英语背诵名篇22 The use of history_恒星英语

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英语名篇背诵74篇

2．Best of times
It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.
收入相当的人除了品性迥异以外没有社会差别。金钱不能说明什么；性格，行为，能力才代表一切。在收入平等制度下，每个人将会找到他或她正常的地位，而不是所有的工人被划到应拿低工资阶层，所有的富人被划到应得高收入的阶层。人有卓著伟人，平庸之辈和碌碌小人之别，然伟人总是那些有所建树之人，而非从小深受母亲溺爱，父亲每年留下一大笔钱之人；碌碌小人总是那些心胸狭窄，品德卑劣之人，而不是那些从未获取机会的穷人。愚蠢之众总是赞成收入不平等（他们职能凭借这种机会才能为人所知），而真正伟大之人则主张平等相待，原因就在于此。
真正令人尊敬的并非那些评论家和那些指出强者是如何跌倒，实干家本该做得更好的人。
荣誉属于那些亲临竞技场，满脸污泥，汗水和鲜血的人。他们不懈努力，他们曾犯过过错，并一再失败。因为付出即意味着犯错和失败。他们满怀激情地努力做事，执着不懈，将生命奉献于崇高的事业。他们为经过艰辛努力最终取得的伟大成就而自豪，如果失败，他们夜败的荣耀。因而，这样的人永远不应与那些不知道胜利，也从未失败过的冷淡而胆怯的灵魂相提并论。

从零开始看历史英语作文

从零开始看历史英语作文History is like a vast and fascinating ocean that we can embark on exploring from scratch. When we start to look at history with a beginner's mind, it's as if we open a door to a world full of wonders and mysteries.To begin with, history teaches us about the lives and cultures of people who lived long ago. We learn about their customs, beliefs, and the ways they solved problems. It's like peeking into a different time and seeing how humanity has evolved and changed over the centuries.We also discover the great achievements and inventions that have shaped our present. From the invention of the wheel to the development of modern technology, history shows us the steps of human progress.Studying history helps us understand why certn events happened and how they influenced the course of human civilization. We can learn from the mistakes and successes of the past to make better decisions in the present and future.Moreover, history is filled with stories of heroes and heroines who fought for justice, freedom, and the betterment of society. Their courage and determination inspire us to stand up for what is right.In conclusion, starting to explore history from zero is an exciting journey. It broadens our perspective, enriches our knowledge, and gives us a deeper appreciation of the world we live in today.。

经典英文背诵50篇(带翻译)

经典英文课文背诵５０篇（带翻译）>01 The Language of MusicA painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can seeit. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed.Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for thecomposer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long andas arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs tobecome a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, formusicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a balletdancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords wouldbe inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practicemoving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow toand fro with the right arm -- two entirely different movements.Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly intune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes arealready there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibilityto tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: thehammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to soundlike percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts studentconductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how itshould sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds withfanatical but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledgeand understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home inthe language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in anycentury.01 音乐的语言画家将已完成的作品挂在墙上，每个人都可以观赏到。

历史内容英语知识点总结

历史内容英语知识点总结1. The Importance of Studying HistoryHistory is important because it allows us to understand where we come from, how we got to where we are, and where we might be headed in the future. By studying history, we can learn from the mistakes and successes of those who came before us, gain a deeper understanding of different cultures and societies, and develop a better sense of perspective and context. History also helps us to develop critical thinking, analytical, and research skills, as well as empathy and a greater appreciation for the complexities of the human experience.2. The Historical MethodThe historical method is the process by which historians research, analyze, and interpret the past. It involves the careful examination of primary sources (e.g. documents, artifacts, and eyewitness accounts) and secondary sources (e.g. scholarly books, articles, and documentaries), the consideration of different perspectives and biases, and the application of various historical theories and methodologies. The historical method also emphasizes the importance of critical thinking, logic, and evidence-based argumentation in constructing historical narratives and interpretations.3. Key Concepts in HistorySome key concepts that are important to understand in the study of history include causation (the relationship between cause and effect in historical events), continuity and change (the ways in which societies and cultures evolve over time while maintaining certain traditions and patterns), periodization (the division of history into distinct periods based on key turning points or trends), and historical significance (the evaluation of the importance and impact of certain events and individuals in history).4. Major Themes in World HistoryThere are several major themes that cut across different periods and cultures in world history. These include political and social structures (e.g. governments, laws, and class systems), economic systems and trade (e.g. agriculture, capitalism, and colonialism), religious and philosophical beliefs (e.g. monotheism, polytheism, and secularism), technological and scientific advancements (e.g. the Industrial Revolution, the Renaissance, and the Space Age), and cultural interactions and exchanges (e.g. imperialism, globalization, and migration).5. Prehistoric and Ancient HistoryPrehistoric history refers to the period before written records, while ancient history typically covers the development of early civilizations such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Important topics in this area include the origins of human civilization, the development of agriculture and urban centers, the rise of empires and city-states, theformation of early political and religious institutions, and the evolution of art, literature, and philosophy.6. Medieval and Early Modern HistoryThe medieval period (roughly from the 5th to the 15th centuries) saw the emergence of feudalism, the growth of Christianity and Islam, the spread of trade and commerce, and the construction of magnificent cathedrals and castles. The early modern period (from the 15th to the 18th centuries) witnessed the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Age of Exploration, the Scientific Revolution, and the rise of nation-states. Key topics in this era include the Black Death, the Crusades, the Protestant Reformation, the Age of Discovery, and the Enlightenment.7. Modern HistoryModern history encompasses the period from the late 18th century to the present day. This era is marked by the Industrial Revolution, the spread of democratic ideals, the rise of imperialism and global conflicts, and the development of new technologies and ideologies. Important events and movements in modern history include the French Revolution, the American Civil War, World War I, World War II, the Cold War, decolonization, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Information Age.8. HistoriographyHistoriography is the study of the methods, interpretations, and controversies in the writing of history. It involves examining the works of different historians and the ways in which historical narratives have been constructed and revised over time. Historiography also explores the impact of new discoveries, perspectives, and technologies on our understanding of the past, as well as the ethical and political dimensions of historical scholarship.9. Comparative HistoryComparative history involves the study of different societies and cultures in order to identify common patterns, differences, and connections. By comparing and contrasting historical developments across various regions and time periods, historians can gain a more nuanced understanding of the diversity and complexity of human history. Comparative history also contributes to the development of cross-cultural understanding, global perspectives, and interdisciplinary approaches to historical research.10. The Role of Memory and CommemorationThe ways in which societies remember and commemorate historical events and figures have a significant impact on collective identity, national narratives, and public consciousness. Memory and commemoration can be expressed through memorials, museums, holidays, ceremonies, literature, and popular culture. These forms ofremembrance often reflect the values, aspirations, and struggles of different communities, and can also be sources of contention and debate.In conclusion, history is a rich and multifaceted field of study that offers insights into the human experience from various angles. By understanding the importance of studying history, familiarizing oneself with the historical method, grasping key concepts and themes, and exploring different periods and approaches to history, one can develop a comprehensive and informed perspective on the past. Ultimately, the study of history contributes to the development of critical thinking, empathy, and a deeper appreciation for the complexities of the human experience.。

