Theodore Dreiser个人介绍
经典课件Theodore_Dreiser
Main Literary Works
Sister Carrie 1900 《嘉莉妹妹》 嘉莉妹妹》 Jennie Gerhardt 1911 《珍妮姑娘》 珍妮姑娘》 Financial 1912 《金融家》 金融家》 The Titan 1914 《巨人》 巨人》 The “Genius” 1915 《天才 》 An American Tragedy 1925 《美国悲剧》 美国悲剧》 The Stoic 1947 《斯多葛》 斯多葛》
Born Died Occupation Wife Parents
Hale Waihona Puke 1871-08-27,Indiana 1945-12-28,Hollywood Novelist Sara White Sarah and John Paul Dreiser
Dreiser was born in Terre Haute, Indiana, to Sarah and John Paul Dreiser, a strict Catholic family. John Paul Dreiser was a German immigrant from Mayen in the Eifel region, and Sarah was from the Mennonite farming near Dayton, Ohio; she was disowned for marrying John and converting to Roman Catholicism. Theodore was the twelfth of thirteen children (the ninth of the ten surviving). The popular songwriter Paul Dresser (1857–1906) was his older brother.
奥斯卡王尔德英文简介
奥斯卡王尔德英文简介奥斯卡·王尔德，最伟大的作家与艺术家之一，以其剧作、诗歌、童话和小说闻名。
下面是店铺给大家整理的奥斯卡王尔德英文简介，供大家参阅!奥斯卡·王尔德简介Oscar Wilde (1854 ~ 1900), born in the 19th century in the UK (in the case of Ireland, but then ruled by the British.) One of the greatest writers and artists, with his plays, poetry, fairy tales and fiction famous. Aestheticist figures, the main body of the aesthetic movement of the 1880s and the pioneers of the 90's decadent movement.奥斯卡·王尔德人物生平Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, a family of outstanding family, is the second son of the family. His father, Sir William Wilde, was a surgeon whose mother was a poet and writer.In 1864, Oscar Wilde was at the Royal College of Putuo in the house of Ennis, and was not particularly popular among the boys. During school, he loves flowers, sunset and Greek literature. Although the teacher was often dismissed as lazy, but he was in the last year of this school is still on behalf of classical literature achievements of the best honor of the Toro Gold Medal.In 1871, the Dublin Trinity College Scholarship was awarded at the age of 17. He met Professor Mahaffi at this school, and the professor had a considerable influence on Wilde's life. Many years later, he recalled that Mahafir was "a very talkative person, an artist who was good at using eloquence and vivid words.After graduating from Trinity College in Dublin, Wilde received a full scholarship from the University of Oxford at Magdalen College in 1874. In Oxford, Wilde was influenced byWalter Pate and John Raskin's aesthetic ideas and touched on the New Hegelian philosophy, Darwinian theory of evolution and the pre-Raphaelite work, which became a pioneer of his aestheticism The writer established the direction. After the publication of the first "poem", he began to emerge in the literary world, and came to London development. Although the young Wilde has not yet received a literary award, but the clothing eye-catching, talk wit, maverick in London social circles have been a minor celebrity, some magazines and even published his satirical article.In 1875, Wilde traveled to Italy during the summer vacation and wrote one of the early poems "San Miniato", "San Miniato"), but this poem was published only a few years later. In 1877, Oscar Wilde and the other two young people to accompany Mahafhe to Greece to travel, for the Greek natural landscape and exquisite buildings dumped, so linger, delayed class. After returning to Oxford, he was fined £ 45 by the school and the following year was fine for his academic excellence. In 1878, Oscar Wilde in the last year of Oxford in the last year is extremely beautiful, not only academic performance among the best, but also to poetry "La Fenner" to win a school poetry competition. The winning poems were financed by the school and became the first published works by Oscar Wilde. Wilde moved from Oxford to London, claiming to be a professor of aestheticism. In 1880, at this time Wilde has been cut out in the London social circle, "clumsy" magazine began to take his appearance joke. His first play "Vera" in the same year to complete, but no big response, and finally for political reasons did not staged in London. In 1881, by the Gilbert and Sullivan written by the aestheticist humorist "Peas" did not intend to bring a bad reputation for Wilde. Wang Erde poetry published in the same year, may be poet at their own expense.In 1882, Wilde made a wonderful tour in the United States, two years later he and Constance Lloyd (Constance Lloyd) love married, two sons Cyril (Cyril) and Vivian (Vyvyan) also Was born in 1885 and 1886.In 1887, Wilde became the executive editor of a women's magazine called "Women's World" (formerly known as "Lady of the World", Oscar Wilde's renamed), and published some of his novels, comments and poems in magazines. Wilde's works are famous for their rhetoric and beauty. In May 1888, published "Happy Prince and other stories". June 20, 1890, in the newspaper serial novel "Dorian Gray's portrait", lay the status of decadent artists. His first novel, The Portrait of Dorian Gray, was published in 1891. The opportunity for the creation of the novel was due to the fact that Wilde had visited a famous painter, and the male model of the painter was so young and beautiful. Sigh: "Unfortunately, such a beautiful creature, or a day of aging." The painter replied: Yes ah, if you can make the painting he replaced him like old. Later, Wilde created the novel "The Portrait of Dawn Gray", and Wilde, in order to thank the painter, named his painter in his name, and then he published the prose "The Soul of Socialism" Both of these works are very successful, but the real success for Wilde is his drama works.It can be said that each of his drama works are warmly welcomed, there is a period of time, London stage actually staged him Three of his works are known as the best comedy works since Sheridan's "rumor school".In 1895, Marquess of Queensberry found Lord Alfred Douglas (Nickname "Bosie") and Oscar Wilde for four years and accused of Oscar Wilde and went to Oscar Wilde To the celebrity club to paste the note: "Oscar Oscar Wilde - pretend to be a traitor." Publicly denounced Wilde is a good male "soders" (atthat time has not yet born "gay" the term). The allegations made Wilde immediately write to his friend Ross.The Marquis of Queensberry is a tyrannical father, and Douglas has been arguing for a long time, and the angry Alfred Douglas called Wilde immediately appealed to the Marquis to corrupt his reputation. As a result, Wilde's appeal failed, and he was told that "committing acts of gross indecency with other men persons". According to the United Kingdom 1855 harsh criminal law amendments Part 11, Wilde was convicted, in Reading and Bentonville prison served two years of hard labor. In the past two years, Wilde stopped the drama creation, wrote the poem in the prison "song of the prison song" and the letter set "abyss Jane." In these two works, his style has changed, it is difficult to find the impact of aestheticism. During his stay in Wilde, his wife Constance and two children changed their name to Holland, moved to Italy, and most of his friends in the social and literary circles were fearless of him. Only a handful of people such as playwright George Bernard Shaw still stand up to maintain him.On May 1, 1895, the jury could not agree on Wilde's charges, and a juror agreed to bail Wilde. May 7, was released from prison. May 20, the case the second session. May 25, Wilde because of "serious indecent assault", was sentenced to forced labor for two years, first detained in London Bentonville prison, July 4 transfer to London Wandsworth prison, November 20 was transferred from the 30 miles west of London's Reading prison. On September 24 and November 12 of the year, the court conducted two bankruptcy investigations against Oscar Wilde and declared its bankruptcy.Released in 1897, Wilde took to Paris, for the British he wasdisappointed, no longer have the slightest nostalgia. He had tried to mix with Constance for two children, but Alfred Douglas offered to meet him and said he wanted to rebuild with Wilde, and Wilde chose Douglas. He lived in France during the name of the completion of the "Reading of the song", in 1898 Wilde and Douglas travel to Italy, but the last two still break up, the two together was not as good as the original, after the release of Wilde scenery Then, Douglas began to understand that Wilde was no longer the married and everyone envy of the successful people. But if they had been in love and tired of talking to the far apart, the wayward Douglas had earlier said to Oscar Wilde: "If you are no longer the taller of Oscar, it is no longer interesting.In 1900, Wilde finally changed his Catholicism with the help of his friend and his same-sex lover, Robert Robbie Ross, who was the first gay man of Wilde, Rose's temptation led him to the path of homosexuality, when Rose