轨道专业外语
城市轨道交通信号专业外语段落翻译
4 interlocking principles4 连锁规则4.1 safe routes through an interlocking4.1 安全进路通过一个联锁The term “interlocking”is used with two meanings. First, “an interlocking”is the interlocking plant where points and signals are interconnected in a way that each movement follows the other ill a proper and safe sequence(see Section 1.2). Second, the principles to achieve a safe interconnection between points and signals are also generally called ”interlocking”.“联锁”的概念在使用中有两个意思。
第一，“联锁”是指连锁设备。
如道岔和信号机，以这样的方式相互关联，每一个动作受约束与另一个（动作），来保证合适而安全的结果（见1-2段）。
第二，为了达成在道岔和信号机之间的安全互联而存在的规则也通常称为“联锁”。
The route a train could use through an interlocking must meet the following conditions：列车可以使用的通过联锁的进路，必须达到一下的情形：⏹All points must be set properly and locked,⏹所有道岔不许被设置在合适的位置，同时被锁闭，⏹Conflicting routes must be locked,⏹抵触进路必须被锁闭，⏹The track must be clear.⏹线路必须出清。
铁路专业外语
EMU(Electric Multiple Unit 动车组 Distance/Time Graph 列车运行图 Traffic forecast 运量预测 Rolling stock 车辆Train organization 列车运行组织 Line planning(train service planning) 列车开行方案Timetable(distance/time gragh) 时刻表（列车运行图） city poles 城市中心 subcontract 分包、转包Contracts of punctuality 准点协议compensation for delayed trains 准列车晚点赔偿Booking ,Withdrawal,Exchange and refund 定票、取票、换票和退票 traffic induced 诱增客流transferred from to rail 转移客流 price sensitive customers 票价敏感 quotas 配额buying in advance 提前购票 Prem’s offer 预售票Variable reduction 不同的折扣 rate of no-shows 缺席率 liquid-bulk tank cars 罐车, openflatcars 平车, hopper cars 底卸车, and traditional boxcars 棚车 capacity choke points 能力瓶颈commuter 通勤者____________安全隐患potential safety concerns 交通规则 traffic regulation 路标 guide post红/绿/黄灯red/green/ amber light 交通岗 traffic post 岗亭police box 打手势pantomime超车道passing/overtaking lane 单双程线single /dual carriageways 单行道one way only/traffic/road 双向交通 two-way traffic 双白线 double white lines 斑马线 zebra stripes 划路线机traffic line marker 交通干线artery/trunk traffic 自行车通行 cyclists only窄/不平整路 narrow/ rough road 陡坡 steep hill弯路curve road ; bend road 连续弯路 winding road 之字路double bend road 道路交叉点 road junction信号交叉口signalized intersection 十字路crossroad/ intersection 禁止通行no through traffic 此路不通 blocked不准超越keep in line ; no overhead 不准掉头no turns 安全岛 safety island 停车处 parking place不准停车 restricted stop 不准滞留restricted waiting 临街停车 parking on-street 街外停车 parking off-street街外卸车 loading off-street 当心人caution pedestrian crossing 拱桥 hump bridge修路 road works人山人海 crowded conditions 水泄不通 overwhelm犯交通罪committing traffic offences 执照被记违endorsed on driving license无证驾驶 driving without license 无第三方保险 without third-party insurance 轻微碰撞 slight impact 迎面相撞head-on collision相撞collided;撞车crash 连环撞a chain collision 辗过run over肇事逃跑司机 hit-run driver 冲上人道drive onto the pavement 交事故现场traffic accident scene 摄影测绘技术 photogram metric technology再现术reconstruction technology Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS)Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS)Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS)Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL)impose 施加，强使，利用，征税 Car-Derived Vans 送货汽车 derive from 得自，由来，衍生 rigid vehicles 整体式车辆laden weight 装载重量 gross laden weight 总载货车maximum gross weight 最大总重量 maximum permissible gross laden weight 最大容许总装载重,最大容许满载总重(车辆）maximum permissibleconcentration 最大容许浓度 carrying capacity 承载能力，（电工）载流容量Environmental carrying capacitynumber plate 车牌“n times”, “n fold” “by a factor of n”表示增大到n 倍，“增加了n-1倍” ； sophistication 诡辩,强词夺理,混合 level of sophistication 复杂水平 Radio pager 无线电寻呼机account for 说明, 占, 解决, 得分 traffic analysis zone 交通分析分区 电流与电压的关系可用下式表示。
轨道交通专业英语词汇整理
assists nt line 辅助线automatic fare collection自动售检票设备automatic train control(ATC) 列车自动控制automatic train operation(ATO) 列车自动运行automatic train protect! on (ATP) 列车自动防护automatic train supervision(ATS)列车自动监控AW (空载AW侮位乘客都有座位AW2每平方米6人broken rail force of seamless track 无缝线路断轨力Building Automation System建筑设备自动化系统centralized power supply mode 集中式供电centralized traffic control（CTC）调度集中close made operation 闭式运行（主要靠人工空调系统，并装风帘和屏蔽门来隔绝外界）combined power supply mode 混合式供电combined sewer system 合流制排放combined substation 牵弓|降压混合变电所computed length of platform 站台计算长度concentration supervisory control and management 集中监控和管理connecting line联络线（在不同线路之间起连接作用的线，就叫联络线（即地铁线路之间的联络线和地铁与国铁的联络线）cover and cut-bottom up 盖挖顺筑法cover and cut-top down 盖挖逆筑法cut and cover 明挖法deformation joint 变形缝depot车辆段designed lifetime 设计使用年限distribute power supply mode 分散式供电examine and repair period 检修周期examine and repair program 检修修程fire alarm system 火灾自动报警系统gauge of track 轨距;gauge; track gauge;标准一standard gaugegauge限界global position system(GPS) 全球定位系统grade of waterproof 防水等级high voltage substation 主变电所immersed tube method 沉管法Intermodality Data Center 清结算数据中心local alarm system 区域报警系统Iongitudinal horizontal force of seamless track 无缝线足各纽、向水平力main line 正线Man Machine Interface 人机接口mining method 矿［±|法Ministry of Corporation 建设部monolithic track-bed 整体道床Motor Car With Pantograph(Mp(B))带受电弓的动车Motor Car(M(C))动车moving pavement自动人行道NanJing Metro Corporation 南京地铁公司NanJing Transportation Card System 南京一卡通系统open made operation 开式运行(自然通风，用活塞通风原理‘靠列车在隧道中运行，带动新风对流) Open Transport Network 开放传输网络operation concept 运营概念operation control center(OCC) 运营控制中心operation speed 旅行速度piston action ventilation 活塞通风public zone of station 车站公共区remote alarm system 集中报警系统rigid-flexible joint of sealed zone 刚柔结合的密圭寸区Sean Control Alarm Database 供电系统管理自动化seamless track 无缝线路shield method 盾构法stabling yard 停车场stray current 杂散电流subgrade 路基synchronous digital hierarchy transmission system(SDH) 同步数字传输系统system integration(SI) 系统集成testing line 试车线track structure 轨道结构Trailer Car(Tc(A))拖车Uninterrupted Power Supply 不间断电源供给urban rail transit/mass transit 城市轨道交通6-car set/unit motor car 六节编组动车ATC automatic train control system 列车自动控制系统ATO automatic train operation 列车自动运行系统ATP automatic train protect!on 列车自动保护系统ATS automatic train supervision 列车自动监控系统Automation vending machine 自动售票机Auxiliary circuit 辅助电路AW3每平方米9人Buffer connecting device 车钩缓冲连接装置Con course 站厅Conductor rail collector 第三轨受电器Console操作台Contactless Smart Card(CSC) 非接触智能卡Contactor box 接触箱Crowd management 客流控制Current collector 受流装置Electromagnetic rail brake 磁轨制动Entry gate security check 安检Equipment Operating Data(EOD)设备运行参数Flat fare 单一票制High-speed magnetic levitation (MAGLEV 高速磁悬浮系统High-speed rail ( ASK高速铁路系统Interchange station 换乘站Interior equipment车辆内部设备Main control box 主控制箱Mind the gap小心台阶跨度Motor air compression unit 电动空气压缩机组Plants入闸机Platform screen door 屏蔽门Power circuit 动力电路Power source tranformer 电源变压器Relay case继电器箱Rheostatic brake 电阻制动Semisurtender 半自动Shoe gear collector 受电靴装置Spray喷淋Station operator 站务员Swipe在解码器上刷卡Unmanned无人驾驶的UPS ( uninterruptible power supply）不间断电源Wheel chair lift 残疾人牵引车Absolute braking 全制动3Active Iong-stator 通电的5Address寻址访问6Adhesion 粘着7After-cooler后端冷却器1Albeit 虽然1Alighting 下车3Alongside 在侧面4Alternating current 交流电7Alternator交流发电机1Angle cock折角塞门1Appropriation bill 政府年度预算案5 Arguably 口J以说1Armature 转子3Asphalt沥青柏油2At the outset 开始1Automatic coupler 自动车钩1Ballast道五乍碎石2Batter slope 斜坡2Beam guidance 激光制导5Bearing distance 支撑距5Bleeding off 排出1Bogie转向架7Bolster-less 无摇枕4Bracket 支架3Brake hanger support 制动器支架支撑3 Brake hanger制动器支架3Brake pad 闸片3Brake shoe 闸瓦7Braking effort 制动力7Bulky笨重的5Bus-rapid-transit 快速公交系统4Cable trough 线缆槽2Cabling 布线6Caboose货车末尾列车员专用车厢2 Camber不垂直2Camshaft凸轮轴1Cantilever悬臂系统节4Cargo货运2Carriage运输部4Catenary mast接触网支柱2 Central power station 主变电站7 Cess人行道逃生道2Chair轨座2Checksum校验和6Cherry picker 车载升降台4Circuit breaker 断路器1Clamp 钳2Classification yard 编组车场2Clip夹子2Closed train-set固定编组车组6 Coach screw方头螺钉2Coasting 惰行7Coefficient 系数7Cog railway齿轨铁路2Colliery 煤矿1Colored-light signal 色灯信号3 Come apart 脱节3Compressor governor 压缩机调节器1 Compose 编组2Comprehensive 四通八达4 Compressor contactor 压缩机接触器1 Cone使…锥化3Configuration 布局4Connotation 含义，内涵4 Consummate 完美的1Contractor 压缩机1Converter 变流器1Converting plant 整流设备7Cooling coil 冷凝管1Corridor 通道5Corridor走廊；通道4Coupling head 连接插头1Crane吊车，起重机2Creep蠕动2Creosote木镭油，杂酚油2Crossing 辙叉4Curvature radius 曲率半径1Cyberization 网络化1Cylinder 缸7Data falsification 伪造数据6Dedicated 专用的4De-energized 失电3Deflexion 偏移7Delineate 描述2Demon strati on line 示范线5Denote表示指代5Desiccant 干燥剂1Desirable 可取的7Deterministic 确定性6Diamagnetic 反磁性5Displaced relatively 相对地位移7 Distribution of electric power 输配电能DMU diesel multiple unit 内燃动车组5 Drain cock 排气阀1Drain下水道排水道2Driving wheel 动轮7Drop to red掉红（信号词汇，专用）3 Electrification 电气化7Electrified channel 电气化通道4 Electrocuted 触电的4Eligible 有资质的5Embankment 路堤2EMC harsh电磁兼容性严苛6Envelope 壳层3Epidemic迅速发展4ERRI European Rail Research Institute;欧洲铁路研究院6 Extreme value 极值7Fail-safe mode故障导向安全模式3Feasibility study 可行性研究4Feasibility study 可行性研究5Fishplate 鱼尾板2Flange 凸缘3Flanged有凸缘的1Flash butt welding 仄I光攵寸接焊2Foot轨底2Footprint足印，柱子占用的空间4Free running自由运行7Freight train 货车1Fresco 壁画4Fritting 熔化6Fulfill the IEC 870-FT2 class 达到了…级标准6 Gangway贯通道（编组车厢之间）5Gauge仪表1Gearwheel 大齿轮3Generator 发电机1Genius独特优点3Geotechnical screen 土力屏障2Given class给定的一类7Grade at ~ 地面4Grade separation 立体交叉4Gradient 梯度3Greasing 注油3Halt停下3Hand-plug 手插式6Headway行车间隔3Heavy duty track 重型轨道2High service frequency 发车间隔短4 Hinged 钱接5Hollow中空的3Horse power 畜力1Hose软管1Hydraulic 液压的1ICE in tercity express 3IEC International Electro technical Commissi on 国际电工委员会6IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 电气和电子工程师协会6 Impending即将到来的3Impregnate 灌注2Inauguration procedure 初运行6Inductive loop cable 感应的线圈3Inductrack （线圈永磁）磁悬浮5Industrial frequency 工频7Industrial railway 工矿铁路2Interchanging hub 交换中心1Inter-cooler 中间冷却器1Interim 暂时4Interlocking 联锁3Interoperability 互操作性6Jerk颤动5Jointly develop 联合开发6Journal 轴颈7Jumper cable跨接电缆6Junction point 枢纽站5Kick后坐力1Knock off 撞坏1Layout 布局2Level track 平路7Levitation 悬浮2Lifting lug 吊耳3Light duty track 轻型轨道2Livening 激活1Longitudinal 纵向梯度1Maglev 磁浮2Main reservoir （MR 主风缸1Main-line 干线7Medium 媒体6Mimic panel 模拟盘3Mosaic镶嵌图案4MU multiple unit 动车组5Multiple unit 动车组1Neutral section switch detector 中性段开笑检测器3 Nimble灵活的，敏捷的5Oak栋树2Obsolescence circle 老化周期5Octet八位组（一字节）6One power unit动力单元/动车5Operating practice 运营经验5Operation on electrical sight 电气瞭望运行模式3 Overhead conductor 架空线触网7Own state of motion 原有运行状态7Pandrol clip 弹性扣件2Pantograph 受电弓1Parabola抛物线3Particle accelerator 粒子加速器5Payload-hauling有效载荷；载重量5Permagnet 永磁5Permissive block system 容许闭塞系统3 Pertaining to 附属于6Pinion小齿轮3Piston 活塞1Pit 井1Plague给…引麻烦4Plate-wa y板式铁路1Pneumatic 气动的1Point尖轨4Poll轮询6Polling rate轮询率/刷新率3Prerequisite 必备条件3Preservative 防护层2Prime mover 原动力5Prognostic factor 预后因素（推测结果的依据）2 Pump 泵1Rail anchors防爬器（轨上）2 Railroad tie =sleeper 轨枕2Rare-earth 桶土5Rear （in ~）of 后部4 Reciprocating pump 往复泵1 Rectifier 整流器7Reducing valve 减压阀1Re-emergence 再度出现4 Reference implementation 实施参考6 Regional rail 通勤铁路2 Repeater中继器4Replenish 重装满1Reprofile 修轮3Repulsive force 斥力5Resilient pad 弹性垫2Retardation 制动7Retrofit翻新；（配）装备6 Retrofitting 装备6Return current brush 回流电刷3 Reversing time 换向时间2Right of way 通行权3Rigid coupler 刚性车钩5Rolling stock 机车车辆1Rotary pump 旋转泵1Rubber 橡胶3Rubber-tyred train 橡胶轮缘2Rust生锈2Scenario 场景2Section effect at the rear 尾部的截面效应7 Seepage 渗漏2Semi-permanently coupled 半永久联挂5 Showcase 展示4Shunter扳道员，转辙员2Signal box调度室/信号楼3Six-compartment 六节编组4Sleeper 轨枕2Sliding打滑，空滑7Slipping 打滑7Snap折断2Soaked浸泡过的2Specification 规格2Splice钱接处2Spoiler扰流板5Sporadic偶发性的6Spring up 涌现2Squealing ( noise)尖声噪声3Staggered joint 错位峰2Standby current 维持电流1Standstill 静止7Star coupler星形耦合器(分路器)6Status quo 现状2Steering 转向3Stick out 显眼1Straddled-beam 跨坐式4Stranded train 故障列车3Streetcar有轨电车1Strenuous艰辛费力的5Substation变电所/辅变电站7Sub-structure 路基2Superimposed 普加至U 3Supplier供应商6Suspension tube 悬架管3Switch zone 道岔区3Switcher调车机车2Switching yard 调车场1Synergy 协同2Tail lamp尾灯/后灯3Task force 工作组5Technical consideration 技术层面考虑7 Tender 供应6Ticket hall售票大厅4Tile瓦片4Tilting train 摆式列车5Timber 木料2Toll-road收费道路1Topology拓扌卜6Topsoil 表土层2Tow牵引4Track slot price 运价2Train attributes 列车其他参数3 Train depot 车库2Train order 车次2Train resistance 列车阻力7Train spotting 看火车2Train-borne =on-board 列车载的1 Transformer-coupled 耦合变压器的6 Transit dependent 交通依赖者4 Transverse 横向的3T read踏面3Trolleybus无轨电车7Turboprop涡轮螺旋桨发动机5 Turnaround time 折返H寸间5 Twisted wire pairs 双绞线6UIC International Union of Rail ways 国际铁路联盟6 Uncoupling脱钩；解编3Uniform speed 匀速7Unroll 展开5Urban rail train ( URT 城市轨道交通1Vehicle/guideway interaction 车轨相互作用5 Wagonway马拉铁路1Wayside 轨旁3Web轨腰2Wheelset 轮对3Whilst 同时2WSP wheel slide protection 车轮防滑3WTB wire train bus绞线式列车总线6。
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准
精品文档城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准1．课程定位和课程设计1. 1课程性质与作用教学内容方法，该课程以培养学生城市轨道交通实用英语服务能力为方向，在课程定位、为专考试方法等方面中突出中职特点，密切结合行业和工作岗位需要补充教学与训练内容，业教学和交通后备高技能人才培养服务。
1.2课程设计思路以学生完成列车乘务员所需的工作任务和所应具备的职业能该课程的总体设计思路是：力为基础，打破以知识为主线的传统课程模式，转变为以能力为主线的课程模式。
．课程目标2）专业知识目标：通过本课程的学习，使学生熟悉问讯处，乘务组等各个列车乘务员岗1（发车词的英文版位的操作流程和操作要求，掌握报站、安全注意事项介绍、服务项目介绍、本等，达到列车乘务员职业标准的相关要求。
）社会能力目标：（2 ）具备诚实、守信的职业精神；1 ）具备善于沟通、合作和富有爱心的思想品质；2 ）树立安全和服务意识；3 在上述目标实现的基础上，形成职业能力目标：（3）职业能力目标1）能正确办理旅客的检票；2）会正确处理旅客的行李；3）严格按照操作规程，无误的操作机车设备4）能进行行李不正常的处理；．课程内容与教学要求3 专业英语的基本特点第一单元教学内容1. [p][b][k][ g][s][z][θ][e] 辅音(1) 音标：元音[i:] [i](2) 列车员与乘客之间问候、告别、介绍的常用句型和情景对话(3) 火车座位等级的介绍(4) 跨文化交际：关于中国、中国文化和中国人的对话重点句型：(5)Welcome to China!欢迎到中国来！Welcome to our train!欢迎乘坐本次列车！I hope you will enjoy your stay here.希望您在这里玩的愉快。
What's your impression of Beijing so far? 您目前对北京的印象如何？Wish you a pleasant journey!祝您旅途愉快！Could you tell me when our train is scheduled to arrive in Beijing? 精品文档．精品文档你能告诉我火车什么时候到北京吗？I'm the conductor of this carriage. 我是本车厢的乘务员。
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准
我是本车厢的乘务员。
Thereare4standardclassesofseats:hardseat,softseat,hardsleeper,softsleeper.
标准的座位等级有四种：硬座、软座、硬辅音[p][b][k][g][s][z][θ][e]的准确发音方法，做到会拼读、会拼写
3.实践建议