必修一U2Castleofmemories学生版

纯英版本：U2Castle of memories In the heart of a,I my dreams,By Kevin Chen A in hand,as as it seems.,my hopes so high,An amazing,under the sky.eager,I my courage,Through the,my journey I encourage.A in the,a sight,'s legacy,in the moonlight.At the site,I,the of my role.A to the past,an so,to my,is what I seek.the usual,I the,so grand,under the sky so blue.in hand,a I find,the past,leave the present behind.In the heart of the civilization,I make up my mind,Soldiers of history,their stories intertwined.Transport to the past,hike through the time,Contact the past,leave the present behind.In the heart of the,I,of history,their stories intertwined.to the past,through the time,of memories,worth every dime.to the details,in every stone,to the past,where emperors had shone.the view,a,of an,under the moonlight.,a comment on the past,In the heart of the,shadows are cast.the lessons,the tales,journey,where history prevails.From the of power,to the,In the flat of history,feel the aftermath.,'s reign,At the of the past,memories remain.中英对照：In the heart of a castle,I apply my dreams,在城堡的中心，我实现我的梦想，A visa in hand,as exciting as it seems.手持签证，看起来如此激动人心。

高考英语可能考的名著《HISTORY OF ROMAN-1》PREFACE TO V-1素材

HISTORY OF ROMAN-1Preface To The First Volume.Diligence and accuracy are the only merits which anhistorical writer may ascribe to himself; if any merit, indeed, can be assumed from the performance of an indispensable duty. I may therefore be allowed to say, that I have carefully examined all the original materials that could illustrate the subject which I had undertaken to treat. Should I ever complete the extensive design which has been sketched out in the Preface, I might perhaps conclude it with a critical account of the authors consulted during the progress of the whole work; and however such an attempt might incur the censure of ostentation, I am persuaded that it would be susceptible of entertainment, as well as information.At present I shall content myself with a single observation.The biographers, who, under the reigns of Diocletian and Constantine, composed, or rather compiled, the lives of theEmperors, from Hadrian to the sons of Carus, are usually mentioned under the names of Aelius Spartianus, Julius Capitolinus, Aelius Lampridius, Vulcatius Gallicanus, Trebellius Pollio and Flavius Vopiscus. But there is so much perplexity in the titles of the MSS., and so many disputes have arisen among the critics (see Fabricius, Biblioth. Latin. l. iii. c. 6) concerning their number, their names, and their respective property, that for the most part I have quoted them without distinction, under the general and well-known title of the Augustan History.Preface To The Fourth Volume Of The Original Quarto Edition.I now discharge my promise, and complete my design, of writing the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, both in the West and the East. The whole period extends from the age of Trajan and the Antonines, to the taking of Constantinople by Mahomet the Second; and includes a review of the Crusades, and the state of Rome during the middle ages. Since the publication of the first volume, twelve years have elapsed; twelve years, according to my wish, "of health, of leisure, and of perseverance." I may now congratulate my deliverance from a longand laborious service, and my satisfaction will be pure and perfect, if the public favor should be extended to the conclusion of my work.It was my first intention to have collected, under one view, the numerous authors, of every age and language, from whom I have derived the materials of this history; and I am still convinced that the apparent ostentation would be more than compensated by real use. If I have renounced this idea, if I have declined an undertaking which had obtained the approbation of amaster-artist, ^* my excuse may be found in the extremedifficulty of assigning a proper measure to such a catalogue. A naked list of names and editions would not be satisfactory either to myself or my readers: the characters of the principal Authors of the Roman and Byzantine History have been occasionally connected with the events which they describe; a more copious and critical inquiry might indeed deserve, but it would demand, an elaborate volume, which might swell by degrees into a general library of historical writers. For the present, I shall content myself with renewing my serious protestation, that I have always endeavored to draw from the fountain-head; that my curiosity, as well as a sense of duty, has always urged me to study theoriginals; and that, if they have sometimes eluded my search, I have carefully marked the secondary evidence, on whose faith a passage or a fact were reduced to depend.[Footnote *: See Dr. Robertson's Preface to his History of America.]I shall soon revisit the banks of the Lake of Lausanne, a country which I have known and loved from my early youth. Under a mild government, amidst a beauteous landscape, in a life of leisure and independence, and among a people of easy and elegant manners, I have enjoyed, and may again hope to enjoy, the varied pleasures of retirement and society. But I shall ever glory in the name and character of an Englishman: I am proud of my birth in a free and enlightened country; and the approbation of that country is the best and most honorable reward of my labors. Were I ambitious of any other Patron than the Public, I would inscribe this work to a Statesman, who, in a long, a stormy, and at length an unfortunate administration, had many political opponents, almost without a personal enemy; who has retained, in his fall from power, many