南京白下区一模卷

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中考物理一模练习卷(含答案)

南京市白下区物理一模练习卷。

04一、选择题（每题2分、共24分） 1.声源的振动频率决定了（）A ．声音的强弱 B.声音的传播远近 C. 声音的高低 D.是否产生回声2. 妙趣横生的动物世界蕴涵着丰富的物理知识，受到动物的启示，人们制造了许多先进的军事设备和交通工具，实现了人类的梦想，下列对应关系中不正确．．．的是（）Ａ．鸟在空中展翅滑翔时不会坠落下来——飞机Ｂ．鸭子的脚掌又扁又平能在松软的烂泥地上行走自如——履带式坦克Ｃ．蝙蝠能在夜间正常飞行——红外线夜视仪Ｄ．鱼通过改变浮力和重力的关系可以在水中自由浮沉——潜水艇3．水具有比热容大的特点从而被广泛应用，下列现象与应用中与此特点无关．．的是（）4. 我国的“嫦娥工程”将按“绕月、落月和驻月”三步进行．预计2012年实施落月探测。

已知月球上无大气、无磁场、弱重力。

下列哪个仪器在月球上可以正常使用（） A ．弹簧测力计 B ．气压计 C ．指南针 D ．电铃5. 当猴子倒挂在树枝上静止时，下列说法正确的是（）A ．树枝对猴子的拉力和猴子所受的重力是一对平衡力B ．猴子对树枝的拉力和猴子所受的重力是一对平衡力C ．猴子对树枝的拉力和树枝对猴子的拉力是—对平衡力D ．猴子所受的重力和树枝所受的重力是一对平衡力6.2008年北京奥运会赛况采用地球同步卫星直播，同步卫星随着地球一起转动，但是地球上的人却觉得它在地球上空某个位置静止不动，这是因为所选的参照物是（） A.太阳 B.月亮 C.地球 D.三者均可7．如图2所示，甲、乙两杯盐水的密度分别为ρ甲、ρ乙，同一只鸡蛋先后放入甲、乙两杯中，在甲杯中处于悬浮状A 、海边的昼夜温差较小B 、空调房间里放盆水可以增加湿度度C 、冬天暖气设备用热水供暖D 、用水冷却汽车发动机态．所受浮力为F甲，在乙杯中处于漂浮状态，所受浮力为F乙。

以下判断正确的是（）A．ρ甲＜ρ乙、F甲＜F乙B．ρ甲＜ρ乙、F甲＝F乙C．ρ甲＞ρ乙、F甲＜F乙D．ρ甲＞ρ乙、F甲＞F乙8．小明通过物理学习知道人的密度与水差不多，他在博物馆看到一个大理石雕像的大小跟自己差不多，设其密度是3×103kg／m3。

江苏省南京市白下区2022年中考一模语文试卷

江苏省南京市白下区2022年中考一模语文试卷九年级语文注意事项：1．本试卷6页，共120分，其中书写分4分；考试时刻120分钟。

2．答案一律填涂或书写在答题卷上。

选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用墨水笔书写。

一(24分)1．用课文原句填空。

(10分)（1）独在异乡为异客，▲。

（王维《九月九日忆山东兄弟》）（2）▲，悠然见南山。

（陶渊明《饮酒（其五）》）（3）长风破浪会有时，▲。

（李白《行路难（其一）》）（4）▲，千树万树梨花开。

（岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》）（5）最是一年春好处，▲。

（韩愈《早春呈水部张十八员外》）（6）▲，铜雀春深锁二乔。

（杜牧《赤壁》）（7）人有悲欢离合，▲。

（苏轼《水调歌头》）（8）▲，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡。

(《孟子<生于担忧，死于安乐>》）（9）祇辱于奴隶人之手，▲。

（韩愈《马说》）（10）野芳发而幽香，▲。

（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）2．下列加点字读音两两相同．．．．的一项是（▲）(2分)A．猝．然——鞠躬尽瘁．追溯．——肃．然起敬B．和煦．——养精蓄．锐懈．怠——浑身解．数C．默契．——锲．而不舍鸿儒．——妇孺．皆知D．汲．取——一拍即．合蓦．然——日暮．途穷3．下列词语中没有．．错别字的一项是（▲）(2分)A．荒谬活灵活现物竟天择B．匿名无动于中吹毛求疵C．广袤有例可援孤陋寡闻D．箫瑟众目睽睽不可一世4．下列关于名著的表述，正确的一项是（▲）（3分）A．《水浒》塑造人物形象，被赞为“人有其性情，人有其气质”。

