Water treatment for drinking purpose Ceramic microfiltration application

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给排水专业英语(上)

1】Professional English on Water Supply and Sewerage Engineering 给水排水工程专业英语drains for water-carried wastes 污水处理(排污水的排水管道)a settling reservoir 预沉池aqueduct 渠道，导水管filtration 过滤distillation 蒸馏clarification 澄清coagulation血凝stone-grated 格栅、格网turbidity 浊度cistern 蓄水池、槽gpcd 每日每人加仑数coagulant 混凝剂combined sewers 合流制排水管道prehistoric word 石器时代rapid-sand filter 快砂滤池water supply and wastewater disposal facilities给排水处理设施per capita 按人口平均计算ferment 发酵toxic 有毒的These cisterns provided a daily average supply of about 4.2 gallons per capita per day(gpcd).这些贮水池仅能提供每人每天4.2加仑的水量The connection was established between a contaminated water supply and spread of the disease, and it was determined that the absence of effective sewerage was a major hindrance in combating the problem. 人们发现疾病的传播和饮用水受到污染有关，并由此确定缺少有效的排水系统是解决这一问题的主要障碍。

2】The exterior network 室外管网distribution systems 配水系统communication pipe引入管 a meter box 水表节点/盒pressure booster增压装置storage tank 储水箱 a piping line管道water-dispensing fixtures配水器具water meter 水表flange 法兰；阀门gate valve 闸阀deaerator除氧器incorporate 合并fixture trap 存水弯plumbing fixture 卫生器具manhole 检查井fire-protection 消防The function of a drainage system in a building is to remove safely and quickly sanitary sewage, industrial wastes, and rainwater.室内排水系统的作用是为了安全快速地排出生活污水、工业废水和雨水。

在野外把脏水过滤成清水英语作文

在野外把脏水过滤成清水英语作文Surviving in the wilderness can be a daunting challenge, especially when it comes to accessing clean drinking water. One crucial skill that can mean the difference between life and death is the ability to filter dirty water and make it potable. This essay will explore the process of transforming murky, contaminated water into a clear, purified source that is safe for consumption.When venturing into remote, natural environments, it is essential to be prepared for the possibility of encountering only undrinkable water sources. Surface water such as lakes, rivers, and streams can often be polluted with a variety of contaminants, including bacteria, protozoa, and even chemical pollutants. Consuming this untreated water can lead to severe gastrointestinal illnesses, dehydration, and other life-threatening conditions. Therefore, having the knowledge and equipment to effectively filter dirty water is a critical survival skill.The first step in the water filtration process is to gather the necessary materials. This typically includes a water container, a filter, and a means of boiling or disinfecting the filtered water. A sturdy, wide-mouthed bottle or canteen can serve as the water container. The filter can range from a simple cloth or bandana to a more advanced personal water filtration system. These filters often utilize physical barriers, chemical treatments, or a combination of both to remove impurities.Once the materials are gathered, the next step is to collect the dirty water. It is important to avoid stagnant or murky water sources, as they are more likely to contain a higher concentration of contaminants. Instead, seek out moving water bodies, such as streams or rivers, as they tend to have a lower sediment load and fewer microorganisms.With the dirty water collected, the filtration process can begin. If using a cloth or bandana as a filter, start by thoroughly rinsing the material to remove any loose fibers or debris. Then, carefully pour the water through the filter, allowing the impurities to be trapped while the cleaner water passes through. Repeat this process several times, using a clean section of the filter each time, until the water appears visibly clearer.For more advanced filtration systems, the process may involve additional steps. Many personal water filters utilize a combination of physical and chemical methods to remove a wide range of contaminants. These filters often have multiple stages, such as a pre-filter to remove larger particles, a membrane filter to trap smaller microorganisms, and an activated carbon element to adsorb chemicals and improve the taste of the water.Regardless of the filtration method used, it is crucial to ensure that the water is thoroughly disinfected before consumption. This can be accomplished through boiling, chemical treatment, or the use of a UV light purifier. Boiling the water for at least one minute is an effective way to kill any remaining pathogens, while chemical treatments, such as chlorine tablets or iodine drops, can provide an additional layer of protection.The benefits of being able to filter dirty water in the wilderness are numerous. Not only does it ensure access to a safe, potable water source, but it also reduces the risk of contracting waterborne illnesses that can be debilitating or even life-threatening. This skill can be particularly valuable in emergency situations, such as natural disasters or hiking/camping trips, where access to clean water may be limited.Moreover, the ability to filter water can also have broader environmental implications. By reducing the need to rely on bottled water or other pre-packaged sources, individuals can minimize their carbon footprint and contribute to the sustainability of natural resources. Additionally, the filtration process can help to preserve theintegrity of delicate ecosystems by preventing the introduction of contaminants into sensitive water bodies.In conclusion, the skill of filtering dirty water into clean, drinkable water is a crucial survival technique for anyone venturing into the wilderness. By understanding the process, gathering the necessary materials, and properly disinfecting the filtered water, individuals can ensure their safety and reduce the risk of waterborne illnesses. This valuable knowledge not only enhances personal well-being but also has the potential to contribute to the broader environmental stewardship of our natural resources.。