faithful and disinterested friends; and who, under the pressure of severe infirmity, enjoys the lively vigorof his mind, and the felicity of his incomparable temper. Lord North will permit me to express the feelings of friendship in the language of truth: but even truth and friendship should be silent, if he still dispensed the favors of the crown.In a remote solitude, vanity may still whisper in my ear, that my readers, perhaps, may inquire whether, in the conclusion of the present work, I am now taking an everlasting farewell. They shall hear all that I know myself, and all that I could reveal to the most intimate friend. The motives of action or silence are now equally balanced; nor can I pronounce, in my most secret thoughts, on which side the scale will preponderate. I cannot dissemble that six quartos must have tried, and may have exhausted, the indulgence of the Public; that, in the repetition of similar attempts, a successful Author has much more to lose than he can hope to gain; that I am now descending into the vale of years; and that the most respectable of my countrymen, the men whom I aspire to imitate, have resigned the pen of history about the same period of their lives. Yet I consider that the annals of ancient and modern times may afford many rich and interesting subjects; that I am still possessed of health and leisure; that by the practice of writing, some skill and facility must beacquired; and that, in the ardent pursuit of truth and knowledge, I am not conscious of decay. To an active mind, indolence is more painful than labor; and the first months of my liberty will be occupied and amused in the excursions of curiosity and taste. By such temptations, I have been sometimes seduced from the rigid duty even of a pleasing and voluntary task: but my time will now be my own; and in the use or abuse of independence, I shall no longer fear my own reproaches or those of my friends. I amfairly entitled to a year of jubilee: next summer and the following winter will rapidly pass away; and experience only can determine whether I shall still prefer the freedom and variety of study to the design and composition of a regular work, which animates, while it confines, the daily application of the Author.Caprice and accident may influence my choice; but the dexterity of self-love will contrive to applaud either active industry or philosophic repose.Downing Street, May 1, 1788.P. S. I shall embrace this opportunity of introducing two verbal remarks, which have not conveniently offered themselves tomy notice. 1. As often as I use the definitions of beyond the Alps, the Rhine, the Danube, &c., I generally suppose myself at Rome, and afterwards at Constantinople; without observing whether this relative geography may agree with the local, but variable, situation of the reader, or the historian. 2. In proper names of foreign, and especially of Oriental origin, it should be always our aim to express, in our English version, a faithful copy of the original. But this rule, which is founded on a just regard to uniformity and truth, must often be relaxed; and the exceptions will be limited or enlarged by the custom of the language and the taste of the interpreter. Our alphabets may be often defective; a harsh sound, an uncouth spelling, might offend the ear or the eye of our countrymen; and some words, notoriously corrupt, are fixed, and, as it were, naturalized in the vulgar tongue. The prophet Mohammed can no longer be stripped of the famous, though improper, appellation of Mahomet: the well-known cities of Aleppo, Damascus, and Cairo, would almost be lost in the strange descriptions of Haleb, Demashk, and Al Cahira: the titles and offices of the Ottoman empire are fashioned by the practice of three hundred years; and we are pleased to blend the three Chinese monosyllables, Con-fu- tzee, in the respectable name of Confucius, or even to adopt the Portuguese corruption ofMandarin. But I would vary the use of Zoroaster and Zerdusht, as I drew my information from Greece or Persia: since our connection with India, the genuine Timour is restored to the throne of Tamerlane: our most correct writers have retrenched the Al, the superfluous article, from the Koran; and we escape an ambiguous termination, by adopting Moslem instead of Musulman, in theplural number. In these, and in a thousand examples, the shades of distinction are often minute; and I can feel, where I cannot explain, the motives of my choice.。

初中必背名著英语作文

初中必背名著英语作文1. The Great Gatsby is a classic novel that explores the decadence and excess of the Jazz Age in America. The story follows the mysterious and enigmatic Jay Gatsby as he pursues his elusive dream of reuniting with his lost love, Daisy Buchanan.2. To Kill a Mockingbird is a powerful and poignant novel that tackles themes of racial injustice and moral growth in the American South. Through the eyes of young Scout Finch, readers are confronted with the harshrealities of prejudice and discrimination.3. Jane Eyre is a timeless tale of love, independence, and resilience. The eponymous heroine overcomes adversity and societal expectations to forge her own path and find true happiness.4. Animal Farm is a satirical allegory that critiques the corruption of power and the dangers of totalitarianism.Through the lens of a farm run by animals, George Orwell exposes the pitfalls of revolution and the perversion of noble ideals.5. Lord of the Flies is a chilling exploration of human nature and the thin veneer of civilization. When a group of boys is stranded on a deserted island, their descent into savagery reveals the darkness that lurks within us all.。

