汉译英ppt

②她不把他当阿公，而当作亲爹。 She considered him not a father-in-law but a father.
③耳朵是用来听声音的器官，鼻子用来嗅气 味，舌头用来尝滋味。 The ear is the organ which is used for hearing. The nose is used for smelling. The tongue is used for tasting.
2.1.3.增补作宾语的代词 ①请原谅，打断你一下。 Excuse me for interrupting you. ②请别介意。 Don’t take it seriously. 2.2. 增补介词
①他是一个正直的人。 He is a man of integrity.
②中国是一个幅员广大、历史悠久的大国。 China is a great country with a vast territory and long history. ③我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。 We should gradually eliminate the differences between town and country.
① 为了拍这张照片，我忘了拣做晚饭的牛粪。 译文：In order to take this photo, I forgot to collect yakdung as fuel for cooking supper. 分析：如果不增加as fuel则译文读者会感到 费解，很难联想到所拣牛粪是做燃料用的。
②但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础 知识。 译文：But he was highly appreciative of Asian student’s diligence and solid grounding in fundamental knowledge.
③人民犯了法，也要受处罚，也要坐班 房…… 译文：When anyone among the people breaks the law, he too should be punished, imprisoned… ④要提倡顾全大局。 We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into account.
②特区政府拥有较大的经济管理权限。 译文：Government in special economic zone is given great power to administer local economy. 分析：“经济”指特区管理内的经济，所以译文 补充local明确加以限定。
③领居王二婶把钥匙锁在家里。 译文：Aunt Wang, a neighbor of his, left her Key in her locked house through carelessness.(如译为： Aunt Wang, a neighbor of his, locked her key at home.不仅原文意思表达不完整，而且容易使译文读者 误以为王二婶有意将钥匙锁在家中。)
3.为沟通不同文化而增词（解释性翻译） ①班门弄斧：to show off one’s proficiency with axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter ②三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang, the master mind.
译文分析：译文增加opportunities因为女 演员在大上海寻求机遇，含义隐含在原文 中，与“陷阱”相对。
③我还是希望能够说服人民。
译文：I am still hoping that I can succeed in persuading our people to come round to my view.
1.1. 准确忠实传达原文的意义： e.g. ①我们将坚定不移地把加强同发展中国家的团结与 合作作为我国对外政策的基本立足点。 译文：We will unswervingly take the strengthening of unity and cooperation with other developing countries as a basic principle underlying China’s foreign policies. 分析：如果不增加other一词，则无法向译文读者 表明中国也是发展中国家。
④西湖名菜有南宋风味，享誉已久。 “南宋风味”如果按字面直译成：which have the style and taste of the South Song Dynasty会显 得非常荒唐，也不符合原文的真实含义。 译文：West Lake dishes, which originated in the South Song Dynasty, have been well known for their taste and flavor.
1.3.3. 情景语境的增补
①车停了，那位妇女千恩万谢地下了车。 译文：When the bus stopped again, she rose and offered a thousand thanks to her newly-found friends and slipped out of the bus. ②（他走了进去，找到办公室，犹豫不决地走了过去。） “问询处，有事请按铃．”他伸手去按铃…… 译文：“Information Service, please ring the bell for inquiry.” He found such words outside the office. He stretched out his hand to press the button.
④这些苹果，你们四个人分。 Divide these apples among the four of you. A
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2.3.增补连词
①虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. ②我很累，要睡觉了。 I will go to bed, for I’m very tired. ③他不来，我不走。 I shall not go until he comes.
④我们对问题要作全面的分析，才能解决妥 当。 We must make a comprehensive analysis of a problem before it can be properly solved.
2.5.词语搭配增译 ①谁都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦的。 译文: It is well-known that the life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard.
分析：to come round to my view加上 之后，原文意图才能为译文读者所领悟。
1.3.原文语境的增补（To add words to embody the original context of situation）
1.3.1. 语言语境的增补 ①不认识了么？我还抱过你咧！ 译文：Don’t you know me? Why, you remember being held in my arms when you were a child.
1.3.2.文化语境的增补
①发展两岸关系，推进祖国和平统一进程。 译文：develop relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and promote the peaceful reunification of the motherland.
②帝国主义搞和平演变，把希望寄托在我们以后的几代人 身上。 译文：The imperialists are pushing for peaceful evolution towards capitalism in China, placing their hopes on the generations that will come after us. 分析：“和平演变”是汉语中特有的政治术语，仅译为 peaceful evolution是无法让英语读者明白的,增词后方可 弥补意识形态方面的鸿沟。
④其实世界上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了 路。 For actually the earth had no roads to begin with, but when many men pass one way, a road is made. 2.4.增补冠词 ①狮子是百兽之王。 The lion is the king of animals.
译文：In order to avoid those familiar eyes, he didn’t return to his home town after his release but found an odd job through introduction in a furniture plant in Nanxian County of Hunan.
③亲朋结婚，去不去？同事来访，开不开门？ 译文： Shall we go to the party when invited to a friend’s wedding? Can we refuse admission when some colleague knocks at the door? 2.1.2. 增补物主代词 ①吃饭时请洗手。 Wash your hands before having a meal. ②她用手蒙住脸，好像是为了保护眼睛。 She covered her face with her hand, as if to protect her eyes.
Unit Four
增译法
（ Amplification）
绪言： 杨振宁教授曾说：“中国的文化是向模 糊、朦胧及总体的方向走。” 而且，汉语 多重意合而英语重形合，因此在将因重意合 而多采用并列结构的汉语译成因重形合而多 采用主从结构的英语时不可避免地需要采用 增译法。
1．语义性增词（To add words owing to the semantic need）
⑤农业产业化：the industrial management of agriculture.
⑥政府管理信息化：promote IT for government administration
1.2. 明示原文中的暗含意义（To specify the implication of the original）
2.结构性增词( To add words because of the need of sentence structure) 2.1.增补代词
2.1.1. 增补作主语的代词 ①来信收阅，甚为高兴。 I have received your letter and read it with delight. ②活到老，学到老。 We live and learn.
②她总是把伞挂在门边的把手上…… 译文：Whenever she carried an umbrella, she habitually hung it on the handrail near the bus door. ③为了逃避那一双双熟悉的眼睛，释放后，经人 介绍，他来到湖南省一家木器厂做临时工。
②上海，这个灯红酒绿的花花世界，对一 个初上舞台的青年女演员，处处是陷阱。
译文：Shanghai was a dazzling world of
myriad temptation, yet for a young and inexperienced actress like herself, it seemed a place more of pitfalls than opportunities.