2017考研MBA管理类联考英语考试真题及答案

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2017年考研英语真题及解析

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word (s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding “yes!”1helping you feel close and 2to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a 3of health benefits to your body and mind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you 4getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5over 400health adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6the participants’susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8with a cold,and the researchers 9that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10about 32percent of that beneficial effect.11among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12.“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13risk for colds that’s usually 14with stress,”notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15the feeling that others are there to help 16difficulty.”Some experts 17the stress-reducing ,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin,often called “the bonding hormone”18it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mother and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into thebloodstream.But some of it 19in the brain,where it 20mood,behavior and physiology.1.[A]Unlike [B]Besides[C]Throughout [D]Despite 2.[A]equal [B]restricted [C]connected [D]inferior 3.[A]host [B]view [C]lesson [D]choice 4.[A]recall[B]forget [C]avoid [D]keep 5.[A]collecting [B]affecting [C]guiding [D]involving 6.[A]on [B]in [C]at [D]of 7.[A]devoted [B]exposed [C]lost [D]attracted 8.[A]across [B]along [C]down [D]out 9.[A]imagined[B]denied[C]doubted[D]calculated供学习参考Q10.[A]served [B]explained [C]restored [D]required 11.[A]Thus [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Even 12.[A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]errors [D]tests 13.[A]highlighted [B]minimized [C]controlled [D]increased 14.[A]associated [B]equipped [C]presented [D]compared 15.[A]assess [B]moderate [C]generate [D]record 16.[A]in the face of [B]in the form of [C]in the way of [D]in the name of 17.[A]attribute [B]commit [C]transfer [D]return 18.[A]unless [B]because [C]though [D]until 19.[A]emerges [B]vanishes [C]remains [D]decreases 20.[A]experiences [B]combines[C]justifies[D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text 1First two hours ,now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight ,at least at some major U.S.airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why.But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.And it should:Wasted time is a drag on Americans’economic and private lives,not to mention infuriating.Last year,the Transportation Security Administration (TSA)found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then,combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line.Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that more供学习参考Qpeople are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire:Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA.Passengers who pass a background check areeligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on travellers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved.The TSA wants to enroll 25million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that,and one big reason is sticker shock.Passengers must pay $85every five years to process their background checks.Since the beginning,this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.It is long past time to make the program work.21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804is mentioned to [A]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B]explain Americans’tolerance of current security checks.[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[D]emphasis the importance of privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A]New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C]An increase in the number of travelers.[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word “expedited”(Line 4,Para.5)is closest in meaning to [A]quieter.[B]faster.[C]wider.[D]cheaper.24.One problem with the PreCheck program is [A]A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B]Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C]The government’s reluctance to back it.供学习参考Q[D]An unreasonable price for enrollment.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Getting Stuck in Security Lines [B]PreCheck—a Belated Solution [C]Less Screening for More Safety [D]Underused PreCheck Lanes Text 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii’s last reigning monarch,in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT),a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity’s view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcanoworshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world’s most powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea’s peak rises above the bulk of our planet’s dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island’s inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past;it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn ofcivilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned供学习参考Qto a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26.Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1indicates [A]its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B]the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D]her appreciation of star watchers’feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to [A]its geographical features [B]its protective surroundings.[C]its religious implications.[D]its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A]it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B]it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C]their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D]they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5that progress in today’s astronomy [A]is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B]helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C]may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D]will eventually soften Hawaiians’hostility.30.The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of [A]severe criticism.[B]passive acceptance.[C]slight hesitancy.[D]full approval.Text 3Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.供学习参考QThe question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so well,then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDP,over 40different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes .Yes ,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008global crash ,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education ,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn’t the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society,income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.So,what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes –all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31.Robert F.Kennedy is cited because he [A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness .[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .[D]had a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2that [A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.供学习参考Q[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?[A]It is sponsored by 163countries .[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[C]Its criteria are questionable .[D]Its results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs,the author suggests that [A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being,a UK Lesson [B]GDP Figures ,a Window on Global Economic Health [C]Rebort F.Kennedy ,a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit,the UK’s Gateway to Well-being Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling,the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor,Robert McDonnell.But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct,which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr.McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials,unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials,is not corruption,the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is“distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws,proof must be made of concrete benefits,such as approval of a contract or regulation.Simply arranging a meeting,making a phone call,or hosting an event is not an “official act”.The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal.Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.”The basic compact underlyingrepresentative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,”assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”供学习参考QBut the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives,not the courts,to ensure equality of access to government.Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because anindividual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency,such as records of official meetings,rules on lobbying,and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption.But it is not always corruption.Rather officials must avoid double standards,or different types of access for average people and the wealthy.If connections can be bought,a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined.Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence (Para.1)most probably shows that the court[A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B]made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C]was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D]refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37.According to Paragraph 4,an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A]leaking secrets intentionally.[B]sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C]concrete returns for gift-givers.[D]breaking contracts officially.38.The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are [A]justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B]qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C]allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D]exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39.Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to [A]awaken the conscience of officials.[B]guarantee fair play in official access.[C]allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D]inspire hopes in average people.供学习参考Q40.The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is [A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive Part B Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For Questions 41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box.Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]The first published sketch,“A Dinner at Poplar Walk”brought tears to Dickens’s eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine.From then on his sketches,which appeared under the pen name “Boz”in The Evening Chronicle,earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers,as it is generally known today,secured Dickens’s fame.There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars,and the plump,spectacled hero,Samuel Pickwick,became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared,a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments,as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour,who had originated the idea for the story.Withcharacteristic confidence,Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour’s pictures illustrate his own story instead.After the first installment,Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.Seymour made the change,went into his backyard,and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide.Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist.The comic novel,The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club,appeared serially in 1836and 1837,and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and,to many people,the greatest English novelist of the 19th century.A moralist,satirist,and social reformer.Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father’s release from prison,Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices.He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament.At the same time,Dickens,who had a reporter’s eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd,submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.供学习参考Q[F]Dickens was born in Portsmouth,on England’s southern coast.His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office –a respectable position,but with little social status.His paternal grandparents,a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status,having been servants,and Dickens later concealed their background.Dickens’s mothersupposedly came from a more respectable family.Yet two years before Dickens’s birth,his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe,never to return.The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse,a shoe-polish factory,where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.”His father was then imprisoned for debt.The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife,although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G]After Pickwick,Dickens plunged into a bleaker world.In Oliver Twist,he traces an orphan’s progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London.Nicholas Nickleby,his next novel,combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick.The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens’as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D →41.→42.→43.→44.→B →45.Part C Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)The growth of the use of English as the world’s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international,economic,technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market,and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures.Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol.(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations.Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the供学习参考Qprimary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves,such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages,such as Spanish,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese,French and German,spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK’s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly ₤1.3billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to ₤10billion a year more.As the international education market expands,the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue,especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50)It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.That is a necessary and practical approach.In this as in much else,those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions ：You are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australian professor,recommending some tourist attractions in your city.Please give reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions ：Write an essay of 160-200words based on the following pictures.In your essay,you should1)describe the pictures briefly,2)interpret the meaning ,and3)give your comments.供学习参考QYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)Q考参习学供2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解Section I Use of English1、【答案】[B]Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。