假设你是在行李托运处的工作人员，有外国乘客要托运行李，你将如何为他提供服务。根据以上场景编写对话并表演。
（三）青藏铁路
1.教学内容
(1)重读开音节和重读闭音节的读音规则
(2)有关列车的一般用语
(3)青藏铁路的简介
(4)跨文化交际：北京的名胜古迹和京剧的简介
(5)重点句型：
Pleasebereadytogetonboardthetrain.
1.教学内容
(1)音标：元音[?][?:]?辅音[ts][dz][t?][d?][tr][dr]
(2)接车用语、在贵宾候车室服务员和乘客的情景对话
(3)客车的种类
(4)跨文化交际：中国和其他国家不同的饮食
(5)重点句型：
Welcometoourstation!
欢迎来到我们车站！
Iamtheattendantintheguests’waitingroom.
不要怕，我来扶您。
HowmanytrainsaretherefromBeijingtoTianjineveryday?
从北京到天津每天有几辆车？
Couldyoutellmewheretohavemyticketendorsed?
请告诉我在哪里签票？
IwouldliketobooktwoticketsforGuangzhou.
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准1 •课程定位和课程设计1. 1课程性质与作用该课程以培养学生城市轨道交通实用英语服务能力为方向，在课程定位、教学内容方法，考试方法等方面中突出中职特点，密切结合行业和工作岗位需要补充教学与训练内容，为专业教学和交通后备高技能人才培养服务。
1.2课程设计思路该课程的总体设计思路是：以学生完成列车乘务员所需的工作任务和所应具备的职业能力为基础，打破以知识为主线的传统课程模式，转变为以能力为主线的课程模式。
2 •课程目标(1 )专业知识目标：通过本课程的学习，使学生熟悉问讯处，乘务组等各个列车乘务员岗位的操作流程和操作要求，掌握报站、安全注意事项介绍、服务项目介绍、发车词的英文版本等，达到列车乘务员职业标准的相关要求。
(2 )社会能力目标：1 )具备诚实、守信的职业精神；2 )具备善于沟通、合作和富有爱心的思想品质；3)树立安全和服务意识；(3) 职业能力目标在上述目标实现的基础上，形成职业能力目标：1) 能正确办理旅客的检票；2) 会正确处理旅客的行李；3) 严格按照操作规程，无误的操作机车设备4) 能进行行李不正常的处理；3 •课程内容与教学要求第一单元专业英语的基本特点1. 教学内容(1) 音标：元音[i：] [i] 辅音[p][b][k][ g][s][z][ 0 ][e]⑵列车员与乘客之间问候、告别、介绍的常用句型和情景对话(3) 火车座位等级的介绍(4) 跨文化交际：关于中国、中国文化和中国人的对话(5) 重点句型：Welcome to Chi na!欢迎到中国来！Welcome to our train!欢迎乘坐本次列车！I hope you will enjoy your stay here.希望您在这里玩的愉快。
What ' s your impression of Beijing so far?您目前对北京的印象如何？Wish you a pleasa nt journ ey!祝您旅途愉快！Could you tell me whe n our train is scheduled to arrive in Beiji ng?你能告诉我火车什么时候到北京吗？I ' m the con ductor of this carriage.我是本车厢的乘务员。
城轨专业英语
地铁metro/underground railway/subway城市轨道交通urban rail transit/mass transit设计使用年限designed lifetime运营概念operation concept旅行速度operation speed限界gauge正线main line辅助线assistant line联络线connecting line试车线testing line轨道结构track structure轨距gauge of track无缝线路seamless track整体道床monolithic track-bed路基subgrade站台计算长度computed length of platform车站公共区public zone of station无缝线路纵向水平力longitudinal horizontal force of seamless track无缝线路断轨力broken rail force of seamless track名挖法cut and cover盖挖顺筑法cover and cut-bottom up盖挖逆筑法cover and cut-top down矿山法mining method盾构法shield method沉管法immersed tube method防水等级grade of waterproof变形缝deformation joint刚柔结合的密封区rigid-flexible joint of sealed zone开式运行open made operation闭式运行close made operation活塞通风piston action ventilation合流制排放combined sewer system集中式供电centralized power supply mode分散式供电distribute power supply mode混合式供电combined power supply mode主变电所high voltage substation牵引降压混合变电所combined substation杂散电流stray current同步数字传输系统synchronous digital hierarchy transmission system(SDH) 全球定位系统global position system(GPS)列车自动控制automatic train control(ATC)列车自动监控automatic train supervision(ATS)列车自动防护automatic train protection(ATP)列车自动运行automatic train operation(ATO)调度集中centralized traffic control(CTC)自动人行道moving pavement自动售检票设备automatic fare collection火灾自动报警系统fire alarm system区域报警系统local alarm system集中报警系统remote alarm system环境与设备监控系统building automatic system(BAS)系统集成system integration(SI)运营控制中心operation control center(OCC)集中监控和管理concentration supervisory control and management 车辆段depot停车场stabling yard检修修程examine and repair program检修周期examine and repair period建筑设备自动化系统Building Automation System供电系统管理自动化Scan Control Alarm Database人机接口Man Machine Interface不间断电源供给Uninterrupted Power Supply南京一卡通系统NanJing Transportation Card System建设部Ministry of Corporation南京地铁公司NanJing Metro Corporation清结算数据中心Intermodality Data Center局域网Local Area Network广域网Wide Area Network开放传输网络Open Transport Network拖车Trailer Car(Tc(A))带受电弓的动车Motor Car With Pantograph(Mp(B))动车Motor Car(M(C))空载AW0每位乘客都有座位AW1每平方米6人AW2每平方米9人AW3非接触智能卡Contactless Smart Card(CSC)非接触智能筹码Contactless Smart Card(CST)设备运行参数Equipment Operating Data(EOD)名称全称中文意思FAS Fire Alarm System 火灾报警系统BAS Building Automation System 建筑设备自动化系统AFC Auto Fare Collection 自动售检票系统ATP Automatic Train Protection 列车自动防护ATS Automatic Train Supervision 列车自动监控ATC Automatic Train Control 列车自动控制ATO Automatic Train Operation 列车自动运行SCADA Scan Control Alarm Database 供电系统管理自动化OCC Operated Control Center 控制中心HMI Human Machine Interface 人机接口UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply 不间断电源MOC Ministry of construction 建设部TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol 传输控制协议/网络互联协议FTP File Transfer Protocol 文件传输协议API Application Programming Interface 应用程序接口IBP Integrated Backup Panel 综合后备盘LAN Local Area Network 局域网WAN Wide Area Network 广域网MTBF Mean Time Between Failure 平均无故障时间MTTR Mean Time To Repair 平均修复时间SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol 简单网络管理协议UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply 不间断电源IEEE Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers 国际电子与电气工程师协会GB GuoBiao 中国国家标准EN 欧洲标准OTN Open Transport Network 开放传输网络OSI Open System Internet 开放系统互联PC Personal Computer 个人计算机PIIS Passenger Information and Indication System 旅客向导系统PSD Platforms Screen Door 安全门QoS Quality of Service 服务质量RAMS 安全性、可靠性、可用性、可维护性TB TieBiao 中国铁道部标准CIF Cost Insurance and Freight 到岸价格UIC 国际铁路联盟ITU-T 国际电讯联盟IEC International Electrician Commission 国际电工委员会ISO International Organization ForStandardization 国际标准化组织ANSI American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准学会NFPA National Fire Protection Association 美国全国防火协会BSI British Standards Institution 英国标准学会DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung 德国标准化学会JISC Japanese Industrial Standards Committee 日本工业标准调查会EIA Electronic Industries Alliance 美国电子工业协会CCIR 国际无线咨询委员会标准ISO9001 质量安全体系标准ISO14000 环境管理体系标准RIA Railway Industry Association 铁路工业协会IDC I ntermodality Data Center 清结算数据中心Tc Trailer Car 带司机室拖车T Trailer 不带司机室拖车Mp Motor Car With Pantograph 带受电弓的动车M Motor Car 不带受电弓的动车AW0 空载AW1 每位乘客都有座位AW2 每平方米6人AW3 每平方米9人CSC Contactless Smart Card 非接触智能卡CST Contactless Smart Token 非接触智能筹码EOD Equipment Operating Data 设备运行参数车辆系统LRU Line Replaceable Unit 线路可替换单元TBD To be Defined 待定义，待规定TBEx Trailer Bogie-External 拖车外转向架TBIn Train Bogie-Intermediate 拖车中间转向架TBU Tread Brake Unit 踏面制动单元WSP Wheel Speed Sensor 轮速传感器PB Powered Bogie 动车转向架FDU Frontal Display Unit 前部显示单元IDU Internal Display Unit 内部显示单元TIMS Train Integrated Management System 列车综合管理系统DVA Digital and Audio Announcements 数字语音广播器MPU Main Processor Unit 主控单元APU Audio Power Unit 放大器单元VPI Visual Passenger Information 可视乘客信息VVVF Variable Voltage Variable Frequency 变压变频信号系统ACS Axle Counting System 计轴系统AM ATO Mode ATO自动折返模式AP Access Point 接入点AS Access Switch 接入交换机ATO Automatic Train Operation 列车自动运行ATP Automatic Train Protection 列车自动防护ATPM ATP Manual Mode ATP防护下的人工列车驾驶模式ATS Automatic Train Supervision 列车自动监控BS Backbone Switch 骨干交换机CBTC Communications-Based Train Control 基于通信的列车控制CC Carborne Controller 车载控制器CI Computer Based Interlocking 计算机联锁DCS Data Communication Subsystem 数据通信子系统DSU Database Storage Unit 数据库存储单元EB Emergency Brake 紧急制动ILC Interlocking Controller 联锁控制器LCD Liquid Crystal Displayer 液晶显示器LED Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管MAL Movement Authority Limit 移动授权MR Mobile Radio 车载无线台OCC Operational Control Center 运营控制中心RM Restricted Manual 限制人工模式TOD Train Operator Display 司机显示器通信系统MDF Multiplex Distribution Frame 综合配线架TBS TETRA Base Station TETRA基站PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange 专用自动小交换机DDF Digital Distribution Frame 光配线架ODF Optical Distribution Frame 数字配线架VDF Audio Distribution Frame 光配线架DxTiP Digital Exchange for TETRA 音频配线架ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network TETRA数字交换机OMS OTN Management System 综合业务数字网NCC Network Control System OTN管理系统PCM Pulse Code Modulation 脉冲编码调制TETRA Terrestial Trunked Radio 欧洲数字集群标准TDM Time Division Multiplexing 时分复用PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network 公用电话交换网CDD Configuration and Data Distribution Server 配置及数字分配服务器自动售检票系统CPS Central Processing System 中央计算机系统SPS Station Processing System 车站计算机系统PIN Personal Identification Number 个人身份号码ACC AFC Clearing Center 轨道交通AFC清算管理中心AGM Automatic Gate Machine 自动检票机TCM Ticket Checking Machine 自动验票机TVM Ticket Vending Machine 自动售票机SEMI-TVM Manually Operated Ticket Vending Machine 半自动售票机PVU Portable Verifying Unit 便携式验票机GATE 闸机火灾报警系统GCC Graphic Control ComputerFAC Fire Advisory Council 消防专项合格证书I/O Input/Output 输入/输出EST Edwards System Technology 爱德华系统技术NCS Network Control Station 网络控制工作站环境监控系统DCS Distributed Control System 集散控制系统PID Proportional-Integral-Differential 比例-积分-微分调节PLC Program Logical Controller 可编程序控制器RI/O Remote Input/Output 远程输入输出EMCS Electrical and Mechanical Control System 机电elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路mine railway 矿区铁路funicular (railway) 缆索铁路，登山铁路light railway line 轻便铁道urban railway 市区铁路railway network 铁路网railway transport 铁路运输trial run 试车open to traffic 通车porter 搬运工人ticket inspector 查票员ticket 车票single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票platform ticket 站台票railway station 车站station hall 车站大厅information desk 服务台waiting room 候车室passenger station 客车站time-table 时刻表arrival time-table到站时刻表departure time-table 发车时刻表ticket-collector, gateman 收票员ticket office, booking office售票处junction枢纽站rail and water terminal水陆联运站platform bridge天桥luggage barrow 推行李车enquiry office, information desk 问讯处way station 小站label 行李标签luggage office 行李房left-luggage office 行李暂存处platform-ticket 验票口barrier 栅栏门platform 站台(electric) platform truck站台车platform tunnel站台地道platform roofing 站台顶棚station-master 站长terminal; terminus 终点站escalator自动扶梯The train leaves the station at..., The train is due out at... 火车在（某时）离站to have one's ticket punched（给检票员）检票10 minutes behind schedule晚点十分钟to change trains at... 在（某地）换车The train is due at... 在（某时）到达to break the journey 中途下车dining car, restaurant car, diner 餐车pantry 餐车食品室open wagon, (railway) wagon, (railway) truck 敞车carriage, coach, car 车厢roof车顶concertina walls （车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷step; foot board （车厢门口的）踏板gangway （车厢的）通道lidded ashtray带盖烟灰盒tank wagon罐车mixed train 混合列车freight train, goods train 货物列车engine, locomotive 机车window seat 靠窗座位coach, passenger train客车express train, express 快车refrigerator wagon 冷藏车car attendant; train attendant 列车员guard, conductor 列车长slow train, way train 慢车covered wagon van, box car 棚车ordinary train 普通列车sleeping carriage with cushioned berths 软卧客车up train 上行车livestock wagon牲畜车sleeping car, sleeper 卧车down train 下行车luggage van, baggage car 行李车rack, baggage rack 行李架sleeping carriage with semicushioned berths 硬卧客车ordinary seat 硬席carriage with semicushioned seats硬座车mail car 邮政车mail and luggage van 邮政行李车through train直达车special train 专车pointsman, switchman 道岔工人signal for blocking the track, block signal 闭塞信号semaphore signal, home signal臂板信号warehouse 仓库siding, sidetrack侧线，旁轨turnout 岔道weighing machine 秤重机derailing （火车）出轨single line (track) rail 单线points, switches 道岔switch lock, point lock 道岔锁wait sign, wait signal 等候标志（信号）marshalling yard, shunting yard调车场dispatching 调度dispatcher 调度员crossover 渡线，转线轨道rail 钢轨track轨道sleeper, railroad tie 轨枕rail chair轨座buffer stop, bumping post 缓冲桩goods shed, freight depot货棚goods station 货运站，货站container 集装箱locomotive (engine) shed 机车库station warning sign 进站预告标clearance 净空(signal) gantry （铁路上支持信号装置的）跨线桥barrier （道口）拦路木section 路段reduce speed sign(al) 慢行标志（信号）bell and whistle sign, whistle sign鸣笛预告标platform car, flat car 平车grade crossing, level crossing（道路与铁路的）平面交叉track-laying machine, tracklayer铺轨机double line (track) rail 双线volume of railway freight 铁路货运量railway connections 铁路交叉点，铁路联络线railway warning sign 铁路警告标志railway clearance铁路净空railroad bed 铁路路基railway curve 铁路曲线（弯道）railway tunnel 铁路隧道railway line, railroad line 铁路线stop sign(al) 停车标志（信号）danger sign(al) 危险标志（信号）unprotected crossing 无防护设备的道口signal light (lamp) 信号灯signal box, signalman's cabin 信号房signalman 信号员wing rail (of frog) 翼轨distant signal, disk signal, target 圆盘信号机back-turning section 折返段frog 辙叉，岔心turn-table 车台，旋车盘point (box), switch (box) 转辙器switch signal, point indicator 转辙信号铁路工程词汇收藏线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey;geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计;铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路;铁道线路railway line铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve欠超高inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade;gradient;slope限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation避难线refuge siding;catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志;铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator;fouling post线路中心线track center line;central lines of track线间距离;线间距distance between centres of lines;distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks线路试验;线路实验track test;road test;running test路基subgrade铁路路基;路基;铁道路基railway subgrade;subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment;fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut;road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder;subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙;挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile;anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain;weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch 挡风墙wind-shield wall;wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence;snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge;rail gage;rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail;rail cant轨道力学track dynamics;track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance;ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability;stability of track轨道试验;轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction;wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道;轨道;铁道轨道railway