上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟51_真题-无答案

上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟51
(总分300,考试时间90分钟)
SECTION 1 LISTENING TEST
Part A Spot Dictation
Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.
Self-esteem is **bination of 1 —the conviction that you 2 cope with life"s challenges and are worthy of happiness. Self-esteem is the way you talk to yourself about yourself. Self-esteem has two interrelated aspects; it entails a sense of 3 and a sense of personal worth. It is the 4 self-confidence and self-respect. It is the conviction that one is competent to live and 5
Our self-esteem and self-image are developed by 6 All of us have conscious and unconscious memories of all the times 7 —they are part of the 8 of childhood. This is where the critical voice gets started. Everyone has a 9 . People with low self-esteem simply have a more vicious and demeaning inner voice.
Psychologists say that almost every aspect of our lives—our personal happiness, success, relationships with others, 10 are dependent on 11 . The more we have, the better we deal with things.
12 is important because when people experience it, they feel good and look good, they are
13 , and they respond to other people and themselves in healthy, positive, growing ways. People who have positive self-esteem know that they are 14 , and they care about themselves and other people. They do not have to 15 by tearing other people down or 16 competent people.
Our background largely determines what we will become in personality and more importantly in self-esteem. Where do 17 come from? **e from our families, since more than 80% of our waking hours up to the age of eighteen are spent 18 . We are who we are because of where we"ve been. We build Our own brands of self-esteem 19 : fate, the positive things life offers, the negative things life offers and our own decisions about 20 , the positives and the negatives. 【点此下载音频文件】
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Part B Listening Comprehension
Directions:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONL Y ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.
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1.
A. They have been accustomed to being obedient to their parents and teachers.
B. They naturally do not need instant gratification before starting to do anything.
C. They know they must sit down and work hard before making any progress.
D. They are repeatedly told by their parents, friends and neighbors to do so.
2.
A. The students can solve a given problem but cannot find the problem themselves.
B. They have been disciplined to be willing to work and make good grades.
C. They are generally too timid and too lacking in imagination to ask questions.
D. They are not bold and creative enough to break the widely accepted rules.
3.
A. In making children see things immediately and to the point.
B. In training children to follow automatically the rules already given.
C. In getting children to learn things that require their steady efforts.
D. In keeping children quiet, determined and not making jumps.
4.
A. Because the latter are not restrained from making imaginative leaps in their study.
B. Because American culture is too young for people to realize the significance of learning.
C. Because the latter have the individual spirit which soars beyond the accepted boundary.
D. Because most American people have shown an increasingly great respect for learning.
5.
A. Solely to explain why American kids today are impatient to learn.
B. To illustrate in some way that this idea is not correct for education.
C. To stress the basic difference between American and Chinese culture.
D. To analyze the problems existing in American culture and education.
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.
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6.
A. 95.
B. 195.
C. 226.
D. 251.
7.
A. The military rule in the country.
B. The government"s decision to privatize the banking sector.
C. The shortage of food at the detention centre.
D. The detention without trial.
8.
A. When the plane was trying to take off.
B. When the plane was landing.
C. When the plane was flying across the Cuban-Ecuadorean border.
D. When the plane was caught in a storm.
9.
A. **merce will replace traditional ways of doing business in 20 years" time.
B. **merce would only supplement traditional ways of doing businesses.
C. **merce is not suitable for their businesses.
D. **merce has to be improved to handle day-to-day transactions.
10.
A. Violence is becoming worse over the past week.
B. Police used rubber bullets against the looters.
C. Looting of ethnic Chinese houses is continuing.
D. Troops shot and killed hundreds of rioters.
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.
【点此下载音频文件】
11.
A. Steel production in the third world.
B. Economics about the developed countries.
C. Grain trade in northern Europe.
D. Cereal production in tropical areas.
12.
A. To experience a flood disaster at first hand.
B. To study grain trade.
C. To make a lecture tour.
D. To attend an international conference on grain production.
13.
A. She took ferries.
B. She had to hire a boat from the locals.
C. She walked without any shoes.
D. She managed to drive a van.
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A. Snake bites.