考研MBA管理类联考英语二完形填空真题及答案

考研MBA管理类联考英语二完形填空真题及答案Would a Work-Free World Be So Bad?Fears of civilization-wide idleness are based too much on the downsides of being unemployed in a society premised on the concept of employment.A 1567 painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder depicts a mythical land of plenty, where people grow idle in the absence of work. Wikimedia * Ilana E. Strauss* Jun 28, 2016 People have speculated for centuries about a future without work, and today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again warning that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by inequality: A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different, less paranoid, and not mutually exclusive prediction holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one characterized by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives meaning, people will simply become lazy and depressed. Indeed, today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for working Americans. Also, some research suggests that the explanation for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction among poorly-educated, middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs. Another study shows that people are often happier at work than in their free time. Perhaps this is why many worry about the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t necessarily follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with malaise. Such visions are based on the downsides of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the absence of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could yield strikinglydifferent circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the virtue of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a squandering of human potential,”says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway who has written about a world without work. “Global surveys find that the vast majority of people are unhappy at work.”These days, because leisure time is relatively scarce for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional demands of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel tired,”Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for professional matters.Having a job can provide a measure of financial stability, but in addition to stressing over how to cover life’s necessities, today’s jobless are frequently made to feel like social outcasts.“People who avoid work are viewed as parasites and leeches,”Danaher says. Perhaps as a result of this cultural attitude, for most people, self-esteem and identity are tied up intricately with their job, or lack of job.Plus, in many modern-day societies, unemployment can also be downright boring. American towns and cities aren’t really built for lots of free time: Public spaces tend to be small islands in seas of private property, and there aren’t many places without entry fees where adults can meet new people or come up with ways to entertain one another.The roots of this boredom may run even deeper. Peter Gray, a professor of psychology at Boston College who studies the concept of play, thinks that if workdisappeared tomorrow, people might be at a loss for things to do, growing bored and depressed because they have forgotten how to play. “We teach children a distinction between play and work,”Gray explains. “Work is something that you don’t want to do but you have to do.”He says this training,which starts in school, eventually “drills the play”out of many children, who grow up to be adults who are aimless when presented with free time.“Sometimes people retire from their work, and they don’t know what to do,”Gray says. “They’ve lost the ability to create their own activities.”It’s a problem that never seems to plague young children. “There are no three-year-olds that are going to be lazy and depressed because they don’t have a structured activity,”he says.But need it be this way? Work-free societies are more than just a thought experiment—they’ve existed throughout human history. Consider hunter-gatherers, who have no bosses, paychecks, or eight-hour workdays. Ten thousand years ago, all humans were hunter-gatherers, and some still are. Daniel Everett, an anthropologist at Bentley University, in Massachusetts, studied a group of hunter-gathers in the Amazon called the Pirahã for years. According to Everett, while some might consider hunting and gathering work, hunter-gatherers don’t.“They think of it as fun,”he says. “They don’t have a concept of work the way we do.”“It’s a pretty laid-back life most of the time,”Everett says. He described a typical day for the Pirahã: A man might get up, spend a few hours canoeing and fishing, have a barbecue, go for a swim, bring fish back to his family, and play until the evening. Such subsistence living is surely not without its own set of worries, but the anthropologist Marshall Sahlins argued in a 1968 essay that hunter-gathers belonged to “the original affluent society,”seeing as they only “worked”a few hours a day; Everett estimates that Pirahã a dults on average work about 20 hours a week (not to mention without bosses peering over their shoulders). Meanwhile, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average employed American with children works about nine hours a day.Does this leisurely life lead to the depression and purposelessness seen among so many of today’s unemployed? “I’ve never seen anything remotely like depression there,except people who are physically ill,”Everett says. “They have a blast. They play all the time.”While many may consider work a staple of human life, work as it exists today is a relatively new invention in the course of thousands of years of human culture. “We think it’s bad to just sit around with nothing to do,”says Everett. “For the Pirahã, it’s quite a desirable state.”Gray likens these aspects of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle to the carefree adventures of many children in developed countries, who at some point in life are expected to put away childish things. But that hasn’t always been the case. According to Gary Cross’s 1990 book A Social History of Leisure Since 1600, free time in the U.S. looked quite different before the 18th and 19th centuries. Farmers—which was a fair way todescribe a huge number of Americans at that time—mixed work and play in their daily lives. There were no managers or overseers, so they would switch fluidly between working, taking breaks, joining in neighborhood games, playing pranks, and spending time with family and friends. Not to mention festivalsand other gatherings: France, for instance, had 84 holidays a year in 1700, and weather kept them from farming another 80 or so days a year.This all changed, writes Cross, during the Industrial Revolution, which replaced farms with factories and farmers with employees. Factory owners created a more rigidly scheduled environment that clearly divided work from play. Meanwhile, clocks—which were becoming widespread at that time—began to give life a quicker pace, and religious leaders, who traditionally endorsed most festivities, started associating leisure with sin and tried to replace rowdy festivals with sermons.As workers started moving into cities, families no longer spent their days together on the farm. Instead, men worked in factories, women stayed home or worked in factories, and children went to school, stayed home, or worked in factories too. During the workday, families became physically separated, which affected the way people entertained themselves: Adults stopped playing “childish”games and sports, and the streets weremostly wiped clean of fun, as middle- and upper-class families found working-class activities like cockfighting and dice games distasteful. Many such diversions were soon outlawed.With workers’old outlets for play having disappeared in a haze of factory smoke, many of them turned to new, more urban ones. Bars became a refuge where tired workers drank and watched live shows with singing and dancing. If free time means beer and TV to a lot of Americans, this might be why.At times, developed societies have, for a privileged few, produced lifestyles that were nearly as play-filled ashunter-gatherers’. Throughout history, aristocrats who earned their income simply by owning land spent only a tiny portion of their time minding financial exigencies. According to Randolph Trumbach, a professor of history at Baruch College, 18th-century English aristocrats spent their days visiting friends, eating elaborate meals, hosting salons, hunting, writing letters, fishing, and going to church. They also spent a good deal of time participating in politics, without pay. Their children would learnto dance, play instruments, speak foreign languages, and read Latin. Russian nobles frequently became intellectuals, writers, and artists. “As a 17th-century aristocrat said, ‘We sit down to eat and rise up to play, for what is a gentleman but his pleasure?’”Trumbach says.It’s unlikely that a world without work would be abundant enough to provide everyone with such lavish lifestyles. But Gray insists that injecting any amount of additional play into people’s lives would be a good thing, because, contrary to that17th-century aristocrat, play is about more than pleasure. Through play, Gray says, children (as well as adults) learn how to strategize, create new mental connections,express their creativity, cooperate, overcome narcissism, and get along with other people. “Male mammals typically have difficulty living in close proximity to each other,”he says, and play’s harmony-promoting properties may explain why it came to be so central to hunter-gatherer societies. While most of today’s adults may have forgotten how to play, Gray doesn’tbelieve it’s an unrecoverable skill: It’s not uncommon, he says, for grandparents to re-learn the concept of play after spending time with their young grandchildren.When people ponder the nature of a world without work, they often transpose present-day assumptions about labor and leisure onto a future where they might no longer apply; if automation does end up rendering a good portion of human labor unnecessary, such a society might exist on completely different terms than societies do today.So what might a work-free U.S. look like? Gray has some ideas. School, for one thing, would be very different. “I think our system of schooling would completely fall by the wayside,”says Gray. “The primary purpose of the educational system is to teach people to work. I don’t think anybody would want to put our kids through what we put our kids through now.”Instead, Gray suggests that teachers could build lessons around what students are most curious about. Or, perhaps, formal schooling would disappear altogether.Trumbach, meanwhile, wonders if schooling would become more about teaching children to be leaders, rather than workers, through subjects like philosophy and rhetoric. He also thinks that people might participate in political and public life more, like aristocrats of yore. “If greater numbers of people were using their leisure to run the country, that would give people a sense of purpose,”says Trumbach.Social life might look a lot different too. Since the Industrial Revolution, mothers, fathers, and children have spent most of their waking hours apart. In a work-free world, people of different ages might come together again. “We would become much less isolated from each other,”Gray imagines, perhaps a little optimistically. “When a mom is having a baby, everybody in the neighborhood would want to help that mom.”Researchers have found that having close relationships is the number-one predictor of happiness, and the social connections that a work-free world might enable could well displace the aimlessness that so many futurists predict.In general, without work, Gray thinks people would be more likely to pursue their passions, get involved in the arts, and visit friends. Perhaps leisure would cease to be about unwinding after a period of hard work, and would instead become a more colorful, varied thing. “We wouldn’t have to be as self-oriented as we think we have to be now,”he says. “I believe we would become more human.”答案：1-5 CADAB 6-10 DCACC 11-15 CBADC 16-20 DABDB。

管理类MBAMPA联考英语真题试卷【23】（含答案及解析）

单项选择题 2 [
]Olaf Street Study
A.originates from a long walk that the ar st took B.illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art
C.reminds people of the English landscape pain ng tradi on.
me.
Parks feature, par cularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard’s very funny Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pre y girl and unwi ngly assaulted in a
The Bri sh land art, typiﬁed by Richard Long’s piece, was not only more domes cally scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibi on of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long’s photograph of his work is the work. Since his “ac on” is in the past the photograph is its sole embodiment.

2017年MBA英语真题及问题详解

实用文档答案年硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）试题+2017中国网小编为大家整理了年硕士研究生入学考试已经落下了帷幕，MBA MBA中国网讯】2017【+答案，以供大家参考。

