KSH47中文资料

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从马克沁到AK

从马克沁到AK-47路透社报道，世界上最广泛使用的自动步枪AK-47的设计者卡拉什尼科夫去世，享年9 4岁。

前苏联政府因他的重大贡献多次授予他各种荣誉、奖章。

卡拉什尼科夫的枪械系统影响了多个国家的枪械设计风格。

他被誉为“世界枪王”。

从某种意义上，卡拉什尼科夫与马克沁是同样伟大的天才，他AK-47完全可以与百年前的马克沁机枪相提并论。

在人类战争史上，马克沁重机枪是一个标志性的墓碑。

马克沁机枪是世界上第一种真正成功地以火药燃气为能源的自动武器。

马克沁利用射击时枪的后坐力完成开锁、退壳、送弹、重新闭锁等一系列动作，实现自动连续射击，每分钟可发射600余发子弹。

在马克沁机枪中，人类第一次运用了复进簧、可靠的抛壳系统、弹带供弹机构、加速机构、可靠调整弹底间隙、射速调节油压缓冲器等机构。

“马克沁”后来成了机枪和自动武器的代名词。

正如英文版《武器装备百科全书》所说：“马克沁机枪的出现标志着一个时代的结束。

”马克沁机枪一出世，就立刻实现了机器对人的优势，成为最可怕的“帝国工具”。

人变成蜂窝样的尸体；1898年，苏丹的恩图曼之战，5个小时内有15000名苏丹人死在英国人的马克沁机枪之下。

英国作家希莱尔·贝洛克骄傲地说：“不管发生什么事，我们有马克沁机枪，而他们没有。

”甲午战争后，失势的李鸿章周游世界，在伦敦亲自观看了马克沁机枪试射。

当他亲眼看到一棵大树瞬间被射倒后，大为惊讶；得知每分钟发射600多发子弹的马克沁机枪售价高达30英镑，李鸿章惊叫道：“这种枪耗弹太多、太昂贵了，中国不能使用。

”一战作为人类第一场机械化战争，马克沁机枪成为摩托车、坦克、装甲车、飞机、军舰，甚至“齐柏林”飞艇的标准装备。

当时德国陆军装备的马克沁机枪超过12500挺，平均每团100挺。

在1916年7月的索姆河战役中，德国人以平均每百米一挺马克沁机枪的火力密度，向40公里进攻正面上的14个英国师疯狂扫射。

一天之内就造成6万名英军士兵伤亡。

cs47h双金属片式疏水阀

Cs47h双金属片式疏水阀中部增幅最大。

一季度，东、中、西三大地带城镇固定资产投资分别增长26.5%、42.0%和30.51%，中部地区投资增速分别高于东、西部地区15.5和11.5个百分点。

与上年同期相比，分别提高4.54、9.36和2.41个百分点。

（二）三大地带建筑安装工程投资增速均超过27%,中部最快，同比均明显提高，中、西部均超过11个百分点。

一季度，东、中、西三大地带建筑安装工程投资分别增长27.24%、45.69%和34.73%，中部地区分别比东、西部地区快18.45和10.96个百分点。

与上年同期相比，分别提高6.74、12.6和11.3个百分点。

（三）三大地带设备工器具购置投资增速均高于24%，中部领先，同比中部一、产品[蒸汽疏水阀]的详细资料：产品名称：可调双金属片式蒸汽疏水阀产品特点：结构独特、性能优良、排水量大、漏汽最小、排水温度可调节．过冷度在2℃左右，可排除大量冷空气和其它不凝汽体，不会产生汽堵现象。