track;track线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure;track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track;slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line;continuously welded rail track;jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail;standard shortened rail;fabricated short rail used on curves;standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap;joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint;welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator;insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening;rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening;elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening;separated rail fastening;indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike;track spike;rail spike;dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike;screw spike垫板tie-plate;tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate;rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper;anti-creeper;rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation;sub-rail foundation;sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper;tie;cross tie木枕wooden sleeper;wooden tie混凝土枕;砼枕concrete sleeper;concrete tie轨枕板;宽轨枕sleeper slab;broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper;steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper;switch tie;turnout tie桥枕bridge tie;bridge sleeper轨排track panel;track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed;ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed;solid bed;integrated ballast bed;monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床bituminous raodbed;asphalt roadbed;asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer;re-railer;rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper;bumper post道岔switch;point;turnout;switches and crossings单开道岔single point;simple turnout;lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout;symmetrical three throw turnout;three-way turnout交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog;crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog;assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog;movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails;movable-wing frog尖轨switch point;point tongue;switch rail;tongue rail;blade 滑床板slide chair;slide plate;switch plate基本轨stock rail翼轨wing rail护轮轨guard rail导曲线curve of turnout;lead curve道岔附带曲线curve following turnout branch line交叉crossing渡线track cross-over;crossover通过道岔passing switch铁路道口;铁道道口railway crossing平交道口level crossing道口板crossing slab道口路面crossing road surface立体交叉;立交grade separation线路施工track construction石方工程rock excavation土方工程earthwork填方filling挖方cutting土方调拨mass dispatching线路施工机械track construction machinery and equipment 轨道施工track construction轨道工程track construction轨道铺设track laying铺碴ballasting轨枕铺设sleeper laying铺轨rail-laying轨排组装track panel assembling轨排装运track panel loading轨排基地track panel base钢轨焊接rail welding钢轨热处理rail heat treatment钢轨铺设rail laying钢轨锁定rail locking道岔铺设switch laying轨道施工机械track construction machinery铺轨列车tracklaying train;track laying train铺轨机rail-laying machine;track laying machine钢轨焊接车rail welding car焊轨机steel rails weldeding mill;rail welding machine轨排组装机track panel assembling machine轨排运送车track panel transport car铺枕机sleeper-laying machine铺碴车ballasting car铺碴机ballasting machine铺道岔机turnout-laying machine焊接长钢轨运送车welding long rails transport car动力稳定车dynamic track stabilizer线路状态track state路基病害subgrade defect沉降settlement坍方落石;危石collapse rock翻浆冒泥frost boiling;mud-pumping路基壅水subgrade water damming路基渗流subgrade seepage flow路基冲刷subgrade erosion振动液化vibration liquifaction冻融freezing and thawing冻胀frost heaving冻害freezing damage;frost heaving雪害snow damage;snow blockade;snow drift沙害sand damage轨道状态track condition轨道变形track deformation;track disorder;track distortion 轨道不平顺track irregularity低接头depression of joint三角坑warp;twist钢轨爬行rail creeping涨轨跑道;钢轨鼓曲buckled track;rail buckle钢轨疲劳rail fatigue钢轨伤损rail failure;rail defects and failures钢轨断裂rail fracture钢轨裂纹rail crack;rail crackes轨头剥离rail head shelling;gage line shelly cracks钢轨锈蚀rail bubble;rail corrosion钢轨磨耗rail wearing波形磨耗;波浪磨耗undulatory wear螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack辙叉伤损;辙叉损伤frog failure木枕开裂wooden sleeper cracking轨枕伤损;轨枕伤损sleeper damage道床脏污ballast contamination线路养护track maintenance线路维修track maintenance;maintenance of track日常维修routine maintenance;current maintenance状态修repairing on condition;repair according to condition巡回检查inspection tour轨道检测机具track detection equipment道尺track gauge轨道检测track detection灾害检测装置disaster detector超声波探伤仪ultrasonic flaw detector钢轨探伤车rail detecting car;rail flaw detection car轨道检查车;轨检车track inspection car;track recording car 高速轨道检查车;高速轨检车high-speed track inspection car 养路作业track maintenance operation起道track lifting;raising of track垫碴起道ballast filling track lifting改道track realigning;gage correction;gaging of track拨道track lining捣固tamping除草weeding除草剂herbicide除雪snow clearing防冻anti-freezing融雪snow melt融雪剂snow melt agent钢轨加热rail heating钢轨打磨rail grinding钢轨矫直straightening of kinked rail钢轨更换rail replace钢轨探伤rail detecting钢轨焊补rail repairing welding轨缝调整rail gap adjusting应力放散stress-relieving钢轨温度rail temperature钢轨涂油rail lubrication轨枕更换sleeper replacement扣件作业fastening operation轨枕修补sleeper mending枕木防腐timber sleeper treating道岔养护switch maintenance道岔更换switch replacement辙叉焊补frog welding and repairing道床作业ballast operation道碴清筛ballast screening道碴更换ballast replacement道床整形ballast trimming曲线养护curved track maintenance线路管理系统track management system养路组织track maintenance organization养路计划track maintenance planning维修天窗maintenance time维修周期maintenance period养路安全track maintenance safety列车接近警报器;列车接近报警器;列车接近报警装置train approach warning device养路质量track maintenance quality养路机械化track maintenance machinization线路中修intermediate repair of track起道修;线路中修track raising repair;track intermediate overhaul线路大修major repair of track线路更新;线路大修track renewal;track overhauling线路修复track restoration铁路抢修;铁道抢修railway emergency maintenance养路机械track maintenance machine起道机track lifting machine拨道机track lining machine起拨道机track lifting and lining machine捣固机tamping machine捣固车tamping wagon道床夯拍机ballast compactor配碴整形机ballast distributing and trimming machine;ballast distributing and regulating machine道碴清筛机ballast cleaner扒碴机crib ballast raker;crib ballast removers道碴更换机ballast replacement eqnipment道床清扫机ballast cleaning machine轨枕更换机sleeper replacement equipment钢轨更换机rail replacement equipment钢轨打磨机rail grinding machine钢轨打磨车rail grinding wagon直轨器rail straightening tool;rail straightener锯轨机rail saw;rail cutting machine;rail sawing machine钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine钢轨加热器rail heater轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster;rail puller道钉机spike driver除雪机snowbreaker;snow removing machine;snow remover除雪车snow-fighting vehicle;snow plow;snow plough除草机weeder;weed cutting machine;weed cutter清沟机ditcher碎冰机ice crusher养路机具track maintenance implements液压机具hydraulic tool轨道车track car上下道装置up and down track device发电车mobile power plant car;generator car综合养路机械comprehensive track maintenance machine机械化养路基地mechanized maintenance base工务部门maintenance of way branch大修队capital repair brigade工务段engineering district;maintenance of way section;track division;track district;track maintenance division养路员工track maintenance worker工务修配厂maintenance of way shop焊轨厂rail welding plant枕木防腐厂timber sleeper treating plant采石场quarry;stonepit。
轨道交通专业词汇
1 / 37轨道交通专业词汇铁路；铁道 railway railroad 铁路线 railway line; railroad line铁路网 railway network; railroad network 铁道科学 railway science 铁路技术 railway technology 铁路等级 railway classification国有铁路 national railway; state railway 地方铁路 local railway; regional railway 私有铁路 private railway合资铁路 joint investment railway; jointly owned railway标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway 窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway 米轨铁路 meter-gage railway 宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway 单线铁路 single track railway 双线铁路 double track railway 多线铁路 multiple track railway 重载铁路 heavy haul railway 高速铁路 high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway; electric railway干线铁路 main line railway; trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway地下铁道；地铁 subway; metro; underground railway工业企业铁路 industry railway 矿山铁路 mine railway轻轨铁路 light railway; light rail 高架铁路 elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路 monorail; monorail railway磁浮铁路 magnetic levitation railway; maglev森林铁路 forest railway 山区铁路 mountain railway 既有铁路 existing railway 新建铁路 newly-built railway 改建铁路 reconstructed railway运营铁路 railway in operation; operation; operating railway专用铁路 special purpose railway 干线 trunk line; main line 支线 branch line铁路专用线 railway special line货运专线 railway line for freight traffic; freight special line; freight traffic only line 客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic; passenger special line; passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路 railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic 铁路运营长度；运营里程 operation length of railway; operating distance; revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section 区段 district轨距 rail gage; rail gauge 轮重 wheel load 轴重 axle load最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load 限制轴重 axle load limited 限界 clearance; gauge 限界图 clearance diagram铁路建筑限界 railway construction clearance; structure clearance for railway; railway struction gauge基本建筑限界 fundamental construction clearance; fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance; bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance; tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance for railway; vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界 loading clearance limit; loading gauge 阔大货物限界 clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension; clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界 clearance limit for overhead contract wire; clearance limit for overhead catenary system; overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction 轮轨关系 wheel-rail relation; wheel-rail interaction粘着系数 adhesion coefficient车轮滑行 wheel sliding; wheel skid 车轮空转 wheel slipping牵引种类 kinds of traction; category of traction牵引方式 mode of traction牵引定数 tonnage rating; tonnage of traction 装载系数 loading coefficient 速度 speed持续速度 continuous speed限制速度 limited speed; speed restriction 均衡速度 balancing speed构造速度 construction speed; design speed 最高速度 maximum speed 临界速度 critical speed 重载列车 heavy haul train 高速列车 high speed train超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突 train collision 列车尾追 train tail collision列车尾部防护 train rear end protection 伸缩运动 fore and aft motion 蛇行运动 hunting; nosing 列车压缩 train running in 列车拉伸 train running out 列车分离 train separation 列车颠覆 train overturning 列车动力学 train dynamics列车空气动力学 train acrodynamics 机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock 纵向振动 longitudinal vibration 横向振动 lateral vibration 垂向振动 vertical vibration 摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration 浮沉振动 bouncing; vibration 测滚振动 rolling ; vibration 测摆振动 swaying; vibration 点头振动 pitching; nodding 摇头振动 yawing; hunting机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock 机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling 纵向冲击 longitudinal impact 横向冲击 lateral impact 垂向冲击 vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化 automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control 编组场综合作业自动化 automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统 railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统 railway data exchange system运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system 铁路法 railway law 铁道法规 railway act 铁路条例 railway code铁路技术管理规程 regulations of railway technical operation综合运输 comprehensive transport; multi-mode transport; intermode transport 国际铁路联运 international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路 transcontinental railway; intercontinental railway; land-railway国际联运协定 agreement of internationalthrough traffic国际联运议定书 protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约 convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设 newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway; technical renovation of railway; betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway; main techincal requirement of railway单位工程 unit project 分部工程 part project 分项工程 item project预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study 项目建议书 proposed task of project 可行性研究 feasibility study设计阶段 design phase; design stage三阶段设计three-step design; three-phase design两阶段设计 two-step design; two-phase design一阶段设计 one-step design; one-phase design初步设计 preliminary design 技术设计 technical design扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design; expanded preliminary design施工图设计 construction detail design; working-drawing design 变更设计 altered design设计概算 apporximate estimate of design; budgetary estimate of design个别概算 individual approximate estimate 综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate总概算 sum of approximate estimate; total estimate; summary estimate修正总概算 amended sum of approximate estimate; revised general estimate调整总概算 adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算 checking of investment预算定额 rating of budget; rating form for budget概算定额 rating of approximate estimate; rating form for estimate投资估算 investment estimate 估算指标 index of estimate机械台班定额 rating per machine per team; rating per machine-team工程直接费 direct expense of project; direct cost of project工程间接费 indirect expense of project; indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design; appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project 铁路用地 right-of-way铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance调查测绘 survey and drawing of investigation; investigation survey; investigation surveying and sketching地形调查 topographic survey地貌调查 topographic feature survey; geomorphologic survey 地质调查 geologic survey经济调查 economicsurvey水文地质调查 土石成分调查 survey of composition土石物理力学性质 physical properties of soil and rock土石分类 地基承载力 bearing bearing capacity of2 / 37subgrade隧道围岩分级 classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological map; surveying and sketching of geological map勘探 exploration; prospecting 挖探 excavation prospecting 钻探 boring; exploration drilling 物探 geophysical prospecting室内测试 indoor test; laboratory test 原位测试 in situ test静力触探 static sounding; static probing; cone penetration test动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test 标准贯入试验 standard penetration test 区域地质 regional geology 工程地质 engineering geology 不良地质 unfavorable geology 特殊地质 special geology工程地质条件 engineering geologic; requirement; engineering geologic condition 气象资料 meteorological data 冻结深度 freezing depth地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake; seismic basic intensity工程地质图 engineering geological map 地层柱状图 column diagram of stratum; graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum 洪水调查 flood survey河道调查 river course survey冰凌调查 ice floe survey; frazil ice survey 汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面 hydrologic sectional drawing; dydrologic section; hydrologic cross-section 主河槽 main river channel设计流速 design current velocity设计高程；设计标高 design elevation河流比降 slope of river; comparable horizon of river历史洪水位 historic flood level 最高水位 highest water level; HWL 通航水位 navigation water level; NWL 桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert 水利半径 hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of bridge; top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计 survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度 slope of water surface 水文测量 hydrological survey泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭 watershed; dividing ridge汇水面积 catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area洪水频率 flood frequency 设计流量 design discharge 设计水位 design water level施工水位 construction level; construction water level; working water level设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph 容许冲刷 allowable scour 一般冲刷 general scour局部冲刷 local scour; partial scour 铁路测量 railway survey线路踏勘；草测 route reconnaissance 初测 preliminary survey定测 location survey; alignment; final location survey导线测量 traversing; traverse survey 光电导线 photoelectric traverse 地形测量 topographical survey横断面测量 cross leveling; cross-section survey; cross-section leveling线路测量 route survey; profile survey; longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量 survey of existing railway线路复测 repetition survey of existing railway; resurvey of existing railway测量精度 survey precision; precision of survey 均方差；中误差 mean square error最大误差；极限误差 maximum error; limiting error中线测量 center line survey 中线桩 center line stake加桩 additional stake; plus stake外移桩 shift out stake; stake outward; offset stake水准点高程测量 benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平 center stake leveling 曲线控制点 curve control point放线 setting-out of route; lay out of route 交点 intersection point副交点 auxiliary intersection point 转向角 deflection angle分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle 坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth 象限角 quadrantal angle经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate 断链 broken chain投影断链 projection of broken chain 断高 broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测 railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying航带设计 flight strip design; design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway engineering geology 测段 segment of survey航测选线 aerial surveying alignment航测外控点 field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统 global positioning system; GPS像片索引图 index of photography三角测量 trigonometric survey; triangulation 精密导线测量 precise traverse survey; accurate traverse survey三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量 ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey; through survey隧道洞口投点 horizontal point of tunnel portal; geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis铁路选线 railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway route selection平原地区选线 location in plain region; plain location越岭选线 location of mountain line; location of line in mountain region; location over mountain山区河谷选线 mountain and valley region location; location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线 hilly land location; location of line on hilly land工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location of line线间距 distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks车站分布 distribution of stations方案比选 scheme comparison; route alternative投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost 纸上定线 paper location of line缓坡地段 section of easy grade; section of gentle slope紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade; section fo insufficient grade导向线 leading line; alignment guiding line 拔起高度；克服高度 height of lifting; liftingheight; ascent of elevation横断面选线 cross-section method of railway location; location with cross-section method; cross-section method for location of line展线 extension of line; development of line; line development展线系数 coefficient of extension line; coefficient of development line 套线 overlapping line线路平面图 track plan; line plan线路纵断面图 track profile; line profile 站坪长度 length of station site 站坪坡度 grade of station site控制区间 control section; controlling section 最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve 圆曲线 circular curve 单曲线 simple curve缓和曲线 transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率 rate of easement curvature; rate of transition curve 复曲线 compound curve同向曲线 curves of same sense; adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线 reverse curve; curve of opposite sense夹直线 intermediate straight line; tangent between curves坡度 grade; gradient; slope 人字坡 double spur grade限制坡度 ruling grade; limiting grade加力牵引坡度 pusher grade; assisting grade 最大坡度 maximum grade 临界坡度 critical grade长大坡度 long steep grade; long heavy grade 动力坡度 momentum grade 均衡坡度 balanced grade 有害地段 harmful district 无害地段 harmless district变坡点 point of gradient change; breake in grade坡段 grade section坡段长度 length of grade section坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线 vertical curve分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度 slight grade; flat grade; easy grade 起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting加速缓坡 easy gradient for acceleration; accelerating grade坡度折减 compensation of gradient; gradient compensation; grade compensation曲线折减 compensation of curve; curve compesation隧道坡度折减 compensation of gradient in tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段 detouring section; round section 换侧；换边 change side of double line容许应力设计法 allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method 极限状态设计法 limit state design method 概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法 probabilisatic limit state design method 地震系数法 seismic coefficient method路基 subgrade; road bed; formation subgrade 岩石路基 rock subgrade渗水土路基 permeable soil subgrade; pervious embankment非渗水土路基impervious embankment特殊土路基 软土地区路基 subgrade in subgrade in soft; clay region泥沼地区路基 subgrade in morass swampland膨胀土地区路基；3 / 37swelling soil zone; subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone; subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基 subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基 subgrade under special condition河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach 滨河路堤 embankment on river bank水库路基 subgrade in reservoir; embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district; subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone; subgrade in talus zone; subgrade in scree zone 滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide 岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基 subgrade in cavity zone; subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基 subgrade in windy and sandy zone; subgrade in desert雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage zone; subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面 subgrade cross-section 路基面 subgrade surface; formation路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface; formation width路拱 road crown; subgrade crown路肩 Road shoulder; subgrade shoulder 路肩高程 formation level; shoulder level 路堤 embankment; fill 路堑 cut; road; cutting半堤半堑 part-cut and part-fill section; cut and fill section基床 subgrade bed; formation基床表层 surface layer of subgrade bed; formation top layer; surface layer of subgrade 基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基 general subgrade; ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度 minimum fill height of subgrade; minimum height of fill 临界高度 critical height 基底 foundation base; base路堤边坡 side slope of embankment; fill slope talus坡脚 toe of side slope 护道 berm取土坑 borrow pit路堤填料 embankment fill material; embankment filler; filling material of embankment填料分类 classification of filling material 岩块填料 rock block filler; rock filler; rock fill粗粒土填料 coarse-grained soil filler; coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料 fine-grained soil filler; fine-grained soil fill压实标准 compacting criteria 相对密度 relative density压实系数 compacting factor; compacting coefficient最佳含水量 optimum moisture content; best moisture content最佳密度 optimum density; best density核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量 reserve settlement; settlement allowance反压护道 berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm 石灰砂桩 lime sand pile换土 change soil; soil replacement爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion; discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤 throwing stones to packing sedimentation; packing sedimentation by throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting; rock blasting in cut定向爆破 directional blasting 浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting 深孔爆破 deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破 chamber explosive package blasting; chamher blasting扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting; abandonment blasting抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock 药壶爆破 pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting; contact blasting路堑边坡 cutting slope; side slope of cut 堑顶 top of cutting slope; top of cutting路堑平台 platform of cutting; berm in cutting 弃土堆 waste bank; bankette; spoil bank 挡土墙 retaining wall重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods; anchored bulkhead retaining wall; anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙 reinforced earth retaining wall; reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙 anchored bolt retaining wall; anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods 管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall 沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall抗滑桩 anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 护墙 guard wall护坡 slope protection; revertment; pitching 排水沟 weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch边沟；侧沟 side ditch天沟 gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch 吊沟 suspended ditch 跌水 hydraulic drop截水沟 intercepting ditch; catch-drain 急流槽 chute排水槽 drainage channel 渗水暗沟 blind drain渗水隧洞 leak tunnel; permeable tunnel; drainage tunnel渗井 leaching well; seepage well 渗管 leaky pipe平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage反滤层 reverse filtration layer; inverted filter; protective filter检查井 inspection well; manhole 砂井；排水砂井 sand drain隔断层 insulating course; insulating layer 透水路堤 pervious embankment; permeable embankment渗水路堤 immerseable embankment排水砂垫层 sand filled drainage layer; drainage sand blanker坡面防护 slope protection护岸 revetment; shore protection 导流堤 diversion dike拦石墙 stone cut off wall; stone falling wall; buttree落石槽 stone falling channel; trough for catching falling rocks柴排 firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine 固沙造林 stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙 wind-break wall防风栅栏 wind break fence 砂土液化 sand liquefaction中-活载 CR-live loading; China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载 design load 主力 principal load 恒载 dead load 土压力 earth load静水压力 hydrostatic pressure 浮力 buoyancy列车活载 live load of train列车离心力 centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train 冲击系数 ceofficient of impact 人行道荷载 sidewalk loading附加力 subsidiary load; secondary load 列车制动力 braking force of train 列车牵引力 tractive force of train 风荷载 wind load列车横向摇摆力 lateral swaying force of train流水压力 pressure of water flow 冰压力 ice pressure冻胀力 frost heaving force 特殊荷载 particular load船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft地震力 seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity 地震震级 earthquake magnitude 施工荷载 constructional loading 荷载组合 loading conbination 铁路桥 railway bridge公铁两用桥 combined bridge; combined highway and railway bridge; combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥 overpass bridge; grade separation bridge; flyover 高架桥 viaduct 旱桥 dry bridge人行桥 foot bridge; pedestrian bridge 圬工桥 masonry bridge 钢桥 steel bridge铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge 全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator 混凝土桥 concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁 pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥 partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥 composite beam bridge 低高度梁 shallow girder无碴无枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper 型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge 连续梁桥悬臂梁桥 板桥 slab bridge空心板桥 hollow slab bridge 板梁 plate girder 工形梁 I-beam 箱形梁 box girder 槽形梁 trough girder 桁架 truss拆装式桁架4 / 37刚架桥；刚构桥 rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge 悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge 悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge 斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge浮桥 pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau bridge拱桥 arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱 fixed-end arch 双铰拱 two-hinged arch 三铰拱 three-hinged arch实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel arch空腹拱 open-spandrel arch双曲拱 two-way curved arch; cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge; flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥 Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥 Nielsen type Lhse bridge ；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders 活动桥 movable bridge 竖旋桥 bascule bridge 平旋桥 swing bridge 升降桥 lift bridge 正交桥 right bridge 斜交桥 skew bridge 曲线桥 curved bridge 曲梁 curved beam特大桥 super maior bridge 大桥 major bridge 中桥 medium bridge 小桥 minor bridge单线桥 single track bridge 双线桥 double track bridge 多线桥 multi-track bridge 正桥; 主桥 main bridge 引桥 approach spans 上承式桥 deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式 half through bridge; midheight deck bridge 下承式桥 through bridge 双层桥 double-deck bridge 永久性桥 permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge 跨径；跨度 span 净跨 clear spam桥梁全长 overall length of bridge 桥下净空 underneath clearance主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder节间长度 panel length 梁高 depth of girder 拱度 camber 挠度 deflection 节间 panel锚跨；锚孔 anchor span 悬跨；吊孔 suspended span 桥梁上部结构 superstructure 腹板 web plate 翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate 弦杆 chord member 腹杆 web member 斜杆 diagonal member 竖杆 vertical member 吊杆 suspender hanger 加劲杆 stiffener 节点 panel point 节点板 gusset plate 拼接板 splice plate 缀条 lacing bar缀板 stay plate; tie plate侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing 横联 sway bracing制动撑架 braking bracing 桥门架 portal frame 纵梁 stringer横梁 floor beam; transverse beam 桥面系 floor system 端横梁 end floor beam起重横梁 jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效 strain ageing 碳当量 carbon equivalent 钢丝 steel wire钢丝束 bundled steel wires 钢绞线 steel strand钢筋 reinforcement; steel bar 箍筋 stirrup纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement 弯起钢筋 bent-up bar 架立钢筋 erection bar构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement 预应力筋 tendon 套管 sheath 梁腋 haunch 拱圈 arch ring 拱肋 arch rib 拱顶 rach crown 拱矢 rise of arch 起拱点 springing 拱腹 soffit拱腹线 intrados 拱背钱 extrados桥塔 bridge tower; pylon 索平面 cable plane 缆索 cable斜缆 stay cable; inclined cable 吊缆 suspension cable 索鞍 cable saddle索夹 cable band; cable clamp 锚座 socket 锚碇 anchorage明桥面 open deck; ballastless deck; open floor桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough道碴桥面 ballasted deck; ballasted floor 桥梁护轨 guard rall of bridge 桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge 桥枕 bridge tie; bridge sleeper 桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge 步行板 foot plank避车台 refuge platform 伸缩缝 expansion joint正交异性板 orthotropic plate 栏杆 railing; handrail; handrailing 泻水孔 drainage opening直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector 支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活动支座 expension bearing; movable bearing平板支座 plate bearing 摇轴芝座 rocker bearing 滚轴支座 roller bearing 球面支座 spherical bearing板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing 盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座 poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing; PTFE bearing涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation 弛振 galloping 颤振 flutter 扰流板 spoiler 风嘴 wind fairing桥梁自振周期 natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法 erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法 erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法 launching method赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法 catilever erection; erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法 cast-in-place cantilever construction ；free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法 cantilevered assembling constrution; free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件 precast concrete units; precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller 桥梁合龙 closure就地贯注法 cast-in-place method; cast-in-situ method活动吊篮 travelling cradle 顶进法 jack-in method旋转法施工；转体施工 erection by swing method液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack 桥梁下部结构 substructure 桥台 abutment重力式桥台 gravity abutment 埋置式桥台 buried abutment锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutment U 形桥台 U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台 abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身 abutment body 前墙 front wall台帽 abutment coping 翼墙 wing wall锥体护坡 quadrant revetment; truncated cone banking台后填方 filling behind abutment 桥墩 pier空心桥墩 hollow pier 实体桥墩 solid pier 重力式桥墩 gravity pier 柔性桥墩 flexible pier拼装式桥墩 assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units 制动墩 braking pier 柱式桥墩 column pier V 形桥墩 V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier 圆形桥墩 circular pier 矩形桥墩 rectangular pier 排架式桥墩 pile bent pier 墩身 pier body; pier shaft 墩帽 pier coping围栏 railing around coping of pier or abutment承台 bearing platform破冰体 ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater; ice guard地基 foundation; foundation soil; subgrade 加固地基 improved foundation; improved ground天然地基 natural foundation; natural ground 桥梁基础 bridge foundation 扩大基础 spread foundation明挖基础 open-cut foundation; open excavation foundation沉井基础 open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation 沉井刃脚围堰 cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础 cofferdam bored foundation预制钢壳钻孔基础 bored foundation泥浆套沉井法 slurry sinking caisson空气幕沉井法 caisson5 / 37沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation 管柱基础 tubular column foundation 桩基础 pile foundation 预制桩 precast pile就地灌注桩 cast-in-place concrete pile; cast-in-situ concrete pile螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile 摩擦桩 friction pile 支承桩 bearing pile 钻孔桩 bored pile 挖孔桩 dug pile 钢桩 steel pile钢管桩 steel pipe pile 钢板桩 steel sheet pile 板桩 sheet pile 木桩 timber pile钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile 砂桩 sand pile挤密砂桩 sand compaction pile 流砂 quick sand; drift sand 送桩 pile follower 试桩 test pile斜桩 batter pile; raking pile; spur pile 护筒 pile casting重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法 method of lime-soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土 underwater concreting; concreting with tremie method 导流建筑物 regulating structure 丁坝；挑水坝 spur dike 顺坝 longitudinal dam 河床铺砌 river bed paving 码头 wharf 排架 bent脚手架 scaffold悬空脚手架 hanging stage; hanging scaffold 铁路涵洞 railway culvert 涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert 管涵 pipe culvert 箱涵 box culvert 拱涵 arch culvert 盖板涵 slab culvert无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert 压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert 明渠 open channel; open ditch; open drain 倒虹吸管 inverted siphon 潮汐河流 tidal river 淤积 silting; siltation 流冰 ice drift铁路轮渡 railway car ferries 轮渡站 ferry station轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge 渡轮 ferry boat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道 ferry slip 铁路隧道 railway tunnel 山岭隧道 mountain tunnel越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道 subaqueous tunnel; underwater tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunnel; underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel; shallow-depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道 deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel; deep burying tunnel单线隧道 single track tunnel 双线隧道 double track tunnel 多线隧道 multiple track tunnel 车站隧道 station tunnel地铁车站 subway station; metro station 特长隧道 super long tunnel 长隧道 long tunnel中长隧道 medium tunnel 短隧道 short tunnel 隧道群 tunnel group地铁工程 subway engineering; metro engineering洞口 tunnel adit; tunnel opening 隧道进口 tunnel entrance 隧道出口 tunnel exit迎坡；正面坡 front slope 洞门 tunnel portal洞门框 tunnel portal frame端墙式洞门 end wall tunnel portal 柱式洞门 post tunnel portal翼墙式洞门 wing wall tunnel portal 耳墙式洞门 ear wall tunnel portal 台阶式洞门 bench tunnel portal正洞门 orthonormal tunnel portal; straight tunnel portal斜洞门 skew tunnel portal明洞门 open-cut-tunnel portal; gallery portal 衬砌 lining 拱圈 arch 边墙 side wall仰拱 invert; inverted arch 底板 floor整体式衬砌 integral lining装配式衬砌 precast lining; prefabricated lining模筑衬砌 moulded lining洞口段衬砌 lining of tunnel portal section 偏压衬砌 unsymmetrically loading lining; eccentrically compressed lining组合衬砌；复合衬砌 composite lining 初期支护 primary support 二次衬砌 secondary lining 隔离层 isolation layer喷锚衬砌 shorcrete bolt lining 下锚段衬砌；接触网锚段衬砌 anchor-section lining挤压混凝土衬砌 extruding concrete tunnel lining隔热层 thermal insulation layer明洞 open-cut tunnel; tunnel without cover; gallery拱形明洞 arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery 棚洞 shed tunnel; shed gallery路堑式明洞 cut-type open cut tunnel; cut-type tunnel without cover; cut-type gallery 半路堑式明洞 part cut-type open cut tunnel; part cut-type tunnel without cover; part cut-type gallery抗滑明洞 anti-skid-type open cut tunnel; anti-skid-type tunnel without cover; anti-skid-type gallery盖板式棚洞 slab shed tunnel; slab shed gallery刚架式棚洞 framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery悬臂式棚洞 cantilever shed tunnel; cantilever shed gallery隧道专家系统 expert system of tunnel 围岩 surrounding rock围岩压力 pressure of surrounding rock 地层压力 ground pressure; stratum pressure 松弛压力 relaxation pressure 形变压力 deformation pressure围岩自承能力 self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock坑道自稳时间 self-stabilization time of tunnel弹性抗力 elastic resistance 灌浆压力 grouting pressure落石冲击力 impact force of falling stone 隧道埋置深度；埋深 buried depth of tunnel 地温梯度 geothermal gradient 地应力 crustal stress预留变形量 deformation allowance 暗挖法 subsurface excavation method 明挖法 open-cut method矿山法 mining method; mine tunneling method钻眼爆破法 drilling and blasting method新奥法 New Austrian Tunnelling Method; NA TM喷锚构筑法 shotcrete-bolt constructionmethod掘进机法 tunnel boring machine method 盾构法 shield method沉管法 immersed tunnelling method地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall method; underground wall method; diaphragm wall method全断面开挖法 full-face tunnelling method 分部开挖法 partial excavation method 台阶法 benching tunnelling method正台阶法 positive benching tunnelling method反台阶法 negative benching tunnelling method导坑 heading上下导坑法 top and bottom heading method 上导坑法 top-heading method漏斗棚架法 hopper-shed support tunnelling method蘑菇形开挖法 mushroom-type tunnelling method侧壁导坑法 side heading method单侧导坑法 single side heading method 双侧导坑法 twin-side heading method品字形导坑法 top and twin-side bottom heading method眼睛式开挖法 spectacles type tunnelling method超前导坑 advance heading 扩大 enlargement拉槽 pull trough; trench excavated马口 excavation of side wall at intervals 控制爆破 controlled blasting 光面爆破 smooth blasting 预裂爆破 presplit blasting先墙后拱法 side wall first lining method先拱后墙法 arch first lining method; flying arch method开挖工作面 excavated surface; excavated work face超挖 overbreak 欠挖 underbreak 找顶 top cleaning出碴 mucking and removing 有轨运输 track transportation 无规运输 trackless transportation 拱圈封顶 closing the top of lining 墙顶封口 seal; seal at the top of wall 喷射混凝土回弹 rebound of shotcrete 隧道贯通 tunnel holing-through 隧道贯通误差 tunnel through error 隧道贯通面 tunnel through plane 临时支护 temporary support 构件支撑 member support 钢拱支撑 steel arch support喷射混凝土支护 shotcrete support 锚杆支护 anchor bolt support喷锚支护 shotcrete and rock bolt support 系统锚杆 system anchor bolt 超前支护 advance support 超前锚杆 advance anchor bolt插板支护 inserting plate support; forepoling 小导管预注浆 pre-grouting with small duct 管棚支护 pipe-shed support; pipe roofing support格构拱；钢花拱；格棚拱 trellis arch; lattice arch喷射混凝土 shotcrete; spray concrete 干喷混凝土 dry shotcreting 湿喷混凝土 wet shotcreting潮喷混凝土；半湿喷混shotcreting喷射钢纤维混凝土 fiber reinforced shotcrete防水混凝土 预切槽 precutting trough 辅助坑道 service gallery 竖井 shaft斜井 inclined shaft 横洞 transverse gallery。
轨道交通专业词汇