2017年硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）试题Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDon theANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is nodifferent, with academics, writers, and activists once again1 that technology bereplacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will bedefined by2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses willstruggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive3 holds that the future will be a wastelandof a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 ,t seem ''s unemployed donpeople will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , todayto be havinga great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans whohave been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the ratefor 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates ofmortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-agedpeople is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizingdullness of a jobless future.t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would 'But it doesnbe filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in asociety built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designedwith other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the futureMany jobs are “of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. says John Danaher, boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,”a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people usetheir free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.Danaher says,s work, I often feel 18 ,When I come home from a hard day“'”实用文档”'t have to work, I might feel rather differentadding, “In a world in which I donperhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with —the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring[C] warning 【答案】2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty[A] inequality 【答案】3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction[D] prediction 【答案】4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured[A] characterized 【答案】5.[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom[B] meaning 【答案】6.[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless[B] Indeed 【答案】7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated[C] working 【答案】8.[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute[A] explanation 【答案】9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among实用文档[D] among 【答案】10.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside[C] worry about 【答案】11.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically[C] necessarily 【答案】12.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles[B] downsides 【答案】13.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course[A] absence 【答案】14.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield[D] yield 【答案】15.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship[C] virtue 【答案】16.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce[D] scarce 【答案】17.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats[A] demands 【答案】18.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved实用文档[B] tired 【答案】19.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into[D] into 【答案】20.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal[B] professional 【答案】SectionIIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km aroundtheir local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and hasinspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed bythousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; theirs world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an times range from Andrew Baddeley'hour.is failing. Ten years ago legacy“”Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympicon Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London.Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level anation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doingbut the general up to 2012——weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the runpopulation was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at anaccelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least twohours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and实用文档children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed toThe success of Parkrun offers answers. inspire a generation.”“Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethoswelcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clappedover the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders, by contrast,wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dualaim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating fornewcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the, concept as community sports ”planning of such a fundamentally “grassrootsassociations. If there is a role for government, it should really be gettingmaking sure there is space for playing fields —involved in providing common goodsand the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision ofall these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided overselling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and decliningattention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, futuregovernments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or atleast not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has.[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival[A] gained great popularity 【答案】has failed to. legacy”s Olympic22. The author believes that London'“[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participations image [C] improve the city'[D] increase sport hours in schools[B] promote sport participation 【答案】实用文档23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers[C] does not emphasize elitism 【答案】24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should.sports events ”“[A] organize grassroots[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities[D] invest in public sports facilities 【答案】s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is. '25. The author[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympathetic[B] critical 【答案】Text 2s easy for parents to forget 'With so much focus on children's use of screens, it says ”“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,about their own screen use.and digital products are there to Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of”bleed-over into the family routine.Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by givingmother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devicesduring the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbalinteractions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw thatphones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at theiremails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.实用文档faces to try to understand their world, and 'Infants are wired to look at parentsas they often are when absorbed in a —if those faces are blank and unresponsiveit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the —device devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the ”“still face experiment1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way beforeputting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; Thes 'child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothert have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there '“Parents donattention.s 'needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child says Radesky. verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”use On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'oppressive ideology that demands that parents of screens are born out of an “s based on a somewhat It'”with their children: “should always be interactingre 'fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you Tronick ”failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.t mean ''t learning from the screen doesnbelieves that just because a child isnparticularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do —'s no value to ittherehousework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lotout of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their childthe rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.[A] simplify routine matters[B] absorb user attention[C] better interpersonal relations[D] increase work efficiency[B] absorb user attention 【答案】use of devices ______. s food-testing exercise shows that mothers'27. Radesky'appetite '[A] takes away babiess attention [B] distracts children' verbal development[C] slows down babies'实用文档[D] reduces mother-child communication[D] reduces mother-child communication 【答案】to show that _______. still face experiment”28. Radesky's cites the “[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangemood [C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents's emotional needs'[D] parents need to respond to childrens emotional needs '【答案】[D] parents need to respond to children29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] ensure constant interaction with their childrens use of screens'[D] remain concerned about kid[C] ensure constant interaction with their children 【答案】s use of screens may_______. 30. According to Tronick, kid'[A] give their parents some free time[B] make their parents more creative[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentive[A] give their parents some free time 【答案】Text 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction withincreasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students tocompletely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone'you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesnt feel natural to spend a t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't academic. 'year doing something that isn实用文档s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. But while this may be true, it's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially There' whether that be toward graduate school, race to the finish line,”perpetuated “medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap yearin fact, it probably enhances it. —does not hinder the success of academic pursuitsStudies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap yearare generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who donot. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparingall things —them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changesthat first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences canlessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brandnew environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather thanacclimationblunders.re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore If you'interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. Accordingto the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of colleget surprising, students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn'considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poorunderstanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, buts not necessarily a bad 'switching to another after taking college classes. Itthing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits afterswitching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have tocomplete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from anotherdepartment. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help preventstress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .[A] they think it academically misleading[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college[C] it feels strange to do differently from others[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses[C] it feels strange to do differently from others 【答案】32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .实用文档[A] keep students from being unrealistic[B] lower risks in choosing careerss financial burdens '[C] ease freshmen[D] relieve freshmen of pressures[D] relieve freshmen of pressures 【答案】(Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to . ”“acclimation33. The word[A] adaptation[B] application[C] motivation[D] competition[A] adaptation 【答案】34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them .[A] avoid academic failures[B] establish long-term goals[C] switch to another college[D] decide on the right major[D] decide on the right major 【答案】35. The most suitable title for this text would be .[A] In Favor of the Gap Year[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year[C] The Gap Year Comes Back[D] The Gap Year: A Dilemma[A] In Favor of the Gap Year 【答案】Text 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency ofwildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, saysProfessor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.实用文档In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5nearly double the percentage it spent on such —billion annual budget fighting firesefforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards thesuch as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources —'s other workagencythat affect the lives of all Americans. management, and infrastructure upkeep—Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are goinginto construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federaldollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole It'“Wait a “he says.””We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, country,Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate “minute, is this OK?””on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today viewsfire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over thehow the warming of the Earth past decade, the focus has been on climate change—from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.t come at the expense of While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn'the rest of the equation.The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions “an overly “”he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to go both ways,simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem andof what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be whollycontrolled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at thes inevitable presence in human life University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire'is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make itas safe as possible, she says.实用文档It is really Balch says. “'ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,”“Weimportant to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with”fire today.36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they.[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget 【答案】to. a magnifying glass”“37. Moritz calls for the use of[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas[B] avoid the redirection of federal money[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds 【答案】38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that.[A] public debates have not settled yet[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving[C] other factors should not be overlooked[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place[C] other factors should not be overlooked 【答案】39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to.[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature 【答案】40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should.实用文档[A] do away with[B] come to terms with[C] pay a price for[D] keep away from[B] come to terms with 【答案】Part BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column toits corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices inthe right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donaldhe told Fox News, while defending his ”'t make anything anymore,We donTrump. “own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades,and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hitmanufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: insteadof having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competitionand outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands ofretiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in takingtheir place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.and upward —For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers says Jay re harder to find and they have job offers,”Theypressure on wages. “'They may be “Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm,ve been plucked by other industries that are coming [into the workforce], but they' Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school ”also doing an well as manufacturing,juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.实用文档At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipmentthat his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of hisnearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in awork-placement program, with a starting wage of $13an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustereds s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It'by the copper coils he'his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high schoolI love he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “he says. working with tools. I love creating.”But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another majorhurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Greatremember their father “Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennialssays ”and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency forwestern Michigan.t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 'These concerns arenmillion in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortagesfirst appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of “says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. skill,”re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you '“Theres where the s that gap in between, and that''don't need to have much skill. It problem is. ”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennialsinto manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to workOvertime is not attractive to this long hours, young people value flexibility. “she says.generation. They really want to live their lives,”实用文档【答案】41[E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiffcompetition.42 [A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves workingwith tools.43 [G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the youngs parents.'peoplet need '44 [B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that donmuch skill45 [F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people intomanufacturingSectionIIITranslationDirections:46.Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on theANSWER SHEET.(15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion andpublishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing anddesign course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However,during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete withother creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the rightpath for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would studyjournalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But,实用文档to be honest, I said it , because I thought that fashion and me together was just aI knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I dream—decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This isFashion Media Promotion.”when I noticed the course “【参考译文】我一直梦想着能找到一个结合时尚与出版的工作。

2017年考研英语真题及答案完整解析

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I U se of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can’t possibly 2. To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.5 everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8. One of the federal government’s studies 9 thatthe number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 thestreet. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have seriousmental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives16. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation willimprove only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it, “There has to be 20 of programs. What’s needed is a package deal.”1. [A] Indeed[B] Likewise[C] Therefore[D] Furthermore2. [A] stand[B] cope[C] approve[D] retain3. [A] in[B] for[C] with[D] toward4. [A] raise[B] add[C] take[D] keep5. [A] generally[B] almost[C] hardly[D] not6. [A] cover[B] change[C] range[D] differ7. [A] Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that8. [A] inflating[B] expanding[C] increasing[D] extending9. [A] predicts[B] displays[C] proves[D] discovers10. [A] assist[B] track[C] sustain[D] dismiss11. [A] Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only12. [A] lodging[B] shelter[C] dwelling[D] house13. [A] searching[B] strolling[C] crowding[D] wandering14. [A] when[B] once[C] while[D] whereas15. [A] life[B] existence[C] survival[D] maintenance16. [A] around[B] over[C] on[D] up17. [A] complex[B] comprehensive[C] complementary[D] compensating18. [A] So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus19. [A] puts[B] interprets[C] assumes[D] makes20. [A] supervision[B] manipulation[C] regulation[D] coordinationSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation -- language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English ‘well’or ‘very well’ after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a “graveyard” for languages. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means________.[A] identifying[B] associating[C] assimilating[D] monopolizing22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century________.[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture[B] became intimate shops for common consumers[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. ________.[A] are resistant to homogenization[B] exert a great influence on American culture[C] are hardly a threat to the common culture[D] constitute the majority of the population24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned inParagraph 5?[A] To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C] To give examples of successful immigrants.[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture.25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into Americansociety is ________.[A] rewarding[B] successful[C] fruitless[D] harmfulText 2Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -- don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2-3, Paragraph4), the author implies that ________.[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C] the town is not really short of money[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because________.[A] ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending[B] the company is financially ill-managed[C] the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable[D] the theatre attendance is on the rise30. From the text we can conclude that the author ________.[A] is supportive of both sides[B] favors the townsfolk’s view[C] takes a detached attitude[D] is sympathetic to the RSCText 3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomassof large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that ________.[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reducedby 90%[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the originalamount[D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheriesthan in the old33. By saying "these figures are conservative" (Line 1, paragraph 3),Dr. Worm means that ________.[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly[B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D] the data collected so far are out of date34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time[B] fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changingsituation35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’________.[A] management efficiency[B] biomass level[C] catch-size limits[D] technological applicationText 4Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the authorintends to show that ________.[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness[D] artists have changed their focus of interest37. The word “bummer”(Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably meanssomething ________.[A] religious[B] unpleasant[C] entertaining[D] commercial38. In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public[C] replaces the church as a major source of information[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes________.[A] happiness more often than not ends in sadness[B] the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing[C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied[D] the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms40. Which of the following is true of the text?[A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C] People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.[D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There are two extra choices, which you do not need to use in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a "Fun Card", which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. For Williams, those activities become what he calls "electronic heroin".(41) ________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.In March 1998 a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confinedto a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions”letter. Noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42) ________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun... and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams’s suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,”intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will.” Well.(43) ________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.(44) ________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45) ________.Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -- you might say addicted to -- revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers’ dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web’s most profitable business.[A] Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’s marketingdepartment continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.[B]It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior.And in what sense was his will operative?[C] By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he couldget back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.[D] Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but fora long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease.Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.[E] David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.[F] It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioralproblems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.[G] The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling isespecially conducive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? 46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. 47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -- the average scientist, for one. 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties -- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufactureevidence, or doctor his reports. 49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. 50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in "public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else.Section III WritingPart A51. DirectionsYou want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the photos briefly,2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and3. give your point of view.You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)有两幅图片，图1 把崇拜写在脸上；图2 花300元做“小贝头”注：Beckham是英国足球明星有两张照片，一张照片上有一位男士脸上写着足球明星的名字，另一张照片上有一个男子在理发，他要求理发师为他设计一个小贝克汉姆的发型。