water treatment的英语作文

water treatment的英语作文Title: The Importance and Methods of Water TreatmentWater, the essence of life, is a precious resource that sustains all forms of life on Earth. However, the qualityof water available for human consumption and industrial use has been compromised by various pollutants and contaminants. Water treatment, therefore, plays a vital role in ensuring the safety and sustainability of our water resources.Water treatment is the process of removing impurities, contaminants, and unwanted components from raw water to make it suitable for various uses. This process is crucialin protecting public health, preserving the environment,and supporting industrial and agricultural activities.One of the primary objectives of water treatment is to remove biological contaminants such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. These microorganisms can cause serious health issues if consumed untreated. To eliminate these contaminants, various physical, chemical, and biological processes are employed. Physical processes like sedimentation and filtration help remove suspendedparticles and larger impurities. Chemical processes involve the use of disinfectants like chlorine or ozone to kill microorganisms. Biological processes, on the other hand, utilize microorganisms to break down organic matter.In addition to biological contaminants, water treatment also focuses on removing chemical pollutants. These pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, andindustrial waste, can be harmful to human health and the environment. Advanced treatment techniques like ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and adsorption are used to effectively remove these pollutants from water.Water treatment also addresses the issue of excessive nutrients in water bodies, which can lead to eutrophication and harmful algal blooms. Nutrient removal techniques, such as biological denitrification and phosphorus removal, are employed to restore water quality and prevent ecological imbalances.Moreover, water treatment plays a crucial role in water conservation and recycling. By treating and reusing wastewater, we can significantly reduce the demand for freshwater resources. This not only preserves our limitedwater supplies but also helps mitigate the impact of water scarcity on communities and ecosystems.In conclusion, water treatment is a vital process that ensures the safety and sustainability of our water resources. By removing contaminants and pollutants, it protects public health, preserves the environment, and supports industrial and agricultural activities. With the increasing demand for water and the growing concerns about water quality and scarcity, the importance of water treatment cannot be overstated. It is crucial that we continue to invest in and improve water treatment technologies to ensure a clean and sustainable water supply for future generations.。

水处理药剂英文宣传册

水处理药剂英文宣传册Water Treatment ChemicalsIntroductionWater is an essential natural resource that is crucial to human life and various industries. However, with the growing population and increasing industrial activities, water pollution has become a significant concern. To address this issue, water treatment chemicals play a vital role in safeguarding human health and protecting the environment. This brochure aims to provide valuable information about water treatment chemicals, their types, and their applications.1. Types of Water Treatment Chemicals1.1 CoagulantsCoagulants are used to neutralize the electric charge of suspended particles in water, allowing them to form larger particles known as flocs. Some common coagulants include aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and polyaluminum chloride. Coagulants are particularly effective in treating industrial wastewater and removing contaminants like heavy metals and suspended solids.1.2 FlocculantsFlocculants are chemicals that enhance the coagulation process by causing particles to stick together and form larger flocs. This aggregation simplifies the removal of unwanted substances fromwater through settling or filtration. Common flocculants include cationic, anionic, and nonionic polymers. Flocculants are widely used in municipal water treatment plants, as well as in industrial settings to treat wastewater.1.3 DisinfectantsDisinfectants are crucial in water treatment as they eliminate or inactivate harmful microorganisms. Chlorine compounds, such as chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide, are commonly used disinfectants. They are added to water to kill bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Disinfectants are extensively used in municipal water treatment to ensure the delivery of safe drinking water.1.4 pH AdjusterspH adjusters, such as sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, are used to control the acidity or alkalinity of water. Proper pH levels are essential for effective coagulation, flocculation, and disinfection processes. pH adjusters are typically employed in both municipal and industrial water treatment systems to optimize the efficiency of other water treatment chemicals.1.5 Scale and Corrosion InhibitorsScale and corrosion inhibitors are added to water to prevent the deposition of mineral scales on surfaces and to protect metal pipes and equipment from corrosion. Common inhibitors include phosphates, polyphosphates, and silicates. These chemicals arecommonly used in industrial water treatment systems, cooling towers, and boilers to maintain the longevity and efficiency of equipment.2. Applications of Water Treatment Chemicals2.1 Drinking Water TreatmentWater treatment chemicals are extensively used in municipal water treatment plants to ensure the delivery of safe and potable drinking water. Coagulants, flocculants, disinfectants, and pH adjusters are used to remove suspended solids, harmful microorganisms, and harmful chemicals, ensuring that the water meets regulatory standards for drinking water quality.2.2 Industrial Water TreatmentWater treatment chemicals are crucial in industrial processes to ensure the quality, efficiency, and longevity of equipment. These chemicals prevent scale formation, corrosion, and contamination of water used in cooling systems, boilers, and various manufacturing processes. Additionally, they aid in the removal of pollutants and contaminants from wastewater generated by industries.2.3 Wastewater TreatmentWastewater treatment facilities use water treatment chemicals to remove pollutants and contaminants from wastewater before its safe discharge into the environment. Coagulants, flocculants, disinfectants, and pH adjusters are added to wastewater to facilitatesolid-liquid separation, remove suspended solids, and disinfect the water to meet regulatory standards.ConclusionWater treatment chemicals play a crucial role in ensuring the availability and delivery of safe and clean water for various purposes. From municipal drinking water treatment to industrial processes and wastewater treatment, these chemicals are essential for maintaining water quality and safeguarding human health. By employing the right combination of water treatment chemicals, we can address water pollution effectively and preserve this valuable resource for future generations.。