轨道交通专业词汇铁路；铁道railway railroad铁路线railway line; railroad line铁路网railway network; railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway; state railway地方铁路local railway; regional railway私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway; jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway; electric railway干线铁路main line railway; trunk railway市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway; metro; underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway; light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail; monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway; maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation; operation; operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line; main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic; freight special line; freight traffic only line客运专线railway line for passenger traffic; passenger special line; passenger traffic only line 客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway; operating distance; revenue length列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage; rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance; gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance; structure clearance for railway; railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance; fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance; bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance; tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway; vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit; loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension; clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire; clearance limit for overhead catenary system; overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation; wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding; wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction; category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating; tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed; speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed; design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting; nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing; vibration测滚振动rolling ; vibration测摆振动swaying; vibration点头振动pitching; nodding摇头振动yawing; hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport; multi-mode transport; intermode transport国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway; intercontinental railway; land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway; technical renovation of railway; betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway; main techincal requirement of railway单位工程unit project分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre-feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase; design stage三阶段设计three-step design; three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design; two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design; one-phase design初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design; expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design; working-drawing design变更设计altered design设计概算apporximate estimate of design; budgetary estimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate; total estimate; summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate; revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget; rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate; rating form for estimate投资估算investment estimate估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team; rating per machine-team工程直接费direct expense of project; direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project; indirect cost of project工程预备费reserve fund of project设计鉴定certification of design; appraisal of design竣工决算final accounts of completed project铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation; investigation survey; investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey; geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey经济调查economic investigation; economic survey水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类classificaion of soil and rock地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation; bearing capacity of ground; bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map; surveying and sketching of geological map 勘探exploration; prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring; exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test; laboratory test原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding; static probing; cone penetration test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic; requirement; engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data冻结深度freezing depth地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake; seismic basic intensity工程地质图engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum; graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum洪水调查flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey; frazil ice survey汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing; dydrologic section; hydrologic cross-section主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river; comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level; HWL通航水位navigation water level; NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge; top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow分水岭watershed; dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level; construction water level; working water level 设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour; partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey; alignment; final location survey导线测量traversing; traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling; cross-section survey; cross-section leveling线路测量route survey; profile survey; longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway; resurvey of existing railway 测量精度survey precision; precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error; limiting error中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake; plus stake外移桩shift out stake; stake outward; offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route; lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design; design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system; GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey; triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey; accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey; through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal; geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region; plain location越岭选线location of mountain line; location of line in mountain region; location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location; location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location; location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison; route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade; section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade; section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line; alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting; lifting height; ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location; location with cross-section method; cross-section method for location of line展线extension of line; development of line; line development展线系数coefficient of extension line; coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan; line plan线路纵断面图track profile; line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section; controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature; rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense; adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve; curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line; tangent between curves坡度grade; gradient; slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade; assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade; long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change; breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade; flat grade; easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration; accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient; gradient compensation; grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve; curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section; round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade; road bed; formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade; pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade; impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone; subgrade in soft; clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone; subgrade in morass region; subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone; subgrade in expansive soil region 盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone; subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir; embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district; subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone; subgrade in talus zone; subgrade in scree zone 滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone; subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone; subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone; subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface; formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface; formation width路拱road crown; subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder; subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level; shoulder level路堤embankment; fill路堑cut; road; cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section; cut and fill section基床subgrade bed; formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed; formation top layer; surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade; ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade; minimum height of fill临界高度critical height基底foundation base; base路堤边坡side slope of embankment; fill slope talus坡脚toe of side slope护道berm取土坑borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material; embankment filler; filling material of embankment填料分类classification of filling material岩块填料rock block filler; rock filler; rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler; coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler; fine-grained soil fill压实标准compacting criteria相对密度relative density压实系数compacting factor; compacting coefficient最佳含水量optimum moisture content; best moisture content最佳密度optimum density; best density核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement; settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil; soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion; discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation; packing sedimentation by throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting; rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting; chamher blasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting; abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin-point blasting松动爆破blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting; contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope; side slope of cut堑顶top of cutting slope; top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting; berm in cutting弃土堆waste bank; bankette; spoil bank挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods; anchored bulkhead retaining wall; anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall; reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall; anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile护墙guard wall护坡slope protection; revertment; pitching排水沟weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch跌水hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch; catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel; permeable tunnel; drainage tunnel渗井leaching well; seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole drainage反滤层reverse filtration layer; inverted filter; protective filter 检查井inspection well; manhole砂井；排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course; insulating layer透水路堤pervious embankment; permeable embankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer; drainage sand blanker 坡面防护slope protection护岸revetment; shore protection导流堤diversion dike拦石墙stone cut off wall; stone falling wall; buttree落石槽stone falling channel; trough for catching falling rocks 柴排firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙wind-break wall防风栅栏wind break fence砂土液化sand liquefaction中-活载CR-live loading; China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train冲击系数ceofficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load; secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train风荷载wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力pressure of water flow冰压力ice pressure冻胀力frost heaving force特殊荷载particular load船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft地震力seismic force地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude施工荷载constructional loading荷载组合loading conbination铁路桥railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge; combined highway and railway bridge; combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge; grade separation bridge; flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥dry bridge人行桥foot bridge; pedestrian bridge圬工桥masonry bridge钢桥steel bridge铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥composite beam bridge低高度梁shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge板桥slab bridge空心板桥hollow slab bridge板梁plate girder工形梁I-beam箱形梁box girder槽形梁trough girder桁架truss拆装式桁架demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau bridge拱桥arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch双铰拱two-hinged arch三铰拱three-hinged arch实腹拱spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel arch空腹拱open-spandrel arch双曲拱two-way curved arch; cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge; flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders 尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥movable bridge竖旋桥bascule bridge平旋桥swing bridge升降桥lift bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge曲线桥curved bridge曲梁curved beam特大桥super maior bridge大桥major bridge中桥medium bridge小桥minor bridge单线桥single track bridge双线桥double track bridge多线桥multi-track bridge正桥; 主桥main bridge引桥approach spans上承式桥deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge; midheight