was 17 and Wilde was 32. Although Wilde was later obsessed with Douglas, but for many years he loved Oscar Wilde and gave him help, and Ross's ashes were in his last wish Together). In the same year on November 30 due to meningitis in Paris, Alsa(Alsace) died, at the age of 46 years old, only when Ross died with another friend to accompany him. Oscar Wilde in the cemetery of Paris, according to his poetry in the "Sphinx" in the image, carved into a small Sphinx.At the end of the twentieth century, after nearly a century later, the British finally gave Wilde a statue of honor. On November 30, 1998, the statue of Oscar Wilde, sculpted by McGee Hamlin, was unveiled at Adelaide Street near Trafalgar Square, London. The statue is titled "Dialogue with Oscar Wilde" and engraved with quotes from Oscar Wilde: "We are all in thegutter, but some of us are looking At the stars.)。
Theodore Dreiser
Born Died Occupation Wife Parents
1871-08-27,Indiana 1945-12-28,Hollywood Novelist Sara White Sarah and John Paul Dreiser
Dreiser was born in Terre Haute, Indiana, to Sarah and John Paul Dreiser, a strict Catholic familyan immigrant from Mayen in the Eifel region, and Sarah was from the Mennonite farming near Dayton, Ohio; she was disowned for marrying John and converting to Roman Catholicism. Theodore was the twelfth of thirteen children (the ninth of the ten surviving). The popular songwriter Paul Dresser (1857–1906) was his older brother.
）：《 《欲望三部曲》（Trilogy of Desire）：《金融 欲望三部曲》 ）： ）；《 家》（The Financier，1912）；《巨人》 ， ）； 巨人》 ）；《 （The Titan，1914）；《斯多葛》（The Stoic， ， ）； 斯多葛》 ， 1947死后完成）。 死后完成）。 死后完成
1927 He visited The Soviet Union. 1941被选为美国作家协会主席 被选为美国作家协会主席 1944获美国文学艺术学会荣誉奖 获美国文学艺术学会荣誉奖 July,1945. 加入美国共产党 He died Dec. 28, 1945, Hollywood, California.
Theodore Dreiser
Report Of Theodore DreiserTheodore Dreiser (1871—1945) who was known as a powerful novelist was born at Terre Haute, Indiana, in1871. He lived in a poor and intensely religious family. And his family was also a big one. There were thirteen children in all and he was next to the youngest. Dreiser attend a number of schools and from 1889 to 1890, he attended Indiana University. But in order to earn a living, he left the university after a year’s hard working.The early life of Theodore Dreiser was very miserable. He had done a variety of menial jobs, such as washing dishes and clothes for others, working as a real estate clerk and a collection agent. These difficult life experiences provided him many real materials for his works. He became a full-time writer after 1911. And he turned entirely away from fiction toward political activism and polemical writing during the last two decades of his life.His best works are in the form of short stories and novels. Short stories: Free and Other Stories (1918), Chains (1921), Five Furniture(1930), etc. Novels: Sister Carrie (1900), Jennie Gerhardt (1911), The Titan (1914), Stoic, The Genius (1915), and An American Tragedy (1925).Theodore Dreiser, as an outstanding representative of naturalism, whose novels depict real-life subjects in a harsh light. In his fiction, Dreiser deals with social problems and with characters who struggle to survive. His principal concern was with conflict between human needs and the demands of society for material success. He showed human beings to have their own will and capacity for realisation of idealism. Theodore Dreiser was considered by many as the leader of Naturalism in American writing. And what’s more, Dreiser was also praised as “the greatest living realist” of the early twentieth century. He was a fine writer of Naturalistic novels.。
Theodore Dreiser
Summary of Chapter one
Carrie is a pretty young girl at the age of eighteen. She leaves home by train for Chicago where her sister lives to look for work. On the train, she encounters Drouet, a traveling salesman, who is attracted by Carrie’s prettiness. Carrie longs for wealth and affection, for the glitter of the big city, Chicago. Drouet’s fashionable clothes, rings, gold watch chain, knowledgeable talk and affectionate attention to Carrie made her hardly know how to repulse. He succeeds in getting her sister’s address before the train arrives at the station. Carrie’s sister comes to meet her at the station, but at the sight of her lean-faced, commonplace sister, Carrie’s heart sinks for she feels the cold reality with no promise of light, warmth, wealth and merriment.