如“花和尚”鲁智深嫉恶如仇、“青面兽”杨志粗鲁豪爽等。

B．孙悟空向如意真仙讨要落胎泉水，如意真仙执意不给悟空取水，这要紧是因为此前孙悟空请观音收服红孩儿而埋下了宿怨。

C．“因此我按了一按帽子，扣上外衣的钮子，背着手，往最密的人丛中撞去。

”这句话表现出托尔斯泰对王公贵族的轻视。

D．慧骃国没有金钱、没有军队和警察，官员分为“高跟党”和“低跟党”，他们用竞赛绳技的方式来选拔官员。

江苏省南京市白下区2022年中考一模数学试卷

江苏省南京市白下区2022年中考一模数学试卷九年级数学注意事项：1.本试卷共6页．全卷满分120分．考试时刻为120分钟．2.答选择题必须用2B 铅笔将答题卷上对应的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，请用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其他答案．答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效．一、选择题（本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分．在每小题所给出的四个选项中，恰有一项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题．．卷．相应位置．．．．上） 1．假如a 与－3互为相反数，那么a 等于 A ．3B ．－3C ．13D ．－132．2020年元宵节正值周末，观灯人数也创下历史新高．据统计，当天有520000游客在夫子庙地区观灯闹元宵，将520000用科学记数法表示为 A ．0.52×105B ．5.2×104C ．5.2×105D ．5.2×1063．下列各式中，运算结果为a 6的是A ．a 2＋a 4B ．a 8－a 2C ．a 2·a 3D ．a 7÷a4．当x ＜0时，函数y ＝－3x 的图象在A ．第一象限B ．第二象限C ．第三象限D ．第四象限5．如图，在矩形ABCD 内，以BC 为一边作等边三角形EBC ，连接AE 、DE ．若BC ＝2，ED ＝3，则AB 的长为 A ．2 2B ．2 3C ．2＋ 3D ．2＋ 36．把函数y ＝2x 2－4x 的图象先沿x 轴向右平移3个单位长度，再沿y 轴向下平移2个单位长度得到新函数的图象，则新函数是 A ．y ＝2(x ＋3)2－4(x ＋3)－2 B ．y ＝2(x －3)2－4(x －3)－2 C ．y ＝2(x ＋3)2－4(x ＋3)＋2D ．y ＝2(x －3)2－4(x －3)＋2二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分. 不需写出解答过程，请把答案直截了当填写在答题卷相应位置．．．．．．．上） 7．若分式x1－x有意义，则x 的取值范畴是 ▲ ． 8．运算(2＋1)(2－2)＝ ▲ ．9．我市市区3个PM2.5监测点连续两天测得的空气污染指数数据如（第5题）ABCDE下（要紧污染物为可吸入颗粒物）：61，82，80，70，56，91，该组数据的中位数是 ▲ ． 10．一个等腰三角形的两边长分别是2和4，它的周长是 ▲ ．11．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，□ABCD 的顶点A 、B 、D 的坐标分别是（0，0）、（5，0）、（2，3），则点C 的坐标是 ▲ ．12．如图，F 、G 分别是正五边形ABCDE 的边BC 、CD 上的点，CF ＝DG ，连接DF 、EG ．将△DFC绕正五边形的中心按逆时针方向旋转到△EGD ，旋转角为．13．如图，在梯形ABCD 中，AD ∥BC ，BA ＝BC ，CA ＝CD ．若BC ＝10 cm ，CD＝6 cm ，则AD ＝ ▲cm ．14．在如图所示的正方形网格中，A 、B 、C 差不多上小正方形的顶点，通过点A 作射线CD ，则sin ∠DAB 的值等于 ▲ ．15．课本上，公式(a －b )2＝a 2－2ab ＋b 2是由公式(a ＋b )2＝a 2＋2ab ＋b 2推导得出的，该推导过程的第一步．．．是：(a －b )2＝ ▲ ． 16．“三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和”揭示了三角形的一个外角与它的两个内角之间的数量关系，请探究并写出三角形没有公共顶点的两个外角与它的一个内角之间的数量关系： ▲ ．三、解答题（本大题共11小题，共88分．请在答题卷指定区域内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤） 17．（6分）解方程x 2－4x ＋1＝0．18．（6分）解不等式组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2－x ＞0，5x ＋12＋1≥x ，并写出不等式组的整数解．19．（6分）运算(a 2－4a 2－4a ＋4－ 2a －2)÷a 2＋2a a －2．20．（8分）为迎接2020年南京青奥会，某校组织了以“我为青奥加油”为主题的电子小报制作竞赛，评分结果只有60，70，80，90，100（单位：分）五种．现从中随机抽取部分电子小报，对其份数及成绩进行整理，制成如下两幅不完整的统计图．ADBC（第13题）（第14题）A BC D EFG（第12题）份数/分抽取的电子小报份数统计图抽取的电子小报成绩分布统计图依照以上信息，解答下列问题：（1）求本次抽取的电子小报的份数，并补全两幅统计图；（2）已知该校收到参赛的电子小报共900份，请估量该校学生竞赛成绩达到90分以上（含90分）的电子小报有多少份？21．（8分）（1）如图，已知直线AB 和直线外一点C ．利用尺规，按下面的方法作图：①取一点P ，使点P 与点C 在直线AB 的异侧．以C 为圆心，CP 的长为半径画弧，与直线AB 交于点D 、E ； ②分别以D 、E 为圆心，大于12DE 的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点F （点F 与点C 在直线AB 的异侧）；③过C 、F 两点作直线．（2）判定（1）中直线CF 与直线AB 的位置关系，并说明理由．22．（8分）在唱歌竞赛中，一位歌手分别转动如下的两个转盘（每个转盘都被分成3等份）一次，依照指针指向的歌曲名演唱两首曲目．（1）转动转盘①时，该转盘指针指向歌曲“3”的概率是 ▲ ；（2）若承诺该歌手替换他最不擅长的歌曲“3”，即指针指向歌曲“3”时，该歌手就选择自己最擅长的歌曲“1”，求他演唱歌曲“1”和“4”的概率．23．（8分）如图，在四边形ABCD 中，AB ＝DC ，E 、F 分别是AD 、BC 的中点，G 、H 分别是对角线BD 、AC 的中点．（1）求证：四边形EGFH 是菱形；（2）若AB ＝1，则当∠ABC ＋∠DCB ＝90°时，求四边形EGFH 的面积．（第22题）① ②A B CDEF GH （第23题）AB· C（第21题）24．（8分）如图，D 是⊙O 的直径CA 延长线上一点，点B 在⊙O 上，∠DBA ＝∠C ．（1）判定直线BD 与⊙O 的位置关系，并说明理由；（2）若AD ＝AO ＝1，求图中阴影部分的面积．25．（8分）某批发商以每件50元的价格购进500件T 恤．若以单价70元销售，估量可售出200件．批发商的销售策略是：第一个月为增加销售量，降价销售，通过市场调查，单价每降低1元，可多售出10件，但最低单价高于购进的价格；第一个月终止后，将剩余的T 恤一次性清仓销售，清仓时单价为40元．（1）按照批发商的销售策略，销售完这批T 恤可能亏本吗？请建立函数关系进行说明；（2）从增加销售量的角度看，第一个月批发商降价多少元时，销售完这批T 恤获得的利润为1000元？26．（10分）问题：如图，要在一个矩形木板ABCD 上切割、拼接出一个圆形桌面，可在该木板上切割出半径相等的半圆形O 1和半圆形O 2，其中O 1、O 2分别是AD、BC 上的点，半圆O 1分别与AB 、BD 相切，半圆O 2分别与CD 、BD 相切．若AB ＝a ，BC ＝b m ，求最终拼接成的圆形桌面的半径（用含a 、b 的代数式表示）．（1）请解决该问题；（2）①下面方框中是小明简要的解答过程：解：作O 1E ⊥BC ，垂足为E ，连接O 1O 2．ABDO（第24题）A BCO 1 D （第26题）2设半圆O 1的半径为x m ，则半圆O 2的半径也为x m ．在Rt △O 1EO 2中，O 1E 2＋O 2E 2＝O 1O 22．即O 1E 2＋(BC －BE －O 2C )2＝O 1O 22．因此a 2＋(b －2x )2＝(2x )2．解得x ＝a 2＋b 24b ．因此最终拼接成的圆形桌面的半径为a 2＋b 24bm ．老师说：“小明的解答是错误的！”请指出小明错误的缘故．②要使①中小明解得的答案是正确的，a 、b 需要满足什么数量关系？BDCEA O 1 O 227．（12分）实际情境王老师骑摩托车想尽快将甲、乙两位学生从学校送到同一个车站．由于摩托车后座只能坐1人，为了节约时刻，王老师骑摩托车先带着乙动身，同时，甲步行动身．已知甲、乙的步行速度差不多上5 km/h ，摩托车的速度是45 km/h ．方案预设（1）预设方案1：王老师将乙送到车站后，回去接甲，再将甲送到车站．图①中折线A -B -C -D 、线段AC 分别表示王老师、甲在上述过程中，离车站的路程．．．．．．y （km ）与王老师所用时刻x （h ）之间的函数关系． ①学校与车站的距离为 ▲ km ； ②求出点C 的坐标，并说明它的实际意义；（2）预设方案2：王老师骑摩托车行驶a h 后，将乙放下，让乙步行去车站，与此同时，王老师回去接甲并将甲送到车站，王老师骑摩托车一共行驶56 h ．图②中折线A -B -C -D 、线段AC 、线段BE 分别表示王老师、甲、乙在上述过程中，离车站的路程．．．．．．y （km ）与王老师所用时刻x （h ）之间的函数关系．求a 的值．优化方案（3）请设计一种．．方案，使甲、乙两位学生在动身50min 内（不含50min ）全部到达车站．（要求：1.不需用文字写出方案，在图③中画出图象即可；2．写出你所画的图象中y 与x 的含义；3．不需算出甲、乙两位学生到达车站的具体时刻！）（第27题）y ①②y y （第27题③）2020/2020学年度第二学期第一时期学业质量监测试卷九年级数学参考答案及评分标准说明：本评分标准每题给出了一种或几种解法供参考，假如考生的解法与本解答不同，参照本评分标准的精神给分．一、选择题（每小题2分，共计12分）题号 1 2 3 4 5 6答案 A C D B C B二、填空题（每小题2分，共计20分）7．x≠1 8． 2 9．75 10．10 11．（7，3）12．7213．3.6 14．2215．[a＋(－b)]2（注：写a2＋2a·(－b)＋(－b)2也可）16．表述方法不唯独，如：三角形没有公共顶点的两个外角之和等于与它们都不相邻的一个内角加上180°．三、解答题（本大题共11小题，共计88分）17．（本题6分）解法一：移项，得x2－4x＝－1． ······················································································································ 1分配方，得x2－4x＋4＝－1＋4，·········································································································· 2分(x－2)2 ＝3． ······················································································································· 3分由此可得x－2＝±3． ···················································································································· 4分x1＝2＋3，x2＝2－3．····················································································································· 6分解法二：a＝1，b＝－4，c＝1．b2－4ac＝(－4)2－4×1×1＝12＞0．································································································· 2分x＝4±122 ··········································································································································· 4分＝2±3．x1＝2＋3，x2＝2－3．····················································································································· 6分18．（本题6分）解：解不等式①，得x＜2． ······························································································································· 2分解不等式②，得x≥－1．···························································································································· 4分因此不等式组的解集是－1≤x＜2．··········································································································· 5分因此不等式组的整数解是－1，0，1． ······································································································ 6分19．（本题6分）解：(a 2－4a 2－4a ＋4－ 2a －2)÷a 2＋2a a －2＝[(a ＋2)(a －2) (a －2)2－2a －2]÷a (a ＋2)a －2············································································································ 3分＝aa －2·a －2a (a ＋2) ········································································································································ 5分＝1a ＋2． ······················································································································································ 6分20．（本题8分）解：（1）因为24÷20%＝120(份)，因此本次抽取了120份电子小报． ·········································· 2分条形统计图中80分的份数是42，扇形统计图中80分的百分比是35%． ··························· 4分（2）900×(30%＋10%) ································································································· 6分＝360(份)． ········································································································ 7分因此估量该校学生竞赛成绩达到90分以上（含90分）的电子小报有360份． ··················· 8分21．（本题8分）解：（1）作图正确． ············································································································································ 3分（2）CF ⊥AB ．理由如下：连接CD 、CE 、FD 、FE ． ························································· 4分由作图知CD ＝CE ，FD ＝FE ． ····································································· 5分方法一：因此点C 、F 都在线段DE 的垂直平分线上．······································································································ 7分因此CF 是线段DE 的垂直平分线，即CF ⊥AB ． ······························································· 8分方法二：因为CF ＝CF ，因此△CDF ≌△CEF ． ··················································································· 6分因此∠DCF ＝∠ECF ． ············································································································ 7分又因为CD ＝CE ，因此CF ⊥AB ． ·························································································· 8分22．（本题8分）解：（1）13． ·························································································································································· 2分（2）分别转动两个转盘一次，所有可能显现的结果有：（1，4）、（1，5）、（1，6）、（2，4）、（2，5）、（2，6）、（3，4）、（3，5）、（3，6），共有9种，它们显现的可能性相同．由于指针指向歌曲“3”时，该歌手就选择自己最擅长的歌曲“1”，因此所有的结果中，该歌手演唱歌曲“1”和“4”（记为事件A ）的结果有2种，因此P （A ）＝29． ······························································································································································· 8分（说明：通过枚举、画树状图或列表得出全部正确情形得4分；没有说明等可能性扣1分．）AB CD E F·P23．（本题8分）（1）证明：∵四边形ABCD中，E、F、G、H分别是AD、BC、BD、AC的中点，∴FG＝12CD，HE＝12CD，FH＝12AB，GE＝12AB． ············································································ 2分∵AB＝CD，∴FG＝FH＝HE＝EG．······················································································································· 3分∴四边形EGFH是菱形．·················································································································· 4分（其他方法参照给分）（2）解：∵四边形ABCD中，G、F、H分别是BD、BC、AC的中点，∴GF∥DC，HF∥AB．··························································································································· 5分∴∠GFB＝∠DCB，∠HFC＝∠ABC．∴∠HFC＋∠GFB＝∠ABC＋∠DCB＝90°．∴∠GFH＝90°． ································································································································· 6分∴菱形EGFH是正方形．······················································································································ 7分∵AB＝1，∴EG＝12AB＝12．∴正方形EGFH的面积＝(12)2＝14．······································································································ 8分24．（本题8分）解：（1）直线BD与⊙O相切．理由如下：连接OB．∵CA是⊙O的直径，∴∠ABC＝90°． ························································· 1分∵OB＝OC，∴∠OBC＝∠C．又∵∠DBA＝∠C，∴∠DBA＋∠OBA＝∠OBC＋∠OBA＝∠ABC＝90°．········································································· 2分∴OB⊥BD．又∵直线BD通过半径OB的外端点B，···························································································· 3分∴直线BD与⊙O相切． ······················································································································ 4分（2）∵∠DBO＝90°，AD＝AO＝1，∴AB＝OA＝OB＝1．∴△AOB是等边三角形．∴∠AOB＝60°．···································································································································· 5分∴S扇形OBA＝60π×12360＝π6．····················································································································· 6分（第24题）ABD O。

2010-2023历年江苏省南京市白下区中考一模英语试卷(带解析)

