新剑桥商务英语(高级)单词总结

1. autonomous: independent, able to take decisions without consulting a higher authority

2. decentralization: dividing an organization into decision-making units that are not centrally controlled.

3. function: a specific activity in a company, e.g. production, marketing, finance

4. hierarchy: system of authority with different levels, one above the other.

5. line authority: the power to give instructions to people at the level below in the chain of command

6. report to: to be responsible to someone and to take instructions from him or her

7. subordinates: people working under someone else in a hierarch

8. industrial belt: an area with lots of industrial companies, around the edge of a city

9. wealth: the products of economic activity

10. productivity: the amount of output produced (in a certain period, using a certain number of inputs

11. corporate ethos: a company‟s ways of working and thinking

12. collaboration: working together and sharing ideas

13. insulated or isolated: alone, placed in a position away from others

14. fragmentation: breaking something up into pieces

15. motivate :To inspire, to induce, to give a reason or incentive to someone to do something.

16. employee: A person employed by someone else, working for money.

17. labor relations: Relations between employers and employees, managers and workers, management and unions.

18. responsibility: Having control of something as part of your job

19. wages: Money paid (per hour or day or week) to manual workers

20. salary: A fixed regular payment made by employers, usually, for professional or office work.

21. benefits or perks: Advantages that come with a job, apart from wages or salary.

22. promotion: To be raised to a higher rank or better job.

23.job security: Knowing that there is little risk of losing one‟s job.

24. skilled: Having particular abilities, acquired by training.

25. subcontractor : Any company that provides goods or services for another one

26. component : Any of the pieces or parts that make up a product, machine, etc.

27.outsourcing or contracting out : Buying products or processed materials from other companies rather than manufacturing them

28. capacity : The (maximum) rate of output that can be achieved from a production process

29. plant : The buildings, machines, equipment and other facilities used in the production process

30. location : The geographical situation of a factory or other facility:

31. inventory : The stock of any item or resource used in an organization (including raw materials, parts, supplies, work in process and finished products)

32. lead time : The time needed to perform an activity (i.e. to manufacture or deliver something)

33.distribution channel: all the companies or individuals involved in moving a particular kind of goods or service from the producer to the consumer.

34.to launch a product: to introduce a new product onto the market.

35.market opportunities: possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs in sectors in which a company can profitably produce goods or services

36.market research: collecting, analyzing and reporting data relevant to a specific marketing situation (such as a proposed new product)

37.market segmentation: dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different requirements or buying habits

38.packaging: wrappers and containers in which products are sold

39.points of sale: places where goods are sold to the public – shops, stores, kiosks, market stalls, etc.

40.product concept: an idea for a new product, which is tested with target consumers before the actual product is developed

41.product features: attributes or characteristics of a product: quality, price, reliability, etc.

42.sales representative: someone who contacts existing and potential customers, and tries to persuade them to buy goods or services

43.Word-of-mouth advertising: free advertising, when satisfied customers recommend products to their friends.

44.Institutional or prestige advertising: advertising that mentions a company‟s name but not specific products.

45.Advertising agencies: companies that handle advertising for clients.