Theodore Dreiser
Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945)作品有：代表作：An American Tragedy.Sister Carrie. (嘉莉妹妹). Nigger Jeff. Old Rogaum and His Theresa. Jennie Gerhardt. Trilogy of Desire(欲望三部曲):1. The Financier. 2. The Titan.3. The Stoic. The Genius. Dreiser Looks at Russia.Theodore Dreiser is generally acknowledged as one of America‘s literary naturalists. (美国著名的自然主义作家)With every disadvantage piled upon him, Dreiser, by his strong will and his dogged persistence, eventually burst out and became one of the important American writers.Dreiser is a prolific writer and many of his works are familiar to us Chinese readers. (是个多产作家。
) . Among them, Sister Carrie is the best known, tracing the material rise of Carrie Meeber and the tragic decline of G.W. Hurstwood.The Genius, a classic story of a ―misunderstood artist‖, was once condemned for ―obscenity and blasphemy. (《天才》讲的是一个“被误解的艺术家”的故事，这部小说因其“淫秽和对神的不敬”而遭到谴责。
10 Theodore_Dreiser美国文学
As a novelist Dreiser made his debut with Sister Carrie, a powerful account of a young working girl‘s rise to success and her slow decline. “She was eighteen years of age, bright, timid and full of the illusions of ignorance and youth. Whatever touch of regret at parting characterized her thoughts it was certainly not for advantages now being given up. A gush of tears at her mother’s farewell kiss, a touch in the throat when the cars clacked by the flour mill where her father worked by the day, a pathetic sigh as the familiar green environs of the village passed in review, and the threads which bound her so lightly to girlhood and home were irretrievath
the help of his former teacher, he was able to spend the year 1889-1890 at Indiana University. Dreiser left after only a year. He was, however, a voracious贪婪 的 reader, and the impact of such writers as Hawthorne, Poe, Balzac, Herbert Spencer, and Freud influenced his thought and his reaction against organized religion.
Theodore_Dreiser
(西奥多· 德莱塞 )
representing works writing style
Life
the pioneer of modern fiction writer, and representatives of the American modern novel ,considered juxtaposed with Hemingway and Faulkner
Dreiser himself said:
It’s the life with its romance and cruelty, its pity and terror, its joys and anxiety, its peace and conflict. You may not like my vision but it is the only one that I have seen and felt, therefore, it is the only one I can give you .
About Sister Carrie
successful actress George Hurstwood life beggary
Caroline Meeber: pretty small-town girl
Uses men Used by men
lose control over suicide
the worst-written great novel in the world
Commercially successful and brings him wealth
Writing style
Theodore Dreiser
西奥多·德莱塞 （1871—1945）
Brief introduction
He was an American author and a outstanding representative of naturalism, whose novels depict reallife subjects in a harsh light. Dreiser's novels were held to be amoral, and he battled throughout his career against censorship and popular taste. His principal concern was with the conflict between human needs and the demands of society for material success.
