高考英语一轮复习话题阅读素材29
备考2024届高考英语一轮复习第一部分应用文写作专题一热点话题素材4饮食降
热点话题4 饮食健康1.ha v e brunch 吃早午餐2.fast food快餐3.junk food垃圾食品4.takeaway/takeout外卖食品5.cook at home在家做饭6.eat out 在餐馆吃，在外就餐7.delicious meals美味佳肴8.taste good/bad好吃/难吃9.be rich in v itamins/nutrition... 富含维生素/营养……10.be high in fat/sugar/salt高脂肪/高糖/高盐11.be/go on a diet节食12.skip breakfast不吃早餐13.be particular about food挑食14.be good for/harmful to health有益于/有害健康15.put on/gain weight增加体重16.lose weight减肥17.be in poor health健康状况不好18.increase the risk of disease增加患病风险19.keep fit/healthy/slim保持健康/苗条20.build sb.up增强某人的体质21.damage/harm your health损害你的健康22.break down （身体）垮掉23.a v aried diet 多样化饮食24.keep/ha v e a balanced diet保持/拥有均衡饮食25.ha v e meals on time按时吃饭26.take three meals a day on time按时吃一日三餐27.rearrange your diet重新安排你的饮食28.maintain a healthy weight保持健康的体重29.consume a wide v ariety of fresh food吃多种多样的新鲜食物30.ha v e more meals a day but less food at each少食多餐31.eat plenty of fresh fruits and v egetables 多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜32.cut down on sweets 少吃甜食1.Ha v ing a balanced diet is a practical method of li v ing healthily. 拥有均衡的饮食是一种健康生活的实用方法。
高考英语一轮复习读后续写精讲精练：读后续写素材3(动作描写)
读后续写素材(动作描写)【素材1】The Eagles’ captain knocked the ball to the ground with his hand,and then kicked it and scored.The referee blew the whistle;the match was over and the Eagles had won.老鹰队的队长用手把球撞倒在地,然后踢了一脚,得分了。
裁判吹响了哨子,比赛结束了,老鹰队赢了。
【素材2】Hearing the familiar voice,Mary stopped her pace.She turned around,and staggered forward a few steps.She found it was her elder brother.So excited,she jumped up and threw her arms around the man’s neck.She buried her face in his shoulder and sobbed for a few moments.Then she said in a loud and excited voice.听到熟悉的声音,玛丽停下了脚步。
她转过身来,摇摇晃晃地向前走了几步。
她发现那是她哥哥。
她非常兴奋,跳起来,双臂搂住了那个男人的脖子。
她把脸埋在他的肩膀上,抽泣了一会儿。
然后她激动地大声说。
【素材3】Jack enjoyed watching his lure dance in the water. Holding his breath, he was waiting for a bite patiently.All of a sudden, he felt the pole moving.He quickly dragged the pole with all his might.The moment he saw the big fish, he was wild with joy.杰克喜欢看他的鱼饵在水里跳舞。
高考英语一轮复习读后续写精讲精练：读后续写素材4(环境描写)
【素材3】It was raining and cold when we went out to eat.We found a small restaurant poorly decorated for the holiday.Only five tables in the restaurant were taken.There were two German couples, two French families and an American sailor, by himself.They were eating in stony silence except the sailor.While eating, he was writing a letter, and a half-smile lit up his face.In the corner a piano player was listlessly playing Christmas music. 我们出去吃饭时,天正在下雨,很冷。我们发现一家小餐馆装修得很差,不适合过节。 餐馆里只有五张桌子被占满了。有两对德国夫妇,两个法国家庭和一个美国水手, 独自一人。除了那个水手,大家都在沉默地吃东西。他边吃边写信,脸上露出了一 丝微笑。一个钢琴师在角落里无精打采地弹奏着圣诞乐曲。
【素材6】“I’ll tell you in the morning,” she said.“When the first light comes into the sky and the sparrows stir and the cows rattle their chains, when the rooster crows and the stars fade, when early cars whisper along the highway, you look up here and I’ll show you something.”“我明天早上再告诉你,”她说。“当第一缕曙光出现在天空中, 麻雀跳来跳去,母牛咔塔咔塔地摇着它们的链子,当公鸡鸣叫,星星隐没,当早班车 在高速公路上发出声响时,你抬头看这里,我会给你看一样东西。”
2024年新高考英语一轮复习专题 28 语法填空高频话题 (地理环境与环境保护)(含答案解析)
专题28 语法填空高频话题(地理环境与环境保护)1.（广东省河源市开学联考2023-2024学年高三联考试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 22 marks the annual International Day for Biological Diversity, 1 theme for this year is “From Agreement to Action: Build Back Biodiversity”. Nearly half of the global GDP output is related 2 biological diversity. Nearly 40 percent of the global population makes their living on marine or coastal biodiversity.China is one of the world’s most biologically 3 (diversity) countries. China is home to the world’s third largest number of higher plant species with 35,000, 4 (account) for the world’s 10 percent of the category. The country also owns 686 species of mammals and 5 largest number of unique mammal species. China has 24.02 percent of 6 (it) territory covered by forest and 7 (top) the fifth globally in terms of forest resource coverage.From the perspective of the world, however, the numbers of wild animals in Africa and the Asia-Pacific region have dropped 66 percent and 55 percent 8 (respective) due to habitat degradation (恶化), development and pollution, climate change and diseases. The threat that worldwide biological diversity is under is worsening as 41 percent of the world’s amphibians, 26 percent of the mammals and 14 percent of birds are facing extinction.What are we supposed to do? Don’t eat, purchase wild animals. Reduce using plastic 9 (item). Save water and power. Reduce 10 (consume) of domestic paper. Plant trees and forests.【答案】1．whose 2．to 3．diverse 4．accounting 5．the 6．its 7．tops 8．respectively 9．items 10．consumption【导语】本文是一篇说明文。
备考2024届高考英语一轮复习第一部分应用文写作专题一热点话题素材3人际关系
热点话题3 人际关系1.true/real friends真正的朋友2.de v elop/strengthen/maintain/treasure a friendship发展/巩固/维持/珍惜友谊3.be/feel happy/sorry for sb.为某人感到开心/难过4.borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物5.lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人6.exchange ideas with sb. 与某人交流想法7.get along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽8.in v ite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事9.share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某事物10.share joys and sorrows同甘共苦11.wish you great success祝你取得巨大的成功12.be patient with...对……有耐心13.be tolerant of...包容……14.be grateful to...感激……15.take care of/look after 照顾16.turn to sb. for help向某人求助17.help sb. out帮助某人摆脱困境18.show respect for... 向……表示尊重19.gi v e sb. encouragement and support给予某人鼓励与支持20.li v e up to one’s exp ectations不辜负某人的期望21.a harmonious family和睦的家庭22.know each other better更好地互相了解23.build a better relationship with sb.与某人建立更好的关系24.repay them with practical actions用实际行动报答他们25.quarrels and conflicts争吵和冲突26.calm down冷静下来27.ne v er be rude决不要粗鲁28.disagree with sb. 与某人产生分歧29.be terribly sorry十分抱歉30.make an apology for sth./apologize for sth. 因某事道歉1.In our daily study and life， it is our classmates that keep us company.We grow up together so we should attach great significance to the relationship with other classmates. 在我们的日常学习和生活中，是我们的同学陪伴着我们。
2020届高考英语一轮阅读理解热门话题针对训练-人生感悟类
人生感悟类1、Every January for the past 20 years, I have taken a few moments to ponder(思考) the answer to the big question, “What is the meaning of life?”It’s one of those enormous questions that areso important—philosophically(哲理地) and practically in terms of how we live our lives—and yet we never stop to really think about the answer. If you might be able to get your response in less than a minute, the wisdom-to-effort rate for this exercise could not be more advantageous. I tend to ponder such things as the creator of the Wisdom Project, a collection of writings about the wisdom in everyday life experiences.The reason I ask this question year after year is that my answer changes over time, which I find interesting and meaningful. There is no only correct answer, I believe—only answers that are right for you at any given time.My favorite answer, though, is the Zen-like circular reasoning attributed to writer Robert Byrne, who put it, "The purpose of life is a life of purpose." Some people have concluded that lifers meaning is subjective. "There is not one big universal meaning for all,” author Anais Nin wrote in her diary. "There is only the meaning we each give to our life, an individual meaning, an individual plot, like an individual novel, a book for each person."Taking a few moments to record your response to the question "What is the meaning of life?" is the kind of simple exercise that effectively adds meaning to your life. And then I suggest answering it every year. Looking back at how your thinking has evolved and been influenced by experience tells you something more about yourself. Cumulatively (累积地), it gets you closer to a deeper self-understanding.Whatever small step you take toward finding the meaning of life is a step toward a more meaningful and longer life.1.Why does the author ask the question every year?A.To get the response in less than a minute.B.To get the correct answer to the meaning of life.C.To find different answers interesting and meaningful.D.To leam the wisdom in everyday life experiences by himself.2.What have the examples of Robert Byrne and Anais Nin proved?A.Our life should be a life of purpose.B.The answer of the two persons is the best one.C.Everyone has his or her own answer at any given time.D.Life’s meaning is philosophically and practically important.3.What does the author suggest people do about adding meaning to your life?A.Try asking others about what their opinions are.B.Understand yourself more by answering it every year.C.looking back at your life influences your meaning of life.D.Write down their responses to the question and do more exercise.4.