水处理的过程英语作文

水处理的过程英语作文Water treatment is an essential process to ensure the quality of water for drinking, industrial use, and environmental sustainability. It involves various steps to remove impurities and contaminants from raw water.First, the water goes through a filtration process where large particles like sand, dirt, and debris are removed. This initial step helps clean up the water and prepares it for further treatment.Next, the water passes through a chemical treatment stage where chemicals are added to react with and remove specific contaminants. For instance, chlorine is often used to kill bacteria and viruses, making the water safer for consumption.After chemical treatment, the water undergoes a coagulation and flocculation process. Here, tiny particles suspended in the water are grouped together into largerclusters called floc. This floc is then easier to remove in the next step.Sedimentation is the following step, where the floc settles to the bottom of the tank, allowing the clarified water to rise to the top. This separation of solids and liquids is crucial for purifying the water.Finally, the water goes through a disinfection process.。

水处理英语介绍作文

水处理英语介绍作文Water treatment is essential for maintaining clean and safe water for drinking, cooking, and other daily activities. It involves the process of removing contaminants and impurities from water to make it suitable for use. There are various methods of water treatment, including filtration, sedimentation, coagulation, and disinfection.Filtration is a common method used in water treatment, which involves passing water through a porous material to remove impurities. This process effectively removes particles, bacteria, and other harmful substances from the water, making it safe for consumption. Sedimentation, on the other hand, allows suspended particles to settle at the bottom of the water, making it easier to remove them.Coagulation is another important step in water treatment, where chemicals are added to the water to make particles clump together and settle, making it easier toremove them. Disinfection is the final step in water treatment, which involves killing or inactivating harmful microorganisms in the water using chemicals or physical processes such as UV light.Overall, water treatment is crucial for ensuring that the water we use is clean and safe. It helps to prevent waterborne diseases and ensures that we have access to clean and potable water for our daily needs. Without proper water treatment, the water we consume could be contaminated and pose a risk to our health. Therefore, it is important to understand the importance of water treatment and support efforts to ensure clean and safe water for everyone.。

Water Treatment -水处理

• Describe secondary waste water treatments and
explain their purpose • Briefly explain tertiary waste water treatment
Water Treatment
Water is treated for one of two reasons:
Heavy Metals as Water Contaminants
Wastewater Treatment
Primary and Secondary Treatment
Primary waste water treatment
• Stage 1: Removal of insoluble matter
break down of the organic material
Secondary Treatment
• Provide BOD removal beyond what is
achieved in primary treatment
– removal of soluble BOD
– additional removal of suspended solids
– screening; – grit removal
• Stage 2: Primary sedimentation – removes both settleable and flotable solids – grease floats in a primary settling bed
Primary treatment: First Stage
Activated Sludge
• Process in which a mixture of wastewater and microorganisms is agitated and aerated • Leads to oxidation of dissolved organics

自来水处理去除高锰酸盐指数的方法

自来水处理去除高锰酸盐指数的方法英文回答：Water treatment is essential to remove contaminants and ensure the safety of drinking water. One of the contaminants that needs to be addressed is the permanganate index, also known as the permanganate value or the permanganate number. The permanganate index measures the amount of oxidizable organic and inorganic substances in water.There are several methods available to remove permanganate from water. One common method is chemical oxidation using potassium permanganate. This method involves adding potassium permanganate to the water, which reacts with the organic and inorganic substances, converting them into insoluble manganese dioxide. The manganese dioxide can then be removed through filtration or settling.Another method to remove permanganate is through biological treatment. This method utilizes microorganismsto break down the organic and inorganic substances. The microorganisms feed on the contaminants, converting theminto harmless byproducts. This method is often used in conjunction with other water treatment processes, such as activated carbon filtration or ion exchange.In addition to chemical oxidation and biological treatment, there are also physical methods available to remove permanganate. One such method is air stripping,which involves passing air through the water to strip out the contaminants. This method is effective for volatile organic compounds, but may not be as effective forinorganic substances.Another physical method is adsorption, where activated carbon or other adsorbent materials are used to adsorb the contaminants. The adsorbent material has a large surface area, allowing it to attract and trap the permanganate ions. This method is commonly used in water treatment plants and can be combined with other processes for optimal removal.In summary, there are multiple methods available to remove permanganate from water, including chemical oxidation, biological treatment, air stripping, and adsorption. Each method has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice of method depends on the specific water quality and treatment goals.中文回答：水处理是去除污染物、确保饮用水安全的必要过程。

【最新2018】与“饮用水”有关的英语词汇-精选word文档 (2页)

【最新2018】与“饮用水”有关的英语词汇-精选word文档
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与“饮用水”有关的英语词汇
水生万物，万物复归于水。

水在我们的生活中不可或缺。

下面小编给大家介绍与“饮用水”有关的英语词汇，欢迎阅读!
与“饮用水”有关的英语词汇
tap water 自来水
bottled water 瓶装水
drinking fountain (设于公共场所的)自动饮水机
purified water 纯净水
distilled water 蒸馏水(纯净水之一)
deionized (DI) water 去离子水(纯净水之一)
hard water 硬水，含较高矿物质，尤其是钙和镁
soft water 软水，不含或含较少可溶性钙和镁化合物
subterranean water 地下水
surface water 地表水
water resources conservation 水资源保护
water resources development 水资源开发
freshwater ecosystems 淡水生态系统
freshwater degradation 淡水恶化
river pollution 河流污染
water pollution 水污染。

简述饮料用水水处理的工艺流程

简述饮料用水水处理的工艺流程1.饮料用水处理的第一步是原水的预处理,包括去除固体、微生物和胶体物质。

The first step in the treatment of water for beverages is pre-treatment of raw water, which includes removing solids, microorganisms, and colloidal substances.2.接下来是调节水的PH值和硬度,以确保符合饮料生产的要求。