经典英文背诵50篇(附汉语翻译)

经典英文课文背诵５０篇（带翻译）>01 The Language of MusicA painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can seeit. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for thecomposer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long andas arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, formusicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords wouldbe inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practicemoving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow toand fro with the right arm -- two entirely different movements.Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly intune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes arealready there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibilityto tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: thehammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to soundlike percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts studentconductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds withfanatical but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledgeand understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home inthe language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.01 音乐的语言画家将已完成的作品挂在墙上，每个人都可以观赏到。

历史英语知识点总结

历史英语知识点总结IntroductionHistory is a vast subject that ranges from ancient civilizations to modern times. It encompasses the study of people, events, and cultures that have influenced the world and shaped the course of human history. Additionally, the study of history is not only about events and dates but also about understanding the social, economic, and political forces that have driven historical change. This knowledge summary will provide an overview of key historical events, figures, and concepts in English history.Early England and the Anglo-SaxonsThe history of England can be traced back to the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century. The Anglo-Saxons were a collection of various Germanic tribes that migrated to England from present-day Germany and Denmark. They established several kingdoms, which eventually led to the unification of England under the rule of King Æthelstan in the 10th century. The Anglo-Saxons also played a crucial role in shaping the English language and culture, with many of their words and customs still present in modern English society.The Norman Conquest and the Middle AgesOne of the most significant events in English history was the Norman Conquest in 1066. William the Conqueror, a Norman duke, defeated the Anglo-Saxon King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, leading to the establishment of Norman rule in England. This event had a profound impact on English society, as it led to the merging of Anglo-Saxon and Norman cultures. Additionally, the Middle Ages saw the rise of feudalism, the development of the English legal system, and the emergence of the English language as a written and literary medium.The Tudor Dynasty and the ReformationThe Tudor dynasty, which ruled England from 1485 to 1603, was a period of great change and upheaval. Henry VIII's decision to break with the Catholic Church and establish the Church of England had a significant impact on English society and politics. The Reformation also led to religious conflict, with the reign of Queen Elizabeth I marked by a struggle between Catholics and Protestants. Additionally, the Tudor era saw significant developments in exploration, trade, and the arts, laying the groundwork for England's later rise as a global power.The English Civil War and the Glorious RevolutionThe 17th century was a time of immense political and social upheaval in England. The English Civil War, which pitted the Parliamentarians against the Royalists, led to the execution of King Charles I and the establishment of a republic under Oliver Cromwell. However, the republic soon gave way to the Restoration of the monarchy under Charles II,which was followed by the Glorious Revolution of 1688. This event saw the overthrow of King James II and the establishment of constitutional monarchy, marking a significant shift towards parliamentary democracy in England.The Industrial Revolution and Imperial ExpansionThe 18th and 19th centuries saw the rise of the Industrial Revolution, which transformed England from a rural agricultural society into an urban industrial powerhouse. This period also witnessed the expansion of the British Empire, with England becoming the world's foremost colonial power. The empire encompassed vast territories in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, shaping the cultural, political, and economic landscape of the modern world. However, the empire's expansion also led to conflicts and resistance from indigenous peoples, as well as debates over the ethics and morality of colonialism.The World Wars and the Postwar EraThe 20th century was marked by two devastating world wars that had a profound impact on England and its role in the world. The first world war saw the collapse of European empires and the rise of new geopolitical forces, while the second world war left England and its allies in a struggle against totalitarian regimes. The aftermath of the wars led to the decline of the British Empire and the rise of new political and social movements, including the emergence of a welfare state, the decolonization of former colonies, and the shift towards a more multicultural and diverse society.ConclusionThe study of English history provides valuable insights into the evolution of human society, the development of political and social institutions, and the interplay of cultures and ideas. By understanding historical events, figures, and concepts, we can gain a deeper understanding of the world around us and the forces that have shaped it. Whether it's the legacy of the Anglo-Saxons, the impact of the Reformation, or the challenges of the modern era, English history offers a rich tapestry of knowledge that continues to influence our lives today.。

十分钟英语史The History of English in 10 minutes(完整版)

The History of English in 10 minutesChapter One Anglo-Saxon or whatever happened to the Jutes?The English language begins with the phrase “ Up Yours Caesar!” as the Romans leave British, and a lot of Germanic tribes start flooding in, tribes such as the Anglos and the Saxsons, who together gave us the term Anglo-Saxon, and the Jutes, who didn‟t. Th e Romans left some very straight roads behind, but not much of their Latin Language. The Anglo-Saxon vocab was much more useful as it was mainly words for simple everyday things like house, woman, loaf and werewolf. Four of our days of the week were named in honor of Anglo-Saxon gods. They didn‟t bother with Saturday, Sunday and Monday as they all had gone off for a long weekend. While they were away, Christian missionaries stole in bringing with them leaflets about jumble sales and more Latin. Christianity was a hit with the locals and made them much happier to take on funky new words from Latin like martyr, bishop and font. Along came the Vikings, with their action-man words like drag ransack thrust and die. They may have raped and pillaged but they were also into give and take, two of around 2,000 words they gave English, as well as the phrase. Watch out for that man with the enormous axe.第一章盎格鲁撒克逊人或发生在朱特人的任何事英语以这句话开头，去你的凯撒！当罗马人离开英国，大量日耳曼部落开始涌入。