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Everyone should ask the meaning of life.B.Life is meaningful when you find an answer.C.Life changes when we begin to find its meaning.D.Live a more meaningful and longer life.2、I remember a day when I was a little kid. I was making a sandwich in the kitchen when I noticed the date on one of the wine (白酒) bottles.“Dad, dad!” I cried. “This wine is too old to drink.”“Son, hold on,” he said.“No, you can't drink this tonight! This bottle of wine was made 10 years ago.”“Wait, let me tell you…”“Would you like me to throw it away from you?” I asked.“Son, wait a second,” he said. “Son, some wi nes get better over time. The longer you wait to drink it, the better it will be. Although this may seem strange, it is true.”When I was young, I didn't have any understanding of what this meant, but now, this would have been very helpful to remember as I went through my teenage years.In our society, we forget this simple rule: the longer you want for certain things, the better they will be. But we want the best job as quickly as possible; we want to graduate from college in as few years as possible; we even speed through our homework just to chat with friends. When we do this, we lose something of great importance.We all want to get to the next step so quickly that perhaps we don't get ready enough to get there. This has a negative effect on our society. When trying to go to the right college, we will do anything to get in and when we rush through our classwork, we may not study enough for the test, and end up failing. We need to be ready for whatever comes, ready for the unexpected. Wine gets better over time, so do the things in our paths of life.1. Why did the author tell his father not to drink the bottle of wine?A. Because it smelt terrible.B. Because it was mixed with something else.C. Because his father drank too much that night.D. Because it had been kept for years.2. What the author's father said_________.A. made the author puzzled when he was a little childB. was too simple a rule to be meaningful to the authorC. threw the author into deep thought thenD. was an excuse to drink the wine3. In the author's opinion, if we do things too quickly, we will________.A. do it betterB. save much timeC. graduate from college more quicklyD. miss something important to us in life4. Which of the following best reflects the main idea of the passage?A. Well begun is half done.B. More haste（匆忙）, less speed.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heat.3、Stop wasting your time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.Instead, realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born. Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.The seeds, and the power to grow them, are contained in the human mind. Success is a choice and not a chance. You can be a success if only you make the right choice.You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem (自尊). Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself, and thus over your life. People with low self-esteem do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their life. They are leaves tossed (摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for whatever happens in your life. Losers think that everything happens by accident while successful people realize that they are responsible.Everything happens as a result of something. If we can identify the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we consciously choose to accept and believe. Thoughts and beliefs cause everything. Our attitudes and actions are a result of habits ingrained in us over a period of time. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success depends upon our level of confidence. We are responsible for either reinforcing (强化) good habits or kicking bad habits and consciously replacing them with consistently practiced good habits.If you associate with positive-thinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success. On the contrary, the opposite happens. We are responsible for finding, planting, and nurturing (培育) the seeds that contain future victory, born from setbacks.In short, in all areas of your life, whether they are financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this, accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.1. People with low self-esteem are compared to leaves because they ________.A. are ready to change their mindsB. are easily affected by windy weatherC. don’t have the power to face their fateD. can’t exercise control overthemselves2. Losers would think that ________.A. success is the result of hard workB. working hard will lead to successC. their failure is only because of bad luckD. they don’t make efforts to succeed3. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that ________.A. whether we will succeed depends on our attitudesB. developing confidence is the key to future successC. thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mindD. setting our expectations is essential before taking action4. The last paragraph serves as ________.A. the proof of the author’s pointsB. th e conclusion of the argumentC. an introduction to another topicD. a comparison between two views5. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Success Is a ChoiceB. The Secrets of SuccessC. Develop Our ConfidenceD. How to Achieve Success4、Ask any of my stepchildren and they'll agree: The quickest way to produce a long and angry shout is to complain, “It’s not fair!” I can go on and on about how fairness has nothing to do with who gets the slightly larger cookie, and how important it is tobe gratitude for all of the incredible privileges we have. And yet, I displayed right by those inspiring quotes about thankfulness posted by family and friends on Facebook. I've laughed at the concept of keeping a gratitude journal, a daily diary of things in my life to be thankful for, as seen on Oprah and in many studies about happiness. (Despite all the evidence to recommend it, keeping one just doesn’t feel like me.)But according to a recent study, people who practise gratitude are more joyful and optimistic and less lonely. I would love to experience all of those things, so why do I get all sick inside when I hear about practising gratitude? The biggest reason is that it sometimes feels slightly dishonest.Earlier this year, though, I decided it was time to give gratitude a real chance; I wanted to see firsthand if it would change my outlook. Then, a stream of terrible things happened—it felt like every night on the news there was another tragedy, and it felt like the whole world was going to ruin. Putting aside a few minutes a day to think about all the awesome tilings in my life felt both unimportant and disrespectful. But I sat down and tried it. While I wouldn't go as far as a journal, I did try to spend a few minutes each day feeling thankful.And something clicked. Allowing myself small moments of gratitude didn’t feel as tired as I thought it would; it felt uplifting, even restorative. I realized that gratitude as a goal still makes me change. Appreciating what we have can help us understand what other people are, both far away and closer to home.1.Why does the author mention the story of his stepchildren?A.To introduce the topic of the text.B.To express they are specially naughty.C.To show how fair he is to them.D.To present the benefits of practicing gratitude.2.What was the author's attitude to practising gratitude in daily life in the beginning?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Ambiguous.D.Relaxed.3.How did the author feel when actually practising gratitude earlier this year?A.Spiritless.B.Respectful.C.Amused.D.Proud.4.What does the author mean by saying "And something clicked", in the last paragraph?A.The changes happened to him.B.The living conditions got worse.C.Small moments were valuable.D.The help was timely and important.5、I am often homesick. I have learned something about myself from it. I moved from Long Island to Florida three years ago. Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, an uncontrollable urge wells up to return to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse. Instead of enjoying Florida’s milder winters, I willingly bear the severe weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.I’m like a migratory bird (候鸟) that has lost its sense of timing and direction, my wings flapping against season.So what makes me fly against the tide of snowbirds? The answer has a lot to do with my reluctance to give up the things that define who I am. Once I hear that the temperature on Long Island has dipped into the range of 40 to 50 degrees, I begin to long for the sight and crackling sound of a wood fire. I also long for the bright display of colors-first in the fall trees, and then in the lights around homes and at Rockefeller Center. Floridians decorate, too, but can’t create the special feel of a New England winter.I suppose the biggest reason why I return is to celebrate the holidays with people I haven’t seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey dinner, or watching neighbors’ children excitedly open gifts on Christmas? Even the first snowfall seems special. I especially enjoy seeing a bright red bird settling on a snow-covered branch. (My wife and I spend winters at a retirement community in Ridge, and I’m grateful that I don’t have to shovel.)While these simple pleasures are not unique to Long Island, they are some of the reasons why I come back. Who says you can’t go home?1.What’s the difference between Flo rida and Long Island?A.Winters in Florida are milder.B.The snowbirds in Florida are rarer.C.Weather in Florida is severer.D.Florida is nearer to the ocean.2.What does the underlined word “reluctance” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Coincidence.B.Expectation.C.Unwillingness.D.Motivation.3.Which of the following words can best describe the author?A.Homesick and easy-going.B.Hard-working and serious.C.Imaginative and outspoken,D.Anxious and painful.4. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?A.To describe his dream to be a free bird.B.To express his feeling of missing his hometown.C.To praise the beauty and warmth of his family life.D.To explain the reasons for moving from his hometown.6、I was visiting Costa Rica when I found myself in a bad situation： my credit cards and hank cards weren’t working abroad，and I only had $ 5. I didn’t know anybody in the country. And the only possession I had was a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks. Back then, there were no such things as mobile phones，and some Internet cafes charged much for a very slow connection.I thought to myself that if I went to a countryside, maybe I would find kind people. With my remaining coins, I headed to the bus terminal and arrived at Santa Rosa. It was midnight. There were no streetlights as it was very rural. I went knocking door to door，explaining with my very poor Spanish that I was Japanese, and I was in Costa Rica with no money but I needed to stay here for two more weeks before I could go back. Everybody replied saying，“Oh my gosh，but we are so poor. We have no space and no extra food.”Finally，I arrived at a Chinese restaurant. The owner of the restaurant was incredibly kind. She heard my story and really empathized. She said that her sonwent to Europe many years ago and had a similar experience. At that time，some other people were very kind to him，and she remembered how warm that made her feel. She invited me in，gave me food, and called the Red Cross to rescue me. I spent my remaining days in Costa Rica with the head of Red Cross.I’ve travelled all over the world and been to over 50 countries. But this was one of the best trips，the best two weeks, I had ever had in my travelling life.I realized that when you re in a position to be able to receive，it actually makes people feel happier. Being able to receive kindness is a gift for other people as well.1.What difficulty did the writer have while visiting Costa Rica?A.She had no money to buy a return ticket.B.She lost her mobile phone.C.She didn’t know anybody in the country.D.She almost had no money on her.2.Why was the writer's request refused by some people in Santa Rosa?A.Because they were careful and afraid of strangers.B.Because they were too poor to offer the writer what she needed.C.Because they couldn’t understand what the writer said to them.D.Because they couldn’t stand the long stay of the writer.3.What made the owner of the Chinese restaurant accept the writer?A.The owner's kindness and sympathy.B.The writer’s moving story.C.The owner's son's experience.D. The close relationship between the writer and the owner's son.4.What does the writer aim to convey to the readers with her experience?A.She had a great time in Costa Rica.B.Helping others makes people feel happy.C.Receiving kindness makes people feel happy.D.Money is a good servant but a bad master.答案1、1.C; 2.C; 3.B; 4.C解析：1.细节理解题。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习：主谓一致讲解课件(共29张)
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
(1) 语法一致原则：主谓在语法形式上一致，即单复数形式相同。 f. 国家、机构、事件、作品等专有名词作主语，视为单数。
真题解析
【2017阅读】 The proliferation of testing in schools has become one of the most contentious topics in U.S. education.
【句意】学校考试的泛滥已经成为美国教育中最具争议的话题之一。
主谓一致 Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
(1) 语法一致原则：主谓在语法形式上一致，即单复数形式相同。 d. 名词+of 所有格作主语，谓语单复数视前面的核心名词而定。
The colors of the rainbow _______(be) beautiful.
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致 (Subject-Verb Agreement) 指 谓语动词 在人称和数上 要和 主语 保持一致。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 ：主谓 一致讲 解课件 （共29 张）
2020高考英语一轮复习语法第29讲：主谓一致
主谓一致在英语表达中，句子中的谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，我们称之为“主谓一致”。
要做到主谓一致，除了要考虑句中主语的人称和数的变化外，还要考虑到谓语动词的时态和语态的变化。
在这一章中，以主语的变化为主导，引出谓语的可归纳性变化。
主要从并列结构作主语时与谓语的一致和单一主语情况下对谓语的要求，以及其他一些特殊情况下的主谓一致三部分讲解。
典型例句：1.Either he or I am wrong.不是他错了，就是我错了。
2.The singer and dancer comes from Shanghai.那位歌舞演员来自上海。
3.A number of students like playing football.许多学生喜欢踢足球。
一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and连接主语时由and连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或者代词作主语时，要根据并列主语所表达的意义或概念来确定谓语动词的单复数形式，可以分为下列几种情况。
A.并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.李明和张华是好学生。
Like many others,the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there is search of gold.像许多其他人一样，这个小流浪汉和这个顽皮的小男孩儿也赶到那儿去寻找金子。
Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.这个地区种植大米和小麦。
（切记：both...and...结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
）B.并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。
高三英语一轮复习：读后续写情感、动作描写语料积累素材
读后续写--情感、动作描写语料积累一、情感描写词汇积累二、动作描写佳句积累描写与“脸”有关的动作高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。
一、备考策略务必精准高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。
一是细化“作战地图”。
从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。
各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。
二是组织集体攻坚。
发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。
学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。
三是找准学科增分点。
认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，找准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。
英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，找到质量提升的突破口。
二、课堂教学务必高效。
课堂是教育教学是主阵地。
高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。
一是上好微专题课。
春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。
这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。
高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。
微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。
高考英语一轮复习读后续写主旨升华必背提分金句(共八大类)清单
高考英语读后续写主旨升华必背提分金句一、历险脱困历险脱困类也是高考读后续写曾涉及的主题，如2020年浙江高考的拍摄北极熊遇险；2018年的父子骑马迷路；2017年的骑车游玩遇狼脱险。
【情节构思】第一步：描写环境的恶劣＋不安、绝望或恐惧的情绪第二步：转机描写描写听见或看见了什么＋情绪描写（希望＋努力）第三步：脱险描写＋情绪描写（感恩＋高兴）+主旨升华【主旨升华】1.My brother and I harvested a meaningful exploration and really a brand new weekend.我和哥哥收获了一次有意义的探索，这真是一个全新的周末。
2.Our being lost added a special taste to my adventurous vacation which I would remember all my life.我们的迷路给我的冒险假期增添了一份特别的滋味，我将终生难忘。
3.(2020·浙江卷) Grabbing the camera, I dashed out and snapped valuable pictures of the escaping bear, making the trip unforgettable for the whole life.我抓起相机冲了出去，拍下了这只逃跑的熊的珍贵照片，使这次旅行终生难忘。
4.Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before.The special trip to the Wild West was deeply impressed in my mind.我以前从未度过如此惊险而又危险的假期。
这次西部大荒之旅给我留下了深刻的印象。
5.Feeling fortunate, I made up my mind to cherish life and not to try such adventure again.我庆幸之余决定珍惜生命，不再冒这样的险。
高考英语一轮复习 话题晨背 日积月累增分无形 话题三 兴趣与爱好素材 新人教版
话题三兴趣与爱好子话题(一) 娱乐休闲①hobby n．业余爱好②entertainment n. 娱乐③recreation n. 娱乐，消遣④enjoyment n. 享受；令人愉快的事⑤amateur n. 业余爱好者⑥drama n. 戏剧⑦opera n. 歌剧⑧Peking opera 京剧⑨ball n. 舞会⑩ballet n. 芭蕾舞⑪drawing n. 绘画⑫cooking n. 烹饪⑬enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的⑭delighted adj. 高兴的⑮pleasant adj. 令人愉快的⑯play cards 打扑克⑰play chess 下棋⑱play bridge 打桥牌⑲go to the theater 去看戏⑳see a film/movie 看电影21chat online 在线聊天○22play games 玩游戏○23make friends/epals 交友/交网友○24in one’s spare time 在某人的业余时间○25be interested in/have a taste for 对……感兴趣○26develop an interest in 在……方面发展兴趣○27be fond of 喜欢……○28be keen on 喜欢……○29suit one’s taste 符合某人的嗜好○30be crazy about 对……着迷○31be fascinated by 对……着迷○32prefer ... to ... 比……更喜欢……○33be addicted to 对……上瘾○34abandon oneself to 沉迷于……○35listen to pop/classical/country music○听流行/古典/乡村音乐子话题(二) 户外活动①travelling n. 旅游②jogging n. 慢跑③surfing n. 冲浪④gardening n. 园艺⑤sailing n. 航海⑥barbecue n. 烤肉野餐⑦exploration n. 探险，探测，勘探⑧go boating 划船⑨go fishing 钓鱼⑩go hiking 去远足⑪go camping 去野营⑫go skiing 去滑雪⑬go skating 去滑冰⑭go hunting 去打猎⑮climb mountains 爬山⑯take pictures 拍照⑰take photographs 摄影⑱rock climbing 攀岩子话题(三) 收藏①collec tion n．收藏品，收集物②antique n. 古董③treasure n. 金银财宝，财富④variety n. 种种，种类⑤attraction n. 吸引，爱慕⑥attract vt. 吸引，引起⑦possess vt. 占有，拥有⑧worth adj. 有……的价值，值得……的⑨worthless adj. 没有价值，没有用的⑩precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的⑪valuable adj. 值钱的，贵重的⑫priceless adj. 无价的⑬collect stamps/coins 集邮/收藏古币⑭have an eye for 对……有鉴赏力⑮be popular with 受……的欢迎⑯cultivate one’s mind 陶冶某人的情操1．Collecting stamps not only gives me great satisfaction but also helps me relax under the pressure of studies.集邮不仅使我得到极大的满足，而且帮助我缓解学习中的压力。