Next is the adjustment of water pH and hardness to ensure it meets the requirements for beverage production.3.深度过滤是继续处理的一部分，可以去除水中的微小颗粒和有机物。

Depth filtration is part of the continued treatment to remove fine particles and organic matter from the water.4.紧接着是活性炭过滤，用来去除水中的异味和有机物质。

Next is activated carbon filtration, used to remove odors and organic matter from the water.5.通过反渗透膜，可以进一步去除水中的溶解固体和微生物。

Reverse osmosis membranes can further remove dissolved solids and microorganisms from the water.6.最后的消毒步骤是利用紫外线或臭氧处理水中的细菌和病毒。

The final disinfection step involves using ultraviolet light or ozone to treat bacteria and viruses in the water.7.经过这一系列的工艺处理，原水变成适合饮料生产的优质水。

二类水体水质标准处理工艺流程

二类水体水质标准处理工艺流程1.二类水体水质标准是指水体中各种污染物的浓度和水质指标达到国家规定的标准。

The water quality standard for Class II water bodies refers to the concentration of various pollutants and water quality indicators in the water body meeting the national standards.2.二类水体水质标准通常要求水质优良，适合供给生活用水和农业灌溉。

The water quality standard for Class II water bodies usually requires good water quality, suitable for supplying drinking water and agricultural irrigation.3.对于不符合二类水体水质标准的水体，需要进行水质处理工艺改善水质。

For water bodies that do not meet the water quality standard for Class II water bodies, water quality treatment processes are required to improve the water quality.4.常见的二类水体水质处理工艺包括物理处理、化学处理和生物处理。

Common water quality treatment processes for Class II water bodies include physical treatment, chemical treatment, and biological treatment.5.物理处理是通过过滤、沉淀等方式将悬浮物和浊度物质从水体中去除。

water treatment英语作文

Water Treatment: A Crucial Step towardsSustainable DevelopmentWater, the essence of life, plays a pivotal role in maintaining the well-being of all living beings. However, with the ever-increasing anthropogenic activities, water bodies are getting contaminated, posing a serious threat to the availability of clean and potable water. Water treatment, therefore, emerges as a crucial step towards ensuring the sustainability of water resources and promoting healthy ecosystems.The process of water treatment involves various physical, chemical, and biological methods to remove contaminants from water, making it suitable for human consumption and other purposes. The treatment process typically begins with the removal of solid particles and suspended matter through sedimentation and filtration. This is followed by the addition of chemicals to neutralize acids or bases, coagulation of colloids, and precipitation of dissolved solids. Chlorination or ozonation is then employed to kill pathogenic microorganisms, ensuring microbiological safety.Advanced water treatment techniques, such as activated sludge process, membrane filtration, and reverse osmosis, are also utilized to further purify water, removing trace contaminants and improving its quality. These techniques are particularly useful in treating water from polluted sources or in areas where water scarcity is a pressing issue.The importance of water treatment cannot be overstated. Untreated water, containing harmful bacteria, viruses, parasites, and chlorine-resistant organisms, can lead to various water-borne diseases, including diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid. Children, pregnant women, and individuals with compromised immune systems are particularly vulnerable to these diseases. Therefore, investing in effective water treatment facilities is crucial for ensuring the health and well-being of communities.Moreover, water treatment plays a vital role in sustainable development. As demand for water continues to grow, so does the need for sustainable water management practices. Water treatment not only ensures theavailability of clean and potable water but also promoteswater conservation and recycling. By reducing water waste and enhancing water use efficiency, water treatment contributes to achieving sustainable development goals, such as ensuring access to affordable and clean water for all.In conclusion, water treatment is a fundamental aspect of water management, essential for safeguarding human health, protecting ecosystems, and promoting sustainable development. By investing in innovative water treatment technologies and implementing sustainable water management practices, we can ensure the availability of clean and potable water for future generations.**水处理：通往可持续发展的关键一步**水，生命的本质，在维持所有生物的福祉方面起着至关重要的作用。