名人关于历史的名言名句英文

名人关于历史的名言名句英文History is a vast ocean. Victor Hugo.The past is a foreign country: they do thingsdifferently there. L.P. Hartley.History is the interpretation of the present in thelight of the past. R.G. Collingwood.The only history that is worth anything is the historyof what did not happen. Agatha Christie.History is a set of lies agreed upon. Napoleon Bonaparte.Beware the fury of a patient man. John Dryden.The best way to predict the future is to study the past. Confucius.History is a race between education and catastrophe. H.G. Wells.History, despite its wrenching pain, cannot be unlived, but if faced with courage, need not be lived again. Maya Angelou.Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it. George Santayana.History teaches us that men and nations behave wisely once they have exhausted all other alternatives. Abba Eban.The study of history is the study of mistakes. Thucydides.The past is never dead. It's not even past. William Faulkner.History is not what happened. History is whathistorians agree happened. David Hackett Fischer.History is a relentless master. It has no present, only the past rushing into the future. A.J.P. Taylor.History is the only compass we have as we sail through the seas of the future. Edward Gibbon.History is a vast early warning system. Norman Cousins.History is not the past, but a map of the past drawn from the draftsman's observation of the present. James Baldwin.History is a tool for understanding the present. Eric Foner.History is a way of orienting us in our own time. Gertrude Himmelfarb.History is a mirror that we can use to see ourselves. Barbara Tuchman.History is a dialogue between the past and the present.E.H. Carr.History is a river of becoming, not a lake of being. Alfred North Whitehead.History is a symphony of echoes. Octavio Paz.History is a tragedy written by those who did not live it. Oscar Wilde.History is a witness and a judge. Herodotus.History is a teacher of wisdom. Marcus Tullius Cicero.History is a record of the mistakes that people have made. George Bernard Shaw.History is a burden on the living and a guide for the future. Napoleon Bonaparte.History is a process of interaction between human beings and their environment. Fernand Braudel.History is a web of cause and effect. Edward Gibbon.History is a mirror for the present. Tacitus.History is a battleground of ideas. Arthur Schlesinger Jr.History is a staircase, not a ladder. Henry Ford.History is a tapestry woven with many threads. Winston Churchill.History is a witness to the human spirit. Saul Bellow.History is a mirror that shows us who we are. Maya Angelou.History is a kaleidoscope of events. Winston Churchill.History is a ship that sails on the sea of time. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.History is a river that flows into the future. Henry Ford.History is a witness to the rise and fall of civilizations. Edward Gibbon.History is a record of the human experience. Margaret Macmillan.History is a guide to the future. Marcus Tullius Cicero.History is a mirror that shows us our strengths and weaknesses. Winston Churchill.History is a teacher that teaches us the lessons of the past. Edward Gibbon.History is a judge that passes judgment on the actionsof men. Marcus Tullius Cicero.History is a guide that shows us the path to the future.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.History is a mirror that we can use to see the future. Karl Marx.History is a book that is always being written. Edward Gibbon.History is a key that unlocks the door to the past. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.History is a mirror that reflects the human condition. Margaret Macmillan.History is a kaleidoscope that creates a different pattern every time you look at it. Winston Churchill.History is a river that flows into the future. Henry Ford.History is a reminder that we are all connected to the past. Margaret Macmillan.History is a mirror that shows us the consequences of our actions. Edward Gibbon.History is a tool that we can use to create a better future. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.History is a testament to the human spirit. Edward Gibbon.History is a mirror that shows us who we were, who we are, and who we can become. Margaret Macmillan.History is a tapestry that is woven with the threads of our lives. Winston Churchill.History is a mirror that we can use to see the future. Edward Gibbon.History is a guide that we can use to make better choices. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.History is a reminder that we are all connected to the past. Margaret Macmillan.History is a mirror that reflects the human condition. Edward Gibbon.History is a tool that we can use to create a better future. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.History is a testament to the human spirit. Edward Gibbon.History is a mirror that shows us who we were, who we are, and who we can become. Margaret Macmillan.History is a tapestry that is woven with the threads of our lives. Winston Churchill.。