外研版高考英语一轮总复习 晨背语料 第三部分 话题满分素材积累 主题一 人与自我
原谅和好 3.I stood up and reached out to hug her,“I am sorry,too.I should have been more generous.” 我站起来,伸出手去拥抱她:“我也很抱歉。我应该更大方些。” 4.I realized I should apologize to Jack,even if he didn’t want to be my friend again. 我意识到我应该向杰克道歉,即使他不想再做我的朋友。 5.Looking into his eyes,I made an apology,explaining I had misunderstood him. 我看着他的眼睛,向他道歉说我误会了他。
3.He tiptoed to reach for the doll,and like a responsible elder brother,handed the precious doll to his sister. 他踮着脚尖去够娃娃,像一个负责任的哥哥,把珍贵的娃娃递给妹妹。 4.Amanda felt her heart was as gray as the sky when she looked across the table at her sister. 当她看着桌子对面的妹妹时,阿曼达感觉她的心情像天空一样灰暗。 5.Looking at Jackson,Carter couldn’t help picturing his little brother spending the whole day carefully painting the car. 看着杰克逊,卡特忍不住想象他的弟弟花一整天的时间小心涂好那辆车的 情景。
主题一 人与自我
2024届高三英语一轮复习：读后续写遇险类 雪地遇险 讲义素材
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When he was a child, Mike often got sick and had few friends. His parents often encouraged him to do more sports. As he grew up, he became interested in mountain climbing. When he was 14, he climbed his first mountain—a 3,600-foot peak. And at that time, he was a bit overweight and breathless when he reached the summit. But he was hooked by the challenge of conquering bigger mountains. Since then, he’d climbed nearly 50 peaks and met many friends.He usually went climbing with his friend David, whom he met while climbing a mountain. Two years ago, on November 28, when he was 16, Mike and David drove to Oregon to challenge Mount Hood —11,130 feet.Both of them were prepared. Starting winter climbing at night is safer because there’s less risk of the sun melting the snow. That day, they started at 2 a.m., following trails along the ski runs. The temperature was about 8 degrees, and they wore easy layers that they could easily take off, knowing hiking in the snow would keep them warm.After about 4 hours, they reached Devil’s Kitchen, a plain at about 10,000 feet, just before the final push to the peak. However, the wind conditions here were poor. Mike’s exposed skin felt as though it were burning, but David and Mike were not discouraged and kept ahead. They were prepared and longing for the climb.The trail they followed grew narrower and steeper. At around 8 a.m., they reached a patch (小块) of ice called an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall and sloped (倾斜) at a 70-degree angle.Mike volunteered to go first. He placed his right foot on the ice step. When he set his foot on it, it remained good. Confident he was safe, he put all his weight on it. Suddenly, he heard a crack, and a whole slab (片) of ice broke off the step, right under his foot.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。
2018年高考英语一轮复习 话题语篇专攻练29 新闻媒体(一)外研版
话题语篇专攻练29新闻媒体(一)(建议用时40分钟)Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2017·潍坊模拟) Xiaoice, Microsoft’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.“Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice, ”Liu Jinchang, a re searcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis(表情符号)in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic con sultant at Australia’s Deakin University, answering students’questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users.These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a“Samantha”, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction filmHer. In the film, Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.【文章大意】本文讲述的是人工智能程序的发展情况, 列举了微信上的聊天程序大受欢迎,IBM的人工智能程序能成为顾问, 但是目前这种程序主要应用在智能手机上, 人们期待它将来可以在手机以外的地方使用。
高考英语阅读与写作主题素材储备：急救相关专题 清单 高三英语上学期一轮复习专项
高考英语阅读与写作主题素材储备：急救，善举拯救生命主题感知·素养解读掌握急救知识对个人极有益处。
很多人并没有意识到急救知识的重要性，总认为那是专业医护人员的工作。
然而，在紧急情况下，赛跑的不仅是时间，还有普通人的急救知识。
采用急救措施能在专业医疗支援到来前，为伤患者争取到宝贵的时间。
在一些情况下，比如心搏骤停，如果能立即进行心肺复苏，伤患者的存活率可以大幅度提高。
急救知识应当是每个人必须掌握的知识，我们应共同构建一个更加有爱心和安全的社会环境。
主题应用Ⅰ.主题单词1.基础急救词汇casualty 伤员victim 受害者incident 事件hazard 危险response 响应；反应triage 伤员鉴别分类prioritize 优先处理consciousness 意识shock 休克bleeding 出血fracture 骨折burn 烧伤dressing 敷料2.急救处理和技术bandage 用绷带包扎splint 用夹板固定suture 缝合decontamination 净化amputation 截肢dislocation 脱位sterilization 灭菌evacuation 疏散sedation 药物镇静3.医疗条件和紧急情况abrasion 擦伤处laceration 撕裂伤contusion 挫伤hemorrhage 出血unconsciousness 无意识asphyxiation 窒息hypothermia 低体温症frostbite 冻伤hypoglycemia 低血糖症hyperglycemia 高血糖症epilepsy 癫痫anaphylaxis 过敏反应4.急救设备和用品sanitizer 消毒杀菌剂splints 夹板scissors 剪刀tweezers 镊子gloves 手套Ⅱ.主题短语gauze pad 纱布垫adhesive tape 胶带emergency response 紧急响应life support 维持生命rescue breathing 人工呼吸sudden collapse 突然倒下recovery position 复苏体位chest compression 胸部按压thermal burn 热烧伤chemical burn 化学烧伤superficial burn 表皮烧伤partial thickness burn 局部厚度烧伤full thickness burn 全厚度烧伤inhalation injury 吸入性创伤topical treatment 局部治疗respiratory rate 呼吸频率allergic reaction 过敏反应assess the injury or condition 评估伤势或状况attend to the victim's needs 关注受害者的需求avoid moving the injured unnecessarily 避免不必要地移动受伤者bandage the wound 包扎伤口call for help immediately 立即呼叫求助check airway,breathing,and circulation 检查气道、呼吸和血液循环clear the area around the injured 清理受伤者周围的区域comfort the injured person 安慰受伤者establish an open airway 建立一个开放的气道evacuate injured persons if necessary 如有必要，疏散受伤者Ⅲ.主题美句1.If an accident occurs and someone injures his/her leg,you should encourage him/her to remain still,and use a cloth or towel to apply pressure to wounds to slow thebleeding while waiting for medical help.如果发生意外有人腿部受伤，你应该让他/她保持静止，并在等待医疗救助的同时，使用布或毛巾对伤口施压以减缓出血。
备考2021年高考英语一轮复习29：情景交际套真题
备考2021年高考英语一轮复习29：情景交际一、单选题1. —Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.—______. I will.A . My pleasureB . No wonderC . Good pointD . Never mind2. —Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?—______. I’ll drive her there.A . Have a tryB . Don’t mention itC . Don’t botherD . Go ahead3. Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within two years.A . a wet blanketB . a piece of cakeC . a dark horseD . a hard nut to crack4. —Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.A . How come?B . So what?C . By all means.D . With pleasure.5. —Reading is the best way to kill time on the train.—________ I never go traveling without a book.A . You are joking.B . I don’t think so.C . That’s true.D . Don’t mention it.6. —Sir, could I turn in my homework assignment a bit late?—________, since you haven’t been well these days.A . You can’t be seriousB . Oh, all rightC . I’m afraid notD . Good idea7. —Have you heard that Jay Chou is singing his latest song in the concert?—_________ Aren’t you joking with me?A . That sounds great!B . Yes. I suppose it must be.C . Really?D . That’s a good idea.8. — Sorry to have hurt you.—________. You didn’t mean to, did you?A . Don’t worryB . Take it easyC . Don’t say soD . Forget it9. —I’ve been promoted to the director of HR and I’m wondering whether I can ask for a big pay rise.—________. After all, the economy is struggling these days.A . You can make it.B . Good for youC . You’ve gone too farD . It’s up to you10. —Look, some boys are doing hip pop.—________! The performance is great.A . CoolB . Not at allC . AbsolutelyD . Definitely11. —________, and every man his hour.—But mine seems a very long time coming.A . a cat has nine livesB . Rats desert a sinking shipC . Every dog has his dayD . Fine feathers make fine birds12. —Don’t be nervous when you have a CT picture taken, OK?—________A . Well, I won’ tB . That’s trueC . Yes, I’d love toD . OK, I will13. — Hi, do you know roadside food stalls are back?— _________？They were banned to keep the cities clean.A . Who caresB . What ifC . How comeD . Why bother14. Lisa complained it was _______, having to go upstairs to make the coffee every time.A . as clear as dayB . a shot in the darkC . a pain in the neckD . as easy as pie15. —If you don’t know how to deal with the problem, why not consult with Jim?—Good idea! ________ after all.A . Great minds think alikeB . Two heads are better than oneC . Every coin has two sidesD . A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush16. —We are going to have a picnic this afternoon. Are you excited?—________．A . You knowB . You betC . You name itD . You mean it17. —The loud music is really starting to get on my nerves.