饮用水与健康（Drinkingwaterandhealth）

饮用水与健康（Drinking water and health）The concept of a conflict, drinking waterUndoubtedly, with the increasingly severe environmental pollution, water has become an important factor threatening people's health. According to the WHO statistics, 80% people drinking water and the incidence of unclean. In recent years, the market of various brands of mineral water, pure water and water purifiers increasing, drinking water what is beneficial for the body, it is very concerned about the event.On the one hand, people on the quality of tap water sceptical, even afraid of production process make the water tap water mixed with some toxic gases, that pure water and mineral water is more beneficial to health. On the one hand, experts believe that the current market on pure water and mineral water is not necessary for high consumption products, even pure water is harmful to the human body, urged the public to drink their own water.So, in the end we should have what kind of drinking water? Mineral water is necessary in daily life? The water is not pure enough? Tap water is really harmful to human body?Two, pure water and mineral water and human healthThe biggest difference between mineral water and pure water, the water is different. The real mineral water taken from deep underground confined water, the water needed for the human body contains minerals and trace elements. The purified water is to use city tap water or water from wells, through the reverse osmosis membrane purification treatment, so that the waterbecomes very pure, does not contain any bacteria and other substances other than water.What mineral water is good, without any other material or water?I group according to the collected data found in the following conflict perspective.Experts advocate drinking mineral water that a person drink every day more than 2 kg of water, water is the best solvent, rich in mineral water by various wholesome ingredients should make full use of. Although the purified water to remove all harmful substances, but also removes water useful things. Especially the pure water solution with strong ability, in a large number of people drinking water, nutrients and trace elements in the human body will quickly dissolve in the water, and then excreted through the kidneys in vain, so, don't drink too much pure water. Especially often drink pure water, the greater the impact on children. At present, many city has issued a notice prohibiting the students drink pure water, to ensure that the trace elements and nutrients in these growing children are not being lost.Experts advocate drinking pure water is that water is mainly thirst, and pure water is the best drink. Pure water has a very strong dissolution and penetration ability, in the supplementary water at the same time, to remove the body of toxins and impurities can make some excretion of harmful substances stored in the body.They believe that the nutrients and trace elements needed by the body does not have to depend on the water can get from food.The content of trace elements in food is much higher than that of water, such as a cup of orange juice in the mineral content of more than 400 cups of mineral water; 1 grams of black fungus is equal to 10 cups of mineral water containing iron value. The trace elements in mineral water is not worth mentioning, harmful substances dissolved in water can make people sick.Two party experts say is reasonable, however, with the background of serious environmental pollution has many deep groundwater dissolved into the harmful substances, such as bad water, mineral water "congenitally deficient", it is difficult to achieve the standard of drinking. Then we learned about "hard knowledge, we know that the water contains minerals is not the more the better. Long term drinking water hardness is too high or too low is not conducive to human health. Although the purified water is very pure, but many nutritionists believe that pure water once unsealed or seals in contact with the air within 24 hours will be breeding bacteria. Moreover, excessive drinking water will lead to the loss of trace elements in the human body needs, not to mention the current quality on the market most of the drinking water problems.Three, tap water really harmful to human health?Now people talk about drinking tap water will haunt, mainly because of fear of not removing impurities and microorganisms as water tap water production process, and afraid of the water purification process with some toxic gases. Based on this,My group members first begin to understand the production process of tap water.1, tap water is how to produce?As everyone knows, because of natural and human factors, contains a variety of impurities in raw water. From the angle of water treatment, these impurities can be divided into colloidal suspensions, and dissolved in three categories. City water plant water treatment is to remove the raw water to human health and industrial production of suspended matter and harm of colloids, bacteria and other harmful ingredients, so that the quality of the purified water can meet the need of drinking water and industrial production. City Tap Water Corporation water by conventional water treatment process, it includes mixing, reaction, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection processes.(1) the coagulation reaction processRaw water of the water pump after the upgrade, the first after the coagulation process, i.e.:The raw water + water treatment agent, mixing, reaction, water.Since the agent evenly mixed with water until the large particle floc formation, general coagulation process. The commonly used water treatment agent with poly aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride. Shantou city is the use of basic aluminium chloride. According to the chemical properties of aluminum, aluminum ion in water into chemical ionization of water molecules, and it has the following reversible reaction:Al3+ + 3H2O vs. Al (OH) 3 + 3H+Aluminum hydroxide has adsorption effect, the water is not easy to precipitate particles and small suspension destabilization and mutual coalescence by bridging to form larger flocs, separated from the water, in order to settle down.The mixing process requirements quickly after adding the medicine. Mixed purpose is through intense mixing, hydraulic machinery, so that agents rapidly and uniformly dispersed in water.The coagulation treated water through the pipe into the sedimentation tank, clean water into second stages.(2) precipitation treatmentMixed floccule coagulation stage formed by means of gravity separated from the water by a process known as precipitation, this process in the sedimentation tank. Water flows into the settling zone, distribution of the area of the cross section into the settling zone, and then slowly to the outlet area. The water particles sink to the bottom of the pool, sludge piled up and concentrated, regularly drained away.(3) filteringFiltering generally refers to the granular quartz sand filter layer in the gap by suspended particles through adhesion, thus further removal of fine suspended impurities, organic matter, bacteria, virus, so that the water clarification process.(4) after filtration disinfectionAfter being filtered, turbidity is further reduced, and the residual bacteria and virus without turbidity protection or attachment, to create favorable conditions for the filter after disinfection. Disinfection is not to eliminate all microbes, only kill pathogenic microorganisms. Although water coagulation, sedimentation and filtration, can remove most bacteria and viruses, but the disinfection of drinking water to ensure the bacteriological indicators, at the same time it makes the city water terminals maintain a certain amount of residual chlorine to control bacteria and indicate pollution. The quantity of chlorine disinfection (chlorine) in1.0-2.5g/m3. Mainly hypochlorous acid generated by the reaction of chlorine and water oxidation in bacteria, bacteria and enzyme system to destroy bacteria to kill. After disinfection of water from the water tank by pumping station upgrade reaches a certain pressure, through water transport and distribution network to thousands of households.2, tap water does not contain substances harmful to human health?The production process of tap water over the river is visible, the original variety of suspended particles and colloidal substances have been isolated in the coagulation process. Is the eradication of pathogenic microorganisms in the water also has disinfection in the filter postprocessing process. Therefore, in tap water in the production process have been harmful to human health material containing raw water isremoved.So, join in the production process of medicine? In the process of removal of impurities in the original one by adding a new impurity. Whether these new impurities can be harmful to our health?Water treatment agent is added in the process of coagulation, the general situation and the suspended granule and colloidal precipitation with open, so as not to affect the water quality of the factory. Then, only the chlorine.Chlorine disinfection is the last step in the production of tap water. To assist the water with chlorine after reaction can take water to the public family. So, whether we can be harmful to chlorine?We focus on chlorine.Chlorine (CL2) is a kind of pungent yellow green gas, soluble in water, at room temperature for 1 Volume 2 volume water dissolved chlorine. Under the same conditions, chlorine than the same volume of air, under standard conditions, the density of 3.214g/L. Chlorine is easy liquefaction, when the pressure is 101. 