2010-2023历年江苏省南京市白下区中考一模英语试卷（带解析）第1卷一.参考题库(共20题)1.※When parents get angry, it isn't the time to get angry back. A lot of times they're not upset with you, but with their boss, the neighbor, or the price of vegetables. You just happen to be there at the wrong time. Look hurt? Get out of the way when they're in a bad mood. They need some time and space. Go outside, to a friend's house, or to your room. At last they will become calm and miss you.※If you have trouble talking to your parents, or if they get angry every time you try to discuss something, write a note. Put it on their bedside table. Parents are easily moved by notes like this and will probably keep them forever.※Do not create situations where there is a winner and a loser. You're the child and will probably lose most of the time. How many times have you grounded your mother or taken away the phone privileges(特权) from your dad? Try to compromise with each other and work out a situation where both of you win.※Ask your parents once a day, "Is there anything I can do for you?" Most of the time they will probably say no, or give you something that will take a few minutes to complete. Your parents will love this and see you as a very cooperative(可合作的) person. When this happens, they will probably be more cooperative with you. You could also surprise them by doing something they don't make you do. They'll tell everyone you are the best possible son or daughter and, what's more, they will believe it.※Click for more information at the red icon on the left.【小题1】Leave a note on your parents’ bedside tab le if___________.A．your parents quarrel with each otherB．you find it difficult to talk with themC．you want to be the best possible childD．you go outside to your friend’s house【小题2】From the above we learn_________.A．if we want to help do house work, parents always refuse us.B．your parents will be hurt if you get angry back at a wrong time.C．parents often ground children and control their use of the telephoneD．if we want to discuss with parents, we should wait till they are happy【小题3】The underlined word “compromise” probably means_________.A．抗争B．妥协C．承诺D．辩论【小题4】What’s the topic of the above?A．How to cooperate with family and friendsB．Arguments between children and parentsC．Tips for teenagers on family problemsD．Advice on educating angry children【小题5】You can read the above _________.A．in a magazineB．in a newspaperC．in a posterD．on the Internet2.We should throw the rubbish into the dustbin ______ protect our environment. A．as a resultB．so thatC．in order toD．in order not to3.— Kate is seldom late for school, _______ she?— ________. She is used to going to school early.A．is; YesB．isn’t; NoC．is; NoD．isn’t; Yes4.—Which shirt will you take, the white one or the blue one?— _______ , just for a change.A．EitherB．NeitherC．BothD．All5.Not long ago, I opened an interesting e-mail from Jennifer, a friend of mine. “I’ve realized I want to be around people who make me happy,” she wrote, “I’ve been seeinghow I feel after communicating with different people and making a mental list of who I feel good about. And you’re on my list.”Then she invited me — and 11 other women—to a “Movie Night” to be held every six weeks at her house. We’d chat, eat, and watch feel-good movies. She made it clear in her invitation that there was no stress to show up to all or any movie nights. Wonderful!I e-mailed her back immediately. I was in.Later, Jennifer told me she had some puzzled reactions to her invitation. Though all the women were willing to join, some said they didn’t see themselves as chee rful people. “I’ve told them they didn’t have to be cheerful around me all the time. I invited them because they made me feel happy,” she says.Research shows that gatherings such as Jennifer’s make sense. In a US study, researchers measured(测量) the happiness of 4739 people at regular intervals (间隔) over 20 years. The study found that a person’s happiness depends on(取决于) the happiness of people they connect with. Amazingly, it also found that happiness spreads not only between direct friends, but also among friends of your friends’ friends! And those good feelings seem to be the most contagious (传染性的) among friends of the same sex.“People with more supportive friends are less likely to develop sadness,” says Dr Toupey Luft, a psychologist in Penticyon, Briti sh Columbia. “Though you can’t choose your family or workmates, you do have control over friendships.” With a little effort, you can add more positive(乐观的) relationships to your social circle. Here’s how…【小题1】How many people did Jennifer invite?A．1B．11C．12D．13【小题2】What kind of things can you do on Jennifer’s movie night? A．Gathering and measuring happiness among friends.B．Chatting, eating and watching feel-good movies.C．Being cheerful all the time.D．Showing up stress.【小题3】What do the underlined words mean?A．有意义B．有鉴赏力C．有感觉D．制造气氛【小题4】Which of the following is right?A．Jennifer was puzzled with her invitation.B．All the women who were invited are cheerful people.C．Jennifer invited people who are cheerful around her all the time.D．People with more supportive friends seem to be more positive than people who don’t.【小题5】Can you guess what will be talked about in the following passage? A．Why it is important to pick friends who make you feel good.B．How to make friends who make you feel good.C．What kinds of friends you should not make.D．How you can find your social circle.6.—Why not come and join us in the game, Linda?—__________, but I have something to discuss with Mr. Smith at his office.A．I hope soB．I’d like toC．Let's goD．It's a pleasure7.A)根据所读内容，在文章后第62—71小题的空格里填入恰当的单词。

南京市白下区初中中考语文一模试卷试题及答案语文

南京市白下区2021年中考语文一模试题及答案南京市白下区2021年中考一模语文试卷本卷须知：1．本试卷6页，共120分，此中书写分3分；考试时间120 分钟。

2．答案一律填涂或书写在答题卷上。

选择题一定使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题一定使用墨水笔书写。

(24分)1．用课文原句填空。

(10分)国内存知音，。

〔王勃?送杜少府之任蜀州?〕(2)，提拔玉龙为君死。

〔李贺?雁门太守行?〕沉舟侧畔千帆过，(刘禹锡?酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠?)(4)，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜。

〔杜甫?茅舍为秋风所破歌? 〕人生自古谁无死，。

〔文天祥?过零丁洋?〕(6)，弓如霹雳弦惊。

〔辛弃疾?破阵子?为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之? 〕(7)悲伤秦汉经行处，第1 页。

〔张养浩?山坡羊?潼关怀古?〕(8)，在意山川之间也。

(欧阳修?醉翁亭记? )(9)苟全性命于乱世，(诸葛亮?出师表? )(10)生亦我所欲，，故不为苟得也。

〔孟子?鱼我所欲也?〕以下加点字注音有误的一项为哪一项〔〕〔2分〕A.饶恕〔shù〕窘迫〔jū〕目光如豆〔lòu 〕B.绯红〔fēi〕狡黠〔xiá 〕咄咄逼人〔shènɡ〕C.安慰〔jiè 〕迟疑〔chú〕味同嚼蜡〔jiáo 〕D.嬉闹〔xī〕第2 页凛凛〔lǐn〕鳞次栉比〔zhǐ〕以下词语没有错别字的一项为哪一项〔〕〔2分〕繁衍勃然大怒不行明状轻渎一落千丈莫衷一是沉沦抑扬顿锉豁然贯串蓬蒿五彩缤纷通霄达旦4．以下对于名着的表述，不正确的一项为哪一项〔〕〔3分〕A．鲁滨孙在遭受海难漂泊到荒岛上此后，修筑住处，栽种粮食作物，驯养牲畜，制造用具，而且救了一个野人，他给野人取名“礼拜五〞。

B．?水浒传?“九纹龙剪径赤松林〞中，“九纹龙〞是史进第3 页的外号；?西游记?“径回东土，五圣成真〞中，“五圣〞指唐僧师徒与白龙马。

南京市白下区中考语文一模试题及答案

南京市白下区中考语文一模试题及答案。

（张养浩《山坡羊?潼关怀古》）(8)，在乎山水之间也。

(欧阳修《醉翁亭记》)(9)苟全性命于乱世，(诸葛亮《出师表》)(10)生亦我所欲，，故不为苟得也。

（孟子《鱼我所欲也》）2.下列加点字注音有误的一项是（）（2分）A.宽恕（shù）拮据（jū）孤陋寡闻（lòu）B.绯红（fēi）狡黠（xiá）盛气凌人（shènɡ）C.慰藉（jiè）踌躇（chú）味同嚼蜡（jiáo）D.嬉闹（xī）凛冽（lǐn）鳞次栉比（zhǐ）3.下列词语没有错别字的一项是（）（2分）A.繁衍怒不可遏不可明状B.亵渎一泻千里莫衷一是C.沉湎抑扬顿锉豁然贯通D.蓬蒿花团锦簇通霄达旦4．下列关于名着的表述，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．鲁滨孙在遭遇海难流落到荒岛上以后，修建住所，种植粮食作物，驯养家畜，制造器具，并且救了一个野人，他给野人取名“星期五”。

B．《水浒传》“九纹龙剪径赤松林”中，“九纹龙”是史进的绰号；《西游记》“径回东土，五圣成真”中，“五圣”指唐僧师徒与白龙马。

C．米开朗琪罗被迫为教皇服务，经常遭受一些卑鄙小人的污蔑和攻击，以至于被教会宣布为“邪教徒和叛教者”而开除了教籍。

D．格列佛因海难等原因依次流落到小人国、大人国、飞岛国以及慧骃国等地。

在慧骃国，马是理性的载体，而人形动物“耶胡”则是邪恶肮脏的畜生。

学校开展“关注语文”的调查活动，请你参与，并完成5—7题。

【关注一】临阵磨枪来不及现象：（A）进入初一的小熊同学，发现自己语文学习出现了困难，（B）语文成绩的提高比较缓慢，不像某些科目，临阵磨枪就能收效显着。

如果语文成绩不能提高，（C）学习就成为语文最大的绊脚石。

（D）对此，他极为困惑却又无能为力，深感烦恼。

分析：出现这样的情况，与初一同学不了解语文学习特点有很大关系。

江苏省南京市白下区中考英语一模试卷1

2009年南京市白下区中考一模英语试卷第一卷（共45分）（将答案按序号填在答卷纸上．．．．．．．．．．．．）一、单项填空（每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Would you like to be animal doctor when you grow up?A. anB. aC. theD. /2. What will the weather be in your city tomorrow?A. forB. inC. onD. like3. —Is it hard for you to finish today’s homework yourself?— No. I do it.A. needB. mayC. canD. must4. I don’t think the umbrella behin d the door belongs to ?A. IB. meC. myD. mine5. You can leave a here because Alice has gone to the library.A. newsB. messageC. informationD. knowledge6. Unluckily, we’ve missed the train. It ten minutes ago.A. leftB. has leftC. had leftD. has been left7. You will be late you run all the way to school.A. afterB. whenC. unlessD. if8. The song sounds beautiful and it makes me ______ my hometown.A. laugh atB. write toC. think ofD. find out9. —How ______ Tom’s brother is!— Yes. He always thinks ______ before he works.A. careful, carefulB. careful, carefullyC. carefully, carefulD. carefully, carefully10. It is said that another bridge over the Yangzi River next year.A. will buildB. will be builtC. has builtD. has been built11. — ______ have you been in our school?— Since I left college.A. How oftenB. How longC. How muchD. How far12. I like playing basketball better than running because running is ______ playing basketball.A. more exciting thanB. not most exciting asC. not more exciting asD. not so exciting as13. — Could you tell me ______?— In the shopping mall near my home.A. where you bought the walkmanB. how much did you pay for the walkmanC. when you bought the walkmanD. why did you buy the walkman14. —Let’s go for a walk in the park.—_______, but I need to do the washing.A. Not at allB. Good ideaC. No, thank youD. That’s right15. —The room is dirty. Can anyone clean it?—_______ this time. I do it all the time.A. Why you?B. Not sureC. Not me againD. Don’t mention it.二、完形填空（每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