His works
• Sister Carrie 1900 • Jennie Gerhardt 1911 • An American Tragedy 1925 • The Financier 1912 • The Titan 1914 • The Stoic (not published until 1947 after he died) • The Genius 1915 • Dreiser Looks at Russia 1928
trilogy of desire 欲望三部曲
Writing style
• Without good structure • Deficient characterization • Lack in imagination • Simple words • Journalistic method • Techniques in painting
美国文学 笔记 Theodore Dreiser
Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945)A Short Bio•Birth: extremely poor, intensely religious, big family, German origin.•Education: sponsored by a teacher attending Indiana University.•Work experiences: (Chicago) real estate clerk and collection agent→a newspaper reporter; (NY) a magazine editor & writer→ 1911, a full-time writer.•Political stand: Left-oriented and joined the Communist Party shortly before his death.Literary Career•Major literary genres: short story & novels•Short stories: Free and Other Stories 1918, Chains 1921, Five Furniture 1930•Major novels:•Sister Carrie《嘉莉妹妹》1900 (his 1st novel, withheld for being immoral/for its relentless honesty in presenting the true nature of American→ became famous in the 1920s.);•Jennie Gerhardt《珍妮姑娘》1911;Major Novels•Cowper wood trilogy (“Trilogy of Desire” “欲望三部曲”):•The Financier《金融家》1912, The Titan 《巨人》1914, The Stoic《斯多葛》1917 →Harsh portrait of a type of ruthless businessman like Frank Cowperwood→“Might is right”/the powerful and the ruthless alone survive in this amoral world.•The Genius 《天才》1915 (autobiographical work);•An American Tragedy《美国悲剧》1925 (his masterpiece).Major Features•Determinism & tragic ending:•Characters are unable to assert their will against natural and economic forces.•Hu man tragedy comes as a result of collision between man’s biological needs and society’s ruthless manipulation.•Stubborn honesty: simple but highly moving characters•Natural narrative (ponderous):•massive details;•serious tone: never satirical or comic;•journalistic method of reiterationLiterary Position•“the wheelhouse of American naturalism”•“chief spokesman for the realistic novel”•“a profound and prescient critic of debased American values”Naturalism 自然主义•Background:•Charles Darwin’s On Origin of Species (1859):•The struggle for existence, survival of the fittest, natural selection;•Herbert Spencer’s social Darwinism:•the strongest or fittest should survive and flourish in society, while the weak and unfit would fall victim in the natural course of events to economic forces.• A literary movement that emerged in France, America, and England during the late 19th century and early 20th century and that emphasizes biological and socioeconomic determinism in fiction and drama. •Emergence in Europe: Emile Zola and Thomas Hardy.Major Features•Major characters:•human beings as higher animals whose lives are determined by the laws of heredity and environment and by basic drives over which they have no control: sex, hunger, and fear.•The universe is cold, godless, indifferent and hostile to human desires.•The naturalists’ recurrent concerns: Social systems that destroy and dehumanize; Individual experience of loss and failure.Writing Style•Scientifically accurate; Objective; Truthful in depicting life as a brutal struggle for survival; Factually detailed.Realism vs. Naturalism•Similarities:•Both strive for objectivity; Both are interested in the commonplace in contemporary life. •Differences:•Naturalists d escribe real life in a crude way, the way things really are; they don’t escape into a world of imagination.•Naturalists would go to the slums and write about the life of poverty and crime instead of going to a middle-class neighborhood and writing about middle-class life.•The naturalists’ tone in writing is less serious and less sympathetic but more detached and more pessimistic.Representatives of American Naturalism•Stephen Crane(1871-1900)斯蒂芬·克莱恩：The Red Badge of Courage《红色英勇勋章》•Jack London杰克·伦敦：The Call of the Wild《荒野的呼唤》Martin Eden《马丁·伊登》•Theodore Dreiser•Frank Norris: the Octopus《章鱼》An American TragedyQ: Who are the major characters?Clyde Griffiths –a bellboy in the hotel; Roberta Alden –a working girl at the factory; Sondra Finchley –daughter of a wealthy bossQ: Why is the story not only a tragedy, but also an “American Tragedy”?• A tragedy: A man’s losing struggle against forces that shape human destiny.•Clyde’s life is doomed t o a tragedy. He attempts to break free of the environmental, economic, social, and fatalistic forces but fails. These forces, such as the mental and physical traits that he inherits at birth, the surroundings in which he grows up, the financial status of his family, their lower-class background, and happenstance (the automobile accident, for example), cannot be surpassed by any human being in the world.•An American Tragedy:•The story of An American Tragedy reveals the cultural and moral price of the frenzied drive for wealth and status which is officially encouraged as the realization of the “American Dream”. It is the materialistic society that is as much to blame as the murderer himself.Chapter XLIIWhat happens at the beginning of this episode?What’s the difference between the two letters in terms of their language and the different life they represent? What’s your impression on Sondra and Roberta?What does Clyde feel when both letters reach him?What does he do after reading the letters?What impresses him in the newspaper?What does Clyde feel after reading the news?Chapter XLIIIWhere does Clyde decide to go finally?What attracts Clyde most when he arrives at Twelfth Lake? Could he entertain himself with Sondra freely? Why?What happens in the moon night when Clyde is with Sondra? Do you think Sondra is serious about their relationship?What does Sondra tell Clyde the next morning and what’s her declaration?What does Clyde suggest? What’s Sondra’s reaction?Can you describe Clyde’s response wh en Sondra refuses to elope with him? Does Clyde decide what to do at the end of this chapter?。
美国文学史Theodore Dreiser..
