压力容器水压试验

1 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST PROCEDURE
水压试验程序
1. General 概述
1.1 All completed vessels fabricated in accordance with GB150-1998 shall
satisfactorily pass pressure test.
按GB150-1998《钢制压力容器》要求制造的压力容器在完成后应水压试验合格。

1.2 A hydrostatic test shall be conducted on all vessels after all fabrication has
been completed, except for operation which could not be performed prior to the test such as weld and preparation, cosmetic grinding on the base
material which does not affect the required thickness. 除了不能预先进行的焊缝表面、母材表面上不影响要求的厚度的外观打磨处理，水压试验必须在容器制造完毕，总体检查合格后进行。

除了焊接、准备工作以及在母材表面进行的不影响要求厚度的外观打磨处理不能预先进行之外，水压试验必须在容器制造完毕后进行。

1.3 A hydrostatic test shall be conducted on all vessels after all examinations
have been performed, except those required after the test. 压力容器必须全部制造完成并经检查合格后，方可进行水压试验。

2. All hydrostatic test process shall conform to the requirements of GB150-1998 and the requirements of SUPERVISION REGULATIONS ON SAFETY TECHNOLOGY OF PRESSURE VESSE L
水压试验程序应符合GB150-1998《钢制压力容器》和《压力容器安全
技术监察规程》的要求。

3. Pressure indicating gages used in the pressure test must be in accordance with the following requirements:
水压试验用压力表不许符合以下要求：
3.1 Pressure indicating gage shall be connected directly to the vessel. If the in dicat ing gage is not readily visible to the operator con trolli ng the pressure applied, an additional indicating gage shall be provided where it is visible to the operator throughout the durati on of the test.
压力表不许直接与容器连接。

如果容器上设置的压力表不能被压力控制操作人员很容易的看到，那么应在操作者能够明显清晰的部位增加一个压力表，以便于进行全过程的压力控制。

3.2 Pressure indicating gages used in testing shall have a range over about double the intended maximum test pressure, but in no case shall the range be less tha n 1.5 nor more tha n 3 times test pressure.
压力表的量程一般应为最大试验压力的2倍，在任何情况下都不能超
过试验压力的1.5~3倍。

压力表量程不得少于试验压力的1.5倍，不得高于试验压力的3倍。

3.3 All gages shall be calibrated against a standard dead weight tester or a calibrated master gage. Gages shall be recalibrated at any time when there is reas on to believe that they are in error. The gages shall be used with in the effective period of six mon ths.
所有试验用的压力表应采用压力表试验器或经校准的校准用精密仪表进行校验。

无论何时发现试验用的压力表存在问题，都应重新进行校验。

压力表校验合格后的使用有效期为6个月。

3.4 All reinforcing pad weld shall be tested by airtight test and no leakage be
found form any joi nts. The value of airtight shall be betwee n 0.4MPa and
0.5MPa.
容器上的补强圈应通入0.4~0.5 MPa的压缩空气对所有焊缝连接部位
进行气密性检查合格。

4. Preparation for Testing 试验准备
4.1 Vents shall be provided at all high points of the vessel in the positi on in
which it is to be tested to purge possible air pockets while the vessel is being filled.
容器顶部所有高点都应设置排气口，以便于充水过程中将容器内部的空气排放干净。

4.2 Prior to hydrostatic pressure test, the in side and outside of the vessel
should give a good cleaning to remove oil, grease, paint and other dirt. The exam ined area of the in side and outside of the vessel shall be kept clea n, without any dirt which infects the test. The surface must be dried. Internal In specti on Report should be submitted for approve.
水压试验前，容器内、外应清理干净，清除所有的油污、铁锈等污垢。

试验过程中所有试验范围内的容器内、外表面应保持干净，没有影响试验的污物。

容器的外表面必须保持干燥。

容器内部检查报告应提交批准。

4.3 Before applying pressure, the test equipment shall be examined to see that it
is tight and that all low pressure filling lines and other appurtenances that
should not be subjected to the test pressure has bee n disc onn ected.
水压试验前，应检查试验设备是否连接紧固，检查所有不属于试验系统的低压填充物及其它附属物是否已经分离。