3kPa, cooling to -34. 6 C, the gaseous chlorine becomes yellow oily liquid chlorine. Liquid chlorine to cooled to -101 DEG C, becomes solid chloride. Chlorine is a toxic substance has strong stimulation to the human body, a small amount of chlorine inhalation will stimulate the mucous membrane of nasal cavity and throat, and chest pain and cough caused by inhalation of more chlorine suffocation.When chlorine is added to water, the reaction will happen:CL2 + H2O = HCL + HCLOBecause the chlorine disinfection process in a small amount (usually in 1L water only about 0.005g, the chlorine) can be said that as long as the factory tap water to meet the normal standards, the investment of chlorine in tap water will react with water to produce other substances, so that the factory water does not contain CL2 above the so-called "city. To maintain a certain amount of residual chlorine water terminals", actually refers to chlorine, instead of chlorine.However, although the chlorine has been completely reaction, but other substances generated. We first look at the hypochlorous acid. Hypochlorous acid (HCLO) has strong oxidation, so it has strong sterilization ability, is a commonly used disinfectant. Hypochlorous acid is a weak acid is very unstable, prone to the following reaction under the condition of light:2HCLO = 2HCL + O2 =So, the water may contain impurities only HCl.Hydrogen chloride (HCL) is a colorless pungent gas, its density than air, is about 1.26 times the air. Hydrogen chloride is easily soluble in water (about 1 volume of water to hydrogen chloride dissolved 500 volume 0 degrees centigrade). An aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride is known as hydrochloric acid,hydrochloric acid, is a strong oxidising and strong corrosion.From the above equation, according to the conservation of chlorine, hydrogen chloride, chlorine and water react a certain amount of substance after the final amount of substance is two times greater than that of chlorine. Due to the use of water in the production process of chlorine in the amount of hydrogen chloride produced by nature very little. According to the common sense of health, we know that the human body contains a small amount of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice, it can be considered that hydrogen chloride trace does not affect human health, almost negligible. In addition, hydrogen chloride is volatile gases, these properties can be inferred based on the boiled water does not contain hydrogen chloride.Thus, we can conclude that the national standard production process meets the tap water is not harmful to human health.Finally, the problem we have drinking water on human health effects of social survey. Through the survey, we found that 14.3% of the people drinking pure water, 49% people drinking tap water, 36.7% of the people in drinking water. In the drinking water of people: about 36.7% of people think that pure water is harmless to the human body, a love of drinking; 22.4% of people think that drinking water is harmful to the human body, does not love drinking; in addition, there are about 40.9% people for potable water is harmful not too clear, because most people are drinking, also after drinking. Most people do not drink tap water because of the serious situation of water pollution, said that if the natural economic conditions allow, willing to drink natural mineral water or river water. Mostpeople choose to drink pure water which mostly from the comprehensive consideration of quality and price etc..summaryLong term drinking mineral water, the body of some trace elements may take excessive photography. According to the relevant data, a 68 kg body weight, other trace elements contain 5.68 grams of iron, 2 grams, 0.11 grams of zinc copper and a certain amount of content is ppm (PPM), or ppb (1/1000000000), and even fewer.Effect of trace elements in the human body is very subtle, lack of risk, excessive harmful, it is essential, but it is not The more, the better. Some of the contents of trace elements in mineral water more than natural water, long-term drinking can cause some trace elements more than needed by the body, as for pure water, mineral water and water on the contrary, the lack of minerals and trace elements, to the other extreme.One side of the water. Scientific research tells us that mankind in the long evolution and natural water indissoluble bound with the natural water, dissolved minerals and trace elements, the content and meet the normal requirements of the human body, the trace elements in the human body in addition to food, mainly rely on water supplement. Therefore, the position of natural water in human health is irreplaceable. We need to do is to improve the quality of natural water, to protect the natural water sources in rural areas, from the city's tap water pollution, should meet the national hygiene standards. In addition, the water must be boiled before drinking, drinkboiling water to keep healthy. Chlorine dissolved in water will generate hypochlorous acid and other substances, hypochlorous acid has strong sterilization bleaching effect, but at the same time, the water will produce some hypochlorite and organic chlorine (product of some organic compounds in combination with chlorine they are called chlorine). Chlorine has strong oxidation, so in terms of the human body, it belongs to the mutagenic substances, if often drink tap water containing chlorine, obviously, is extremely detrimental to health. However, residual chlorine in tap water is unstable substances, it is easy to decompose and volatilize in light or heat effect. So, the tap water after boiling, the chlorine can do except.The boiled water is unfit for drinking, why? This is because the water usually contains trace amounts of nitrate and heavy metal ions, such as lead, cadmium, when heating water for a long time, because the water is evaporating, concentration of nitrate and heavy metal ions is relatively increased. Nitrate containing more water in the stomach into the body after nitrate which will be further reduced to nitrite. The nitrite will damage the blood oxygen transport function, the tachycardia, dyspnea. When the situation is serious, and deadly danger. The same heavy metal ions on the human body is harmful.Can not drink unboiled water, and repeatedly should not drink boiling water, not drink pure water or distilled water, most health? In fact, the general water containing calcium and magnesium and other elements, are the essential elements of human body, the body weight of calcium accounted for about 1.38%, is the main component of bones and teeth, and to maintain the myocardial contraction and promote normal blood coagulationplays an important role. About 0.04% of the body weight of magnesium, 70% of them exist in the bone, per person per day is about 0.3 - 0.5 grams of magnesium. A part of these two elements is from drinking water intake. Therefore, only drink distilled water or pure water is also not very good.So, how to drink boiling water is appropriate? Boil water, when the water in the kettle began to boil, the pot that water temperature has reached 100 degrees, most of the bacteria were killed. If the smell of chlorine in tap water is heavy, it may be appropriate to cook for one or two minutes, so whether it is tea or boiling water, cooking is very suitable.Preliminary opinions and suggestionsNatural is the best, solve the fundamental measures of drinking water health problem is to protect the environment and control of water pollution. Increase publicity and education efforts to raise public awareness of water resources, prevent pollution, strengthen the construction of city sewage treatment and related facilities to further improve the relevant laws and regulations of city water resources and environmental protection, increase environmental protection efforts, improve the quality of water resources.The relevant departments should strengthen supervision and management of the water market, so that people drink really "pure" water.。