B. Big black ants.
C. Worms fleeing from the floods.
D. A fatal epidemic disease.
15.
A. The government organized relief in conjunction with international charities.
B. The government brought down grain prices by selling its stock on the open market.
C. The merchants managed to keep their stock of grain safe from the flood water.
D. The merchants pushed up grain prices twice as much in some areas.
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.
【点此下载音频文件】
16.
A. A metropolitan city.
B. Seaside beaches.
C. A mountainous area.
D. Beautiful lakes.
17.
A. Because the English people **paratively cheap accommodation there.
B. Because a boarding-house can offer bed and breakfast.
C. Because the English people would like to experience the different events from the usual hotels or restaurants.
D. Because there are whole streets of boarding-houses in most beauty spots.
18.
A. Central building halls.
B. Dancing halls.
C. Holiday camps.
D. Swimming pools.
19.
A. In the past decade, more and more local people are encouraged to buy the surplus of cottages.
B. Thanks to the development of modern transportation, the town people are willing to buy the unwanted cottages.
C. The price of these cottages has risen so much that nobody can afford to buy them.
D. Cottage owners often let the houses in winter but sometimes spend the weekend there.
20.
A. The British may be said to be conservative, but they are always pioneers in travelling far away.
B. Many English men, women and children would like to choose the travelling destinations in the
continental Europe now.
C. Some English people prefer group travels and hotel booking arranged by travel agency when having an outing.
D. The British people devote themselves to sight-seeing when they are away and purchases are of little importance to them.
SECTION 2 READING TEST
Directions:In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1～5
We had been wanting to expand our children"s horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we"d been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.
We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11-and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.
What we didn"t foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children "in danger," referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.
Friendly warnings didn"t change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U. S. State Department"s list of trouble spots. We didn"t see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city.
Vaccinations weren"t needed for the city, but we were concerned about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy.
Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul"s major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners.
From a teenager and pre-teen"s view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost. For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of
something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.
Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children"s curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women.
Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults" desire to try something new amid children"s insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.
Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that **e up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, the Ottoman Sultans" palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook, which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance. On his trip, we wandered through the **plex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily left to a learned third party.
1. The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly because ______.
A. the city is not too far away from where they lived
B. the city is not on the list of the U. S. State Department
C. the city is between the familiar and the exotic
D. the city is more familiar than exotic
2. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.
B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.
C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.
D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.
3. We learn from the couple"s shopping experience back home that ______.
A. they were used to bargaining over price
B. they preferred to buy things outdoors
C. street markets were their favorite
D. they preferred fashion and brand names
4. The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in Istanbul ______.
A. guidebooks are very useful
B. a professional guide is a must
C. one has to be prepared for questions
D. one has to make arrangements in advance
5. The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPT ______.
A. religious prayers
B. historical buildings
C. local-style markets
D. shopping mall boutiques
Questions 6～10
Despite Denmark"s manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self-indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes. No Dane would look you in the eye and say "Denmark is a great country". You are supposed to figure this out for yourself. It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life"s inequalities, and there is plenty of money for schools, day care, retraining programs, job seminars—Danes love seminar, three days at a study center hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and despite all the English that Danish absorbs—there is no Danish Academy to defend against it—old dialects persist in Jutland that can barely be understood by Copenhageners. It is the land where, as the saying goes, "Few have too much and fewer have too little", and a foreigner is struck by the sweet egalitarianism that prevails, where the lowliest clerk gives you a level gaze, where Sir and Madame have disappeared **mon usage, even Mr. and Mrs. It"s a nation of recyclers—bout 55% of Danish garbage gets made into something new—and no nuclear power plants. It"s a nation of tireless planners. Trains run on time. Things operate well in general. Such a nation of overachievers—a brochure from the Ministry of Business and Industry says, "Denmark is one of the world"s cleanest and most organized countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruption-free society in the Northern Hemisphere." So, of course, one"s heart lifts at any sighting of Danish sleaze, skinhead graffiti on buildings ("Foreigners out of Denmark!"), broken beer bottles in the gutters, drunken teenagers slumped in the park. Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. You drive through a Danish town, it comes to an end at a stone wall, and on the other side is a field of barley, a nice clean line. town here, country there. It is not a nation of jaywalkers. People stand on the curb and wait for the red light to change, even if it"s 2 a.m. and there"s not a car in sight. However, Danes don"t think of themselves as a waiting-at-2-a, m. -for-the-green-light people-that is how they see Swedes and Germans. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is (though one should not say it) that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main selling point. Denmark has few natural resources, limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people will get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Airports, seaport, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained. The orderliness of the society doesn"t mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mine, and no Dane would tell you so. You can hear plenty about bitter family feuds and the sorrows of alcoholism and about perfectly sensible people who went off one day and killed themselves. An orderly society can not exempt its members from the hazards of life. But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain things are yours by virtue of citizenship, and you shouldn"t feel bad for taking what you have entitled to, you are as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to get a new one; and the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to weather high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.