2017考研管理类联考真题及参考答案(完整版)

2017考研管理类联考真题与参考答案〔完整版〕三、逻辑推理：第26～55小题,每小题2分,共60分.下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中,只有一项是符合试题要求的.请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑.26.倪教授认为,我国工程技术领域可以考虑与国外先进技术合作,但任何涉与核心技术的项目决不能受制于人;我国许多网络安全建设项目涉与信息核心技术,如果全盘引进国外先进技术而不努力自主创新,我国的网络安全将会受到严重威胁.根据倪教授的陈述,可以得出以下哪项?<A>我国许多网络安全建设项目不能与国外先进技术合作.我国工程技术领域的所有项目都不能受制于人.<C>如果能做到自主创新,我国的网络安全就不会受到严重威胁.<D>我国有些网络安全建设项目不能受制于人.<E>只要不是全盘引进国外先进技术,我国的网络安全就不会受到严重威胁.26.[参考答案]D27.任何结果都不可能凭空出现,它们的背后都是有原因的,任何背后有原因的事物均可以被人认识,而可以被人认识的事物都必然不是毫无规律的.根据以上陈述,以下哪项一定为假?<A>那些可以被人认识的事物必然有规律.任何结果出现的背后都是有原因的.<C>任何结果都可以被人认识.<D>人有可能认识所有事物.<E>有些结果的出现可能毫无规律.27.[参考答案]E28.近年来,我国海外代购业务量快速增长,代购者们通常从海外购买产品,通过各种渠道避开关税,再卖给内地顾客从中牟利,却让政府损失了税收收入.某专家由此指出,政府应该严厉打击海外代购行为.以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述专家的观点?<A>近期,有位前空乘服务员因在网上开设海外代购店而被我国地方法院判定犯有走私罪.去年,我国奢侈品海外代购规模几乎是全球奢侈品国内门店销售额的一半,这些交易大多避开了关税.<C>国内民众的消费需求提高是伴随我国经济发展而产生的正常现象,应以此为契机促进国内同类消费品产业的升级.<D>海外代购提升了人们生活水准,满足了国内部分民众对于高品质生活的向往.<E>国内一些企业生产的同类产品与海外代购产品相比,无论质量还是价格都缺乏竞争优势.28.[参考答案]B29.某剧组招募群众演员,为配合剧情,需要招4类角色：外国游客1-2名,购物者2-3名,商贩2名,路人若干.仅有甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己等6人可供选择,且每个人在同一场景中只能出演一个角色.已知：<1>只有甲、乙才能出演外国游客;<2>上述4类角色在每个场景中至少有3类同时出现;<3>每一场景中,若乙或丁出演商贩,则甲和丙出演购物者;<4>购物者和路人的数量之和在每个场景中不超过2.根据上述信息,可以得出以下哪项?<A>至少有2人需要在不同的场景中出演不同的角色.在同一场景中,若戊和己出演路人,则甲只可能出演外国游客.<C>甲、乙、丙、丁不会在同一场景中同时出现.<D>在同一场景中,若乙出演外国游客,则甲只可能出演商贩.<E>在同一场景中,若丁和戊出演购物者,则乙只可能出演外国游客.29.[参考答案]E30.离家300米的学校不能上,却被安排到2公里外的学校就读,某市一位适龄儿童在上小学时就遭遇了所在区教育局这样的安排,而这一安排是区教育局根据儿童户籍所在施教区做出的.根据该市教育局规定的"就近入学"原则,儿童家长将区教育局告上法院,要求撤销原来安排,让其孩子就近入学.法院对此作出一审判决,驳回原告请求.下列哪项最可能是法院判决的合理依据?<A>"就近入学"不是"最近入学",不能将入学儿童户籍地和学校的直线距离作为划分施教区的唯一根据.该区教育局划分施教区的行政行为符合法律规定,而原告孩子户籍所在施教的确需要去离家2公里外的学校就读.<C>按照特定的地理要素划分施教区中的每所小学不一定就处于施教区的中心位置.<D>"就近入学"仅仅是一个需要遵循的总体原则,儿童具体入学安排还要根据特定的情况加以变通.<E>儿童入学究竟应上哪一所学校,不是让适龄儿童或其家长自主选择,而是要听从政府主管部门的行政安排.30.[参考答案]B31.张立是一位单身白领,工作5年积累了一笔存款.由于该笔存款金额尚不足以购房,他考虑将其暂时分散投资到股票、黄金、基金、国债和外汇等5个方面.该笔存款的投资需要满足如下条件：<1>如果黄金投资比例高于1/2,则剩余部分投入国债和股票;<2>如果股票投资比例低于1/3,则剩余部分不能投入外汇或国债;<3>如果外汇投资比例低于1/4,则剩余部分投入基金或黄金;<4>国债投资比例不能低于1/6.根据上述信息,可以得出以下哪项?<A>国债投资比例高于1/2.外汇投资比例不低于1/3.<C>股票投资比例不低于1/4.<D>黄金投资比例不低于1/5.<E>基金投资比例低于1/6.31.[参考答案]D32.通识教育重在帮助学生掌握尽可能全面的基础知识,即帮助学生了解各个学科领域的基本常识;而人文教育则重在培育学生了解生活世界的意义,并对自己与他人行为的价值和意义作出合理的判断,形成"智识".因此有专家指出,相比较而言,人文教育对个人未来生活的影响会更大一些.以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述专家的断言?<A>当今我国有些大学开设的通识教育课程要远远多于人文教育课程"知识"是事实判断,"智识"是价值判断,两者不能相互替代.<C>没有知识就会失去应对未来生活挑战的勇气,而错误的价值观可能会误导人的生活.<D>关于价值和意义的判断事关个人的幸福和尊严,值得探究和思考.<E>没有知识,人依然可以活下去;但如果没有价值和意义的追求,人只能成为没有灵魂的躯壳.32.[参考答案]E33-34题基于以下题干丰收公司邢经理需要在下个月赴湖北、湖南、##、##、##、##、##7省进行市场需求调研,各省均调研一次.他的行程需满足如下条件：<1>第一个或最后一个调研##省;<2>调研##省的时间早于##省,在这两省的调研之间调研除了##省的另外两省;<3>调研##省的时间在安排在调研##省之前或刚好调研完##省之后;<4>第三个调研##省.如果邢经理首先赴##省调研,则关于他的行程,可以确定以下哪项?<A>第二个调研湖北省.第二个调研湖南省.<C>第五个调研##省.<D>第五个调研湖北省.<E>第五个调研##省.33.[参考答案]C34、如果##省是邢经理第二个调研身份,则关于他的行程,可以确定以下哪个选项?<A>第一个调研##省.第四个调研湖北省.<C>第五个调研##省.<D>第五个调研湖南省.<E>第六个调研##省.34.[参考答案]C35.王研究员：我国政府提出的"大众创业、万众创新"激励着每一个创业者.对于创业者来说,最重要的是需要一种坚持精神.不管在创业中遇到什么困难,都要坚持下去.李教授：对于创业者来说,最重要的是要敢于尝试新技术.因为有些新技术一些大公司不敢轻易尝试,这就为创业者带来了成功的契机.根据以上信息,以下哪项最准确地提出了王研究员与李教授观点的分歧所在?<A>最重要的是坚持把创业这件事做好,成为创业大众的一员,还是努力发明新技术,成为创新万种的一员.最重要的是需要一种坚持精神,不畏艰难,还是要敢于尝试新技术,把握事业成功的契机.<C>最重要的是坚持创业,有毅力有恒心把事业一直做下去,还是坚持创新,做出更多的科学发现和技术发明.<D>最重要的是坚持创业,敢于成立小公司,还是尝试新技术,敢于挑战大公司.<E>最重要的是敢于迎接各种创业难题的挑战,还是敢于尝试那些大公司不敢轻易尝试的新技术.35.[参考答案]B36.进入冬季以来,内含大量有毒颗粒物的雾霾频繁袭击我国部分地区.有关调查显示,持续接触高浓度污染物会直接导致10%至15%的人患有眼睛慢性炎症或干眼症,有专家由此认为,如果不采取紧急措施改善空气质量,这些疾病的发病率和相关的并发症将会增加.以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述专家的观点?<A>空气质量的改善不是短期内能做到的,许多人不得不在污染环境中工作.上述被调查的眼疾患者中有65%是年龄在20-40岁之间的男性.<C>眼睛慢性炎症或干眼症等病例通常集中出现于花粉季.<D>在重污染环境中采取戴护目镜、定期洗眼等措施有助于预防干眼症等眼疾.<E>有毒颗粒物会刺激并损害人的眼睛,长期接触会影响泪腺细胞.36.[参考答案]E37.很多成年人对于儿时熟悉的《唐诗三百首》中的许多名诗,常常仅记得几句名句,而不知诗作者或诗名.甲校中文系硕士生只有三个年级,每个年级人数相等.统计发现,一年级学生都能把改书中的名句与诗名与其作者对应起来;二年级2/3的学生能把该书中的名句与作者对应起来;三年级1/3的学生不能把该书中的名句与诗名对应起来.根据上述信息,关于该校中文系硕士生,可以得出以下哪项?<A>大部分硕士生能将该书中的名句与诗名与其作者对应起来.1/3以上的硕士生不能将该书中的名句与诗名或作者对应起来.<C>1/3以上的一、二年级学生不能把该书中的名句与作者对应起来.<D>2/3以上的一、三年级学生能把该书中的名句与诗名对应起来.<E>2/3以上的一、二年级学生不能把该书中的名句与诗名对应起来.37.[参考答案]D38.婴儿通过触碰物体、四处玩耍和观察成人的行为等方式来学习,但机器人通常只能按照编定的程序进行学习.于是,有些科学家试图研制学习方式更接近于婴儿的机器人.他们认为,既然婴儿是地球上最有效率的学习者,为什么不设计出能像婴儿那样不费力气就能学习的机器人呢?以下哪项最可能是上述科学家观点的假设?<A>成年人和现有的机器人都不能像婴儿那样毫不费力地学习.即使是最好的机器人,它们的学习能力也无法超过最差的婴儿学习者.<C>通过触碰、玩耍和观察等方式来学习是地球上最有效率的学习方式.<D>婴儿的学习能力是天生的,他们的大脑与其他动物幼崽不同.<E>如果机器人能像婴儿那样学习,它们的智能就有可能超过人类.38.