英语背诵名篇52 Remarks in welcoming ceremonies in Xi’an_恒星英语

英语背诵名篇52 Remarks in welcoming ceremonies in Xi’anRemarks in welcoming ceremonies in Xi'anMayor Fang, Governor Cheng, Secretary Li:Ni Men Hao! Thank you for the key to your city and for this magnificent welcome. Here in this ancient capital, China seems very young to me tonight, blessed with both a proud history and promise of tomorrow1. I’m delighted to begin my journey in Xi’an, once the capital of China, still the heartland of the Chinese people. I was raised in the heartland of my country. I know that the character of a nation is determined by the hard-working people who live here.Over a thousand years ago during the Tang Dynasty, which I have seen recreated tonight, Xi’an was perhaps the most open and culturally advanced city in the entire world. From this place trade routes extended through Asia to Europe and Africa. And to this place great thinkers came, spreading philosophy and new ideas that have contributed to the greatness of China. I look forward to seeing the terra cotta warriors, the old city walls, the Muslim Quarter. I look forward to learning more about China’s great contributions to the store of human knowledge, from medince and printing to mathemetics and astronomy, discoveries on which so much of the whole world’s progress is based.Tonight I want to see more of a new country you are building on a scale even the emperors couldn’t have foreseen. The China that gave us printing now boasts fax machines, computers and cellular phones. Xi’an is home to filmmakers, Internet explorers, busin esspeople of every description2. Here in this city famous for calligraphy a new chapter in China’s story is being written. We Americans admire your accomplishements, your economy, your hard work, creativity and vision, your efforts against hunger and poverty, your work with us on peace and stability in Korea and South Asia. A new day is dawning for the Chinese people, for China’s greatness lies as always with its people. Our own history has convinced Americans that the greatness of any country is measured in its people and in their shared reverence for family and community, for work and learning, and in their individual thoughts, beliefs and creativity.In this global information age where both ecnomic growth and individual opportunity are based on ideas. A commitment to providing all human beings the opportunity to develop their full potential is vital to the strength and success of the New China as well. As I travel across China, I hope to learn as much as I can about the Chinese people, your history and your dreams for the future, and I hope to help the Chinese people understand more of America’s history, the lessons the American people have drawn from it, and the dreams we hold for the 21st century. I believe both Chinese and Americans aspire to many of the same things: to provide for our families, to teach our children, to build our community, to protect our earth, to shape our own future and pass brighter possibilities on to our children. There may be those here and back in America, who wonder whether close ties and deep friendship between America and China are good. Clearly the answer is Yes. We have a powerful ability to help each other grow. We can learn from each other. As two great nations, we have a special responsibility to the future of the world. The steps we take over the next week will lead to greater strides for our people in the years ahead.Here in this city of your magnificent history, we must always remember that we too are ancestors. Someday our children and their children will ask if we did all we could to build just societies and a more peaceful world. Let our monument be their judgement that we did that. Let our progress include all people with all their differences, moving toward a common destiny. Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient book of rites, that you call, the Li Ji, “When the great way is followed, all under heaven w ill be equal.”1 Xie Xie! Thank you very much.By US President Bill Clinton。

The uses and abuses of history历史的借鉴与滥用

The uses and abuses of historyHAVE we forgotten the lessons of the Great Depression? That was one of the themes tackled by Barry Eichengreen, the economic historian, when he spoke this lunchtime at a Centre for European Reform event in the Clive room of the East India club (itself a venue with a degree of historical resonance). The Depression is a natural template since the 2007-09 crisis is generally perceived to be the worst economic crisis since the 1930s.But the problem with using historical examples is that there is rarely agreement on what history teaches. Indeed, there is rarely agreement on the facts. Even a simple statement such as "the Battle of Hastings took place in 1066" contains two inaccuracies and a piece of religious bias (the battle occurred a few miles from Hastings, 1066 is a date derived from the Christian calendar and is wrong, since Christ was not born in 1AD).The "Hollywood" narrative of the Depression is that it started with the stockmarket crash of 1929, which provoked little response from the unfeeling incumbent president, Herbert Hoover, and was only solved by the dynamism and enthusiasm of Franklin D Roosevelt and his New Deal (not to mention little orphan Annie). The monetarist school, led by Milton Friedman, blamed the Federal Reserve for allowing the banking system to collapse and the money supply to shrink; the last Fed chairman Ben Bernanke, a student of the era, was very much a believer. Conservative revisionists, such as Amity Shlaes, argue that much of what FDR did was counterproductive since it penalised business and discouraging investment. There are a host of other factors worth mentioning; the Smoot-Hawley tariff and the rise of protectionism; thedeadening effect of the reparations dispute on international co-operation; the role of rearmament in stimulating the economy; the rise of new industries such as chemicals and cars; and the great mistake of FDR and the Fed in tightening too early in 1937, which caused the US economy to slide back into recession.In his book Golden Fetters, Mr Eichengreen highlighted the role played by the Gold Standard; countries that exited the standard saw their economies recover more quickly than those that did not. His new book (reviewed here) focuses on the 1930s lessons that were misapplied in the recent crisis. In his talk, he mentioned two or three. One was the focus on the failure of deposit-taking banks in the 1930s which led to the loss of confidence among depositors (the Jimmy Stewart/It's a Wonderful Life problem). Lehman Brothers was not a deposit-taker so the authorities were too relaxed about it going bust, he argues; they forgot the ability of wholesale lenders to organise a run and the complex derivative exposure that tied Lehmans to so many other counterparties.A second mistake, in his view, is that both governments and central banks have been too keen to return to normal policy and thus have withdrawn support too early; this explains the sluggishness of the recovery. He also argues that changes to financial regulation have been pretty "weak soup" by the standards of the 1930s which saw the creation of the SEC.Perhaps his most interesting conclusion, given his work, is about the parallels between the euro and the gold standard. He argues that too few people considered the parallels before 1999 and the potential weaknesses in the single currency that would result. But in the current circumstances, leaving the euro is not akin to abandoning the standard as Britain did in 1931. Trade finance collapsed in the 1930s, reducing the disruptive effect of exchange rate changes, but Greece's entire economy is closely bound with the EU trade and payment system. There was little international cooperation in the 1930s but there is (despite the headlines) today; Greece has already benefited from debt extensions, lower interest rates and ECB liquidity support). All that might be lost with euro exit.A wide-ranging discussion ensued, which neatly illustrated one of the problems with economic history; as Mr Eichengreen quippedSocieties tend to cherry pick their historical analogiesAn obvious example is the German fear of hyperinflation that dates back to the 1920s (there was a post-1945 episode as well) and is perceived to affect the German attitude towards monetary stimulus. Some pointed to the austeritypolicies pursued by the German chancellor Bruning between 1930 and 1932 that caused unemployment to soar and led to the rise of Hitler; the irony, in this view, is that Germany is now imposing similar terms on Greece. Thecounter-argument is that the key to long-term growth is labour market reform, pursued by Britain in the 1980s and Germany in the early 2000s; Spain may be starting to see the benefits of its reforms now but Greece wants to go in the opposite direction. France and Italy have done very little.To me, the monetary policy of the last few years is simply a continuation of a theme since the 1980s. When financial markets wobble, central banks step in to cut rates for fear of 1930s-style debt deflation (this was very explicit after Black Monday in October 1987). But each intervention leads to lower rates, a bigger financial sector and higher debt levels, making central banks even more fearful, and requiring even greater intervention. So we get to today's combination of zero rates and outright asset purchases. In turn, this leads to wider inequality, as the rich benefit most from higher asset prices, and this inequality causes political unrest, adding to the potential for crisis. This interpretation draws on the work of Charles Kindelberger's history of financial crises and Hyman Minsky's thoughts on how economic stability leads to financial excess. But I fully accept that I may be suffering from "confirmation bias" forcing every event into my peculiar interpretation.A particular problem with analysis of economic history is the lack of counterfactuals; we cannot go back and re-run history without, say, quantitative easing. Nor can we be 100% confident in assigning differential US and euro zone economic outcomes to the impact of divergent monetary and fiscal policies, given the links between the two regions and the different institutional structures. (One speaker, for example, pointed out that countries with bond-financed corporate sectors, such as the US, recovered more quickly than those with bank-financed sectors, such as Europe. Bond markets have recovered more quickly.) If we go back to the Obama stimulus of 2009, some economists will argue it was useless, others that it helps explain the US relative outperformance of Europe and still others that the stimulus was not big enough.This is already a long post but it is worth reflecting briefly on how a rigid interpretation of history has been mistaken in other areas; for example, the belief that World War Two would resemble the defensive stalemate of World War One, allowing the Allies to be overwhelmed by blitzkrieg; the subsequent tendency to blame appeasement for Hitler's rise and thus for westerngovernments to oppose all Third World nationalist movements on the domino theory, and so on.In short, it is tempting and can be thought-provoking to use historical analogies (think of the Middle East in terms of the 30 years war of 1618-48, for example) as long as one does not take the parallels too literally. History does not repeat itself exactly even if we know exactly (which we don't) what did happen in the past.。