6. The author thinks Danes adopt a ______ attitude towards their country.
A. boastful
B. modest
C. deprecating
D. mysterious
7. Which of the following is NOT a Danish characteristic cited in the passage?
A. Fondness of foreign culture.
B. Equality in society.
C. Linguistic tolerance.
D. Persistent planning.
8. The author"s reaction to the statement by the Ministry of Business and Industry is ______.
A. disapproving
B. approving
C. noncommittal
D. doubtful
9. According to the passage, Danish orderliness ______.
A. sets the people apart from Germans and Swedes
B. spare Danes social troubles besetting other peoples
C. is considered economically essential to the country
D. prevents Danes from acknowledging existing troubles
10. At the end of the passage the author states all the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. Danes are clearly informed of their social benefits
B. Danes take for granted what is given to them
C. the open system helps to tide the country over
D. orderliness has alleviated unemployment
Questions 11～15
This month Singapore passed a bill that would give legal teeth to the moral obligation to support one"s parents. Called the Maintenance of Parents Bill, it received the backing of the Singapore Government.
That does not mean it hasn"t generated discussion. Several members of the Parliament opposed the measure as un-Asian. Others who acknowledged the problem of the elderly poor believed it a disproportionate response. Still others believe it will subvert relations within the family: cynics dubbed it the "Sue Your Son" law.
Those who say that the bill does not promote filial responsibility, of course, are right. It has nothing to do with filial responsibility. It kicks in where filial responsibility fails. The law cannot legislate filial responsibility any more than it can legislate love. All that the law can do is to provide a safety net where this morality proves insufficient. Singapore needs this bill not to replace morality, but to provide incentives to shore it up.
Like many other developed nations, Singapore faces the problems of an increasing proportion of people over 60 years of age. Demography is inexorable. In 1980, 7.2% of the population was in this bracket. By the end of the century that figure will grow to 11%. By 2030, the proportion is projected to be 26%. The problem is not old age per se. It is that the ratio of economically active people to economically inactive people will decline.
But no amount of government exhortation or paternalism **pletely eliminate the problem of old people who have insufficient means to make ends meet. Some people will fall through the holes in any safety net.
Traditionally, a person"s insurance against poverty in his old age was his family. This is not a revolutionary concept. Nor is it uniquely Asian. Care and support for one"s parents is a universal value shared by all civilized societies.
The problem in Singapore is that the moral obligation to look after one"s parents is unenforceable.
A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children. A husband can be forced to support his wife. But, until now, a son or daughter had no legal obligation to support his or her parents.
In 1989, an Advisory Council was set up to look into the problems of the aged. Its report stated with a tinge of complacency that 950% of those who did not have their own income were receiving cash contributions from relations. But what about the 5% who aren"t getting relatives" support? They have several options:a. get a job and work until they die;b. apply for public assistance (you have to be destitute to apply);c. starve quietly. None of these options is socially acceptable. And what if this 5% figure grows, as it is likely to do, as society ages?
The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far kept Asian nations from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies. This legislation will allow a person to apply to the court for maintenance from any or all of his children. The court would have the discretion to refuse to make an order if it is unjust.
Those who deride the proposal for opening up the courts to family lawsuits miss the point. Only in extreme cases would any parent take his child to court. If it does indeed become law, the bill"s effect would be far more subtle.