deck bridge下承式桥through bridge双层桥double-deck bridge永久性桥permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge跨径；跨度span净跨clear spam桥梁全长overall length of bridge桥下净空underneath clearance主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder节间长度panel length梁高depth of girder拱度camber挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchor span悬跨；吊孔suspended span桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板web plate翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate弦杆chord member腹杆web member斜杆diagonal member竖杆vertical member吊杆suspender hanger加劲杆stiffener节点panel point节点板gusset plate拼接板splice plate缀条lacing bar缀板stay plate; tie plate侧向水平联结系lateral bracing横联sway bracing制动撑架braking bracing桥门架portal frame纵梁stringer横梁floor beam; transverse beam桥面系floor system端横梁end floor beam起重横梁jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle change 应变时效strain ageing碳当量carbon equivalent钢丝steel wire钢丝束bundled steel wires钢绞线steel strand钢筋reinforcement; steel bar箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋bent-up bar架立钢筋erection bar构造钢筋constructional reinforcement预应力筋tendon套管sheath拱圈arch ring拱肋arch rib拱顶rach crown拱矢rise of arch起拱点springing拱腹soffit拱腹线intrados拱背钱extrados桥塔bridge tower; pylon索平面cable plane缆索cable斜缆stay cable; inclined cable吊缆suspension cable索鞍cable saddle索夹cable band; cable clamp锚座socket锚碇anchorage明桥面open deck; ballastless deck; open floor桥梁道碴槽ballast trough道碴桥面ballasted deck; ballasted floor桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge桥梁护木guard timber of bridge桥枕bridge tie; bridge sleeper桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge步行板foot plank避车台refuge platform伸缩缝expansion joint正交异性板orthotropic plate栏杆railing; handrail; handrailing泻水孔drainage opening直结轨道track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expension bearing; movable bearing平板支座plate bearing摇轴芝座rocker bearing滚轴支座roller bearing球面支座spherical bearing板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing; PTFE bearing 涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation颤振flutter扰流板spoiler风嘴wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法launching method赝架式架设法erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法catilever erection; erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution; free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units; precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller桥梁合龙closure就地贯注法cast-in-place method; cast-in-situ method活动吊篮travelling cradle顶进法jack-in method旋转法施工；转体施工erection by swing method液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulic tensioning jack桥梁下部结构substructure桥台abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutmentU形桥台U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身abutment body前墙front wall台帽abutment coping翼墙wing wall锥体护坡quadrant revetment; truncated cone banking台后填方filling behind abutment桥墩pier空心桥墩hollow pier实体桥墩solid pier重力式桥墩gravity pier柔性桥墩flexible pier拼装式桥墩assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units制动墩braking pier柱式桥墩column pierV形桥墩V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩round-ended pier圆形桥墩circular pier矩形桥墩rectangular pier排架式桥墩pile bent pier墩身pier body; pier shaft墩帽pier coping围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台bearing platform破冰体ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater; ice guard地基foundation; foundation soil; subgrade加固地基improved foundation; improved ground天然地基natural foundation; natural ground桥梁基础bridge foundation扩大基础spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation; open excavation foundation沉井基础open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚cutting edge of open caisson围堰cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation 预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricated steel shell bored foundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础tubular column foundation桩基础pile foundation预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile; cast-in-situ concrete pile 螺旋喷射桩auger injected pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile钻孔桩bored pile挖孔桩dug pile钢桩steel pile钢管桩steel pipe pile钢板桩steel sheet pile板桩sheet pile木桩timber pile钢筋混凝土桩reinforced concrete pile砂桩sand pile挤密砂桩sand compaction pile流砂quick sand; drift sand送桩pile follower试桩test pile斜桩batter pile; raking pile; spur pile护筒pile casting重锤夯实法heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法method of lime-soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting; concreting with tremie method 导流建筑物regulating structure丁坝；挑水坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam河床铺砌river bed paving码头wharf排架bent脚手架scaffold悬空脚手架hanging stage; hanging scaffold铁路涵洞railway culvert涵洞孔径aperture of culvert管涵pipe culvert箱涵box culvert拱涵arch culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞outlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert明渠open channel; open ditch; open drain倒虹吸管inverted siphon潮汐河流tidal river淤积silting; siltation流冰ice drift铁路轮渡railway car ferries轮渡站ferry station轮渡栈桥ferry trestle bridge渡轮ferry boat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferry slip铁路隧道railway tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel; underwater tunnel地铁隧道subway tunnel; underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel; shallow-depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel 深埋隧道deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel; deep burying tunnel单线隧道single track tunnel双线隧道double track tunnel多线隧道multiple track tunnel车站隧道station tunnel。
铁路专业外语知识点总结
铁路专业外语知识点总结在铁路行业中，外语是非常重要的技能，特别是对于那些需要与国际客户或合作伙伴打交道的专业人士。
本文将总结铁路专业外语知识点，并提供一些相关的例子和技巧，帮助读者更好地学习和应用外语在铁路行业中。
1. 专业词汇在铁路行业中，有许多专业词汇是必须掌握的。
这些词汇涉及到铁路设备、技术、安全标准等方面，例如：- 轨道 (track)- 信号 (signal)- 机车 (locomotive)- 车厢 (carriage)- 车站 (station)- 铁路线路 (railway line)- 股道 (track)- 转辙器 (point)- 站台 (platform)- 联锁 (interlocking)这些专业词汇在铁路行业中经常会出现，并且在交流和沟通中起着非常重要的作用。
因此，对这些词汇的掌握是非常关键的。
2. 语法和句型在学习铁路专业外语时，对于语法和句型的掌握也是非常重要的。
使用准确的语法和句型可以让沟通更加流畅和清晰，避免产生误解。
- 时态的运用：如何正确地使用过去时、现在时和将来时来描述铁路设备的状态或事件。
- 从句的运用：如何正确地使用定语从句或状语从句来修饰名词或动词，使句子更加复杂和丰富。
- 否定句和疑问句的构成：如何正确地构成否定句和疑问句，以便在交流中表达不同的意思。
3. 交际用语在铁路行业中，常常需要进行各种形式的交际，包括与客户、合作伙伴或同事的日常交流。
因此，在学习铁路专业外语时，掌握一些常用的交际用语是非常重要的。
- 问候和介绍：如何正确地向他人问好或介绍自己，例如：“你好，我是XX，我是这里的工程师。
”- 请求和建议：如何委婉地向他人提出请求或建议，例如：“您能否帮助我们检查一下这辆列车的信号系统？”- 表达意见：如何礼貌地表达自己的意见或看法，例如：“我认为我们应该更加重视列车的安全问题。
”- 表达感谢：如何向他人表示感谢，例如：“非常感谢您的帮助和支持。
轨道交通车辆工程专业英语阅读课程教学大纲
轨道交通车辆工程专业英语阅读课程教学大纲
课程英文名称：Professional English Reading
课程编号：0900650 学分： 1 学时：16
一、课程教学对象
本课程的教学对象为轨道交通车辆工程专业本科学生
二、课程性质及教学目的
轨道交通专业英语阅读课程是轨道交通车辆工程专业方向的一门专业课程，选修。
通过本课程的学习，可以为学生学习轨道交通车辆后续课程和从事轨道交通车辆制造、维护、检修等工作打下良好的基础。
本课程内容主要包括磁悬浮技术，编组站，轻轨，铁路车辆，单轨，列车，高速列车，火车站，地铁，地铁信号，重庆轻轨，广州地铁等方面的专业英语知识阅读。
三、对先修知识的要求
学生在学习本课之前，应先修课程：理论力学、材料力学、机械设计原理、轨道交通系统概论
四、课程的主要内容、基本要求和学时分配建议（总学时数: 16 ）
五、建议使用教材及参考书
闵丽平. 城市轨道交通专业英语[M]. 北京：中国铁道出版社，2011六、课程考核方式
结合平时作业及综合应用和设计（或小论文）综合评定成绩。
专业英语 轨道交通工程
10. Rail Transit Engineering10.1 Text10.1.1 PassageLight RailLight rail or light rail transit (LRT) is a particular class of urban and suburban passenger railway that uses equipment and infrastructure that is generally less massive than that used for rapid transit systems, with modern light rail vehicles usually running along the system.轻轨或轻轨交通是一类特殊的城市和郊区铁路客运，其设备和基础设施规模一般小于快速公交系统，和现代轻轨车辆通常使用同一系统。
Light rail is the successor term to streetcar, trolley and tram in many locales, although the term is most consistently applied to modern tram or trolley operations employing features more generally associated with metro or subway operations, including exclusive rights-of-way, multiple unit train configuration and signal control of operations.轻轨是继有轨电车和电车后出现的，虽然这个术语始终一贯地应用于现代有轨电车，其使用特点通常与地下铁道或地铁有很多关联，包括独立路权，多单元列车配置和信号控制操作系统。
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准1．课程定位和课程设计1.1课程性质与作用该课程以培养学生城市轨道交通实用英语服务能力为方向，在课程定位、教学内容方法，考试方法等方面中突出中职特点，密切结合行业和工作岗位需要补充教学与训练内容，为专业教学和交通后备高技能人才培养服务。
1.2课程设计思路该课程的总体设计思路是：以学生完成列车乘务员所需的工作任务和所应具备的职业能力为基础，打破以知识为主线的传统课程模式，转变为以能力为主线的课程模式。
2．课程目标（1）专业知识目标：通过本课程的学习，使学生熟悉问讯处，乘务组等各个列车乘务员岗位的操作流程和操作要求，掌握报站、安全注意事项介绍、服务项目介绍、发车词的英文版本等，达到列车乘务员职业标准的相关要求。
（2）社会能力目标：1）具备诚实、守信的职业精神；2）具备善于沟通、合作和富有爱心的思想品质；3）树立安全和服务意识；（3）职业能力目标?在上述目标实现的基础上，形成职业能力目标：1）能正确办理旅客的检票；2）会正确处理旅客的行李；3）严格按照操作规程，无误的操作机车设备4）能进行行李不正常的处理；3．课程内容与教学要求第一单元专业英语的基本特点1.教学内容(1)音标：元音[i:][i]?辅音[p][b][k][g][s][z][θ][e](2)列车员与乘客之间问候、告别、介绍的常用句型和情景对话(3)火车座位等级的介绍(4)跨文化交际：关于中国、中国文化和中国人的对话(5)重点句型：WelcometoChina!欢迎到中国来！Welcometoourtrain!欢迎乘坐本次列车！Ihopeyouwillenjoyyourstayhere.希望您在这里玩的愉快。
What’syourimpressionofBeijings ofar您目前对北京的印象如何？Wishyouapleasantjourney!祝您旅途愉快！CouldyoutellmewhenourtrainisscheduledtoarriveinBeijing 你能告诉我火车什么时候到北京吗？I’mtheconductorofthiscarriage.我是本车厢的乘务员。
城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语培养目标与授课的优化
城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语培养目标与授课的优化作者：李健来源：《教书育人·高教论坛》2011年第07期一城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语课程教学目标在对城市轨道交通专业人才大量需求的背景之下，院校开设城市轨道交通运营管理专业以希望培养出大量符合城市轨道交通运营管理实际需要的专业人才。
“城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语”作为一门专业课，有着其独特的地位和作用。
优化城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语课程授课思路，引导学生通过对城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语的学习和把握，使之成为具备高素质的优秀城市轨道交通运营管理专业人才。
在城市轨道交通运营管理专业课程的讲授中，必须要注重学生对城市轨道交通运营管理相关专业英语的听、说、读、写、译等各项能力培养，这就要求在具体的课程授课过程中，注意安排好课程进度与知识板块的合理布局，各种需要培养的能力结合城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语知识得以综合锻炼和提高。
二城市轨道交通运营管理专业英语“听、说”的能力培养一般来讲，大多专业英语授课过程中都仅仅是强调学生对专业文献资料的阅读和翻译能力的培养，而忽视了对学生“听和说”的能力培养，但实际而言，听和说对于城市轨道交通运营管理专业学生来讲，有着非常重要的作用和意义。
一方面，城市轨道交通运营管理专业的学生毕业后有一部分同学所要从事的是城市轨道交通客运服务方面的工作，要面对的是乘客，城市轨道交通作为城市交通大动脉既是应对大型活动大客流的必要手段，同时也是展现我国城市发展生动鲜活的实例，这就需要我们的城市轨道交通运营管理工作人员必须能够顺畅地听懂对方的问题，又能用流利的英文予以解答在城市轨道交通运营中的自动售检票系统(AFC)、闸机故障、自动充值机、自动售票机(TVM)、补票、列车晚点、列车跳站停车、行车安全注意事项、乘客乘车导向等等相关问题，在打造优质地铁服务质量水平服务好地铁乘客的同时，也展现我国城市地铁员工的良好精神面貌。
另一方面，作为世界地铁发展的一部分，需要了解城市轨道交通运营管理世界发展的前沿动态，需要培养出来的学生能够听懂在城市轨道交通运营管理相关的国际论坛、国际会议中的专家、学者的讲座发言，不但能够听懂所讲内容的其然，更要能够用流利的英文就自己所关心的问题进行提问加深对讲授内容的理解而知其所以然，这样我们才能够借鉴国外先进的城市轨道交通运营管理理论和经验，结合我国城市发展实际予以转化吸收。
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准
城市轨道交通专业英语课程标准1．课程定位和课程设计1. 1课程性质与作用该课程以培养学生城市轨道交通实用英语服务能力为方向，在课程定位、教学内容方法，考试方法等方面中突出中职特点，密切结合行业和工作岗位需要补充教学与训练内容，为专业教学和交通后备高技能人才培养服务。
1.2课程设计思路该课程的总体设计思路是：以学生完成列车乘务员所需的工作任务和所应具备的职业能力为基础，打破以知识为主线的传统课程模式，转变为以能力为主线的课程模式。
2．课程目标（1）专业知识目标：通过本课程的学习，使学生熟悉问讯处，乘务组等各个列车乘务员岗位的操作流程和操作要求，掌握报站、安全注意事项介绍、服务项目介绍、发车词的英文版本等，达到列车乘务员职业标准的相关要求。
（2）社会能力目标：1）具备诚实、守信的职业精神；2）具备善于沟通、合作和富有爱心的思想品质；3）树立安全和服务意识；（3）职业能力目标在上述目标实现的基础上，形成职业能力目标：1）能正确办理旅客的检票；2）会正确处理旅客的行李；3）严格按照操作规程，无误的操作机车设备4）能进行行李不正常的处理；3．课程内容与教学要求第一单元专业英语的基本特点1.教学内容(1) 音标：元音[i:] [i] 辅音[p][b][k][ g][s][z][θ][ð](2) 列车员与乘客之间问候、告别、介绍的常用句型和情景对话(3) 火车座位等级的介绍(4) 跨文化交际：关于中国、中国文化和中国人的对话(5) 重点句型：Welcome to China!欢迎到中国来！Welcome to our train!欢迎乘坐本次列车！I hope you will enjoy your stay here.希望您在这里玩的愉快。
What’s your impression of Beijing so far?您目前对北京的印象如何？Wish you a pleasant journey!祝您旅途愉快！Could you tell me when our train is scheduled to arrive in Beijing?你能告诉我火车什么时候到北京吗？I’m the conductor of this carriage.我是本车厢的乘务员。
整理轨道交通专业术语中英文对照
16
080804
电力电子与电力传动
Power Electronics and Power Drives
17
081001
通信与信息系统
Communication and Information Systems
18
081203
计算机应用技术
Computer Applied Technology
4
080201
机械制造及其自动化
Mechanical Manufacture and Automation
5
080202
机械电子工程
Mechatronic Engineering
6
080203
机械设计与理论
Mechanical Design and Theory
7
080706
化工过程机械
Chemical Process Equipment
材料加工工程
Materials Processing Engineering
13
080601
冶金物理化学
Physical Chemist81101
控制理论与控制工程
Control Theory and Control Engineering
15
080802
电力系统及其自动化
轨道交通专业术语中英文对照
整理表
姓名:
职业工种:
申请级别:
受理机构:
填报日期:
专业中英文对照表
序号
专业代码
中文专业名称
英文专业名称
1
070104
应用数学
Applied Mathematics
城市轨道交通专业英语
城市轨道交通专业英语flat fare 单一票制swipe 在解码器上刷（卡）interchange station 换乘站concourse 站厅automation vending machine 自动售票机wheel chair lift 残疾人牵引车station operator 站务员crowd management plants 客流控制entry gate 入闸机security check 安检mind the gap 小心台阶间跨度classification 编组6-car set/unit 六节编组motor car 动车trailer 拖车pantograph 受电弓cab 驾驶室bogie 转向架coupler buffer connecting device 车钩缓冲连接装置brake device：制动装置:air brake 空气制动rheostatic brake 电阻制动regenerative brake 再生制动electromagnetic rail brake 磁轨制动current collector 受流装置conductor rail collector 第三轨受电器shoegear 受电靴装置collector shoe 受电靴interior equipment 车辆内部设备Electricity 车电Ventilation 通风Heating 取暖Air conditioning 空调Seat 座椅Handle 拉手Device system：设备装置Storage battery box 蓄电池箱Relay case 继电器箱Main control box 主控制箱Motor air compression unit 电动空气压缩机组Power source transformer 电源变压器Electrical switch 电气开关Contactor box 接触器箱Electrical system：车辆电气系统：Power circuit 动力电路Main circuit 主电路Auxiliary circuit 辅助电路Control circuit 控制电路ATO（Automatic Train Operation) 列车自动运行系统ATP（Automatic Train Protection）列车自动保护系统ATS（Automatic Train Supervision）列车自动监控系统ATC（Automatic Train control system）列车自动控制系统Console 操作台Unmanned 无人驾驶的Platform screen door 屏蔽门Evacuate 疏散Overhead wires 架空导线Third rail 第三轨UPS（Uninterruptible Power Supply）不间断电源BAS（Building Automation System）环控系统Sensor 传感器FAS（Fire Alarm System) 火灾报警系统Spray 喷淋Linkage 连接、连锁、联动Block 闭塞Interlock 联锁Ccv（Chrysler's Composite Concept Vehicle) 组合概念车High—speed rail（ASK）高速铁路系统High-speed magnetic levitation（MAGLEV）高速磁悬浮系统Navigation 导航semi- 半，半自动sur- 上，外，超tender 投标。
铁路术语专用英语