"The moral and social codes of his America misrepresent the truth of human nature , and so does conventional fiction."
Theodore Dreiser
Theodore Dreiser
Sister Carrie was rejected
because of its relentless honesty in presenting the true nature of American life.
His theories
His writng style Main themes
American Dream Change and Transformation Choices and Consequences Wealth and Poverty Identity
His writng style
formless employing at the time journalistic and Serious in tone: awkwardly method of written reiteration never satirical or comic crude word-picture on the bordering of line narrative is very natural of sharp grammar contrast based on quantities of characterization truth in color is found materials and detailed deficient descriptions.
Theodore_Dreiser_西奥多德莱塞_ppt
Major features of Naturalism
Naturalism is a harsher and extreme form of realism. The naturalists have a major difference from the realists.
They feel realists as far too “genteel”. Naturalists do not look at the average, but at the violent,
Theme: man’s life is dominated by their heredity and environment.
Language: unpolished, lacking in academic skills and unwieldy in stucture.
The author’s tone is more ironic and pessimistic.
sensational, sordid, unpleasant and ugly aspects of life. They would go to the slums and write about the life of
poverty and crime. They write about war, prostitution, criminals, and all of
are controlled, determined. The universe is cold, godless, indifferent and hostile to human desires. Life becomes a struggle for survival. Two of the naturalist’s recurrent concerns are: social systems that destroy and dehumanize, and individual experience of loss and failure.
Theodore Dreiser (西奥多
Sister Carrie
• 小说描写了农村姑娘嘉莉来到大城市芝加哥寻找幸福， 嘉莉是个俊俏的农村姑娘，她羡慕大都市的物质生活来 到了芝加哥谋生。严酷的现实破碎了她的美梦，迎接她 的是失业和疾病。在走投无路时，她做了推销员杜洛埃 的情妇，后来由于更大的欲望又做了酒店经理赫斯特伍 德的情妇。与赫斯特伍德私奔后，在纽约由于偶然的机 会她成了走红一时的演员，挤上了上流社会，实现了她 的梦想，最终物质却无法满足她心灵的寂寞，而赫斯特 伍德也身败名裂、穷困潦倒，以自杀终其一生。该作品 细腻地展示了嘉莉的生存景观及心路历程，以真切的现 实主义为鲜明的特征，比较真实地揭露了20世纪初人们 狂热的追求美国之梦的悲剧事实，揭示了驱驶人们享乐 却最终幻灭的本能主题，说明了在以金钱为中心的美国 资本主义社会里不可能有真正的幸福。
• • • • • •
American dream Change and transformation Choices and consequences Wealth and poverty Identity sex
• Theodore Dreiser is regarded as an outstanding representative of American naturalism.
In 1894, he moved to New York began his Publishing career.
In 1945 Dreiser was died
Background
• Dreiser lived in the stage of monopoly of American capitalism rapid development period. • The core of the American value is materialistic. • Dreiser was influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution.