4.4 Before applying pressure, the temperature of the test medium and the wall
temperature of the vessel shall be measured with the thermometer. The test pressure shall be applied after the vessel and its contents are at about the same temperature.
水压试验前，应采用温度计测量试验液体和容器器壁的温度。

当容器壁温与试验液体温度一致时，方可对容器进行加压。

4.5 During testing the temperature of the vessel and test medium shall not be
lower than 5C nor more than 40C .
水压试验期间，容器器壁和试验液体的温度应控制在5~40C之间。

4.6 Temperature record shall measure the test medium temperature not the air
temperature. Hydro testi ng water shall be clea n, fresh water.
温度应测量试验液体的温度而非气温。

试验液体应是干净、新鲜的水。

4.7 The reinforcement plates outside the vessels and the weld of the connecting
pipe shall pass the leak testing before doing pressure test.
水压试验前，容器的补强圈与容器壳体、接管的焊缝应经气密性检查合格。

4.8 Prior to hydrostatic pressure test, blasting and painting work shall not be
carried out.
水压试验前不允许进行喷砂涂漆工作。

4.9 Service bolts and gaskets shall not be used for hydrostatic pressure testing.
After test service items will be rein stalled.
水压试验用螺栓、垫片等不能使用正式的设备用部件，水压试验合格后应方可安装正式螺栓、垫片。

4.10There shall be at least one high point & one low point pressure gauge per
vessel.
容器上至少在顶部和底部各设置一个压力表。

5. Standard Hydrostatic Test 标准的水压试验
5.1 Test Pressure试验压力
For internal pressure vessel, the test pressure shall be at least equal to Pt every point in the vessel.
承受内压的容器，容器内部任何部位的试验压力应大于等于P T。

P T（mi n.）二 1.25 P （笛）mi n.
S D
Where: F T（min.）二 minimum test pressure最小试验压力,MPa
P=design pressure设计压力,MPa
S T= the stress value for the test temperature on the vess试验温度下的许用应力，MPa
S D= the stress value for the desig n temperature on the vesse 设计温度下的许用应力，Mpa
冬）min.二 the lowest ratio （for the materials of which the vessel is
S D
con structed） of the stress许用应力的最小比值（容器所使用的材料）
5.2 Application of Pressure 试验过程
The test pressure shall be gradually in creased un til the required test pressure is reached and held for a minimum of one hour. Then the pressure shall be reduced to a value not less than four-fifth of the test pressure and held for a sufficient time to permit inspection of the vessel.
压力应缓慢上升直至要求的试验压力后，保压1小时。

然后将压力降
至试验压力的80%，保持足够的时间进行检查。

6. Exam in ati on 检查
The visual in specti on of the vessel shall be performed in accorda nee with the following requirements:
For the hydrostatic test the visual in specti on of all joi nts and conn ecti ons in the vessel shall be made at a pressure equal to four-fifth of the required test pressure. Leakage is not allowed at the time of the required visual in specti on. After the test, the Exam iner shall fill in the Hydrostatic Test Report, reviewed by QC Engin eer and accepted by Own e'appo in ted in spector.
容器的目视检查应按下列要求进行：
当压力降至要求试验压力的80%后，应对容器上所有焊缝及连接部位进行检查，不允许有泄露现象。

水压试验合格后，检验人员应提交水压试验报告，由QC工程师审核并交业主指定的监督检验人员确认。

7. Drain and Dry 排液干燥
After the final hydrostatic test, vessels shall be drained and dried completely. Air drying shall be done with 0.4~0.6 MPa compress air.
水压试验完成后，应将容器内的水放干净，采用0.4~0.6 MPa的压缩空
气将容器内外吹干。

8. Dimensional Inspection 几何尺寸检查
After the test, the vessels shall be dime nsion ally in spected to con firm the vessels still keep its shape before the test.
水压试验后，应对容器进行几何尺寸检查，确认其形状与水压试验前一。