—________ I can’t focus my attention on my homework.A . I’ll bet.B . I got it .C . You have me there.D . You have my word.18. Everybody is ________ to hear that Xuzhou Metro Line 2 and Line 3 will be opened soon.A . on cloud nineB . on their last legsC . crossing their fingersD . killing the fatted calf19. —I lost five pounds just after a week on this new diet. It’s definitelyworth a try.—Right, _____. I definitely need to get in shape for my school reunion.A . You have my wordsB . I don’t buy itC . You’ve sold it to meD . I just can’t help it20. —It’s said that your family will move to another city, why?—________. The environment in this city is wonderful and relaxing.A . That dependsB . That’s for sureC . It’s not the caseD . It’s hard to say21. —The skirt is pretty indeed. Why don’t you like it, baby?—Well, _____.A . It’s none of your businessB . It’s out of my lineC .It’s too loudD . It’s got me beat22. —Linda, would you like to come and taste the dishes I have cooked?—Don’t ________. You even don’t know how to fry an egg.A . rain cats and dogsB . pull my legC . be all earsD . be all thumbs23. —You didn’t lose th e ticket, did you?—________. I know it’s not easy to get another one now.A . I’m afraid notB . I think soC . I hope notD . I hope so24. —It’s been raining for a whole week. I think it’ll get fine soon.— ________. We are getting into the rainy season now.A . Yes, it willB . Of course notC . It’s possibleD . It’s hard to say25. —Honey, what’s wrong? You look anxious.—Poor me! I didn’t read the contract fully before I signed it but I’m _______ now.A . counting the costB . hitting the ceilingC . beating my brains outD . beating around the bush26. —Look, I’m terribly sorry, but I can explain...—_______. You know what? I’ve had enough of your lame excuses.A . Cut it out.B . Forget it.C . I beg to differ.D . Don’t mention it.27. —If you place a larger order, we will increase the discount to 10%.—That would be nice！_______.A . It’s my treatB . That’s all rightC . You got me thereD . Let’s call it a deal28. At first, Eve was excited to inherit the farm, but it soon proved to be _______ she couldn’t afford, which would exhaust her fortune in hand.A . a black sheepB . a dark horseC . a white elephantD . a cold fish29. —Alice, remember to return the book tomorrow.—_______, I’ve already finished it.A . Take itB . Hit itC . Got itD . Forget it30. —I feel terrible. I didn’t do well in the math test.—_______. You’re already making progress and will surely learn it well.A . Don’t dream away your timeB . Don’t take things for grantedC . Don’t put the cart before the horseD . Don’t take it too hard31. Having failed in the driving test again, she’s fe eling a bit ______ and needs cheering up.A . once in a blue moonB . down in the dumpsC . as cool as a cucumberD . on top of the world32. —You don’t seem to be on good terms with your partner, Jack.—______. I’m not quite myself these days and don’t want to talk, that’s all.A . Not exactlyB . Not at allC . Never mindD . Not a little33. —Even if we have had advanced technology, we can’t bring dinosaurs back to life.—______. They died out long ago and their DNA was already destroyed.A . That’s itB . That’s all rightC . It dependsD . It’s up to you34. —I have just made great progress in learning to drive.—______!A . How luckyB . You betC . Cheer upD . Keep it up35. — ?—I got two tickets for the evening show, but they’re not in the same row.A . What c an I do for youB . May I have your nameC . What’s your pointD . Any luck at the booking office36. —The movie we saw last night was ridiculous.—Well, . I would probably see it again.A . I couldn’t agree moreB . I can’t believe it is trueC . I thought it was pretty goodD . I should have left early37. —I can’t remember his name clearly. Is it Brain Johnson?—Yes, ____________.A . you name itB . that’s the pointC . that’s itD . you deserve it38. —Do you allow your twelve－year－old son to travel alone at night?—________. I won’t expose him to a slight possibility of danger.A . Forget it.B . Go aheadC . Absolutely notD . By all means39. Mr Smith is ________. He always devotes his spare time to helping those in need.A . a black sheepB . a good SamaritanC . a dark horseD . a green hand40. —I think you’d better clean your room.—_________It’s clean enough.A . What for?B . So what?C . You said it.D . You made it.41. Some teenagers have independent tastes, but most tend to______.A . lose their headsB . spill the beansC . swim with the tideD . mend their ways:42. —Sorry, I’m having a headache today and ...—_______; I know you just don’t want to accompany me to the ball.A . Don’t give me thatB . Don’t mention itC . Don’t take it for grantedD . Don’t get me wrong43. After over two months of lockdown, taxi drivers in Wuhan say they are _____ even when caught in traffic jams.A . over the moonB . under a cloudC . white as a sheetD . green with envy44. —Could Martha afford the money to go on a trip abroad with us?—I’m afraid not. She is ________ at the moment.A . physically challengedB . between jobsC . not all thereD . all ears45. —I think there may be another way to handle the housing problem.—________. The floating cities are perhaps an innovative solution.A . I beg to differB . I think otherwiseC . You have me thereD . You have a point there46. —I used to make my father angry but now we’re getting along very well.—So I bet you were ________ when young.A . a black sheepB . a real weedC . a man in the streetD . a real little devil47. — You know how much I am missing the days before the outbreak of the coronavirus.—School, movies, gatherings, _______. We’ll soon be back on track.A . no kiddingB . come onC . you name itD . go for it48. —Wha t’s wrong? It seems that you are losing control of the situation.—___________Don’t stick your nose into my business.A . I have no idea.B . Let me alone!C . Are you kidding?D . Take your time!49. To our surprise, Mr. Johnson says he is ready to help us _______.A . on a shoestringB . in the darkC . at the drop of a hatD . over the moon50. The past couple of months have been difficult for me but I know they have been even more difficult for people just trying to _______.A . make ends meetB . tighten their beltC . call it a dayD . pull their leg。
健康环保类阅读 专项训练—2023届高考英语一轮复习(素材)
健康环保类阅读专项训练一、Human activity has shrunk the size of wild animals the world over, and yet recent research has found many mammals(哺乳动物) living near cities have become steadily larger, both in length and in weight. “That wasn’t what we expected to find at all,” says Robert Guralnick, who studies biodiversity informatics at the Florida Museum. Expanding urban environments grow much hotter than natural habitats, and warmer temperatures usually benefit mammals that have a smaller, more energy-saving figure--- a principle of biology known as Bergmann’s rule.As the world grows warmer, some scientists have worried that mammals living near cities are supposed to grow smaller, possibly reducing their fitness as a species and, no doubt, the fitness of being hunters, too. But even with climate change, that might not happen. As it turns out, there's another factor in determining a mammal's size that might compete with or even go beyond temperature, and that is food.In and around cities with large populations, where high-energy human foods are more widely available and hunters are fewer and farther. New research discovered that most of the mammal species appear to be growing in size, not shrinking. According to careful measurements of more than 100 species from North America, gathered from museum collections over the past 80 years, the main reason is not a city's temperature. Instead, the greatest increases in weight and body length appear to lie among those mammals that live near the most humans, regardless of how hot their surroundings are.As climate change grows worse, there is, of course, the possibility that that might change, but at least for now, it seems that wolves, deer, bats, and other mammals in North America could be affected more by city populations than city climates.If we want to preserve the mammals that exist today for the future, it’s important that we know how human civilization is shaping their size, behavior, and well-being. In a rapidly changing world, that knowledge could mean the difference between ongoing life and dying out.1.What finding does Robert Guralnick consider surprising?A.Urban environments are hotter than nature.B.The animals in natural habitats become smaller.C.Many mammals grow against Bergmann's rule.D.City temperatures cause animals to shrink in size2.Why do many mammals living near cities grow in size?A.They are well taken care of by zoo keepers.B.They have more foods and fewer threats.C.They are comfortable in warmer climates.D.They can easily hunt wild animals for food.3.What are we advised to do to protect the existing mammals?A.Provide healthy food to surrounding mammalsB.Limit the population in cities to a small number.C.Know how human civilization affects mammals.D.Help the mammals adjust to the changing climate.