Theodore Dreiser 德莱赛
A Gallery of Women《妇女群像》（1929） The Bulwark《壁垒》（1946） The stoic《斯多噶》（1947）
Drama
Plays of the Natural and Supernatural《自然和超 自然的戏剧》（1916） The Hand of the Potter《得心应手》（1918）
Legacy
Enormous influence generation followed him. “stronger than all the others of his time, and at ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้he same time more poignant; greater than the world he has described ,but as significant as the people in it.”---Alfred Kazin “American writing, before and after his time, differed almost as much as biology before and after Darwin”.---H.L.Mencken “Dreiser sees Error in Defense” American True Crime--- In 2008 the Library of America
Literary career
Novels
Sister Carrie《嘉莉妹妹》（1900） Jennie Gerhardt《珍妮姑娘》（1911） The Financier《金融家》（1912） The Titan《巨人》（1914） The Lost Phoebe《失落的菲比》（1914） The “Genius”《天才》（1915） Free and Other Stories《自由》（1918） Twelve Men《十二个男人》（1919） An American Tragedy《美国悲剧》（1925） Chains：Lesser Novels and Stories《锁链》（1927）
Part 4 Theodore Dreiser 德雷塞 嘉莉妹妹
Representatives: 自然主义的代表作家 Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Jack London and Theodore Dreiser. Crane’s Maggie: A Girl of the Streets is the first American naturalism work. Stephen Crane的《街头女郎梅季》是第一部 自然主义作品。 Norris’s McTeague is the manifesto of American naturalism. Frank Norris的《麦克提格》的美国自然主义的最佳体现。 Dreiser’s Sister Carrie is the work in which naturalism attained maturity. Theodore Dreiser 的《嘉莉妹妹》是自然主义的顶 峰之作。 These writers’ detailed description of the lives of the downtrodden and the abnormal, their frank treatment of human passion and sexuality, and their portrayal of men and women overwhelmed by blind forces of nature still exert a powerful influence on modern writers. 自然主义作家们对这些压抑的， 不正常人物生活的描 写 ， 对 待激情，性的坦白，女人和男 人被自然力量摧毁的刻画等，深深影响了现代作家。
Sister Carrie (1900): the first novel, masterwork Jannie Gerhardt (1911) The Fanancier (1912) The Titan (1914) The Stoic (1947) These three works form Trilogy of Desire which shows Dreiser's shift from the pathos of helpless protagonists to the power of those unusual dominating individuals.
Theodore_Dreiser
Theodore Dreiser
Life Evaluation Works Analysis Major Features of Theodore
Dreiser Study on Sister Carrie
Life
Dreiser was born in Indiana, the ninth child of German-speaking parents.
His childhood was spent in extreme poverty.
After some months at Indiana University, he became a reporter on the Chicago Globe before arriving in New York in 1894.
His first novel, Sister Carrie, was rejected because of his relentless残酷的 honesty in presenting the true nature of American life.
He faced every form of attack that a serious artist could encounter遭遇 misunderstanding, misrepresentation, artistic isolation and commercial seduction. But he survived to lead the rebellion 叛乱of the 1900s.
Naturalistic writers were influenced by the evolution theory of Charles Darwin. They believed that one's heredity and social environment determine one's character.
美国小说家西奥多德莱塞英文简介
MAIN WORKS
• Sister Carrier(1900)嘉莉妹妹
• Jennie Gerhardt(1911)珍妮姑娘
• Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲
KEY WORDS FOR THEME
• American Dream • Change and Transformation • Choices and Consequences • Wealth and Poverty • Identity • Sex
The
Financier (1912)金融家
The Titan (1914)巨人
The Stoic(1947)斯多葛
• Theห้องสมุดไป่ตู้“Genius” (1915)天才
MAIN WORKS
• An American Tragedy (1925)美国的悲剧 • The Bulwark (1946)堡垒
Free and Other Stories 1918
WRITING STYLE
Dreiser's novels are formless at times and awkwardly written, and his characterization is found deficient and his prose pedestrian and dull, yet his very energy proves to be more than a compensation. Dreiser's stories are always solid and intensely interesting with their simple but highly moving characters. Dreiser is good at employing the journalistic method of reiteration to burn a central
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Sister Carrie
• Polts • Characters • Themes
Plots
• Sister Carrie tells the story of two characters: Carrie Meeber,an ordinary girl who rises from a low-paid wage earner to a high-paid actress,and George Hurstwood,a member of the upper middle class who falls from his cmfortable lifestyle to a life on the streets.Neither Carrie nor Hurstwood earn their fates through virtyre or vice,but rather through random circumstance.Their successes and failures have no moral value;this stance marks Sister Carrie as a departure from the conventional literature of the period.