江苏省南京市白下区2022年中考一模英语试卷

江苏省南京市白下区2022年中考一模英语试卷九年级英语注意事项：1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共10页，满分为96分;考试时刻120分钟。

2．答案一律填涂或书写在答题卷上。

选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用墨水笔书写。

第I卷选择题（共45分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Peter is ______ honest man so people in our village all believe him.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填2. It is reported Shenzhou 10 spacecraft will be sent up into space ______ June, 2020.A. onB. atC. ofD. in3. —Would you like to walk along Yueya Lake with me tomorrow afternoon?—Certainly, ______ I am too busy.A. whenB. untilC. unlessD. since4. We felt ______ when Li Na won the second prize in the Australian Open Championship.A. proudB. braveC. modestD. successful5. Peng Liyuan, the new first lady, has devoted ______ to charity activities over the years.A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself6. —May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.—______, thanks. I think I can manage.A. All rightB. No problemC. It’s all rightD. There’s no way7. —Jim, how about keeping a dog as a pet?—Good idea! But I prefer to have a cat. The dog is ______ to look after.A. difficultB. more difficultC. most difficultD. the most difficult8. Listen! ______ wonderful news report Mr Smith is giving!A. HowB. WhatC. How aD. What a9. The teachers and the students ______ came to visit Nanjing Museum are from England.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whose10. That is the only way we can imagine ______ the waste of water in students’ bathroom.A. stopB. stoppedC. stoppingD. to stop11. —Do you know whether David will go cycling or not tomorrow?—David? Never! He ______ outdoor activities.A. hatesB. hatedC. is hatingD. has hated12. —Your uncle is a generous and kind man.—Yes. He is willing to ______ everyone in the company some help.A. offerB. coverC. provideD. suggest13. A new park ______ in the southern part of the city in the near future.A. buildsB. has builtC. will buildD. will be built14. —I want to know ______.—I’m afraid that we can’t be there on time.A. why we arrived at the airport lateB. if we will reach the airport lateC. how can we get to the airportD. when are we going to reach the airport15. —We got here on Monday morning.—______ Why didn’t you call me earlier?A. Good luck!B. You did?C. It’s no surprise.D. You are welcome.二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。

2024届江苏省南京市高三第一次模拟考试语文试卷含解析

2024届江苏省南京市高三第一次模拟考试语文试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

1、阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

鲁迅对于俄罗斯文学有着深刻的理解。

鲁迅与俄罗斯文学的现实主义精神有着强烈共鸣，他认为俄罗斯批判现实主义的最可贵的特色是它所表现出的深刻的真实性和批判性，这是空前的，并称“因为真实，所以也有力”，对俄罗斯批判现实主义的巨大历史价值给予了充分评价。

鲁迅多次惊叹俄罗斯优秀文学中所包蕴的博大的爱与深沉的人道主义，称道“以一身来担人间苦的小说家”，对于被侮辱与被损害者，给予的不只是怜悯，而是力图谋求其解放，为他人宁可牺牲自己，在鲁迅看来，是当得“伟大”的。

这种博大深沉的爱被鲁迅视为“异常的慈悲性”，是俄罗斯文学的突出特色，“与我们的世界更接近”。

以果戈理、陀思妥耶夫斯基等为代表的俄罗斯作家，令鲁迅感佩之处还在于，他们都提出了人的生存的重大问题，致力于揭露人性的复杂与缺陷，唤起人们对社会的改造与灵魂的剖析，为此鲁迅将“选材要严、开掘要深”作为自己的创作原则，将“为人生”作为自己“做小说”的“主见”，在自己的作品中也以深刻地透视社会人生，揭示病苦，以引起疗救的注意为旨归。

在他看来，俄罗斯文学的深刻性在于，不只表现了底层人们“不幸”的经济贫苦，还有精神贫困，当时中国国民状况亦然。

他笔下的对不觉醒的人们的描写与俄罗斯批判现实主义文学有着极为相似的情形，他表达了“哀其不幸，怒其不争”的沉重主题，反思国民性，深感启蒙之艰难。

他指出俄罗斯文学中不仅有“叫唤、呻吟、困穷、酸辛”，而且也有“挣扎和反抗”。

对俄罗斯文学的译介和所受影响，在一定程度上帮助鲁迅实现借助文学“转移性情，改造社会”的理想。

江苏省南京市白下区中考英语一模试卷

2011年九年级模拟测试（一）英语第一卷选择题（45分）一、单项填空（每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Uncle John promised to buy me ______ MP4 as my birthday present.A. aB. theC. 不填D. an2. I have a lot of homework every day. So I______ have any spare time for my hobbiessuch as playing volleyball and ping-pong.A. almostB. hardlyC. stillD. already3. — Shall we go out for a walk?— Sorry. This is not the right ______ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.A. momentB. situationC. placeD. chance4. The second Youth Olympic Games will be held in Nanjing ______ 2014.A. onB. inC. atD. of5.— Could you tell me ______? — Of course, last night.A. when you reached ParisC. how you came to China B. when did you reach ParisD. how did you come to China6. — Mike, please don’t play football in the street. It’s too dangerous.— ______ I am going home at once.A. Have a good time.C. I’d like to.B. Sorry, I won’t do that.D. OK, I will.7. ______ useful book for children！I shall get one for my son.A. HowB. WhatC. How aD. What a8. ______ young trees have been planted here, now it is a really beautiful place.A. Three hundredsB. Hundred ofC. HundredsD. Hundreds of9. Although this ______ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.A. mustB. mayC. shallD. need10. An earthquake hit Yunnan this year. Much more money ______ to the people there inthefollowing months.A. has givenB. will giveC. should be givenD. is giving11. Mother bought a washing machine ______ have more spare time for her hobbies.A. because ofB. so thatC. in order toD. as a result12. Dr. Ma has worked in Africa for many years, he ______ the hot weather there.A. has used toB. was used toC. is used toD. used tolike13. My best friend Lily ______ Nanjing for 7 years, now she enjoys the life here very much.A. came toB. has been toC. has been inD. has come to14. — Is this microphone ______? — No, it belongs to ______.A. his, hersB. him, hersC. him, herD. his, her15. — I think he is a very excellent organizer.—______, but he didn’t organize this welcome party well.A. I disagree C. I agreeB. I don’t think soD. No, you are wrong二、完形填空（每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。