First, it will reaffirm the notion that it is each individual"s—not society"s—responsibility to look after his parents. Singapore is still conservative enough that most people will not object to this idea. It reinforces the traditional values and it doesn"t hurt a society now and then to remind itself of its core values.
Second, and more important, it will make those who are inclined to shirk their responsibilities think twice. Until now, if a person asked family elders, clergymen or the Ministry of Community Development to help get financial support from his children, the most they could do was to mediate. But mediators have no teeth, and a child could simply ignore their pleas.
But to be sued by one"s parents would be a massive loss of face. It would be a public disgrace. Few people would be so thick-skinned as to say, "Sue and be damned". The hand of the conciliator would be immeasurably strengthened. It is far more likely that some sort of amicable settlement would be reached if the recalcitrant son or daughter knows that the alternative is a public trial.
It would be nice to think Singapore doesn"t need this kind of law. But that belief ignores the clear demographic trends and the effect of affluence itself on traditional bends. Those of us who pushed for the bill will consider ourselves most successful if it acts as an incentive not to have it invoked in the first place.
11. The Maintenance of Parents Bill ______.
A. received unanimous support in the Singapore Parliament
B. was believed to solve all the problems of the elderly poor
C. was intended to substitute for traditional values in Singapore
D. was passed to make the young more responsible to the old
12. By quoting the growing percentage points of the aged in the population, the author seems to imply that ______.
A. the country will face mounting problems of the old in future
B. the social welfare system would be under great pressure
C. young people should be given more moral education
D. the old should be provided with means of livelihood
13. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. Filial responsibility in Singapore is enforced by law.
B. Fathers have legal obligations to look after their children.
C. It is an acceptable practice for the old to continue working.
D. The Advisory Council was dissatisfied with the problems of the old.
14. The author seems to suggest that traditional values ______.
A. play an insignificant role in solving social problems
B. are helpful to the elderly when they sue their children
C. are very important in preserving Asian uniqueness
D. are significant in helping the Bill get approved
15. The author thinks that if the Bill becomes law, its effect would be ______.
A. indirect
B. unnoticed
C. apparent
D. straightforward
Questions 16～20
The law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcy protection a year after his funeral. After his death, the firm"s letterhead properly included him- Patrick S. Lanigan, 1954～1992. He was listed up in the right-hand corner, just above the paralegals. Then the rumors got started and wouldn"t stop. Before long, everyone believed he had taken the money and disappeared. After three months, no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.
The remaining partners in the law firm were still together, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes, back when they were rolling and on the verge of serious wealth. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy. Since Patrick"s departure, they had tried every possible way to divorce one another, but nothing would work. Two were raging alcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors, but never together. The other two were in recovery, still teetering on the brink of sobriety.
He took their money. Their millions money. They had already spent long before it arrived, as only lawyers can do, money for their richly renovated office building in downtown Biloxi, money for new homes, yachts, condos in the Caribbean. The money was on the way, approved, the papers signed, orders entered; they could see it, almost touch it when their dead partner—Patrick—snatched it at the last possible second.
He was dead. They buried him on February 11, 1992. They had consoled the widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead. Yet six weeks later, he somehow stole their money.
So Bogan took his share of the blame. At forty-nine, he was the oldest of the four, and, at the moment, the most stable. He was also responsible for hiring Patrick nine years earlier, and they had brawled over who was to blame. Charles Bogan, the firm"s senior partner and its iron hand, had insisted the money be wired from its source into a new account offshore, and this made sense after some discussion. It was ninety million bucks, a third of which the firm would keep, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi, population fifty thousand. Someone at the bank would talk. Soon everyone would know. All four vowed secrecy, even as they made plans to display as much of their new wealth as possible. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.
Doug Vitrano, the litigator, had made the fateful decision to recommend Patrick as the fifth partner. The other three had agreed, and when Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name, he had access to virtually every file in the office—Bogan, Rapley, Vitrano, Havarac, and Lanigan, Attorneys and Counselors-at-Law. A large ad in the yellow pages claimed "Specialists in Offshore Injuries."。