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Human Activity Has Shrunk the Size of AnimalsB.Global Warming Is Shaping the Future of MammalsC.Mammals in Nature Have a Better Chance to SurviveD.Many Mammals Living Near Cities Are Growing Bigger二、A unique curved(弯曲的)barrier has been designed by researchers at Imperial College London, who publish new findings in the journal Cities & Health on how the structure can protect people from the damaging effects of air pollution.The health concerns arising from lower air quality are more significant amongst lower-income communities which are more likely to be near roads with heavy traffic. Similarly, children are more readily exposed(接触)to air pollution simply because they live closer to the ground, where heavier pollutants settle over time.Dr Tilly Collins from Imperial's Centre for Environmental Policy found this issue particularly worrying, especially after noticing the severe pollution in the air while watching her child playing netball in a school playground alongside a busy London A-road. “l started researching the effect of walls along roads,”Dr Collins said. “It became evident that along the pedestrian(行人的)side of these roadside walls, there are vortexes(涡旋)where the air quality can actually be even worse as the pollutants get trapped in them.”Initially building off simple models, Dr Collins and Dr Huw Woodward, also from the Centre for Environmental Policy, explored ideas of urban design that would mitigate these vortex effects and improve air quality for pedestrians and especially children.Inspired by sound-walls alongside motorways in Germany and the Netherlands, there searchers found that curved structures would more effectively reflect pollutants back towards the roads and would very rapidly improve air quality for pedestrians in an inexpensive manner.When asked about the challenges faced during this project, Dr Collins said: “Initially, it was difficult to convince others to get on board. The focus is very much on successfully reducing smoke from cars, but there are things we can do now to protect our children.”“With increased attention being placed on the challenges associated with air pollution, there is a need for unique and effective urban design, and these curved barriers are able to handle these challenges head on, providing huge benefits to the general public," said Marcus Grant, editor in chief of Cities & Health .1.Why are children more likely to be victims of air pollution?A.They are shorter in height.B.They have bigger airways.C.They tend to breathe more slowly.D.They like playing near busy roads.2.What does the underlined word "mitigate" in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Monitor.B.Reduce.C.Predict.D.Explain.3.What do we know about the resea rchers’ design?A.It can reduce smoke from cars greatly.B.It can benefit urban traffic in some way.C.lt can limit pedestrians’ exposure to poor air.D.It can be used as sound-walls alongside motorways.4.What does Marcus Grant suggest about the project?A.It needs more attention from the public.B.It might come across many challenges.C.lt is very likely to have a bright future.D.It should be expanded in more industries.三、The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires, believing that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. Many of us can recall Smoky the Bear's famous warning: “Remember, only YOU can prevent forest fires”. However, that's not always the case. Under the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger, uncontrollable wildfires.After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into recently burned areas to feed on these newly available foods. Some reptiles and amphibians such as the pine (松树) snake prefer forests frequently burned by fire. As Herbert Stoddard put it, “One of the most harmful things modern man has done to birds has been his attempt to exclude fire from fire-type pine forests. Within a few years most forests choke up with bushes, lose their prairie-like vegetation (草原般植被) and can no longer support birds dependent on periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover.”If you are asked to picture the forest floor, what do you see? Pine needles, cones, leaves, branches might come to mind-all sources of fuel. If these fuel sources build up without any type of removal, the 'fuel load' can lead to fires catastrophic to forests and people alike. In contrast, prescribed fire can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at an appropriate and manageable level. They can also minimize the spread of pest insects and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote the growth of trees, wildflowers and other various plants.Many organizations and agencies work to promote fire on the landscape when and where appropriate. Smokey Bear even has an updated warning: “Only You can Prevent Wildfires,” as the Forest Service ha s over the last few decades developed policies and procedures to include prescribed fire as a management tool, as well as continuing their work to prevent and fight wildfires.1.Why did the author mention Smoky the Bear's warning?A.To introduce the topic of the passage.B.To clarify a misunderstood concept.C.To show the significance of fire prevention.D.To raise people's awareness of forest protection.2.What can benefit birds according to Herbert Stoddard?A.Forest bushes.B.Fuel sources.C.Pine forests.D.Periodic burning.3.What is the purpose of prescribed fire?A.To put out wildfires.B.To keep the forest balance.C.To remove tree and plant species.D.To keep the fuel rich in the forest.4.What might be the best title for the passage?A.One Match Can Start A Forest FireB.Where There Is Smoke There Is A FireC.Not All Forest Fires Are Created EqualD.Why Not Keep The Forest Fire Burning四、Electric vehicles are close to the “turning point" of rapid mass adoption thanks to the decreasing cost of batteries, experts say.Global sales of electric vehicles rose 43% in 2020, but even faster growth is expected when continuing falls in battery prices result in the price of electric cars under the same petrol and diesel (柴油)models, which may happen between 2023 and 2025. According to a study by Prof Tim Lonton, at the University of Exeter, the turning point has already been passed in Norway, where tax breaks(税收减免) mean electric cars arc cheaper and the market share of battery-powered cars increased to 54% in 2020 in Norway, compared with less than 5% in most European nations.The falls in battery prices in the last decade have been dramatic and faster than predicted thanks to a massive production and cuts in costs, such as reducing the amount of expensive cobalt (钻)required. BloombergNEF's analysis predicts lithium-ion(锂离子) battery costs will fall so sharply that electric cars can match the price of petrol and diesel cars by 2023. McKin-sey's Global Energy Perspective 2021, published on 15 January, forecasts that "electric vehicles are likely to become the most economic choice in the next five years worldwide".Electric cars, vital in efforts to fight climate crisis, are quieter and start to go faster, so people do not want to return to a petrol or diesel vehicle once they have one. A survey of 2,000 electric car owners found 91 % said they did not want to go back.“The survey shows the strong and lasting impact of switching to a clean car. The evidence in favour of electric vehicles grows more convincing even in a year as destructive as 2020," said Melanie Shufflebotham, at Zap-Map, which maps charging points.1.What leads to the growing sales of electric vehicles?A.The rise in petrol prices.B.The desire for a lower tax.C.The drop in battery costs.D.The need for a cleaner life.2.What can we infer from paragraph 2?A.Policies in Norway support electric vehicles.B.Economy in Norway outgrows other nations.C.The market share of electric vehicles will decline.D.The tax breaks in Europe will continue to increase.3.How will electric vehicles equal fuel vehicles in price?A.By increasing the demand for cobalt.B.By boosting the sales of electric cars.C.By reducing the production of batteries.D.By cutting the costs of lithium-ion batteries.4.What is the attitude of people surveyed towards electric cars?A.Tolerant.B.Positive.C.Unwilling.D.Opposed.