[参考答案]A39.针对癌症患者,医生常采用化疗手段将药物直接注入人体杀伤癌细胞,但这也可能将正常细胞和免疫细胞一同杀灭,产生较强的副作用.近来,有科学家发现,黄金纳米粒子很容易被人体癌细胞吸收.如果将其包上一层化疗药物,就可作为"运输工具",将化疗药物准确地投放到癌细胞中.他们由此断言,微小的黄金纳米粒子能提升癌症化疗的效果,并降低化疗的副作用.以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述科学家所作出的论断?<A>现代医学手段已能实现黄金纳米粒子的精准投送,让其所携带的化疗药物只作用于癌细胞,并不伤与其他细胞.因为黄金所具有的特殊化学性质,黄金纳米粒子不会与人体细胞发生反应.<C>利用常规计算机断层扫描,医生容易判定黄金纳米粒子是否已投放到癌细胞中.<D>在体外用红外线加热已进入癌细胞的黄金纳米粒子,可从内部杀灭癌细胞.<E>黄金纳米粒子用于癌症化疗的疗效有待大量临床检验.39.[参考答案]A40.甲：己所不欲,勿施于人.乙：我反对,己所欲,则施于人.以下哪项与上述对话方式最为相似?<A>甲：不入虎穴,焉得虎子?乙：我反对,如得虎子,必入虎穴.甲：不在其位,不谋其政.乙：我反对,在其位,则行其政.<C>甲：人无远虑,必有近忧.乙：我反对,人有远虑,亦有近忧.<D>甲：人非草木,孰能无情?乙：我反对,草木无情,但人有情.<E>甲：人不犯我,我不犯人.乙：我反对,人若犯我,我就犯人.40.[参考答案]B41.颜子、曾寅、孟申、荀辰申请一个中国传统文化建设项目.根据规定,该项目的主持人只能有一名,且在上述4位申请者中产生;包括主持人在内,项目组成员不能超过两位.另外,各位申请者在申请答辩时作出如下陈述：<1>颜子：如果我成为主持人,将邀请曾寅或荀辰作为项目组成员;<2>曾寅：如果我成为主持人,将邀请颜子或孟申作为项目组成员;<3>荀辰：只有颜子成为项目组成员,我才能成为主持人;<4>孟申：只有荀辰或颜子成为项目组成员,我才能成为主持人.假定4人陈述都为真,关于项目组成员的组合,以下哪项是不可能的?<A>颜子、荀辰.颜子、孟申.<C>曾寅、荀辰.<D>荀辰、孟申.<E>孟申、曾寅.41.[参考答案]C42.研究者调查了一组大学毕业即从事有规律的工作正好满8年的白领,发现他们的体重比刚毕业时平均增加了8公斤.研究者由此得出结论,有规律的工作会增加人们的体重.关于上述结论的正确性,需要询问的关键问题是以下哪项?<A>该组调查对象的体重在8年后是否会继续增加?该组调查对象中男性和女性的体重增加是否有较大差异?<C>为什么调查关注的时间段是对象在毕业工作后8年,而不是7年或者9年?<D>和该组调查对象其他情况相仿但没有从事有规律工作的人,在同样的8年中体重有怎样的变化?<E>和该组调查对象其他情况相仿且经常进行体育锻炼的人,在同样的8年中体重有怎样的变化?42.[参考答案]D43.赵默是一位优秀的企业家.因为如果一个人既拥有在国内外知名学府和研究机构工作的经历,又有担任项目负责人的管理经验,那么他就能成为一位优秀的企业家.以下哪项与上述论证最为相似?<A>李然是信息技术领域的杰出人才.因为如果一个人不具有前瞻性目光、国际化视野和创新思维,就不能成为信息技术领域的杰出人才.风云企业具有凝聚力.因为如果一个企业能引导和帮助员工树立目标、提升能力,就能使企业具有凝聚力.<C>人力资源是企业的核心资源.因为如果不开展各类文化活动,就不能提升员工岗位技能,也不能增强团队的凝聚力和战斗力.<D>青年是企业发展的未来.因此,企业只有激发青年的青春力量,才能促其早日成才.<E>袁清是一位好作家.因为好作家都具有较强的观察能力、想象能力与表达能力.43.[参考答案]B44.爱书成痴注定会藏书,大多数藏书家也会读一些自己收藏的书;但有些藏书家却因喜爱书的价值和精致装帧而购书收藏,至于阅读则放到了自己以后闲暇的时间,而一旦他们这样想,这些新购的书就很可能不被阅读了.但是,这些受到"冷遇"的书只要被友人借去一本,藏书家就会失魂落魄,整日心神不安.根据上述信息,可以得出以下哪项?<A>有藏书家从不读自己收藏的书.有些藏书家会读遍自己收藏的书.<C>有些藏书家喜欢闲暇时读自己的藏书.<D>有些藏书家不会立即读自己新购的书.<E>有些藏书家将自己的藏书当作友人.44.[参考答案]D45.人们通常认为,幸福能够增进健康,有利于长寿,而不幸福则是健康状况不佳的直接原因,但最近有研究人员对3000多人的生活状况调查后发现,幸福或不幸福并不意味着死亡的风险会相应地变得更低或更高.他们由此指出,疾病可能会导致不幸福,但不幸福本身并不会对健康状况造成损害.以下哪项如果为真,最能质疑上述研究人员的论证?<A>幸福是个体的一种心理体验,要求被调查对象准确断定其幸福程度有一定的难度.人们的死亡风险低并不意味着健康状况好,死亡风险高也不意味着健康状况差.<C>少数个体死亡风险的高低难以进行准确评估.<D>有些高寿老人的人生经历较为坎坷,他们有时过得并不幸福.<E>有些患有重大疾病的人乐观向上,积极与疾病抗争,他们的幸福感比较高.45.[参考答案]B46.甲：只有加强知识产权保护,才能推动科技创新.乙：我不同意.过分强化知识产权保护,肯定不能推动科技创新.以下哪项与上述反驳方式最为类似?<A>老板：只有给公司带来回报,公司才能给他带来回报.员工：不对呀,我上月帮公司谈成一笔大业务,可是只得到1%的奖励.顾客：这件商品只有价格再便宜一些,才会有人来买.商人：不可能.这件商品如果价格再便宜一些,我就要去喝西北风了.<C>母亲：只有从小事做起,将来才有可能做成大事.孩子：老妈你错了.如果我每天只是做小事,将来肯定做不成大事.<D>妻子：孩子只有刻苦学习,才能取得好成绩.丈夫：也不尽然.学习光知道刻苦而不能思考,也不一定会取得好成绩.<E>老师：只有读书,才能改变命运.学生：我觉得不是这样.不读书,命运会有更大的改变.46.[参考答案]C47.某著名风景区有"妙笔生花""猴子观海""仙人晒靴""美人梳妆""阳关三叠""禅心向天"等六个景点,为方便游人,景区提示如下：<1>只有先游"猴子观海",才能游"妙笔生花";<2>只有先游"阳关三叠",才能游"仙人晒靴";<3>如果游"美人梳妆",就要先游"妙笔生花";<4>"禅心向天"应第4个游览,之后才可游览"仙人晒靴".张先生按照上述提示,顺利游览了上述6个景点.根据上述信息,关于张先生的游览顺序,以下哪项不可能为真?<A>第一个游览"猴子观海".第二个游览"阳关三叠".<C>第三个游览"美人梳妆".<D>第五个游览"妙笔生花".<E>第六个游览"仙人晒靴".47.[参考答案]D48."自我陶醉人格"是以过分重视自己为主要特点的人格障碍.它有多种具体特征：过高估计自己的重要性,夸大自己的成就,对批评反应强烈,希望他人注意自己和羡慕自己;经常沉湎于幻想中,把自己看成是特殊的人,人际关系不稳定,嫉妒他人,损人利己.以下各种自我陈述中,除了哪项均能体现上述"自我陶醉人格"的特征?<A>我是这个团队的灵魂,一旦我离开了这个团队,他们将一事无成.他有什么资格批评我?大家看看,他的能力连我的一半都不到.<C>我的家庭条件不好,但不愿意被别人看不起,所以我借钱买了一部智能手机.<D>这么重要的活动竟然没有邀请我参加,组织者的人品肯定有问题,不值得跟这样的人交往.<E>我刚接手别人很多年没有做成的事情,我跟他们完全不在一个层次,相信很快就会将事情搞定.48.[参考答案]C49.通常情况下,长期在寒冷环境中生活的居民可以有更强的抗寒能力.相比于我国的南方地区,我国北方地区冬天的平均气温要低很多.然而有趣的是,现在许多北方的居民并不具有我们所以为的抗寒能力,相当多的北方人到南方来过冬,竟然难以忍受南方的寒冷天气,怕冷程度甚至远超过当地人.以下哪项如果为真,最能解释上述现象?<A>一些北方人认为南方温暖,他们去南方过冬时往往保暖工作做得不够充分.南方地区冬天虽然平均气温比北方高,但也存在极端低温的天气.<C>北方地区在冬天通常启动供暖设备,其室内温度往往比南方高出很多.<D>有些北方人是从南方迁过去的,他们还没有完全适应北方的气候.<E>南方地区湿度较大,冬天感受到的寒冷程度超出气象意义上的温度指标.49.[参考答案]E50.译制片配音,作为一种特有的艺术形式,曾在我国广受欢迎,然而时过境迁,现在许多人已不喜欢看配过音的外国影视剧,他们觉得还是听原汁原味的声音才感觉到位.有专家由此断言,配音已失去观众,必将退出历史舞台.以下各项如果为真,则除哪项外都能支持上述专家的观点?<A>很多上了年纪的国人仍习惯看配过音的外国影视剧,而在国内放映的外国大片有的仍然是配过音的.配音是一种艺术再创作,倾注了配音艺术家的心血,但有的人对此并不领情,反而觉得配音妨碍了他们对原剧的欣赏.<C>许多中国人通晓外文,观赏外国原版影视剧并不存在语言困难;即使不懂外文,边看中文字幕边听原声也不影响理解剧情.<D>随着对外交流的加强,现在外国影视剧大量涌入国内,有的国人已经等不与慢条斯理、精工细作的配音了.<E>现在有的外国影视剧配音难以模仿剧中演员的出色嗓音,有时也与剧情不符,对此观众并不接受.50.[参考答案]A51~52题基于以下题干六一节快到了.幼儿园老师为班上的小明、小雷、小刚、小芳、小花等5位小朋友准备了红、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫等7份礼物.已知所有礼物都送了出去,每份礼物只能由一人获得,每人最多获得两份礼物.另外,礼物派送还需满足如下要求：<1>如果小明收到橙色礼物,则小芳会收到蓝色礼物;<2>如果小雷没有收到红色礼物,则小芳不会收到蓝色礼物;<3>如果小刚没有收到黄色礼物,则小花不会收到紫色礼物;<4>没有人既能收到黄色礼物,又能收到绿色礼物;<5>小明只收到橙色礼物,而小花只收到紫色礼物.51.根据上述信息,以下哪项可能为真?<A>小明和小芳都收到两份礼物.小雷和小刚都收到两份礼物.<C>小刚和小花都收到两份礼物.<D>小芳和小花都收到两份礼物.<E>小明和小雷都收到两份礼物.51.[参考答案]B。