2022年南京白下区初三一模试卷及答案

2022/2022学年度第二学期第一阶段学业质量监测试卷九年级数学本卷须知：1.本试卷共6页．全卷总分值120分．考试时间为120分钟．2.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卷上对应的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效．一、选择题〔本大题共6小题，每题2分，共12分．在每题所给出的四个选项中，恰有一项为哪一项符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题．．卷．相应位置．．．．上〕1．－2的倒数是A．2 B．－2 C．D．－2．计算a3＋a3的结果是A．a6B．a9C．2a3D．2a63．备受南京市民关注的城西干道改造工程已经开始，改造线路全长约6130m，这个数可用科学记数法表示为A．0.613×104B．6.13×103C．61.3×102D．6.13×1044．同时抛掷两枚质地均匀的正方体骰子1次，以下事件中是不可能事件的是A．朝上的点数之和为13 B．朝上的点数之和为12C．朝上的点数之和为2 D．朝上的点数之和小于35．在平面直角坐标系中，点P〔2，－m2－1〕〔m是实数〕在A．第一象限B．第二象限C．第三象限D．第四象限6．以下轴对称图形中，只用一把无刻度的直尺不能．．画出对称轴的是A．菱形B．矩形C．等腰梯形D．正五边形二、填空题〔本大题共10小题，每题2分，共20分. 不需写出解答过程，请把答案直接填写在答题卷相应位置．．．．．．．上〕7．如果│a│＝3，那么a的值是▲．8．如图，三条直线两两相交，交点分别为A、B、C，假设∠CAB＝50°，∠CBA＝60°，那么∠1＋∠2＝▲°．9．计算8a－32a〔a≥0〕的结果是▲．10．半径为10，圆心角为60°的扇形的面积是▲．〔结果保存π〕A BC1 2〔第8题〕11．如果实数x ，y 满足方程组⎩⎨⎧x ＋y ＝4，2x －2y ＝1，那么x 2－y 2＝▲．12．如图，直线l 经过等边三角形ABC 的顶点B ，在l 上取点D 、E ，使∠ADB ＝∠CEB ＝120°．假设AD ＝2cm ，CE ＝5cm ，那么DE ＝▲cm ．13．将一支长15 cm 的钢笔，置于底面直径为6 cm ，高为8 cm 的圆柱形笔筒中，设钢笔露在笔筒外面的长度为h cm ，那么h 的最小值是▲cm ． 14．甲、乙两台机床生产同一种零件，并且每天产量相等．在随机抽取的6天的生产中，每天生产零件中的次品数依次是：甲300201 乙102102那么甲、乙两台机床中，性能较稳定的是▲机床．〔填“甲〞或“乙〞〕15．如图，在△ABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝2BC ，以B 为圆心，BC 长为半径画弧，与AC 交于点D ．假设AC ＝1 cm ，那么CD ＝▲cm ．16．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，x 轴上一点A 轴向右平移，当以A 为圆心，半径为1的圆与函数y ＝x 的坐标是▲．三、解答题〔本大题共12小题，共88解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤〕17．〔6分〕解不等式组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧6－2x 3 ≥0，2x ＞x ＋1，并写出不等式组的整数解．18．〔6分〕计算1b －a －a －b a ÷a 2－2ab ＋b 2 a ．19．〔6分〕解方程2x 2＋4x －1＝0．20．〔6分〕某校八年级进行英语听力测试，随机抽取了20名学生的成绩进行统计．学生成绩分别为7分、8分、9分、10分〔总分值为10分〕，依据统计数据绘制了如下尚不完整的统计图．〔1〕请将统计图补充完整；〔2〕该年级共有200名学生，假设成绩9分及9分以上为优秀等级，请估计该年级共有多少名学生的成绩为优秀等级抽取的20名学生成绩统计图〔第20题〕ABCD〔第15题〕AD CEB〔第12题〕l〔第16题〕21．〔7分〕写出以下命题的、求证，并完成证明过程．命题：如果平行四边形的一条对角线平分它的一个内角，那么这个平行四边形是菱形．：如图，▲．求证：▲．证明：22．〔7分〕一列快车上午10∶00由甲地出发，匀速开往乙地，它与乙地的距离y 〔km 〕和行驶时间x 〔h 〕之间的局部函数关系如下列图．〔1〕求y 与x 之间的函数关系式；〔2〕一列慢车当天上午11∶00由乙地出发，以100km/h 的速度匀速开往甲地，当快车到达乙地时，求慢车与快车之间的距离．23．〔7分〕〔1〕如图1，一个小球从M 处投入，通过管道自上而下落到A 或B 或C ．小球从每个叉口落入左右两个管道的可能性是相等〔2〕如图实验一实验四其中，两次指针都落在红色区域的概率与〔1〕中小球落到A 的概率相等的实验是▲.〔只需填入实验的序号〕24．〔7分〕某越剧团准备在市大剧院演出，该剧院能容纳1200人．经调研，如果票价定为30元，那么门票可以全部售完，门票价格每增加1元，售出的门票数就减少20张．票价定为多少元时，门票收入最多最多收入是多少25．〔8分〕如图，AB 为⊙O 的直径，AC为⊙O 的弦，AD 平分∠BAC ，交⊙O 于点D ，DE ⊥AC ，交AC 的延长线于点E ．〔1〕判断直线DE 与⊙O 的位置关系，并说明理由；〔2〕假设AE ＝8，⊙O 的半径为5，求DE 的长．A B C 〔第23题〕图1 图2 ①②③ ④A〔第22题〕AB CD〔第21题〕26．〔8分〕如图，山上有一根电线杆，山脚下有一矩形建筑物ABCD ，在A 、D 、C 三点测得电线杆顶端F 的仰角分别为∠α＝48°，∠β＝56°，∠γ＝65°，测得矩形建筑物宽度AD ＝20 m ，高度DC ＝33 m ．请你从所测数据中作出选择，计算电线杆顶端到地面的高度FG ．〔精确到1m 〕〔参考数据：sin48°≈0.7，cos48°≈0.7，tan48°≈1.1，sin56°≈0.8，cos56°≈0.6，tan56°≈1.5， sin65°≈0.9，cos65°≈0.4，tan65°≈2.1〕27．〔10分〕〔1〕在学习二次函数的图象和性质时，我们从“数〞和“形〞两个方面对二次函数y ＝x 2和y ＝(x ＋3)2进行了研究，现在让我们重温这一过程． ①填表〔表中阴影局部不需填空〕：x … － 6 －5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 23… y ＝x 2…▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲▲… y ＝(x ＋3)2 … ▲▲▲▲▲▲▲…②从对应点的位置看，函数y ＝x 2的图象与函数y ＝(x ＋3)2的图象的位置有什么关系〔2〕借鉴〔1〕中研究的经验，解决问题：①把函数y ＝2x 的图象向▲〔填“左〞或“右〞〕平移▲个单位长度可以得到函数y ＝2x ＋6的图象．②直接写出函数y ＝kx －m〔k 、m 是常数，k ≠0，m ＞0〕的两条不同类型．．．．．．的性质． 28．〔10分〕概念理解把一个或几个图形分割后，不重叠、无缝隙的重新拼成另一个图形的过程叫做“剖分——重拼〞．如图1，一个梯形可以剖分——重拼为一个三角形；如图2，任意两个正方形可以剖分——重拼为一个正方形．尝试操作如图3，把三角形剖分——重拼为一个矩形．〔只要画出示意图，不需说明操作步骤〕阅读解释如何把一个矩形ABCD 〔如图4〕剖分——重拼为一个正方形呢操作如下：〔第28题图3〕DA B C αβγFG〔第26题〕图2图1 〔第28题〕①画辅助图．作射线OX ，在射线OX 上截取OM ＝AB ，MN ＝BC ．以ON 为直径作半圆，过点M 作MI ⊥射线OX ，与半圆交于点I ；②图4中，在CD 上取点F ，使AF ＝MI ，作BE ⊥AF ，垂足为E ．把△ADF 沿射线DC 平移到△BCH 的位置，把△AEB 沿射线AF 平移到△FGH 的位置，得四边形EBHG ．请说明按照上述操作方法得到的四边形EBHG 是正方形．拓展延伸任意一个多边形是否可以通过假设干次的剖分——重拼成一个正方形如果可以，请简述操作步骤；如果不可以，请说明理由． 2022/2022学年度第二学期第一阶段学业质量监测试卷九年级数学参考答案及评分标准说明：本评分标准每题给出了一种或几种解法供参考，如果考生的解法与本解答不同，参照本评分标准的精神给分．二、填空题〔每题2分，共计20分〕7．±3 8．220 9．－2a 10．11．2 12．313．5 14．乙15．16．〔2，0〕或〔－2，0〕三、解答题〔本大题共12小题，共计88分〕 17．〔此题6分〕解：解不等式①，得x ≤3．……………………………………………………………2分解不等式②，得x ＞1．……………………………………………………………4分所以不等式组的解集是1＜x ≤3． ………………………………………………5分不等式组的整数解是2，3．………………………………………………………6分18．〔此题6分〕解：1b －a－a －b a ÷a 2－2ab ＋b 2 a＝1b －a －a －b a ·a(a －b )2…………………………………………………………2分AB CD E F G H图4 OXM N I辅助图〔第28题〕＝1b －a －1a －b …………………………………………………………………4分＝－2a －b ．…………………………………………………………………………6分19．〔此题6分〕解法一：移项，得2x 2＋4x ＝1．………………………………………………………1分两边同时除以2，得x 2＋2x ＝．