生活饮用水化学处理剂卫生安全评价规范

生活饮用水化学处理剂卫生安全评价规范Standard for Hygienic Safety Evaluation of Chemicals USed in Drinking WaterTreatment1 范围本规范规定了生活饮用水化学处理剂的卫生安全要求和监测检验方法。

本规范适用于混凝、絮凝、助凝、消毒、氧化、pH调节、软化、灭藻、除垢、除氟、除砷、氟化、矿化等用途的生活饮用水化学处理剂。

2 引用资料生活饮用水水质卫生规范(2001)生活饮用水检验规范(2001)3 卫生要求3.1 生活饮用水化学处理剂在规定的投加量使用时，处理后水的一般感官指标应符合《生活饮用水水质卫生规范》(2001)的要求。

3.2 有害物质指标的要求3.2.1 生活饮用水化学处理剂带入饮用水中的有害物质是《生活饮用水水质卫生规范》(2001)中规定的物质时，该物质的容许限值为相应规定限值的10％。

本规范规定的有害物质分为四类：3.2.1.1 金属：砷、镉、铬、铅、银、硒和汞(汞的限量为0.0002mg／L)3.2.1.2 无机物：取决于产品的原料、配方和生产工艺3.2.1.3 有机物：取决于产品的原料、配方和生产工艺3.2.1.4 放射性物质：直接采用矿物为原料的产品应测定总。

放射性和总p放射性。

3.2.2 生活饮用水化学处理剂带人饮用水中的有害物质在《生活饮用水水质卫生规范》(2001)中未作规定时，可参考国内外相关标准判定，其容许限值为该容许浓3.2.3 如果生活饮用水化学处理剂带入饮用水中的有害物质无依据可确定容许限值时，应按附录B确定该物质在饮用水中最高容许浓度，其容许限值为该容许浓度的10％。

4 监测检验方法4.1 生活饮用水化学处理剂的样品采集和配制见附录A4.2 本规范采用的监测检验方法为《生活饮用水检验规范》(2001)。

5 本规范由卫生部负责解释。

6 本规范自二OO一年九月一日起施行。

附录A 生活饮用水化学处理剂样品采集和配制1 样品的采集和保存正确的采集方法、合理的保存和及时送检是保证生活饮用水化学处理剂的分析质量的必要前提。

改善水质英语作文

改善水质英语作文Improving Water QualityWater is an essential resource for all life on Earth. It is necessary for drinking, sanitation, agriculture, and industry. However, the quality of water has been a growing concern in many parts of the world. Polluted water can have serious consequences for human health, the environment, and the economy. Addressing the issue of water quality is crucial for ensuring a sustainable future.One of the main causes of water pollution is the discharge of untreated or inadequately treated wastewater from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources. This can lead to the introduction of harmful substances such as heavy metals, pesticides, and organic matter into water bodies. These pollutants can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems, contaminate drinking water sources, and pose risks to human health.Another significant contributor to water pollution is the runoff of agricultural chemicals, such as fertilizers and pesticides, from farmlands. These chemicals can leach into groundwater and surface water, leading to eutrophication, which is the excessive growth ofalgae and other aquatic plants. This can deplete the oxygen levels in the water, harming aquatic life and making the water unsuitable for human use.Urban development and industrialization have also played a role in water pollution. Stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces, such as roads and parking lots, can carry pollutants like oil, grease, and heavy metals into nearby water bodies. Additionally, the improper disposal of industrial waste and the leakage of underground storage tanks can contaminate groundwater and surface water.To address these issues, a multifaceted approach is necessary. Governments, industries, and individuals must work together to implement effective water management strategies and promote sustainable practices.One of the key strategies for improving water quality is the implementation of stringent wastewater treatment standards and enforcement. This involves the development and implementation of advanced wastewater treatment technologies, such as biological treatment, membrane filtration, and disinfection, to remove pollutants before the water is discharged into the environment.Another important measure is the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. This includes the use of precision farmingtechniques, the implementation of integrated pest management strategies, and the proper disposal of agricultural waste. By reducing the use of harmful chemicals and promoting soil conservation, farmers can minimize the impact of their activities on water resources.In urban areas, the implementation of stormwater management systems, such as green infrastructure and low-impact development, can help to reduce the amount of pollutants entering water bodies. These systems use natural processes, such as infiltration and evapotranspiration, to capture and filter stormwater before it reaches waterways.Educating the public about the importance of water quality and the steps they can take to reduce their environmental impact is also crucial. This can include promoting water conservation, proper disposal of household hazardous waste, and the use of environmentally friendly products.Collaboration and coordination among various stakeholders, including government agencies, industries, non-governmental organizations, and community groups, are essential for developing and implementing effective water quality improvement strategies. By working together, these groups can identify and address the root causes of water pollution, develop comprehensive action plans, andensure the long-term sustainability of water resources.In conclusion, improving water quality is a complex and multifaceted challenge that requires a concerted effort from all sectors of society. By implementing a range of strategies, including advanced wastewater treatment, sustainable agricultural practices, stormwater management, and public education, we can work towards ensuring that our water resources are clean, safe, and available for present and future generations. The preservation of water quality is not only a critical environmental issue but also a matter of public health, economic well-being, and social responsibility.。