可更换内件，易于维修和调整。

二、主要特点：结构独特、性能优良、排水量大、漏汽最小、排水温度可调节．过冷度在2℃左右，可排除大量冷空气和其它不凝汽体，不会产生汽堵现象。

可更换内件，易于维修和调整。

三、主要性能规范：型号项目CSl7H一16CCS47H一16CCS67H一16CCSl7H一25CS47H一25CS67H一2SCSl7H-40CS47H-40CS67H一40单位公称压力 1.6 2,5 4．OMPa 壳体试验压力 2.4 3.8 6.0最高工作压力 1.6 2.5 4.0最高工作温度203 220 247℃最高允许温度425 425 425工作介质蒸汽、凝结水四、主要零件材料：型号项目CS17/47/67H-16/25/40C 阀体碳钢阀盖碳钢阀蕊不锈钢阀座不锈钢热敏元件热双金属片过滤器不锈钢五、工洲牌可调双金属片式蒸汽疏水阀主要外型连接尺寸：型号公称通径DN螺纹通径承插连接法兰连接RC L H W L H W d T L H D K d C F N-Φ（mm）（mm）（mm）CS17H-16C CS47H-16C CS67H-16C 151/21092 821092 8222121592 95 65 451424-14 23/41092 821092 822712159210575 551424-14 2511092 821092 823412169211585 651424-14 3211/416514115165141154213201413510781624-18 411/216514115165141154813201414511851634-18 5217514115175141156114231416125101634-18CS17H-25 CS47H-25 CS67H-25 151/21092 821092 8222121592 95 65 451424-14 23/41092 821092 822712159210575 551424-14 2511092 821092 823412169211585 651424-14 3211/416514115165141154213201413510781624-184 0 11/216514115165141154813201414511851634-185 0 217514115175141156114231416125101634-18CS17H-40 CS47H-40 CS67H-40 151/21092 821092 8222121592 95 65 451424-14 23/41092 821092 822712159210575 551424-14 2511092 821092 823412169211585 651424-14 3211/416514115165141154213201413510781624-18 411/216514115165141154813201414511851634-18 5217514115175141156114231416125101634-18一、产品[疏水阀]的详细资料：产品名称：温度调整型疏水阀产品特点：新型SCCV关闭系统设计，关闭可靠，寿命长久。

HD49334AF资料

+ −
BIAS
Байду номын сангаасBIAS
AVDD
Rev.1.0, Apr 20, 2004, page 4 of 22
HD49334AF/AHF
Block Diagram
DRDVDD ADCLK SPBLK SPSIG DVDD AVDD DVSS AVSS
16 18 19 Timing generator
31 16 18 19 19 42 OEB
Bias generator
17
44 45 43
35
32 34 33
VRT
VRM
SDATA
Rev.1.0, Apr 20, 2004, page 5 of 22
BIAS
OBP
VRB
SCK
CS
Output latch circuit
HD49334AF/AHF
Internal Functions
Functional Description • CDS input CCD low-frequency noise is suppressed by CDS (correlated double sampling). The signal level is clamped at 14 LSB to 76 LSB by resister during the OB period. *1 Gain can be adjusted using 8 bits of register (0.132 dB steps) within the range from –2.36 dB to 31.40 dB. *2 • ADC input The center level of the input signal is clamped at 512 LSB (Typ). Gain can be adjusted using 8 bits of register (0.01784 times steps) within the range from 0.57 times (–4.86 dB) to 5.14 times (14.22 dB). *1 • Automatic offset calibration of PGA and ADC • DC offset compensation feedback for CCD and CDS • Pre-blanking CDS input operation is protected by separating it from the large input signal. Digital output is set at clamp level by resister. • Digital output enable function Notes: 1. It is not covered by warranty when 14LSB settings 2. Full-scale digital output is defined as 0 dB (one time) when 1 V is input. Operating Description Figure 1 shows CDS/PGA + ADC function block.

AK-47英文介绍

DO YOU WANT TO ROB A BANK for money!!
Do you want to revenge for yourself? And do you want to protect yourself? Do you want to fight for your own freedom? You need a powerful weapon!
•ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
•
The advantage of AK-47
• First:easily use even woman and children can learn to use it so fast • Second:it can shot for a long time without broken • Third:it’s cheep among usd 100500(depend on the area is peaceful or not)
Mikhail Kalashnikov
• Kalashnikov was conscripted into the Red Army in 1938, and became a tank driver-mechanic, achieving the rank of senior sergeant (tank commander) serving on the T-34s of the 24th Tank Regiment, 12th Tank Division[5] stationed in Stryi[6][7] before the regiment retreated after the failed counterattack at Brody, June 1941. He was wounded in combat during the defence of Bryansk, October 1941, and released for six months recuperation due to illness. While in the hospital, he overheard some soldiers complaining about the Soviet rifles of the time[citation needed]. He also had bad experiences with the standard infantry weapons at the time, and so he was inspired to start constructing a new rifle for the Soviet military. During this time Kalashnikov began designing a submachine gun.[8]

兵器知识中关于AK的文章

兵器知识中关于AK的文章19xx年，苏俄著名枪械设计师xxx设计出AK-47步枪，在之后的数十年里，上亿支AK-47步枪源源不断被造出，又进入世界各个角落的人手中，上至xx部队，下至xxx、xxx海盗，手中都有大把的AK-47及其子嗣。