The history of the internet(英文版)

Government during the American Civil War, 1861 - 1865 • Morse Code was dots and dashes, or short signals and long s of +/15 v. is still used in network interface cards today.
What is the Internet?
• A network of networks, joining many government, university and private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents, databases and other computational resources
Internet History
By Phoebe
The history of the internet
W Watching
What was the “Victorian Internet”? What is the Internet? Brief history of the Internet
2010: more than 10 billion !!!
Thank you
Internet Growth Trends
• 1977: 111 hosts on Internet • 1984: 1,000 hosts • 1986: 5,000 hosts • 1987: 10,000 hosts • 1989: 100,000 hosts • 1992: 1,000,000 hosts • 2001: 150 – 175 million hosts • 2002: over 200 million hosts

英语六级晨读美文第21篇-Two Ways of Thinking of History

英语六级晨读美文第21篇:Two Ways of Thinking ofHistoryPassage 21. Two Ways of Thinking of HistoryThere are two ways of thinking of history. There is, first, history regarded as a way of looking at other things, really the temporal aspect of anything,from the universe to this nib with which I am writing. Everything has its history. There is the history of the universe,if only we knew it —and we know something of it, if we do not know much. Nor is the contrast so great,when you come to think of it, between the universe and this pen-nib.A mere pen-nib has quite a considerable history. There is, to begin with, what has been written with it, and that might be something quite important.After all it was probably only one quill-pen or a couple that wrote Hamlet. Whatever has been written with the pen-nib is part of its History. In addition to that there is the history of its manufacture: this particular nib is a “Relief” nib, No. 314, made by R. Esterbrook and Co. in England, who supply the Midland Bank with pen-nibs, from whom I gotit—a gift, I may say. But behind this nib there is the whole process of manufacture....In fact a pen nib implies universe,and the history of it implies its history. We may regard this way of looking at it —history—as the time-aspect of all things: a pen-nib, the universe,the fiddle before me as I write, as a relative conception of history. There is, secondly, what we might call a substantive conception of history, what we usually mean by it, history proper as a subject of study in itself.。