……………………………………………2分配方，得x 2＋2x ＋1＝＋1，(x ＋1) 2＝． ………………………………………………………4分由此可得x ＋1＝±．x 1＝－1＋，x 2＝－1－． …………………………………………6分解法二：a ＝2，b ＝4，c ＝－1． ……………………………………………………1分 b 2－4ac ＝42－4×2×(－1)＝24＞0．……………………………………2分x ＝………………………………………………………………4分＝－1±，x 1＝－1＋，x 2＝－1－． …………………………………………6分20．〔此题6分〕解：〔1〕图略．…………………………………………………………………………2分〔2〕(4＋5)÷20×200＝90〔名〕．答：估计该年级共有90名学生的成绩为优秀等级． …………………………6分 21．〔此题7分〕解：在□ABCD 中，对角线AC 平分∠DAB 〔或∠DCB 〕． ………………………2分□ABCD 是菱形．…………………………………………………………………3分证法一：∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，∴AD ∥BC ．∴∠DAC ＝∠BCA ．……………………………………………………4分 ∵对角线AC 平分∠DAB ， ∴∠DAC ＝∠BAC ． ∴∠BCA ＝∠BAC ． ∴BA ＝BC ．………………………………………………………………6分 ∴□ABCD 是菱形． ……………………………………………………7分证法二：∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，∴AD ∥BC ，AB ∥DC ．∴∠DAC ＝∠BCA ，∠DCA ＝∠BAC ．………………………………4分 ∵对角线AC 平分∠DAB ， ∴∠DAC ＝∠BAC ． ∴∠DCA ＝∠BCA ． ∵AC ＝AC ，∴△DAC ≌△BAC ．……………………………………………………5分 ∴DA ＝BA ． ……………………………………………………………6分∴□ABCD 是菱形． ……………………………………………………7分22．〔此题7分〕解：〔1〕设y ＝kx ＋b ．…………………………………………………………………1分根据题意，得⎩⎨⎧900＝b ，600＝2k ＋b ．……………………………………………3分解这个方程组，得⎩⎨⎧k ＝－150，b ＝900．∴y ＝－150x ＋900．…………………………………………………………5分〔2〕当y ＝0时，x ＝6． …………………………………………………………6分慢车与快车之间的距离为100×(6－1)＝500〔km 〕．……………………7分 23．〔此题7分〕解：〔1〕如图，可画树状图：由上图可以看出，可能出现的结果有〔a ，c 〕，〔a ，d 〕，〔b ，e 〕，〔b ，f 〕4种，它们出现的可能性相同．所有的结果中，满足小球落到A 的结果只有一种，即〔a ，c 〕，所以P 〔小球落到A 〕＝．…………………………………………………5分〔2〕一，四…………………………………………………………………………7分〔说明：写了“二〞或“三〞的不得分；没写“二〞且没写“三〞的，“一〞，“四〞中每填一个得1分．〕24．〔此题7分〕解：设票价定为x 元时，门票收入为y 元．…………………………………………1分根据题意，得y ＝x [1200－20(x －30)]…………………………………………4分＝－20x 2＋1800x＝－20(x －45)2＋40500．当x ＝45时，y 的值最大，最大值是40500． …………………………………6分答：当票价定为45元时，门票收入最多，最多收入是40500元．……………7分25．〔此题8分〕解：〔1〕直线DE 与⊙O 相切．………………………………………………………1分理由如下：连接OD ．∵AD 平分∠BAC ， ∴∠EAD ＝∠OAD ． ∵OA ＝OD ，∴∠ODA ＝∠OAD ．∴∠ODA ＝∠EAD ．…………………………………………………………2分A B C开始 a bc d e f∴EA ∥OD ． …………………………………………………………………3分 ∵DE ⊥EA ， ∴DE ⊥OD ．又∵点D 在⊙O 上，∴直线DE 与⊙O 相切．……………………………4分〔2〕方法一：如图1，作DF ⊥AB ，垂足为F ． ∴∠DF A ＝∠DEA ＝90°． ∵∠EAD ＝∠F AD ，AD ＝AD ，∴△EAD ≌△F AD ． …………………………5分∴AF ＝AE ＝8，DF ＝DE ．……………………6分 ∵OA ＝OD ＝5，∴OF ＝3．在Rt △DOF 中，DF ＝OD 2－OF 2＝4． ……7分 ∴DE ＝DF ＝4． ………………………………………………………………8分方法二：如图2，连接DB ．∵AB 为⊙O 的直径，∴∠ADB ＝90°．………………………………5分 ∴∠ADB ＝∠AED ．∵∠EAD ＝∠DAB ，∴△EAD ∽△DAB ．…………………………6分 ∴＝．即＝．解得DA ＝45．……………7分在Rt △ADE 中，DE ＝DA 2－AE 2＝4． …………………………………8分方法三：如图3，作OF ⊥AD ，垂足为F ．∴AF ＝AD ，∠AFO ＝∠AED ．……………………5分∵∠EAD ＝∠F AO ， ∴△EAD ∽△F AO ．……………………6分∴＝．即＝．解得DA ＝45．……………7分在Rt △ADE 中，DE ＝DA 2－AE 2＝4．…………………………………8分26．〔此题8分〕解法一：如图，延长AD 交FG 于点E ．……1分在Rt △FDE 中，tan β＝，∴DE ＝．………2分在Rt △FCG 中，tan γ＝，∴CG ＝．………3分∵DE ＝CG ，∴＝． ∴＝，即＝． ……………………………………………5分D A BCα βγFGE DC O BE F 图1A D C OBE图2A D C O BE F 图3解得FG＝＝＝115.5≈116．…………………………7分答：电线杆顶端到地面的高度FG约是116m．…………………………8分解法二：如图，延长AD交FG于点E．……………………………………………1分在Rt△FDE中，tanβ＝，∴DE＝．………………………………2分在Rt△F AE中，tanα＝，∴AE＝．…………………………………3分∵AE－DE＝AD，∴－＝AD．…………………………………………………………5分∴FE＝．∴FG＝FE＋EG＝FE＋CD＝＋CD＝115.5≈116．………………………………………………………………7分答：电线杆顶端到地面的高度FG约是116m．…………………………8分解法三：如图，延长AD交FG于点E．……………………………………………1分在Rt△FCG中，tanγ＝，∴CG＝．………………………………2分在Rt△F AE中，tanα＝，∴AE＝．…………………………………3分∵AE－CG＝AE－DE＝AD，∴－＝AD．…………………………………………………………5分即－＝AD．∴FG＝＝115.5≈116．………………………7分答：电线杆顶端到地面的高度FG约是116m．…………………………8分27．〔此题10分〕解：〔1〕①填表正确．…………………………………………………………………2分②函数y＝x2的图象向左平移3个单位得到函数y＝(x＋3)2的图象．……4分〔2〕①左，3．……………………………………………………………………6分②此题答案不惟一，以下解法供参考．……………………………………10分〔i〕函数图象是中心对称图形，对称中心是〔m，0〕．〔ii〕函数图象是轴对称图形，对称轴是直线y＝x－m〔或函数y＝x－m 的图象〕和直线y＝－x＋m〔或函数y＝－x＋m的图象〕．〔iii〕假设k＞0，那么当x＜m时，y随x增大而减小，当x＞m时，y随x增大而减小；假设k＜0，那么当x＜m时，y随x增大而增大，当x＞m时，y随x增大而增大．〔iv〕假设k＞0，那么当x＞m时，函数图象向右越来越接近x轴，向上越来越接近直线x＝m〔或经过点〔m，0〕且平行于y轴的直线〕；当x＜m时，函数图象向左越来越接近x轴，向下越来越接近直线x＝m〔或经过点〔m，0〕且平行于y轴的直线〕；假设k＜0，那么当x＞m时，函数图象向右越来越接近x轴，向下越来越接近直线x＝m〔或经过点〔m，0〕且平行于y轴的直线〕；当x＜m时，函数图象向左越来越接近x轴，向上越来越接近直线x＝m〔或经过点〔m，0〕且平行于y轴的直线〕28．〔此题10分〕解：尝试操作答案不唯一，如：或等．………………………2分阅读解释在辅助图中，连接OI、NI．∵ON是所作半圆的直径，∴∠OIN＝90°．∵MI⊥ON，∴∠OMI＝∠IMN＝90°且∠OIM＝∠INM．∴△OIM∽△INM．∴＝．即IM2＝OM·NM．……………………………………………3分在图4中，根据操作方法可知，AF2＝AB·AD．∵四边形ABCD是矩形，BE⊥AF，∴DC∥AB，∠ADF＝∠BEA＝90°．∴∠DF A＝∠EAB．∴△DF A∽△EAB．∴＝．即AF·BE＝AB·AD．〔注：用面积法说明也可．〕…………4分∴AF＝BE．………………………………………………………………………5分即BH＝BE．由操作方法知BE∥GH，BE＝GH．∴四边形EBHG是平行四边形．∵∠GEB＝90°，∴四边形EBHG是正方形．……………………………………………………6分拓展延伸可以．采用以下剖分——重拼步骤：〔1〕将多边形剖分为假设干三角形；〔2〕每个三角形剖分——重拼为一个矩形；〔3〕每个矩形剖分——重拼为一个正方形；〔4〕每两个正方形剖分——重拼为一个正方形．……………………………10分。