AK-47自动步枪在自己半个世纪的历史中成为了真正的传奇。

在xxx的仓库中存储有约1600 万支各种轻武器，其中大部分是AK-47。

这中间有约650 万支超过了使用寿命。

尽管俄罗斯在10 年的时间内实施了销毁陈旧武器装备型号的计划，这样巨大的轻武器存量还是阻滞了新武器装备的订购。

国有俄罗斯技术公司将继续执行解决问题的方案，计划用1 支新型的AK–12 自动步枪换3 支老一代自动步枪，以减少军事仓库的库存量。

自动步枪的双标准。

俄罗斯自动步枪最主要的成就是，AK-47既可以使用北约的5.56 毫米定装弹，也可以使用苏联式的7.62 毫米定装弹。

专家认为，正是这个双标准才使“xxx”在世界武器市场上如此普及。

自动步枪实现了在全世界范围内的克隆。

在很多国家存在着AK-47的非法生产。

官方承认的生产国家有12个，非法生产厂家无法计算。

大多数国家的仿制品质量非常差，严重损害了俄罗斯武器设计专家的信誉。

实际上在任何一个展示会上，俄罗斯的代表都不得不向外国生产厂家就仿制苏联武器问题提出索赔要求。

而实际上在1997 年获得的AK-47专利权（19xx 年4 月4 日），只能保护AK–74М系列自动步枪中的某些设计方案，而不是AK 和AKM 自动步枪。

AK–47 是索马里海盗喜爱的武器和熟知古兰经的奖品。

在索马里，对于很多人来说，AK-47就像渔民的鱼网一样重要，是唯一的生产工具。

在这个国家里宗教激进组织青年党活动猖獗，孩子们如果熟读古兰经就会被奖励这种武器。

HJ47中文资料

Page No. : 1/3HJ47NPN EPITAXIAL PLANAR TRANSISTORDescriptionThe HJ47 is designed for high voltage switch switching applications.Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25°C)• Maximum TemperaturesStorage Temperature............................................................................................ -50 ~ +150 °C Junction Temperature................................................................................... +150 °C Maximum • Maximum Power DissipationTotal Power Dissipation (Tc=25°C).................................................................................... 20 W • Maximum Voltages and CurrentsBVCBO Collector to Base Voltage.................................................................................... 350 V BVCEO Collector to Emitter Voltage................................................................................. 250 V BVEBO Emitter to Base Voltage........................................................................................... 5 V IC Collector Current.............................................................................................................. 1 A Characteristics (Ta=25°C)Symbol Min.Typ.Max.Unit Test ConditionsBVCBO350--V IC=1mABVCEO250--V IC=30mABVEBO5--V IE=0.1mAIEBO--1mA VEB=5VICEO--0.2mA VCE=150VICES--0.1mA VCE=350V*VCE(sat)--1V IC=1A, IB=0.2A*VBE(on)-- 1.5V IC=1A, VCE=10V*hFE130-150IC=0.3A, VCE=10V*hFE210--IC=1A, VCE=10VfT10--MHz IC=0.2A, VCE=10V, f=2MHz*Pulse Test : Pulse Width ≤380us, Duty Cycle≤2%Page No. : 2/3 Characteristics CurvePage No. : 3/3*:TypicalInches Millimeters Inches Millimeters DIM Min.Max.Min.Max.DIM Min.Max.Min.Max.A 0.01770.02170.450.55G0.08660.1102 2.20 2.80B 0.06500.0768 1.65 1.95H -*0.0906-*2.30C 0.03540.05910.90 1.50I -0.0354-0.90D 0.01770.02360.450.60J -0.0315-0.80E 0.25200.2677 6.40 6.80K 0.20470.2165 5.20 5.50F0.21250.2283 5.40 5.80L0.05510.0630 1.40 1.60Notes : 1.Dimension and tolerance based on our Spec. dated May. 05,1996.2.Controlling dimension : millimeters.3.Maximum lead thickness includes lead finish thickness, and minimum lead thickness is the minimum thickness of base material.4.If there is any question with packing specification or packing method, please contact your local HSMC sales office.Material :• Lead : 42 Alloy ; solder plating• Mold Compound : Epoxy resin family, flammability solid burning class:UL94V-0Important Notice:• All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written approval of HSMC.• HSMC reserves the right to make changes to its products without notice.• HSMC semiconductor products are not warranted to be suitable for use in Life-Support Applications, or systems.• HSMC assumes no liability for any consequence of customer product design, infringement of patents, or application assistance.Head Office And Factory :• Head Office (Hi-Sincerity Microelectronics Corp.) : 10F.,No. 61, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan N. Rd. Taipei Taiwan R.O.C.Tel : 886-2-25212056 Fax : 886-2-25632712, 25368454• Factory 1 : No. 38, Kuang Fu S. Rd., Fu-Kou Hsin-Chu Industrial Park Hsin-Chu Taiwan. R.O.C Tel : 886-3-5983621~5 Fax : 886-3-5982931• Factory 2 : No. 17-1, Ta-Tung Rd., Fu-Kou Hsin-Chu Industrial Park Hsin-Chu Taiwan. R.O.C Tel : 886-3-5977061 Fax : 886-3-5979220。