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案详解

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题答案详解注意：英语试卷为花卷，以答案内容进行核对（完整版）万学海文教研中心英语教研室Section I Use of English1、【答案】[B] Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。

上文改写俗语，大意为拥抱可以使医生远离我们，即不得病，为积极含义，空后大意为：_______使你感觉与别人亲近并_______，所以也是积极含义，并同为拥抱的好处，因此选择B选项besides除了……之外还有……，A选项unlike不同于与D选项despite尽管均为转接，故排除，C选项throughout贯穿语义不通顺，故答案为[B] Besides。

2、【答案】[C] connected【解析】此处考察近义词复现，该空前有and，说明所填词汇英语close（亲近的）形成同义复现关系，并且所选词汇应搭配介词同，因此答案为C选项connected有关联的。

A选项equal平等的，B选项restricted限制的，C选项inferior低劣的，虽然都可以搭配to，但不能和close同义复现，故答案为[C] connected。

3、【答案】[A] host【解析】此处考察词义辨析。

该从句含义为：拥抱可以给你的身心健康带来_____好处。

A host of为固定搭配，表示许多的，大量的，在此处语义和搭配均吻合，所以为正确答案。

View观点，视野，lesson教训，choice选择放在此处语义不通。

4、【答案】[C] avoid【解析】此处考察词义辨析。

该句含义为：温暖的拥抱在冬天可以帮助你______生病。

根据语义，不难确定此处需要“避免”“防止”的词，并且后面搭配动名词，故答案为C选项avoid避免。

Recall使回想，召集，forget忘记，keep (doing)一直做，均不吻合句义。

【解析】此处考察词义辨析。

该句含义为：在一项______四百多健康成年人的研究中，研究者观察到……Collecting收集，一般不接人做宾语；affecting影响，guiding引导，均不符合科学研究类文章语境。

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案解析6

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案解析Section I Structure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the five choices given would most suitably complete the sentence. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled (14 points)EXAMPLE:The guests said that they would n’t mind ________.[A] to have a little light music[B] having a little light music[C] have a little light music[D] if they have a little light music[E] that they have a little light musicANSWER: [B]1. She has been working in this factory ________.[A] after 1968[B] in 1968[C] since 1968[D] for 1968[E] until 19682. We can’t understand why he avoided ________ to us.[A] to speak[B] speech[C] having spoken[D] speaking[E] to have spoken3. I am interested in ________ you have told me.[A] which[B] all that[C] all what[D] that[E] everything of which4. It is because she is too inexperienced ________ she does not know how to deal with the situation.[A] so[B] that[C] so that[D] therefore[E] that is why5. He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation to the party.[A] refute[B] refuse[C] return[D] ignore[E] decline6. She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed ________.[A] to[B] with[C] about[D] upon[E] over7. Since she is angry, we ________.[A] had better leaving her alone[B] should leave her alone[C] might as well leave her alone[D] had rather leave her alone[E] must leave her alone8. I wish I ________ to the movies with you last night.[A] went[B] did go[C] could go[D] have gone[E] could have gone9. Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre ________ the curtain went up.[A] than[B] when[C] before[D] as soon as[E] as10. Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.[A] since[B] for[C] because[D] so that[E] then11. If the doctor had been available, the child ________.[A] would not die[B] would not have died[C] could not die[D] could not have died[E] should not have died12. I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her.[A] that you won’t speak[B] your not speaking[C] you not speak[D] you hadn’t spoken[E] you didn’t speak13. Ten years had elapsed. I found she had ________.[A] a little white hair[B] some white hair[C] much white hair[D] a few white hair[E] a few white hairs14. The electric shaver ________ before it can be used.[A] needs repairing[B] requires to be repaired[C] should be in repair[D] has to be repairable[E] must repairSection II Error-detectionEach question consists of a sentence with five underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], [D] and [E]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and circle the letter of your choice. Only one choice is to be marked. (8 points)We didA the research as goodBas we couldC; howerverD, it did not turn outEto be satisfactory.ANSWER: [B]15. The president of the colledgeA , together withBthe deans, areCplanning a conference forDthepurpose of laying downEcertain regulations.16. In order toA convince the director to agree withBtheir plan, they brought forthCa number of reportsxhich D supportedEtheir argument.17. His method ofA doingBresearch work is hardlyCappreciated; he feelsDinferior thanEothers.18. A series of debatesA betweenBthe lecturers wereCscheduled forDthe next weekendE.19. The automobile industry is manufacturingA a new typeBof a motorCthat will consume lessDgasolineand causeEmuch less pollution.20. When his plane arrivesA onBthe airport in ShanghaiC, I shall already have leftDforEBeijing.21. The industrial trendA isBinCthe direction of moreDmachines and lessEpeople.22. The workers wereA alreadyBto work longCbefore heDarrivedE.Section III Sentence MakingCombine the given words and phrases into sentences. (4 points)EXAMPLE:His sons / he / their grandmother / to see / just before his last birthday / takeANSWER:Just before his last birthday he took his sons to see their grandmother.23. last month / in Europe / travel / she / since24. the decision / as final / frankly / should / not consider25. to the stranger / talk / there / stand / a while ago / he26. this kind of / can / get used to / I / never / food / eatSection IV Verb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verb given in parentheses. (14 points)“Those,” he said, ________ (point) to the books ________ (pile) on the desk, “________ (need) over there now.”ANSWER: pointing; piled; are neededThousands of years ________ (pass) since then; but people still ________ (like) ________ (tell) the story of Leonidas and the brave three hundred who ________ (dedicate) their lives to their country.ANSWER: have passed; like; to tell; dedicated27. The public demanded that the prices ________ (reduce).28. With the guide ________ (lead) the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.29. I need that book badly. If you go to the bookshop this afternoon, please remember ________ (buy) acopy for me.30. ________ (arrive) home at daybreak, he felt dead tired. He ________ (work) all night.31. ________ (exhaust) by his work, he lay down on the bed to take a rest.32. We’ll have to take a roundabout course, for the road ________ (repair).33. No decision ________ (make) about that matter yet. We ________ (still consider) it.34. ________ (meet) Tom earlier today, I don’t need to see him again.35. If you ________ (go) on at the present rate, you ________ (use) up all the petroleum by the end of themonth.36. The building is said ________ (destroy) in a fire two years ago.37. The car ________ (go) at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about teno’clock tonight.Section V Cloze TestFill in the blanks with proper words (10 points)In recent years television has become the most popular form of entertainment. It does not look as if it will be 38popular in the world of the future. In fact it looks as if television will become more popular than ever. New systems of television have been made possible 39the discovery of the laser. A laser is a beam of light that has many strange qualities. By using a laser, it is possible to throw every large and very clear television pictures on 40 a screen. These pictures may be as large as three meters 41. Many people could watch this kind of television together.Laser beams have also made very thin television sets 42. These sets can be hung on the wall of a room like a large picture. Another development in the future will be three dimensional television; the picture will look more ‘real’43it will have depth as well as height and length.In the near future you will be able to buy your favourite television programmes already 44on tapes. They will be like the tapes 45are used in small cassette tape recorders today. You will also be able to record television programmes and play them 46later. The laser beam will make47possible.Section VI Chinese-English TranslationTranslate the following into English. (10 points)48. 这门课我们越学越喜欢。