南京市白下区中考数学一模试题北师大版含答案

2007年初中毕业生学业模拟考试（一）数学本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷两部分．第Ⅰ卷1至2页，第Ⅱ卷3至8页．共120分．考试时间120分钟．第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共24分）注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的考试证号、考试科目用铅笔填涂在答题卡上．2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．不能答在试题卷上．下列各题所附的四个选项中，有且只有一个是正确的．一、选择题(每小题2分，共24分)1. 如果a 的相反数是2，那么a 等于------------------------------------------------------------（） A ．21 B ．21C ．2D ．－2 2. 据了解，南京地铁二号线西延线全长约19400m ，这个数可用科学记数法(保留两个有效数字)表示为--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------（） A ．×104 m B ．×104 m C ．×103 m D ．19000 m3. 下列各图中，不是．．中心对称图形的是----------------------------------------------（）4. 方程x 2－x ＝0的根是----------------------------------------------------------------------（） A ．x ＝1 B ．x ＝0 C ．x 1＝0, x 2＝1 D ．x 1＝0, x 2＝－15. 投掷一枚骰子，得到正面朝上的数字是3的倍数的概率是---------------------（）A.61 B.21 C.32 D.31 6. 面积为5的正方形的边长x 满足不等式-------------------------------------------（）A. 1＜x ＜2B. 2＜x ＜3C. 3＜x ＜5D. 5＜x ＜257.如果反比例函数y ＝xk的图象经过点（－1，2），那么 k 的值为-------------------（） A ．－21 B ．21C ．－2D ．2 8. 在△ABC 中，若∠C ＝90°，cos A ＝ 12，则∠A 等于-----------------------------（）A . 30°B . 45°C . 60°D . 90°9. ⊙O 的半径为6，圆心O 到直线l 的距离为5，则直线l 与⊙O 的位置关系是----（）A ．相交B ．相切C ．相离D ．无法确定 10. 若一个多边形的每个外角都等于45°，则它的边数是--------------------------（）A . 11B . 10C . 9D . 811. 如图，∠MON 内有一点P ，PP 1、PP 2分别被OM 、ON 垂直平分，P 1P 2与OM 、ON 分别交于点A 、B . 若P 1P 2＝10 cm ，则△P AB 的周长为-----------------------------（） A ．6 cm B ．8 cm C ．10 cm D ．12 cm12. 已知x 1 ，x 2是方程x 2－2x －4＝0的两个根，则代数式2111x x +的值是------（） A.－21 B. 41- C. 21 D. 412007年初中毕业生学业模拟考试（一）第Ⅱ卷（共96分）二、填空题（每小题3分，共12分）13．2007年4月6日第十一届“西洽会”当天，江苏省已洽谈落实合作项目共320个，具体投资项目情况如图．则科技成果转让项目约有个（精确到个位）．14．用配方法将二次函数 y ＝2x 2－4x ＋5化为 y ＝a （x －h ）2＋k 的形式是．NMP 2P 1PB AO15. 某花木场有一块形如等腰梯形ABCD 的空地（如图），各边的中点分别是E 、F 、G 、H ，测量得对角线AC ＝10 m ，现想用篱笆围成四边形EFGH 的场地，则篱笆的总长度是 ______________m ．16．如图，若直线l 1与l 2 相交于点P ，则根据图象可得，二元一次方程组233x y x y -=⎧⎨+=⎩，的解是．三、(每小题6分，共24分)17．计算：－32＋（3－2）0－4sin30°＋1)21(-．18．计算： 1)11(2-⋅+x xx ．19．如图，将一副三角板按图叠放，则△ADE 与△BCE 相似吗请说明理由．ABCD E30︒45︒H GFE DCBA 第15题y ＝2x －3y ＝－x ＋3第13题20．口袋里有4张卡片，上面分别写了数字1，2，3，4，先抽一张，不放回，再抽一张，“两张卡片上的数字为一个奇数一个偶数”的概率是多少四、（每小题6分，共12分）21. 如图，在矩形ABCD 中，点E 、F 在BD 上，且BE ＝DF . 求证：四边形AECF 是平行四边形.22．如图是某中学在一次社会百科知识竞赛活动中，抽取的一部分同学的测试成绩为样本，绘制的成绩统计图．请根据该统计图，解答下面问题：（1）本次测试中，抽样的学生有人；（2）这次测试成绩的众数为；（3）若这次测试成绩90分以上（含90分）为优秀，则优秀率为．五、（第23题6分，第24题7分，共13分）23.某气球内充满了一定质量的气体，当温度不变时,气球内气体的气压 p (千帕)是气球体积V (米3) 的反比例函数，其图象如图所示(千帕是一种压强单位). (1)求这个函数的表达式；(2)当气球内的体积为米3时，气球内的气压是多少千帕(3)当气球内的气压大于144千帕时，气球将爆炸，为了安全起见，气球的体积应不小于多少米3FEDCBA24．如图①，两个全等的直角三角形的直角顶点及一条直角边重合，∠CAO ＝30°，OA ＝6cm.（1）求OC 的长；（2）如图②，将△ACB 绕点C 逆时针旋转30°到△A ′CB ′的位置，求点 A 到点 A ′所经过的路径的长.六、（第25题7分，第26题8分，共15分）25．我市对城区百条街巷改造工程启动后，甲、乙两个工程队通过公开招标获得某小巷沿街店面门头招牌的出新改造.若两个工程队合做，则恰好用12天完成任务；若甲、乙合做9天后，由甲再单独做5天也恰好完成.如果每天需要支付甲、乙两公司的工程费用分别为万元和万元. 试问：（1）甲、乙两公司单独完成这项工程各需多少天（2）要使整个工程费用不超过万元，则乙公司最少应施工多少天CO A'AB'BAOCB图①图②26. 已知大⊙O的直径AB＝a cm，分别以OA、OB为直径作⊙O1和⊙O2，并在⊙O与⊙O1和⊙O2的空隙间作两个半径都为r的⊙O3和⊙O4，且这些圆互相内切或外切（如图所示）.（1）猜想四边形O1 O4 O2O3是什么四边形，并说明理由；（2）求四边形O1 O4 O2O3的面积.七、（本题8分）27．如图，直角坐标系中，点A的坐标为（1，0），以线段OA为边在第一象限内作等边△AOB，点C在x的正半轴上，且OC＞1，连接BC，以线段BC为边在第一象限内作等边△CBD．（1）求证：△OBC≌△ABD；（2）当点C沿x轴向右移动时，直线DA交y轴于点P，求点P坐标．O4O2O1O3OBA八、（本题12分）28．如图，抛物线y＝ax2＋bx＋c的顶点P的坐标为（1，－334），交x轴于A、B两点，交y轴于点C（0，－3）．（1）求抛物线的表达式；（2）把△ABC绕AB的中点E旋转180o，得到四边形ADBC.①则点D的坐标为；②试判断四边形ADBC的形状，并说明理由．（3）试问在直线AC上是否存在一点F，使得△FBD的周长最小，若存在，请写出点F的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．2007年初中毕业生学业模拟考试（一）·第Ⅰ卷（24分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共24分）第Ⅱ卷（96分）二、填空题（每小题3分，共12分）13．53 14．y ＝2（x －1）2＋3 15. 20 16. 21x y =⎧⎨=⎩，三、(每小题6分，共24分)17. 解：原式＝－9＋1－4×21＋2 ……………………………………4分＝－8． …………………………………………………6分 18. 解：原式＝)1)(1(1-+⋅+x x xx x …………………………………4分＝11-x ． ………………………………………………6分 19. 解：△ADE ∽△BCE ．……………………………………………1分理由如下：∵∠DAC ＝∠ACB ＝90°，∴∠DAC ＋∠ACB ＝180°．…………2分 ∴AD ∥BC ． …………………………………………………3分 ∴∠DAE ＝∠B ． ……………………………………………………4分又∵∠AED ＝∠BEC ． ………………………………………5分 ∴△ADE ∽△BCE ．………………………………………………6分 20. 答：P （两张卡片上的数字为一个奇数一个偶数）＝32128=． ………6 分四、（每小题6分，共12分）21. 证明：连接AC 交BD 于点O . ……………………………………………1分∵四边形ABCD 是矩形，∴OA ＝OC ，OB ＝OD . …………………………………………………4分 ∵BE ＝DF ，∴OE ＝OF . …………………………………………………5分 ∴四边形AECF 是平行四边形. ……………………………………………6分22. （1）50; …………………………………………………………………2分（2）90; ……………………………………………………………4分（3）86%. …………………………………………………………………6分五、（第23题6分，第24题7分，共13分）23. 答：(1)设这个函数的表达式为p ＝Vk.…………………………………1分根据图象，得48＝2k . 解得k ＝96. ………………………………………………………………2分∴ p ＝V96；…………………………………………………………3分（2）当V ＝米3 时，p ＝6.196＝60(千帕)；……………………4分（3）由当 p ≤144千帕时，得V 96≤144，解得V ≥32.所以为了安全起见，即气球的体积应不小于32米3. ……………………………………………………6分24．解：（1）在Rt △AOC 中，∵∠ACO ＝90°，∠CAO ＝30°，OA ＝6 cm ， ∴OC ＝21OA ＝21×6＝3（cm ）. ……………………………………2分（2）在Rt △AOC 中，∵∠ACO ＝90°，∠CAO ＝30°，OA ＝6 cm ，∴AC ＝33（cm ）. …………4分根据题意，得＝231803330ππ=⋅（cm ）. ………………………7分六、（第25题7分，第26题8分，共15分）25. 解：（1）设单独完成这项工程甲公司需x 天，甲公司需x11211-天.………1分根据题意，得1519121=⋅+⨯x. …………………………………………3分解得x=20. 经检验x=20是原方程的解. ……………………………………4分答:单独完成这项工程甲公司需20天，乙需30天. …………………………5分（2）设乙公司应施工y 天. ………………………………………………………6分＋×（1－30y ）÷201≤.………………………………………………7分解得y ≥15. 即乙公司至少要施工15天.………………………………………8分 26. 解：（1）四边形O 1 O 4 O 2 O 3为菱形. ……………………………………………1分理由如下：∵⊙O 、⊙O 1、⊙O 2、⊙O 3、⊙O 4互相内切或外切，又∵⊙O 1和⊙O 2，⊙O 3和⊙O 4分别是等圆， ∴O 1 O 4＝O 4 O 2＝O 2 O 3＝O 3 O 1＝r a+4.…………………………………………2分 ∴四边形O 1 O 4 O 2 O 3为菱形. ………………………………………………………3分（2）连接O 3 O 4 必过点O ，且O 3 O 4⊥AB . ………………………………………4分 ∵⊙O 3和⊙O 4的半径为 r cm. 又∵⊙O 1、⊙O 2 的半径为4acm ， ∴在Rt △O 3 O 1 O 中，有222424⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛r a r a a .解得 r ＝6a. ………………………………………………………………………6分 ∴O 3 O ＝362aa a =-.∵四边形O 1 O 4 O 2 O 3为菱形，∴S 四边形O 1 O 4 O 2 O 3＝6322a a a =⋅. ……………………………………………………8分七、（本题8分）27. （1）证明：∵OB ＝AB ，∠OBC ＝∠ABD ，BC ＝BD ，…………………………3分∴△OBC ≌△ABD ． ………………………………………………………………4分（2）由（1）可知∠BAD ＝∠BOC ＝60°，………………………………………5分 ∵∠OAP ＋∠OAB ＋∠BAD ＝180°，∴∠OAP ＝60°． ………………………6分在△OAP 中，∠AOP ＝90°，tan ∠OAP ＝OAOP， ∴OP ＝OA ·tan60°＝3． ………………………………………………………7分∴当点C 沿x 轴向右移动时，求点P 的坐标为（0，－3）．…………………8分八、（本题12分） 28. 解：（1）抛物线y ＝334)1(332--x ．………………………………………3分 ABO O 3O 1O 2O 4（2）① D （2， 3）．……………………………………………………………5分 ②四边形ADBC 是矩形．理由：四边形ADBC 是平行四边形，且∠ACB ＝90°．…………………………7分（3）存在．…………………………………………………………………………8分作出点B 关于直线AC 的对称点B ˊ，连接B ˊD 与直线AC 交于点F ．则点F 是使△FBD 周长最小的点．………………………………………………10分〖方法一〗: ∵∠B ˊCA ＝∠DAF ＝90°，∠B ˊFC ＝∠DF A ，∴△B ˊFC ∽△DF A ．∴F 是线段AC 的中点，求得F （21-，23-）． ……………………………12分〖方法二〗: 求得B ˊ（－3，－23）．直线B ˊD 的表达式为y ＝53533-x ．直线AC 的表达式为y ＝33--x ．两直线的交点F 为（－21，－23）． …………………………………………12分。

南京中考化学一模-试卷(白下区)培训讲学

南京中考化学一模_试卷(白下区)南京市白下区2013年中考一模化学试卷相对原子质量为：H-1；C-12；N-14；O-16；Na-23；Cl-35.5； Ca-40；一、选择题（本题共15小题，每小题只有一个．．．．选项符合题意。

）1. 下列生活用品用金属材料制作而成的是A．陶瓷杯B．不锈钢碗 C．塑料盆D．玻璃茶壶2.下列变化中属于化学变化的是A．苹果腐烂 B. 粗盐潮解 C. 干冰升华 D. 蔗糖溶解3. 地壳中含量最多的金属元素是A. 硅B. 铝C. 氧D. 铁4. 下列实验操作中，正确的是A．加热液体B．过滤 C．稀释浓硫酸D．称量固体5. 我省环保部门按新修订的《环境空气质量标准》，着力做好细颗粒物(PM2.5)和臭氧（O3)新增指标的监测。

下列说法正确的是A．焚烧秸秆不会造成大气污染 B．吸入细颗粒物对人体健康没有危害C．化学在环境监测和保护中起重要作用 D．臭氧（O3）是一种氧化物6.下列物质属于纯净物的是A．盐酸B．蒸馏水 C．铝合金 D．石灰石7.一些物质的近似pH为：泡菜3.4、苹果汁3.1、西瓜汁5.8、鸡蛋清7.6，其中酸性最强的是A．泡菜 B．苹果汁 C．西瓜汁 D．鸡蛋清8. 酒精灯的火焰太小时，将灯芯拔得松散些，可使火焰更旺。

其原理是A．降低可燃物的着火点 B．提高可燃物的着火点C．增加空气中氧气含量 D．增大可燃物与空气的接触面积9. 如图为元素周期表第三周期的一部分．据此判断下列说法中正确的是A．Si元素的名称是硅，其核电荷数为14B．Al的相对原子质量是26.98gC．Mg原子的核外电子排布是D．它们都属于金属元素10.图为某反应的微观示意图，其中“”和表示不同元素的原子。

下列说法正确的是A．反应前后原子数目发生改B．反应前后分子种类没有改变C．该反应属于化合反应D．参加反应的两种分子个数比为1∶211. 下列各组离子在溶液中一定能大量共存的是A．H+、OH-、Na+ B．Ca2+、OH-、CO32-C．Na+、K+、Cl- D．H+、NO3-、CO32-12. 有一种叫“干水”的物质，每个“干水”粒子是外层包上沙质硅的小水滴，它吸收二氧化碳的能力比普通水高3倍．下列叙述正确的是A.硅是氧化物B.“干水”是纯净物C. “干水”就是“干冰”D. “干水”的应用有利于缓解室温效应13. 化学使世界变得更加绚丽多彩．如图是物质间发生化学反应的颜色变化，其中无色溶液X是A．稀盐酸 B．澄清石灰水 C．稀硫酸 D．硫酸钠溶液14. 下列四种粒子的结构示意图中，最容易失去电子的粒子是15. 下列图像分别与选项中的操作相对应，其中可能合理的是A ．向一定量的稀盐酸和CaCl 2混合溶液中滴入Na 2CO 3 溶液B ．向一定量的MnO 2固体中加入一定量的过氧化氢溶液C ．向一定量的稀盐酸中滴入NaOH 溶液D ．一定温度（t ℃）时，向一定量的饱和石灰水中加入生石灰二、（本题包括2小题）21.（10分）以下是研究实验室制取氧气的装置图，请按要求回答下列问题．⑴写出图中标号仪器的名称：① ▲ ；② ▲ 。

