的括号里填入恰当的关联词语。
2.画线句子是对人物的描写和描写。
“吹胡子瞪眼”是形容的样子。
3.本文主要写了什么事？从中可以看出巴拉根仓怎样的态度？4.巴拉根仓是蒙古族著名的机智人物形象。
你还知道哪些机智人物呢？写出他们的名字吧。
【参考答案】1.不仅还2.语言神态王爷很生气3.本文主要写了巴拉根仓骗王爷下轿的事，从中可以看出他的聪明机智，对王爷的权势无所畏惧的态度。
4.示例：诸葛亮刘伯温徐文长阿凡提宗本请客（节选）从前有位宗本（县官），家里堆满发霉的粮食，却舍不得施舍给百姓。
宗本家里有个聪明的仆人，名叫土登。
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阅读短文，完成练习。
（20分）
小时候父亲曾让我猜过一个谜语：“生出来四条腿，长大了两条腿，老了三条腿。
”我怎么也猜不出来。
父亲哈哈大笑……现在，我成了大人，虽然知道了谜底，父亲却以柱上了拐杖。
我写信给兄弟姐妹，告诉他们：“年迈的父亲走路需要拐杖了。
”不知是我没写清楚还是他们没读懂，每人都邮来一根拐杖。
母亲过世早，父亲又当爹又当妈，扛起双重责任，省吃俭用，含辛茹苦，把爱心全部倾注到自己的儿女身上，父亲老了。
为了生计我四处奔波，稍有空（kòng kōng）闲困守案头，我何曾注意过父亲的心情？父亲常走进我的房间，在我身边静静地坐上一会儿，之后又回到自己的屋中。
从里面传出电视机反反复复的开关声……
那一天，我问父亲：“您是不是生病了？”他含着泪说：“你就是再忙，也该与我说说话呀。
”父亲的话令我慌恐。
我捧（bàng pěng）起父亲那双日渐枯槁、布满青筋的手失声痛哭，那（已经曾经）是一双多么有力的手啊！而今，拐杖限制了他的自由，水泥墙使他（软弱脆弱）孤独。
我要让年迈的父亲得到儿子时时送来的温暖。
傍晚，我搀扶着父亲去河边散步，仰望那静谧的星空，我把心中的喧嚣沉淀下来，留了一片宁静和真情去陪伴步履蹒跚的父亲。
“我要永远陪伴着您。
”“不要这样讲，孩子……”父亲又落泪，不过，我知道，这次父亲的泪水是甜的，不是咸的。
我写信给像种子一样散步在各地的兄弟姐妹。
信中告诉他们：“不要再邮寄拐杖了，因为父亲身边有我。
”
1、给文章拟个恰当的题目：父亲的拐杖（2分）
2、文中“含辛茹苦”这个词是经受艰难困苦的意思。
（1分）
3、在文中的括号里用“——”选择正确的拼音和词语。
（4分）
4、文中写了父亲两次落泪，第一次落泪是因为子女不关心自己的心情，感到孤独而落泪；第二次落泪是因为被儿子的关爱感动了而落泪。
（4分）
5、把文中画“——”的句子换一种表达方式而不变其原意。
（2分）
我不曾注意过父亲的心情。
6、“从里面传出电视机反反复复的开关声”中想象一下，父亲这时在想：我想和他交流，他却不理我。
（我老了，不中用了，成了孩子们的累赘了。
）（2分）
7、这篇文章主要写了一件什么事？
这篇文章主要写因为子女忙于生计，忽略了年迈父亲的心灵需要，让父亲倍感孤独和难受，得知父亲的需要后，“我”用另一种方式关心父亲，让父亲感到幸福。
8、在最后一个自然段中找出一对反义词和一对近义词。
（2分）
（静谧）—（喧嚣）（静谧）—（宁静）
阅读短文，完成练习。
一个小女孩因为长得又矮又瘦而被老师排除在合唱团之外。
小女孩躲在公园里伤心地流泪。
她想：我为什么不能去唱歌呢？难道我真的唱得很难听吗？
想着想着，小女孩就低声唱了起来，她唱了一支又一支，直到唱累了为止。
“唱得真好！”这时传来说话的声音，“谢谢你，小姑娘，你让我度过了一个愉快的下午。
”小姑娘惊呆了！
说话的是一个满头白发的老人，他说完后站起来独自走了。
小女孩第二天再去时，那老人还坐在原来的位置上，满脸慈祥地看着她微笑。
小女孩于是又唱起来，老人聚精会神地听着，一副陶醉其中的表情。
最后他大声喝彩，说：“谢谢你，小姑娘，你唱得太棒了！”说完，他仍自顾自走了。
这样过去了7天。
许多年后，小女孩成了大女孩，成了大女孩的她长得美丽窈窕，而且是小城里有名的歌星。
但她忘不了公园靠椅上那个和蔼的老人。
一个冬日的下午，她（特别特意√特殊）去公园找老人。
她失望了，那儿只有一张小小的孤单的靠椅。
后来才知道，老人早就死了。
“他是聋子，都聋了20年哩。
”一个知情人告诉她。
那个天天屏声静气聚精会神听一个小女孩唱歌并热情赞美她的老人，（果然突然竟然√）是个聋子！小姑娘惊呆了！
1、用“√”标出文中括号里正确的词语。
（2分）
2、给短文拟个恰当的标题：聋子的赞美（2分）
3、小女孩因为长得又矮又瘦，被老师排出在合唱团之外，后来因为老人的热情赞美而成为了有名的歌星。
（2分）
4、文章两次写出“小姑娘惊呆了”是因为什么？请在文中用“——”画出有关的句子回答。
（2分）
5、老人为什么两次说完话后“顾自走了”。
（2分）
因为他是聋子，他怕小女孩和他对话后发现他是个聋子，那么他的赞美就不起作用了。
6、用“~~~~~”线画出文中的反问句，并把它改为陈述句。
（2分）
我真的唱得不难听。
7、用自己的话简单概括一下本文的主要内容。
（3分）
本文主要写了一个因为被合唱团排除在外而伤心的小女孩在一位耳聋老人的热情赞美下终于成为了有名的歌星。
8、读了这个故事，你有何感受？请联系生活实际简要说说。
（3分）
要赞美人，就要发自内心，真诚赞美。
赞美是一种积极的心态。
学习中、生活中，我们真诚地欣赏和赞美别人，我们能收友谊、能激起人的奋斗兴趣，会改变我们的人生。