mba2017英语试题及答案

mba2017英语试题及答案MBA2017英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

A)In recent years, the popularity of online shopping has surged, with more and more consumers turning to the internet to make purchases. This trend has been driven by the convenience and variety offered by online platforms.1. Why has online shopping become more popular?A. Convenience and varietyB. Lower pricesC. Better customer serviceD. Faster delivery答案：AB)The role of technology in education is increasingly significant. It is transforming the way students learn and teachers teach. Interactive whiteboards and online resources are becoming common tools in classrooms.2. What is the impact of technology on education?A. It reduces the need for teachers.B. It improves the learning experience.C. It makes students less interactive.D. It increases the cost of education.答案：B二、完形填空（共15分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the given choices.The world is becoming more interconnected, and this has brought about many benefits. However, it also poses challenges, such as the spread of diseases and the need for greater cooperation among nations.3. The world is becoming _______.A. more isolatedB. more interconnectedC. less diverseD. less globalized答案：B4. This trend has resulted in _______.A. fewer benefitsB. more challengesC. less communicationD. less cooperation答案：B三、翻译（共25分）Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.5. The company's success can be attributed to its innovative approach to product development.答案：该公司的成功可以归因于其对产品开发的创新方法。

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题与解析答案

In a recent study _5_ over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs _6_ the participants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being _7_ to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come _8_ with a cold ,and the researchers _9_ that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _10_ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _11_ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe _12_ .
7．[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted 【答案】B 【解析】答案为 B。根据句义“common cold after being______(7)to the virus.”，可知选项 B：暴露在细菌中，符合文意。
8．[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out 【答案】C 【解析】答案为 C。本题为固定搭配。结合语境，选项 C：得感冒，搭配最为合理。

2017MBA英语真题（翻译）

2017MBA英语真题（翻译）完形填空：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA, B,CorDon the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again warning t hat technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the comi ng work-free world will be defined by inequality. A few wealthy people wi ll own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished w asteland.⼏个世纪以来，⼈们⼀直在猜测⼀个没有⼯作的未来。

今天，学者、作家和活动家再次警告说，技术正在取代⼈类⼯作者。

有些⼈认为未来的⼯作⾃由世界将由不平等定义。

少数富⼈将拥有全部资本，群众将在贫困的⼟地上挣扎。

speculated投机; 思索，猜测，推测( speculate的过去式和过去分词)academics学习，学术; 学者( academic的名词复数); ⼤学教师; 学术活动; 柏拉图哲学信奉者activists积极分⼦，活动家( activist的名词复数)once again再次; 再度; 从头inequality不平等，不均等; 不等式; 变动，变化; 不相同A few少许，少数; ⼀点点; 些许wealthy富有的; 充分的; 富⼈，有钱⼈，阔⼈struggle in在打架[挣扎]impoverished穷困的，⽆⼒的，⽤尽了的; 使贫穷( impoverish的过去式和过去分词); 使贫瘠或恶化wasteland荒地; 荒漠; 贫乏A different and not mutually exclusive prediction holds that the future w ill be a wasteland of a different sort, one characterized by purposelessn ess: Without jobs to give their lives meaning , people will simply becom e lazy and depressed. Indeed , today’s unemployed don’t seem to beHavinga great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for working Americans. Also, some research suggests t hat the explanation for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting among poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many worryabout the agonizing dullnes s of a jobless future.⼀个不同的，不是相互排斥的预测认为，未来将是⼀个不同类型的荒地，⼀种⽆⽬的：没有⼯作给他们的⽣活的意义，⼈会变得懒惰和沮丧。

2017年统考MBA MEM MPA MPAcc管理类联考综合能力真题答案及部分解析

（1）（2）联立，设月平均增长率为 p ，由一月份产值 a ，则全年总产值 A a a(1 p) a(1 p)11 ，
由单调性可知，月平均增长率 p 有唯一正解，故选 C.
20. 圆 x2 y2 ax by c 0 与 x 轴相切，则能确定 c 的值.
（1）已知 a 的值. （2）已知 b 的值.
（A） 1 84
（B） 1 88
（C） 1 42
（D） 1 44
（E） 1 48
答案：选 A.
考点：求解阴影面积
解析： S阴
S扇OAB
SOAC
45 360
12
1 12 4
8
1 ，故选 4
A.
10. 老师问班上 50 名同学周末复习的情况. 结果有 20 人复习过数学，30 人复习过语文，6 人复习过英语，且同时
解析：（1）（2）单独均求不出乘动车与乘汽车的时间，单独均不充分. （1）（2）联立，可知，乘动车与乘汽车各用了 3 小时，
则 A 、 B 两地的距离为 2203 1003 960 千米，充分，故选 C.
18. 直线 y ax b 与抛物线 y x2 有两个交点.
（1） a2 4b . （2） b 0 .
满载量为 150 吨，则用甲、乙、丙各 1 辆车一次最多运送货物（）
（A）125 吨
（B）120 吨
（C）115 吨
（D）110 吨
（E）105 吨
答案：选 E.
考点：数列应用题
解析：设甲、乙、丙三种货车的载重量分别为
a
d
,
a,
a
d
，则
a
2(a d) d 3(a
a d
95 ) 150
21. 如图 2，一个铁球沉入水池中，则能确定铁球的体积. （1）已知铁球露出水面的高度. （2）已知水深及铁球与水面交线的周长.

2017MBA管综英语二大作文真题答案

2017MBA管综英语二大作文真题答案【MBA中国网讯】2017考研MBA管理类联考考试已经落下了帷幕，MBA中国网小编第一时间为大家整理了2017MBA管理类联考英语二大作文真题答案，以供大家参考。

英语图表写作48.Write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart,and2)Give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)▶都学网李宁老师独家范文：What is shown in the chart is the increasing number of the museum and the tourist from 2013 to 2015. During these years, the figure of museums experienced a gradual rise from 4.145 thousand to 4.692 thousand. With the increasing tendency, the tourist’s number was also rising considerably, which was from 6.378 billion to 7.811 billion.What might contribute to the ring trend? I would like to lay emphasis on the reasons as follows. Among shaping factors, the most important one is that the development of economy which results in more income for people. And it makes people more affordable for the payment of visiting museums. In addition, the government has issued a series of policies to promote the development of culture which makes museums more diversified and more abundant in quantity. And the increasing number of museum satisfies the diversified preference of people. And then, we must admit that more and more people would like to pursue spiritual and cultural experience. They are no longer content to be material demands.Based on the data and discussions above, we can conclude that the chart is a reflection of our life. And it can be predicted that the more Chinese citizens will visit more museums in the years to come.温馨提示：MBA中国网考后第一时间发布2017MBA/MPA/MPAcc管理类联考真题答案汇总专题，都学网名师也将对真题答案进行深度解析，帮助大家免费在线估分、为后续复试调剂做好准备。