Characters
• Carrie Meeber • Charlie Drouet
• George Hurstwood
Carrie Meeber
• Caroline Meeber,the protagonist of the novel,travels to the Chicago to stay with her sister and her brother-in-law.The world of Chicago enthralls her,and she constantly wants to buy things.Her first job is a low-paid,arduous position in a factory.When she loses her job,she sister abd brother-in-law cannot support her,so she becomes Charlie Drouet's mistress.Afterward,she becomes infatuated with another man,George Hurstwood.Carrie and Hurstwood run to New York,where they discover that married life is far less exciting than their affair.Carrie leaves Hurstwood because he fails to provide her with the lavish life she wants.She becomes a famous,high-paid actress in New York city.
But she is not contented,because with wealth and fame,she still finds herself lonely.She knows that her concept of what constitutes happiness has been inadequate.This finding is a manifestation of her dstinctive difference from other wealthy people:Carrie is,by nature,not a bad girl.She is a product of the society,a realization of the theory that the fittest survive.
Nature,not social ideas,has formed Carrie Meeber.She entrusts herself first to Drouet,then to Hurstwood,not not as an opportunist,but out of force circumstance.She is just like a feather in the wind.Fortunate enough,she follows the right direction to a pursuit of the American Dream.Circumstances and herdesires for a better life direct her to the successful goal.
In 1911--Jennie Gerhardt was published.
In 1912--Sister Carrie was republished. On December 28,1945 in Hollywood,he died,aged 74.
Main Literary Works
• Sister Carrie (1900) 嘉莉妹妹 • Jennie Gerhardt(1911) 珍妮妹妹 • Trilogy of Desire( 欲望三部曲） The Financier(1912) 金融家 The Titan (1914)巨人 The Stoic(posthumously)斯多葛 The Genius(1915)天才 An American Tragedy (1925)美国的悲剧 Dreiser Looks at Russia (1928) 德莱赛对俄罗斯的观感
• If Carrie is the positive conviction of the theory that the fittest survuve,then Hurstwood is negative evidence.He is driven by his instinctive drives and elopes with Carrie to a new environment.He is still conventional and cannot throw abruptly away the long-held social morals.Therefore he is not fitted to live in New ork.He has failed because he leaves his original place.His tragedy is the triumphs of the natural desires and of the theory that the fitest survive.
Theodore Dreiser
1871--1945
Catalogue
• Life of Dreiser • Works of Dreiser • Work Analysis of Sister Carrie • Writing styles of Dreiser • Evaluation on Theodore Dreiser
Charlie Drouet
Charlie Drouet is a charming,flashy(浮华的）salesman with a strong appetite for romance.Although he is warm-hearted,he never takes any of his romantic affaurs seriously.He provides Carrie with a place to stay after she is forced to stop living with her sister;he also promises to marry her,but he never really intends to.He loses Carrie to Hurstwood and then,years later,after she has become a famous actress,tries unsuccessfully to win her back.
Dreiser's Writing Style
Without good construction Deficient characterization Lack in imagination Simple words Journalistic method of reiteration Techniques in painting (word-picture,sharp contrast ,truth in color,movement in outline)
Evaluation on Theodore Dreiser
1.Dreiser has been a controversial figure in American literary history. His work are powerful in their portrayal of the changing American life,but his style is considered crude.He showed a new way of presenting reality and inspired the writers of the 1920s with courage and insight.It is in Dreiser's works that American naturalism is said to have come of age. 2.He embraced social Darwinsm.He learned to regard man as merely an animal driven by greed and lust in a struggle for existence in which only the fittest,the most ruthless,survive.Human tragedy comes as a result of the collision between man's biological needs and society's ruthless manipulation.