保护历史古迹英文演讲稿

保护历史古迹英文演讲稿Ladies and gentlemen,。

Today, I stand before you to talk about the importance of protecting historical relics. As we all know, historical relics are the treasures of our civilization, representing the wisdom and achievements of our ancestors. Therefore, it is our responsibility to protect and preserve these valuable assets for future generations.First and foremost, historical relics are irreplaceable. Once they are destroyed, they are lost forever. These relics serve as a link to our past, allowing us to understand and appreciate the rich history of our civilization. They are not only a source of pride and identity for our country, but also a valuable resource for research and education.Furthermore, historical relics are a reflection of our cultural heritage. They are the physical evidence of the traditions, customs, and beliefs of our ancestors. By protecting these relics, we are preserving our cultural identity and passing down our heritage to future generations. It is through these relics that we can learn about the customs and traditions that have shaped our society.In addition, historical relics are also important for tourism and economic development. Many historical sites and artifacts attract tourists from all over the world, contributing to the local economy and promoting cultural exchange. By preserving these relics, we are not only protecting our history, but also creating opportunities for economic growth and development.However, despite the significance of historical relics, they are facing numerous threats. Urbanization, natural disasters, pollution, and human activities all pose risks to the preservation of these relics. It is essential for us to take action to protect and safeguard these valuable assets.To achieve this, we need to raise public awareness about the importance of protecting historical relics. Education and advocacy are key to fostering a sense of responsibility and respect for our cultural heritage. We must also strengthen laws andregulations to ensure the proper management and conservation of historical sites and artifacts. Additionally, we should invest in the research and technology needed to preserve and restore these relics.In conclusion, protecting historical relics is not only a matter of preserving the past, but also a way of shaping the future. By safeguarding these treasures, we are preserving our cultural heritage, promoting tourism and economic development, and enriching the lives of future generations. Let us all work together to ensure that our historical relics are protected and cherished for years to come.Thank you.。

读史使人明智英语作文高中

Reading History: A Path to WisdomHistory, the record of past events, is often overlooked as a subject of study in high school, deemed as boring and irrelevant. However, the truth is far from this perception. Reading history, in fact, is a profound journey that leads to wisdom and understanding. It is a window to the past, a mirror reflecting our present, and a compass guiding our future.History is a repository of knowledge and wisdom. Through studying history, we gain insights into the evolution of civilizations, the rise and fall of empires, and the lives and struggles of people from different cultures and backgrounds. This understanding helps us comprehend the complexities of human society and the intricate web of events that shape our world.Moreover, history teaches us about the consequences of actions and decisions. By studying the mistakes and successes of past leaders and nations, we learn valuable lessons about governance, diplomacy, and strategy. These lessons are not just limited to political and militaryaffairs; they also extend to our personal lives, guiding us in making wise choices and avoiding pitfalls.History also helps us appreciate the value of diversity and inclusivity. By studying the histories of different cultures and nations, we learn to respect and appreciate their unique contributions to human civilization. This understanding fosters tolerance and understanding among people, promoting harmony and cooperation in a diverse world.In addition, history is a powerful tool for critical thinking and analysis. It encourages us to question, to challenge accepted wisdom, and to seek the truth behind the veil of propaganda and bias. This critical thinking ability is invaluable in today's world, where information is abundant but often misleading and distorted.Finally, history serves as a reminder of our shared humanity. Through studying the lives and struggles ofpeople from different times and places, we realize that we are all connected by a common thread of experience and aspiration. This realization fosters empathy and compassion,leading us to work towards a more inclusive and equitable world.In conclusion, reading history is not just about learning about the past; it is about gaining wisdom and understanding for the present and future. It is about connecting with our roots and embracing diversity. It is about questioning, challenging, and seeking the truth. In the end, it is about growing as individuals and contributing to a better world. Let us embrace the wisdom of history and use it to shape a brighter future for ourselves and our descendants.**读史明智：通往智慧之路**历史，作为过往事件的记录，常常在高中阶段被视作一门枯燥无味的学科，被认为与现实生活无关。

英语名篇名段背诵精华(第21-30篇)

英语名篇名段背诵精华21 The English Character 英国人的性格以下这段文字选自哥尔德史密斯的《世界公民》一书中有关英国社会的论述。

关于英国人的性格，我们现在依然可以从中窥见一二。

The English seem as silent as the Japanese, yet vainer than the inhabitants of Siam. Upon my arrival I attributed that reserve to modesty, which, I now find, has its origin in pride. Condescend to address them first, and you are sure of their acquaintance; stoop to flattery, and you conciliate their friendship and esteem. They bear hunger, cold, fatigue, and all the miseries of life without shrinking, danger only calls forth their fortitude; they even exult in calamity, but contempt is what they cannot bear. An Englishman fears contempt more than death; he often flies to death as a refuge from its pressure, and dies when he fancies the world has creased to esteem him.Except from Letters of a Citizen of the World by Oliver Goldsmith注释vain [vein]: too proud of one’s ability or achievements自负的fortitude [´fɔ:titju:d]: strength of mind that allows one to endure pain or adversity with courage坚韧，刚毅exult[ig´zʌlt]: to rejoice greatly; be jubilant or triumphant狂喜，喜气洋洋或得意洋洋contempt [kən´tempt]: disgrace, scorn 轻蔑，鄙视作者简介Oliver Goldsmith (1728-1774) was a great man. Despite the disintegration of his personality, his excessive drunkenness and incurable extravagance, he was a man of rare talents that bordered on genius, one of the first natural writers in the English language. This reputation is based on, and justified by, some half a dozen books, essays, plays, poems, and one novel, The Vicar of Wakefield. And An History of the Earth and Animated Nature has been described as everything from “hackwork” to his “most substantial literary legacy”.奥利弗.哥尔德史密斯，是18世纪著名的英国剧作家。