五、Paper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two significant ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of millions of trees each year. Between 2001 and 2019, the world lost 386 million hectares of forest. Of the trees that were cut down, 42% went to paper production. And worldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot sustain such a high rate of forest loss.The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A huge quantity of wastepaper ends up in dumps and landfills(垃圾填埋场) where it can produce harmful gases. Paper in landfills leads to the release(释放) of methane, a gas that is a significant contributor in global warming.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Paper is mainly made from cellulose(纤维素), which makes up the cell walls of trees and many other plants. Because of its structure, cellulose can be used repeatedly in papermaking. So far, trees are the only source of cellulose that can fill the massive demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simply one of the best ways to save trees.Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper isn't the dull-colored stuff many of us are familiar with any more. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a consistent effort. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be carried out. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industries to do the same.1.What does the author want to express in Paragraph 1?A.Consequences resulting from forest loss.B.The significance of paper in daily life.C.The disadvantages of current paper production.D.The severe situation caused by papermaking.2.Why is paper in landfills harmful?A.It releases smelly gases.B.It results in global climate change.C.It pollutes the nearby land.D.It may lead to fire accidents.3.What can we know about paper-recycling?A.It produces cellulose to make more paper.B.The structure of cellulose makes it possible.C.The color of recycled paper is different.D.It produces cellulose without using trees.4.What's the purpose of this text?A.To introduce paper recycling technology.B.To stress the threat of global warming.C.To appeal to people to recycle paper.D.To describe the considerable need for paper.六、When answering a question, your silence might say more than your words. A new psychology study has found pausing before replying, even for just a few seconds, can make you seem more insincere or dishonest. That perception(感知) of dishonesty might not be too inaccurate, either. Numerous studies in the lab and in real life suggest people are slower to respond when they are not being truthful, possibly because it takes more mental work to block a truthful response or fabricate(编造）an alternative.What's been less clear is how well our lies have been fooling people. Some studies suggest delayed answers come across as insincere to the listener. Others find no relationship between the two, and still more have found the opposite: That a bit of hesitation increases our perception of sincerity. These findings are inconsistent and confusing. They are also mostly based on correlations. Even the few studies that have actually looked at causal relationships often didn't consider confusing factors that could also give away a liar or an insincere speaker.The new research seeks to improve some of those limitations by examining thousands of people under a variety of conditions. Together, it involves more than 7,500 individuals from the United States, the United Kingdom, and France in a total of 14 experiments. On the whole, the authors found an immediate response was perceived as more sincere, while a delayed response, even a delay as brief as two seconds, was seen as more insincere."Evaluating other people's sincerity is an important part of social interactions," says consumer behaviour researcher Ignazio Ziano. "It would be unfair for the responder, such as a crime suspect, if the response delay was misattributed to thought suppression(抑制)or answer fabrication when it was in fact caused by a different factor, such as simply being distracted or thoughtful," explains Ziano.Unfortunately, even when participants were instructed to ignore the response delays in one of the experiments, it only reduced their perception of insincerity; it did not completely remove it.1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?A. The perception of dishonesty depends on your silence.B. Preparing a truthful response needs more mental work.C. The impression of dishonesty isn't always accurate.D. Quicker replies to questions make you seem reliable.2. According to paragraph 3, how do researchers carry out their research?A. By studying the findings of several previous research projects.B. By examining thousands of people in various situations.C. By collecting data from the database from a new research.D. By analyzing the circumstances of the responses involved.3. Why does Ziano say it is unfair for the responder in paragraph 4?A. Listeners should ignore the pauses.B. A real criminal could escape quietly.C. The responder may be judged wrongly.D. The response delay affects people's preference.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. A Slower Response Makes You Seem InsincereB. New Evidence of Being Dishonest Is FoundC. Think Carefully Before You AnswerD. Action Speaks Louder Than Words七、There are patches of green taking root in European cities. It is part of a popular movement that started in Asia to clean the air, cool down temperatures, and improve the quality of life of city residents.This movement began in India with Indian eco-entrepreneur Shubhendu Sharma who was inspired by the tiny forests in Japan created by Akira Miyawak, a botanist who saw this as a solution to regenerate the land. In 2014, Sharma gave a Ted Talk about how valuable the mini ecosystems he was planting across India are. Sharma planted them anywhere he could, near schools, factories, and houses. These mini ecosystems grow ten times faster than conventional forests and are considerably more biodiverse.Now, Europeans are following his example and tiny forests are springing up across the continent. But first, Europeans had to adapt his methods to the different soil conditions, species and climate, while taking into account the effects of climate change. “Species growing here are more likely to do well and be able to adapt to climate change,” said Belgian biologist Nicolas, “So, I contacted scholars and tree nurseries to identify suitable native tree species and locally sourced materials to improve the soil.”The first tiny forest was planted in the UK in 2020 in a program run by ecologist Victor Beumer for Earth-watch. He said that the organization plans to collect data about biodiversity and carbon sequestration (碳封存) so that the environmental influence of the forests can be tracked in the long term. There are 17 of these forests now and 21 will be planted by 2022. These mini forests are seen as an asset that can help residents weather heat waves, improve water retention, remove carbon from the air, and the best benefit. While these European forests are still relatively young and the full impact of them on the environment is still unknown, one thing is a given. Bringing more nature into cities will have a positive impact on the life of urban residents. Being in nature is good for your health, and wellbeing.1.What can we learn about Sharma from the text?A.He likes giving a talk about tiny forests.B.He started the tiny forest movement in Europe.C.He has planted tiny forests everywhere he liked.D.He is a leading figure of the movement of tiny forests.2.What is implied in Nicolas’s word s in Paragraph 3?A.He used native species to grow small forests.B.It’s difficult to carry on the movement in Belgium.C.He chose some natural fertilizers to improve the soil.D.He has improved Sharma’s methods of growing forests.3.What can we infer about these European forests from the text?A.They have been taken seriously by the governments.B.They have benefited local residents physically and mentally.C.Their influence on the environment arouses the public’s curiosity.D.The further studies on their connection with nature are to be carried out.4.Which of the following is a suitable title for this text?A.Europeans Have Struggled to Improve Air QualityB.Tiny Forests Become More Diverse in EuropeC.Tiny Forests Are Dotting European CountriesD.Europeans Decide to Change Their Environment八、More than a million tons a year of America's plastic rubbish are not ending up where they should. As many as 1,300 plastic grocery bags per person is landing in places such as oceans and roadways, according to a new study of U.S.In 2016, the United States generated 46.3 million tons of plastic waste, by far the most in the world. Between 2.7% and 5.3% of that was mismanaged, according to a study in Friday's journal Science Advances. "If you took nearly 2.5 million tons of mismanaged plastic waste and dumped it on the White House lawn, it would pile as high as the Empire State