《生活饮用水水质处理器卫生安全与功能评价规范》

《生活饮用水水质处理器卫生安全与功能评价规范》Sanitary Standard for Hygienic Safety and Function Evaluation on Treatment Devices of Drinking Water一般水质处理器（General Devices）1范围本规范规定了生活饮用水水质处理器的定义，与水接触材料的卫生要求，卫生安全性与功能性试验及出水水质要求。

本规范适用于以市政自来水或其他集中式供水为水源的家庭和集团用生活饮用水水质处理器。

生产纯水的生活饮用水水质处理器另作规定。

2引用资料生活饮用水水质卫生规范(2001)生活饮用水检验规范(2001)生活饮用水输配水设备及防护材料卫生安全评价规范(2001)活性炭净水器(CJ3023-93)3定义3．1生活饮用水水质处理器以市政自来水或其他集中式供水为原水，经过进一步处理，旨在改善饮水水质，去除水中某些有害物质为目的的饮用水水质处理器。

4生活饮用水水质处理器与水接触材料卫生要求4．1生活饮用水水质处理器所用材料必须按照本规范要求进行检验和鉴定，符合要求的产品方可使用。

4．2用于组装生活饮用水水质处理器的材料和直接与饮水接触的成型部件及过滤材料，应按照卫生部《水质处理器中与水接触的材料卫生安全证明文件的规定》提供卫生安全证明文件，否则必须进行浸泡试验n 4．2．1生活饮用水水质处理器所用材料浸泡试验步骤、浸泡水配制方法和检验结果的评价方法参照《生活饮用水输配水设备及防护材料卫生安全评价规范》(2001)进行。

4．2．2生活饮用水水质处理器所用膜组件及其他可能被活性氯损坏的样品则用纯水作浸泡试验。

5生活饮用水水质处理器的卫生安全试验生活饮用水水质处理器卫生安全性试验采用整机浸泡试验方法。

整机浸泡试验方法是按说明书要求，先用纯水注入处理器冲洗，然后注入纯水于室温浸泡24小时，测定浸泡水。

浸泡后水与原纯水比较，增加量不得超过表l至表5中所列限值。

包装饮用水的制作流程

包装饮用水的制作流程英文回答：Water Treatment Process for Bottled Drinking Water.The production of bottled drinking water involves several key steps to ensure the water's purity and safety. Here is a detailed overview of the process:1. Source Selection.The first step is selecting a suitable water source. This can be either groundwater from aquifers or surface water from rivers or lakes. The source must meet stringent quality standards and be free from contaminants.2. Filtration.Once the water source is selected, it undergoes multiple stages of filtration. This includes removingparticles, suspended solids, and microorganisms through processes such as sand filtration, activated carbon filtration, and reverse osmosis.3. Disinfection.To eliminate any remaining microorganisms, the water is disinfected using methods like chlorination, ozonation, or ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This step ensures the water is safe for consumption.4. Mineralization.Some bottled water brands add minerals to the water to enhance its taste and nutritional value. This is done by dissolving minerals such as calcium, magnesium, or potassium into the water.5. Bottling.The purified water is then filled into bottles made of materials like polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE). These bottles are designed to preserve the water's quality and prevent contamination.6. Labeling and Packaging.The bottles are labeled with essential information, including the brand name, source of water, and nutritional content. They are then packaged in crates or cases for distribution.7. Quality Control.Throughout the production process, rigorous quality control measures are implemented to ensure the water meets all safety and purity standards. This includes regular testing and monitoring to detect any potential contaminants.中文回答：饮用水包装生产流程。

treated water翻译

treated water翻译treated water的中文翻译为“处理过的水”，也可称为“净化水”或“经过处理的水”。

它指的是经过一系列物理、化学或生物处理过程后，从原始水源中去除了杂质、有害物质和微生物的水。

treated water常见的处理方法包括：过滤、沉淀、消毒、蒸馏、反渗透等。

这些处理过程可以有效地去除水中的悬浮物、细菌、病毒、有机物、重金属、氯气等物质，从而提高水的质量和安全性。

以下是一些用法和中英文对照例句：1. Treated water is safe for drinking.处理过的水可供饮用。

2. The wastewater is treated before being released into the environment.废水在排放到环境之前会经过处理。

3. This water treatment plant can provide treated water to thousands of households.这个水处理厂可以向数千户家庭提供处理过的水。

4. The treated water meets the quality standards set by the government.处理过的水符合政府制定的质量标准。

5. It is important to regularly test the quality of treated water to ensure its safety.定期检测处理过的水的质量非常重要，以确保其安全性。

6. The treated water can be used for irrigation, industrial processes, and recreational purposes.处理过的水可以用于灌溉、工业过程和娱乐目的。

7. The city invested in a new water treatment facility to provide high-quality treated water to its residents.这座城市投资了一个新的水处理设施，为居民提供高质量的处理过的水。