2017MBA考研管综逻辑英语及答案

2017年考研MBA管理类联考英语真题及答案汇总完形填空：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDon the ANSW ER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a differ ent sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t s eem to be havinga great time. O ne Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research sugges ts that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-e ducated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 th e agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled w ith unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind co uld 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 1 5 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in G alway.hese days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home fro m a hard day’s work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 1 9 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters. 1．[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring【答案】[C] warning2．[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty【答案】[A] inequality3．[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction【答案】[D] prediction4．[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured【答案】[A] characterized5．[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom【答案】[B] meaning6．[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless【答案】[B] Indeed7．[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated【答案】[C] working8．[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute 【答案】[A] explanation9．[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among【答案】[D] among10．[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside 【答案】[C] worry about11．[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically 【答案】[C] necessarily12．[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles【答案】[B] downsides13．[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course【答案】[A] absence14．[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield【答案】[D] yield15．[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship【答案】[C] virtue16．[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce【答案】[D] scarce17．[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats【答案】[A] demands18．[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved【答案】[B] tired19．[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into【答案】[D] into20．[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal【答案】[D] interperson阅读理解：Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy”is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.”The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning ofrole for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has.[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival【答案】[A] gained great popularity22. The author believes that London’s Olympic“legacy”has failed to.[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city’s image[D] increase sport hours in schools【答案】[B] promote sport participation23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers【答案】[C] does not emphasize elitism24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should.[A] organize “grassroots”sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities【答案】[D] invest in public sports facilities25. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is.[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympathetic【答案】[B] criticalText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine. ”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.[A] simplify routine matters[B] absorb user attention[C] better interpersonal relations[D] increase work efficiency【答案】[B] absorb user attention27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’use of devices ______.[A] takes away babies’appetite[B] distracts children’s attention[C] slows down babies’verbal development【答案】[D] reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment”to show that _______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’mood[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs【答案】[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] ensure constant interaction with their children[D] remain concerned about kid’s use of screens【答案】[C] ensure constant interaction with their children30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.[A] give their parents some free time[B] make their parents more creative[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentive【答案】[A] give their parents some free timeText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic. But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,”whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimationblunders.If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .[A] they think it academically misleading[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college[C] it feels strange to do differently from others[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses【答案】[C] it feels strange to do differently from others32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .[A] keep students from being unrealistic[B] lower risks in choosing careers[C] ease freshmen’s financial burdens[D] relieve freshmen of pressures【答案】[D] relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word “acclimation”(Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to .[A] adaptation[B] application[C] motivation[D] competition【答案】[A] adaptation34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them .[A] avoid academic failures[B] establish long-term goals[C] switch to another college[D] decide on the right major【答案】[D] decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be .[A] In Favor of the Gap Year[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year[D] The Gap Year: A Dilemma【答案】[A] In Favor of the Gap YearText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,”he says.”We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change—how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways,”he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says. “We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,”Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they.[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure【答案】[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget37. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass”to.[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas[B] avoid the redirection of federal money[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds【答案】[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that.[A] public debates have not settled yet[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving[C] other factors should not be overlooked[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place【答案】[C] other factors should not be overlooked39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to.[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature【答案】[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should.[A] do away with[B] come to terms with[C] pay a price for[D] keep away from【答案】[B] come to terms with新题型：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column t o its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore,” he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexi co clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturingBut there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are no w grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up wit h too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to r eplace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interest ed in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on w ages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers,” says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolver ine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve b een plucked by oth er industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing,” Mr. Dunwell ha s begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his fa ther cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-p lacement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copp er coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. A sked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before s witching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I love creating.” he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: par ents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling t hem to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. T hey blame it on the manufacturing recession,” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1 970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the h igh-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Ro b Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jo bs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s that g ap in between, and that’s where the problem is. ”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufa cturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young peop le value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives,” she says.答案：41.[E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff compe tition.42.[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with t43.[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young peo ple’s parents.44.[B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much s kill45.[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturin g翻译：My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is. One of my favorite activities. But, to be honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream ---I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion”.我总是梦想着在一个与时尚和出版相关的地方工作.在中学毕业前的两年，我参加了一个缝纫和设计课程，并想着自己会继续去学习一个时尚设计课程.然而，上课期间我意识到自己并不擅长这一领域，将来也竞争不过其他富有创造力的人才，因此我断定对我而言，这并非正确的道路.申请大学之前，我告诉大家，我会学习新闻专业，因为写作曾经是，而且现在仍然是，我最喜欢的活动之一.但是，坦诚而言，我之所以这样说，是因为我认为时尚于我只是一个梦想——我知道根本没有人能够想象我会从事时尚行业.因此我决定找一些与时尚有关而又包含写作的课程.恰在那时，我注意到了“时尚媒体与推广”课程。

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2017考研MBA管理类联考考试已经落下了帷幕，MBA小编第一时间为大家整理了2017MBA管理类联考英语二解析，以供大家参考。

完形填空答案：1-5 CADAB6-10 DCACC11-15 CBADC16-20 DABDB英语阅读理解Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1 答案21.A gained great popularity22.B promote sport participation23.C does not emphasize elitism24.D invest in public sports facilitiesText 2With so much focus on children use of screens, it is easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “tech is designed to really suck you in ,”says jenny pedesky in her study of diital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement . it makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Pedesky has studied the use of mobile phone and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise stared 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer bnonverbal interaction with their children. During a separate observation she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents faces try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive-as they often are when absorbed in a device-it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Padesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist. Ed tronick in the 1970s. in it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: the child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “parents don’t have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to be a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says radesky.On the other hand, tr onick himself is concerned that the worries about kid’s use of screens ate born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “it is based on a somewhat fantasized very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 3000words you are neglecting them” tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value it-particularyly if gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets them to be more available to their child the rest of the time.26.Accoding to Jenny Radesky，digital products are designed toA.absorb user attentionB.increase work efficiencyC.simlify routine mattersD.better interpersonal relation27.Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices .A.takes away babies’ appetiteB.distracts children’s attentionC.reduces mother-chuild communicationD.shows down babies’verbal development28.Radesky cites the”still face experiment”to show that .A.it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB.parents need to respond to children’s emotional needsC.verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeD.children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood29.The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents .A.protects kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB.teach their kids at least 30000 words a yearC.remain concernd about kid’s use of screensD.ensure constant interaction with their children30.Accoding to Tronick,kids’ use of s creens may .A.make their parents more creativeB.give their parents some freen timeC.help then with their homeworkD.help them become more attentiveText 2 答案26:A27:C28:B29:D30:DText 3 答案31. B they have a lot of fun to expect in college32. D relieve freshmen of pressure33. B adaptation34. A decide on the right major35. C in favor of the Gap YearText 4 答案36.C consumed a record-high percentage of budget37.A raise more fund for fire-prone38.C other factors should nod be overlooked39.A understand the interrelations of man and nature40.D come to terms with新题型41. Jay 答案E stiff42. Jason 答案A tools43. Birgit 答案G blame44. Rob 答案B skill45. Julie 答案F attract46.Translation 翻译Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWE R SHEET. (15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publ ishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design c ourse thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that cou rse I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for univ ersity I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is. One of my favorite activities. But, to be honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream ---I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion”.我总是梦想着在一个与时尚和出版相关的地方工作.在中学毕业前的两年，我参加了一个缝纫和设计课程，并想着自己会继续去学习一个时尚设计课程.然而，上课期间我意识到自己并不擅长这一领域，将来也竞争不过其他富有创造力的人才，因此我断定对我而言，这并非正确的道路.申请大学之前，我告诉大家，我会学习新闻专业，因为写作曾经是，而且现在仍然是，我最喜欢的活动之一.但是，坦诚而言，我之所以这样说，是因为我认为时尚于我只是一个梦想——我知道根本没有人能够想象我会从事时尚行业.因此我决定找一些与时尚有关而又包含写作的课程.恰在那时，我注意到了“时尚媒体与推广”课程.英语大作文线形图，2013-2015年博物馆的数量和访问数量逐年增多英语应用文写作教授邀请你做presentation,给留学生讲中国文化，接受邀请并回复他，需要列出presentation 的要点.都学网李宁老师独家范文What is shown in the chart is the increasing number of the museum and the tourist from 2013 to 2015. During these years, the figure of museums experienced a gradual rise from 4.145 thousa nd to 4.692 thousand. With the increasing tendency, the tourist’s number was also rising considerably, which was from 6.378 billion to 7.811 billion.What might contribute to the ring trend? I would like to lay emphasis on the reasons as follows. Among shaping factors, the most important one is that the development of economy which results in more income for people. And it makes people more affordable for the payment of visiting museums. In addition, the government has issued a series of policies to promote the development of culture which makes museums more diversifiedand more abundant in quantity. And the increasing number of museum satisfies the diversified preference of people. And then, we must admit that more and more people would like to pursue spiritual and cultural experience. They are no longer content to be material demands.Based on the data and discussions above, we can conclude that the chart is a reflection of our life. And it can be predicted that the more Chinese citizens will visit more museums in the years to come.英语图表写作Write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart,and2)Give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)Dear professor，I feel very happy when I accept your invitation, and I think it would be my great honor t o give a presentation to the students overseas.meanwhile,I’d like to express my gratitude for giving me the opportunity.The details of the presentation are as follows. To begin with, I will briefly introduce tradi tional Chinese culture, which is the accumulation of Chinese history. History makes the C hinese culture colorful and prosperous. Moreover,many other kinds of cultural forms such as Chinese painting, poem, opera and so on are needed to show to the students abroad, which can help broaden their horizons and have a better understanding of Chinese cultu re.Thanks a lot for your time and attention to this letter, words are beyond me to express my thanks to you. Iwill try my best to do this presentation.Finally,looking forward your repl y.Yours sincerely,Li Ming。