铁路专用英语专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey;geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计;铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路;铁道线路railway line铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve欠超高inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade;gradient;slope限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation避难线refuge siding;catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志;铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator;fouling post线路中心线track center line;central lines of track线间距离;线间距distance between centres of lines;distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks线路试验;线路实验track test;road test;running test路基subgrade铁路路基;路基;铁道路基railway subgrade;subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment;fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut;road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder;subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙;挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile;anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain;weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch挡风墙wind-shield wall;wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence;snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge;rail gage;rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail;rail cant轨道力学track dynamics;track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance;ballast resistance 扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability;stability of track轨道试验;轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction;wheel-rail relation 轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道;轨道;铁道轨道railway track;track线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure;track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track;slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line;continuously welded rail track;jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail;standard shortened rail;fabricated short rail used on curves;standard curtailed rail 热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap;joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint;welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator;insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening;rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening;elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening;separated rail fastening;indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike;track spike;rail spike;dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike;screw spike垫板tie-plate;tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate;rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper;anti-creeper;rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation;sub-rail foundation;sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper;tie;cross tie木枕wooden sleeper;wooden tie混凝土枕;砼枕concrete sleeper;concrete tie轨枕板;宽轨枕sleeper slab;broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper;steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper;switch tie;turnout tie桥枕bridge tie;bridge sleeper轨排track panel;track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed;ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed;solid bed;integrated ballast bed;monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床bituminous raodbed;asphalt roadbed;asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer;re-railer;rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper;bumper post道岔switch;point;turnout;switches and crossings单开道岔single point;simple turnout;lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout;symmetrical three throw turnout;three-way turnout 交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog;crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog;assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog;movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails;movable-wing frog尖轨switch point;point tongue;switch rail;tongue rail;blade滑床板slide chair;slide plate;switch plate基本轨stock rail翼轨wing rail护轮轨guard rail导曲线curve of turnout;lead curve道岔附带曲线curve following turnout branch line交叉crossing渡线track cross-over;crossover通过道岔passing switch铁路道口;铁道道口railway crossing平交道口level crossing道口板crossing slab道口路面crossing road surface立体交叉;立交grade separation线路施工track construction石方工程rock excavation土方工程earthwork填方filling挖方cutting土方调拨mass dispatching线路施工机械track construction machinery and equipment 轨道施工track construction轨道工程track construction轨道铺设track laying铺碴ballasting轨枕铺设sleeper laying铺轨rail-laying轨排组装track panel assembling轨排装运track panel loading轨排基地track panel base钢轨焊接rail welding钢轨热处理rail heat treatment钢轨铺设rail laying钢轨锁定rail locking道岔铺设switch laying轨道施工机械track construction machinery铺轨列车tracklaying train;track laying train铺轨机rail-laying machine;track laying machine钢轨焊接车rail welding car焊轨机steel rails weldeding mill;rail welding machine轨排组装机track panel assembling machine轨排运送车track panel transport car铺枕机sleeper-laying machine铺碴车ballasting car铺碴机ballasting machine铺道岔机turnout-laying machine焊接长钢轨运送车welding long rails transport car动力稳定车dynamic track stabilizer线路状态track state路基病害subgrade defect沉降settlement坍方落石;危石collapse rock翻浆冒泥frost boiling;mud-pumping路基壅水subgrade water damming路基渗流subgrade seepage flow路基冲刷subgrade erosion振动液化vibration liquifaction冻融freezing and thawing冻胀frost heaving冻害freezing damage;frost heaving雪害snow damage;snow blockade;snow drift沙害sand damage轨道状态track condition轨道变形track deformation;track disorder;track distortion 轨道不平顺track irregularity低接头depression of joint三角坑warp;twist钢轨爬行rail creeping涨轨跑道;钢轨鼓曲buckled track;rail buckle钢轨疲劳rail fatigue钢轨伤损rail failure;rail defects and failures钢轨断裂rail fracture钢轨裂纹rail crack;rail crackes轨头剥离rail head shelling;gage line shelly cracks钢轨锈蚀rail bubble;rail corrosion钢轨磨耗rail wearing波形磨耗;波浪磨耗undulatory wear螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack辙叉伤损;辙叉损伤frog failure木枕开裂wooden sleeper cracking轨枕伤损;轨枕伤损sleeper damage道床脏污ballast contamination线路养护track maintenance线路维修track maintenance;maintenance of track日常维修routine maintenance;current maintenance状态修repairing on condition;repair according to condition巡回检查inspection tour轨道检测机具track detection equipment道尺track gauge轨道检测track detection灾害检测装置disaster detector超声波探伤仪ultrasonic flaw detector钢轨探伤车rail detecting car;rail flaw detection car轨道检查车;轨检车track inspection car;track recording car 高速轨道检查车;高速轨检车high-speed track inspection car 养路作业track maintenance operation起道track lifting;raising of track垫碴起道ballast filling track lifting改道track realigning;gage correction;gaging of track拨道track lining捣固tamping除草weeding除草剂herbicide除雪snow clearing防冻anti-freezing融雪snow melt融雪剂snow melt agent钢轨加热rail heating钢轨打磨rail grinding钢轨矫直straightening of kinked rail 钢轨更换rail replace钢轨探伤rail detecting钢轨焊补rail repairing welding轨缝调整rail gap adjusting应力放散stress-relieving钢轨温度rail temperature钢轨涂油rail lubrication轨枕更换sleeper replacement扣件作业fastening operation轨枕修补sleeper mending枕木防腐timber sleeper treating道岔养护switch maintenance道岔更换switch replacement辙叉焊补frog welding and repairing 道床作业ballast operation道碴清筛ballast screening道碴更换ballast replacement道床整形ballast trimming曲线养护curved track maintenance线路管理系统track management system养路组织track maintenance organization养路计划track maintenance planning维修天窗maintenance time维修周期maintenance period养路安全track maintenance safety列车接近警报器;列车接近报警器;列车接近报警装置train approach warning device养路质量track maintenance quality养路机械化track maintenance machinization线路中修intermediate repair of track起道修;线路中修track raising repair;track intermediate overhaul线路大修major repair of track线路更新;线路大修track renewal;track overhauling线路修复track restoration铁路抢修;铁道抢修railway emergency maintenance养路机械track maintenance machine起道机track lifting machine拨道机track lining machine起拨道机track lifting and lining machine捣固机tamping machine捣固车tamping wagon道床夯拍机ballast compactor配碴整形机ballast distributing and trimming machine;ballast distributing and regulating machine 道碴清筛机ballast cleaner扒碴机crib ballast raker;crib ballast removers道碴更换机ballast replacement eqnipment道床清扫机ballast cleaning machine轨枕更换机sleeper replacement equipment钢轨更换机rail replacement equipment钢轨打磨机rail grinding machine钢轨打磨车rail grinding wagon直轨器rail straightening tool;rail straightener锯轨机rail saw;rail cutting machine;rail sawing machine钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine钢轨加热器rail heater轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster;rail puller道钉机spike driver除雪机snowbreaker;snow removing machine;snow remover除雪车snow-fighting vehicle;snow plow;snow plough除草机weeder;weed cutting machine;weed cutter清沟机ditcher碎冰机ice crusher养路机具track maintenance implements液压机具hydraulic tool轨道车track car上下道装置up and down track device发电车mobile power plant car;generator car综合养路机械comprehensive track maintenance machine机械化养路基地mechanized maintenance base工务部门maintenance of way branch大修队capital repair brigade工务段engineering district;maintenance of way section;track division;track district;track maintenance division养路员工track maintenance worker工务修配厂maintenance of way shop焊轨厂rail welding plant枕木防腐厂timber sleeper treating plant采石场quarry;stonepit铁路专业英语词汇________________________________________elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路mine railway 矿区铁路funicular (railway) 缆索铁路，登山铁路light railway line 轻便铁道urban railway 市区铁路railway network 铁路网railway transport 铁路运输trial run 试车open to traffic 通车porter 搬运工人ticket inspector 查票员ticket 车票single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票platform ticket 站台票railway station 车站station hall 车站大厅information desk 服务台waiting room 候车室passenger station 客车站time-table 时刻表arrival time-table到站时刻表departure time-table 发车时刻表ticket-collector, gateman 收票员ticket office, booking office售票处junction枢纽站rail and water terminal水陆联运站platform bridge天桥luggage barrow 推行李车enquiry office, information desk 问讯处way station 小站label 行李标签luggage office 行李房left-luggage office 行李暂存处platform-ticket 验票口barrier 栅栏门platform 站台(electric) platform truck站台车platform tunnel站台地道platform roofing 站台顶棚station-master 站长terminal; terminus 终点站escalator自动扶梯The train leaves the station at..., The train is due out at... 火车在（某时）离站to have one's ticket punched（给检票员）检票10 minutes behind schedule晚点十分钟to change trains at... 在（某地）换车The train is due at... 在（某时）到达to break the journey 中途下车dining car, restaurant car, diner 餐车pantry 餐车食品室open wagon, (railway) wagon, (railway) truck 敞车carriage, coach, car 车厢roof车顶concertina walls （车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷step; foot board （车厢门口的）踏板gangway （车厢的）通道lidded ashtray带盖烟灰盒tank wagon罐车mixed train 混合列车freight train, goods train 货物列车engine, locomotive 机车window seat 靠窗座位coach, passenger train客车express train, express 快车refrigerator wagon 冷藏车car attendant; train attendant 列车员guard, conductor 列车长slow train, way train 慢车covered wagon van, box car 棚车ordinary train 普通列车sleeping carriage with cushioned berths 软卧客车up train 上行车livestock wagon牲畜车sleeping car, sleeper 卧车down train 下行车luggage van, baggage car 行李车rack, baggage rack 行李架sleeping carriage with semicushioned berths 硬卧客车ordinary seat 硬席carriage with semicushioned seats硬座车mail car 邮政车mail and luggage van 邮政行李车through train直达车special train 专车pointsman, switchman 道岔工人signal for blocking the track, block signal 闭塞信号semaphore signal, home signal臂板信号warehouse 仓库siding, sidetrack侧线，旁轨turnout 岔道weighing machine 秤重机derailing （火车）出轨single line (track) rail 单线points, switches 道岔switch lock, point lock 道岔锁wait sign, wait signal 等候标志（信号）marshalling yard, shunting yard调车场dispatching 调度dispatcher 调度员crossover 渡线，转线轨道rail 钢轨track轨道sleeper, railroad tie 轨枕rail chair轨座buffer stop, bumping post 缓冲桩goods shed, freight depot货棚goods station 货运站，货站container 集装箱locomotive (engine) shed 机车库station warning sign 进站预告标clearance 净空(signal) gantry （铁路上支持信号装置的）跨线桥barrier （道口）拦路木section 路段reduce speed sign(al) 慢行标志（信号）bell and whistle sign, whistle sign鸣笛预告标platform car, flat car 平车grade crossing, level crossing（道路与铁路的）平面交叉track-laying machine, tracklayer铺轨机double line (track) rail 双线volume of railway freight 铁路货运量railway connections 铁路交叉点，铁路联络线railway warning sign 铁路警告标志railway clearance铁路净空railroad bed 铁路路基railway curve 铁路曲线（弯道）railway tunnel 铁路隧道railway line, railroad line 铁路线stop sign(al) 停车标志（信号）danger sign(al) 危险标志（信号）unprotected crossing 无防护设备的道口signal light (lamp) 信号灯signal box, signalman's cabin 信号房signalman 信号员wing rail (of frog) 翼轨distant signal, disk signal, target 圆盘信号机back-turning section 折返段frog 辙叉，岔心turn-table 车台，旋车盘point (box), switch (box) 转辙器switch signal, point indicator 转辙信号。
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一旦一个信号操作员掌握了联锁装置,他就可能在其他事上更容易胜任。 初级工通常去做一些“替班”的工作，包含在更多高级操作员离开的时间 （应做的工作）。
• traditionally 照惯例；传统上 • visualize v.使看得见；形象化；设想 • promote 升迁
照惯例铁路上会将操作员升任为调度员,这样就能确保一个调度员清楚的了解 铁路是如何运作的。 当下发命令的人可以清楚地看到需要做什么时，调度员下发命令给操作员， 这样他们的工作都会更容易（完成）。
通过“替班”工作，操作员可能经常工作在两个或两个以上的信号塔 才能获得整整一周的工资。 在更多的地方取得资格的操作员将会有更多的工作机会。
• This practice encouraged tower operators to gain familiarity with a whole line or region. • Eventually,a junior employee might find a regular tower to work in.
• By working “relief”,an operator might regularly work in two or more towers to earn a full week's pay. • By qualifying in more places,the operator would have more opportunities to work.
• Once a tower operator mastered one interlocking,he could then more easily qualify on others. • It was typical for junior employees to work “relief” jobs,covering the days more senior operators were off.
• gain familiarity with 熟悉 • re悉一整条线路或整片地区。 最终,初级工可能会找到一个有规律的信号塔去工作（正式工作）。
• Railroads traditionally promoted operators to dispatchers,which ensured that a dispatcher had a clear understanding of how the railroad worked. • Dispatchers gave instructions to the operators,and both jobs were easiler when the person giving instructions could clearly visualize what needed to be done.