2021年江苏省南京市白下区中考一模英语试卷

2012届江苏省南京市白下区中考一模英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．Nanjing,______ capital of Jiangsu, is a beautiful city with____ long history.A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a 2．To film fans’ delight, ‘Titanic’ in 3-D returned to Chinese screen ______ April 10, 2012. A．in B．on C．at D．/3．—Why don’t we take a taxi to the Olympic Sports Center in Hexi?—I can’t ____ it. Let’s take the bus instead.A．afford B．pay C．treat D．choose4．—Which shirt will you take, the white one or the blue one?— _______ , just for a change.A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All 5．Sometimes we have much homework to do, but not often. Anyway, it ______in time. A．can finish B．should finishC．can be finished D．should be finished6．— It’s time to go to bed, Mary.— Oh, Mum, I won’t go to bed _____ I have finished my homework.A．after B．until C．since D．because 7．—How well did Sally do in writing ?—Among the students, she made the ________ mistakes.A．fewer B．fewest C．less D．least 8．John _______ at his uncle’s for 3 days and he is now at home.A．stayed B．has stayed C．had stayed D．was staying 9．— Could you tell me_____ ?— About half an hour.A．how long it takes to walk to the Science and Technology Museum from school B．how long it took to walk to the Science and Technology Museum from school C．how far was it to walk to the Science and Technology Museum from schoolD．how far it was to walk to the Science and Technology Museum from school10．— Can we ask Jeff for help with our English?— You’d better not. He is the last person _______ others.A．helps B．helped C．helping D．to help 11．Be careful when you take exams. Check your paper to ________ there are no mistakes before you hand it in.A．make sure B．find out C．think about D．deal with12．We should throw the rubbish into the dustbin ______ protect our environment.A．as a result B．so that C．in order to D．in order not to 13．—Mother’s Day is coming. Here is a pair of jeans for you, Mum.— ______ beautiful blue jeans! Thank you, Amy.A．How a B．How C．What a D．What 14．—Why not come and join us in the game, Linda?—__________, but I have something to discuss with Mr. Smith at his office. A．I hope so B．I’d like to C．Let's go D．It's a pleasure15．— Kate is seldom late for school, _______ she?— ________. She is used to going to school early.A．is; Yes B．isn’t; No C．is; NoD．isn’t; Yes二、完型填空Mr. King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager. He drives carefully and can keep calm when 16 danger. And he escaped from several accidents. The manager 17 him more and the traffic policemen often speaks highly of him.Mr. Baker，one of his friends，works in a factory outside the city. It’s far from his house and he has to go to work by bus. As the street is 18 in the morning, sometimes he’s late for the work. His manager warns the young man that he will be sent away 19 he gets to his office on time. He hopes to buy a car，but he hasn’t enough 20 He decides to buy an old one. One day, he went to the second-hand market and at last he chose a beautiful but cheap car. He said he wanted to try the car，the seller agreed. He 21 Mr King and asked him to help him at once.Mr. King examined(检查) the car and then drove it away. It was early in the morning and there were few cars in the street. At first he drove slowly and it 22 well. Then he drovefast. And when he reached a crossing，the lights turned 23 He tried to stop it， but he failed and 24 hit an old woman who was crossing the street. A policeman told him to stop，but the car went on until it hit a big tree by the road.“Didn’t you hear me，” the policeman asked angrily.“Yes, I did，sir,” said Mr King，“ 25 it doesn’t listen to me，can it obey（听从）you，”16．A．looking B．reaching C．facing D．getting 17．A．helps B．pays C．needs D．believes 18．A．crowded B．quiet C．empty D．full 19．A．until B．unless C．when D．if 20．A．time B．experience C．friends D．money 21．A．called B．found C．visited D．invited 22．A．looked B．traveled C．seemed D．worked 23．A．red B．green C．up D．out 24．A．hardly B．heavily C．nearly D．mostly 25．A．Although B．Since C．While D．For三、阅读单选26．Leave a note on your parents’ bedside table if___________.A．your parents quarrel with each otherB．you find it difficult to talk with themC．you want to be the best possible childD．you go outside to your friend’s house27．From the above we learn_________.A．if we want to help do house work, parents always refuse us.B．your parents will be hurt if you get angry back at a wrong time.C．parents often ground children and control their use of the telephoneD．if we want to discuss with parents, we should wait till they are happy 28．The underlined word “compromise” probably means_________.A．抗争B．妥协C．承诺D．辩论29．What’s the topic of the above?A．How to cooperate with family and friendsB．Arguments between children and parentsC．Tips for teenagers on family problemsD．Advice on educating angry children30．You can read the above _________.A．in a magazine B．in a newspaperC．in a poster D．on the InternetParis—French President Nicolas Sarkozy said he would clear over 300 Roma camps in France. He will send more than 700 Roma back to their native countries, including Romania (罗马尼亚) and Bulgaria (保加利亚) in the next three months.Many French people disagree with Sarkozy’s move. Some European countries don’t agree with the move, either. They say it goes against human rights. However, Sarkozy has made up his mind. Police have been clearing Roma camps.Roma are also called gypsies (吉普赛人). They came from India. They left their homeland sometime during the 11th century and entered Europe in the 14th century. Today there are 2-5 million gypsies. Most of them live in Eastern Europe.They traveled everywhere and made a living as actors, actresses, workers, and by selling goods from faraway lands. Most gypsies are very poor and their children don’t go to school. Some gypsies can’t find work so they make a living begging (乞讨) or stealing. The French government thinks gypsies bring a lot of social problems. That’s why Sarkozy wants them out of France.Sarkozy’s move, however, won’t solve the gypsy problems in France for the long term. According to EU (欧盟) laws, the gypsies of EU member countries are free to go to another EU member country, like France. They can stay there for up to three months. Many of the gypsies will probably come back to France in the future.31．How many Roma will be sent from France to their native countries in the next three months?A．Over 300 B．Over 700 C．2 million D．5 million32．According to the news, most of the Roma live in _________.A．France B．India C．America D．Eastern Europe33．Why does Sarkozy want to send the Roma out of France?A．They traveled everywhere around Europe and India.B．The gypsies are free to go to another EU member country.C．Most gypsies are very poor and their children don’t go to school.D．The French government thinks gypsies bring a lot of social problems.34．How long can the gypsies of EU member countries stay in another EU member country? A．They can stay there all life long.B．They can stay for up to three months.C．They stayed from 11th century to 14th century.D．They can travel to the country and stay for a few days.35．Which is Not True according to the text?A．Police have been clearing Roma camps.B．All the French people agree with Sarkozy’s move.C．Some European countries say the move goes against human rights.D．Sarkozy’s move won’t solve the gypsy problems in France for the long term.Not long ago, I opened an interesting e-mail from Jennifer, a friend of mine. “I’ve realized I want to be around people who make me happy,” she wrote, “I’ve been seeing how I feel after communicating with different people and making a mental list of who I feel good about. And you’re on my list.”Then she invited me — and 11 other women— to a “Movie Night” to be held every six weeks at her house. We’d chat, eat, and watch feel-good movies. She made it clear in her invitation that there was no stress to show up to all or any movie nights. Wonderful! I e-mailed her back immediately. I was in.Later, Jennifer told me she had some puzzled reactions to her invitation. Though all the women were willing to join, some said they didn’t see themselves as cheerful people. “I’ve told them they didn’t have to be cheerful around me all the time. I invited them because they made me feel happy,” she says.Research shows that gatherings such as Jennifer’s_____In a US study, researchers measured(测量) the happiness of 4739 people at regular intervals (间隔) over 20 years. The study found that a person’s happiness depends on(取决于) the happiness of people they connect with. Amazingly, it also found that happiness spreads not only between direct friends, but also among friends of your friends’ friends! And those good feelings seem to be the most contagious (传染性的) among friends of the same sex.“People with more supportive friends are less likely to develop sadness,” says Dr Toupey Luft, a psychologist in Penticyon, British Columbia. “Though you can’t choose your family orworkmates, you do have control over friendships.” With a little effort, you can add more positive(乐观的) relationships to your social circle. Here’s how…36．How many people did Jennifer invite?A．1 B．11 C．12 D．1337．What kind of things can you do on Jennifer’s movie night?A．Gathering and measuring happiness among friends.B．Chatting, eating and watching feel-good movies.C．Being cheerful all the time.D．Showing up stress.38．What do the underlined words mean?A．有意义B．有鉴赏力C．有感觉D．制造气氛39．Which of the following is right?A．Jennifer was puzzled with her invitation.B．All the women who were invited are cheerful people.C．Jennifer invited people who are cheerful around her all the time.D．People with more supportive friends seem to be more positive than people who don’t. 40．Can you guess what will be talked about in the following passage?A．Why it is important to pick friends who make you feel good.B．How to make friends who make you feel good.C．What kinds of friends you should not make.D．How you can find your social circle."I didn’t hear them call my name," explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) as she talked about that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004. "Are you ready?" is what she heard. Then she said, "I shook my head no, and then they said ‘yes’ and it was announced again."It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana—she was still_______"I was so shocked! I never believed that it could actually really happen." Present in the audience that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance teacher.Understanding why members of her family and her friends would be there, AT asked why her dance teacher had traveled so far to see her compete（比赛）."She’s always been my role model. I’ve danced with her since I was six. She’s been through so many difficulties and came through them all. I’ve learned to get over bad life’s experiences and learned how to move on because of her."One of those bad life’s experiences for Shelley happened three years ago when her brother Brad was killed in a drunk driving accident. He was 18. She found writing helped her get through the hard days. She said, "I write a lot about my brother. I write a lot, a lot, a lot...” As Miss Louisiana Teen, she traveled around the state speaking to teens about the dangers of drinking and driving. In her role as Miss Teen USA, Shelley will continue to speak to youth about safe driving, in addition to(除…之外) many other things to help the youth.When AT asked Miss Teen USA if she had any advice for our readers, she said, "Don’t let anyone change you. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. That way, it is easy to be yourself."41．What do the words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．hard to believe B．hard to forgetC．very happy D．very satisfied42．Shelley’ dance teacher was present in her competition mainly because _______. A．she just expected to help Shelly to move onB．she wanted to stay with Shelly when in needC．she experienced as many difficulties as ShellyD．she played an important role in Shelly’s life43．How many children did the Hennigs have according to the text?A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.44．What happened to Shelly before 2004 according to the passage?A．She wrote to her brother to get through difficulties.B．She succeeded in competing for Miss Louisiana Teen.C．She had his younger brother killed in a car accident.D．She gave kids and teens suggestions about road safety.45．If you are asked to find a proper title for the passage, you choose_________.A．Miss Teen USA 2004 B．A life changing eventC．Never to lose yourself D．Bad experiences help四、根据句意填空A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。