Building," said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineering professor.Previous studies hadn't put the United States among the 10 worst offending nations for plastic waste in oceans. That's because the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency only tracks what goes into official parts of the waste stream such as landfills(废物填埋场)and recycling centers."The new study provides a more realistic view of our mismanaged waste," said University of Toronto ecology professor Chelsea Rochman, who wasn't part of the study. "We consume a lot of plastic which then becomes plastic waste. We recycle very little of this material, which is a waste of resources.""A large but hard to quantify part of the problem involves the 51% of U.S. plastic waste shipped abroad for recycling to countries that routinely mismanage waste," Law said. The situation has been converting since many countries have become more limiting about taking U.S. rubbish imports. American exports of plastic waste have declined dramatically since their peak in 2016.The government is spending billions of dollars trying to fix the problem, with modernized recycling technology and new business models to reduce waste while urging compulsory recycled content standards for new products and packaging."The best thing you can do environmentally is to produce no waste at all." Jambeck said.1.What can we know about the plastic waste in America?A.It is improperly dealt with.B.It is increasing every year.C.It is as high as a tall building.D.It is finding its way into landfills.2.What did former studies fail to focus on?A.How plastic waste is managed officially.B.Where all plastic waste finally ends up.C.When plastic waste reaches its peak.D.Why all plastic waste isn't recycled.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "converting" in paragraph5?A.continuingB.affectingC.changingD.existing4.What problem might America face concerning plastic waste?A.The lack of capital for waste management.B.The lack of modern technology.C.The seriousness of waste.D.The limit of waste exports.九、"Human activity has wiped out two-thirds of the world's wildlife since 1970," CNN reported on September 10, 2020. Later that month, The Guardian reported that "40 percent of the world's plant species are at risk of extinction". Stanford biologist Paul Ehrlich and his colleague announced that "the ongoing sixth mass extinction may be the most serious environmental threat to the persistence of civilization." Around the same time, The Daily Mail warned that human civilization stands a 90 percent chance of collapse within decades due to deforestation.These frightening calculations and projections come from authoritative reports issued by international agencies, conservation groups, and peer-reviewed scientific journals. But is the future of wild nature and human civilization really so bleak(暗淡的)?Data from uncontroversial mainstreams sources strongly indicate that both humanity and the natural world are likely to be flourishing rather than collapsing at the end of this century.Humanity is becoming an urban species, and that's good for the environment, since city residents generally use less electricity, emit less globe-warming carbon dioxide, and have smaller land footprints than people living in the countryside. By 2100, demographers project that 85 percent of people will be citizens, which would leave only 1.2 billion still living in the countryside. That means more space for the wildlife and less pollution from the agriculture.The global tree coverage increased by 865, 00 square miles between 1982 and 2016. The researchers found that gains in forest area in the temperate, subtropical, and boreal climatic zones are offsetting(抵消)declines in the tropics. The Maryland researchers attribute much of that increase to "natural afforestation on abandoned agricultural land." Furthermore, forests in mountainous regions are expanding as climate warming enables trees to grow at higher altitudes. Humanity does face big environmental challenges in the coming century. But a number of scientific and economic evidences show that most of the trends are positive or can be turned in a positive direction by human ingenuity. Rather than an age of extinction, the 21st century promises to be an era of environmental renewal.1.Why does the author mention the reports in Paragraph 1?A.To support his opinion.B.To give examples.C.To introduce the topic.D.To make a contrast.2.What will happen by 2100 according to Paragraph 4?A.No one will choose to live in the countryside.B.There will be more pollution from the agriculture.C.City residents will use more electricity.D.More space will be available for the wildlife.3.What can we know about the forest according to the author?A.The forest area is decreasing year by year.B.The global tree coverage increased so much in 2016.C.There are more forests in mountainous regions due to the climate warming.D.The forest area in the temperate zones and tropics is increasing.4.What might be the best title of the passage?A.The Hopeless Future of Humanity.B.21st Century: An Era of Environmental Renewal.C.The Challenges in the Corning Century.D.Better Environment, Better Future of Human.十、Money is the root of all evil and a new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, US. announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do unethical(不道德的) things, such as lie or cheat, than poor people.The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS,《美国国家科学院院刊》).They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving more modest(不豪华的) cars.In another experiment, a group of college students were asked if they would do unethical things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings.Finally, it simply makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.。
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2019届高考英语一轮复习话题阅读素材29 Friends Bring Happiness
We sit around the rough wooden table in the summer cabin for a class reunion. About 15 men and women who have one thing in common: we all went to elementary school together. A classmate sums it up. "What's most important in life is friendship. I don't know what I'd do without my friends." The room full of gray hair applauds in agreement.
Decades of research have documented that friendship is good for your health. People with friends have lower death rates. They recover faster from illness. Just why friendship is a healing force is the focus of much research. As scientists try to unravel the DNA code book of life，I look around the table at my classmates.
There are old memories of the gray-haired music teacher. There are turning points of weddings，births，funerals. Laughter and gossip. Crises of illness，despair，and loss. At its most basic level，friendship is a human connection that involve affection and intimacy. In the inner circle，there is a continual sharing of the most important details of your life. Whom do you confide in on a regular basis? Whom can you call upon if you need help? Whom do you call if you want celebrate? The inner circle today may include spouses，lovers，college roommates and cousins，children and grandchildren，colleagues，and children of friends.
There are lots of ways to get love and intimacy. You don't have to be married. It doesn't matter whether it's friends or relatives. You have to rely on somebody for emotional support.
Some of us are Marco Polo types who left the area long ago. A large percentage stayed，raising their children as we were raised along well-worn paths. Yet the themes of being tested and finding a haven of loving friendship are the same. Since nursery school，each of us has spread out and created new networks. It's as though we were born into a certain biological family and have ended up with a diverse web of kinship.
Doctors warn us a lack of friends can be hazardous to health. Isolation and alienation are risk factors for diseases. Research with monkeys shows that adult females housed alone are twice as likely to develop diseases of arteries as animals that live in small groups. In a study of patients hospitalized for heart attacks，38 percent of those without social support network died in the hospital，compared with 11 percent of those who had support.
The experience of being loved，cherished，esteemed and cared for protects people from disease. It also makes life worthwhile.
Yet building an inner circle of intimates takes work，especially as people age and lose old friends. If only drug companies could bottle friendship，and doctors prescribe it.
Making -- and keeping -- friends is the ultimate task in self-care. It's up to us to maintain connections -- to make the phone call，send the mail，exchange the photos. That's why we started to plan for next year's reunion.。