VEGAPULS60系列雷达物位计选型手册

RadarContinuous level measurementOverview Page 16 VEGAPULS series 60 Page 18 Antenna cover Page 36AL-EN 11516Radar – VEGAPULSVEGAPULSNon-contact measurement under all process conditions Measuring principleExtremely short microwave impulses are emitted by the antenna system to the measured product, reflected by the product surface and received again by the antenna system. The time from emission to reception of the signals is proportional to the level in the vessel. A special time spreading procedure enables the reliable and precise measurement of the extremely short signal running times. The radar sensors are available indifferent C and K-band frequency ranges, this ensures the optimum solution for the different applications. The proven ECHOFOX signal processing analysis the reflections in the vessel based on long-standing experience and detects the level signal reliably. The adaptation to the respective application is really simple through the selection of the application parameters.ApplicationsLevel in liquidsTwo different emitting frequencies are available for these applications.The compact, high frequency K-band sensors VEGAPULS 61, 62 and 63 are particularly suitable for applications where high accuracy is required. Since even with small antenna sizes, an excellent signal focusing is reached, hence mounting on small mounting openingsis possible. The low frequency C-band sensors VEGAPULS 65 and 66can penetrate foam and strong condensation and are thus particularly suitable for arduous process conditions. Unaffected by steam, gas composition, pressure and temperature changes, radar sensors detect the product surface of different products reliably and ensure thus an optimum process.Level in bulk solidsThe high frequency sensors VEGAPULS 67 and 68 in K-bandtechnology are used for these applications. Thanks to the very good focusing of the signals, the level is detected reliably independent of silo installations or buildup on the vessel wall. A high sensitivity electronics optimized to the requirements of the bulk solids measurement, enables a reliable level measurement of different products up to a distance of 75 m. The measuring principle is unaffected by strong dust generation,filling noise, air turbulences by pneumatic filling and temperature fluctuations and ensures a reliable and maintenance-free operation of the systems. The application area covers applications in the food processing industry and the plastic processing up to the steel generati-on and mineral rock processing.AL-ENOverviewAL-EN117Radar – VEGAPULS18Radar – VEGAPULS WL611 Mounting strap2 Combi compression flangeYou will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".AL-EN VEGAPULS WL 61Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of water and waste waterApplication areaThe VEGAPULS WL 61 is the ideal sensor for all applications in water and sewage water applications. It is particularly suitable for use in water processing, pump stations as well as overflow basins, for flow measurement in open flumes and gauge monitoring. The VEGAPULS WL 61 is an economical solution through versatile and simple mounting options. The flood-proof IP 68 housing ensures a maintenance-free permanent operation.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free- Exact measuring results independent of product, process and ambient conditionsTechnical data Measuring range: up to 15 m Process fitting: thread G1½ mounting strap compression flanges from DN 80, 3" Process temperature: -40 … +80 °C Process pressure: -1 … +2 bar (-100 … +200 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 2 mmApprovalXX without ....................................................................................................................................................................AX ATEX II 3G Ex nA IIC T6 Gc X ..............................................................................................................................CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 Ga, Ga/Gb, Gb ...............................................................................................Cable lengthfrom >6 m, per additional 100 mm cable of PURAL-EN119Radar – VEGAPULS WL61201 Version with encapsulated antenna system2 Version with plastic horn antenna3 Mounting strap4 Adapter flangeRadar – VEGAPULS 61You will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".AL-EN VEGAPULS 61Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS 61 is a radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids under simple process conditions. The VEGAPULS 61 is an economical solution through its simple and versatile mounting possibilities. The encapsulated antenna system ensures a maintenance-free operation.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free - Exact measuring results independent of process conditionsTechnical data Measuring range: up to 35 m Process fitting: thread G1½, 1½ NPT mounting strap compression flanges from DN 80, 3" adapter flanges from DN 100, 4" Process temperature: -40 … +80 °C Process pressure: -1 … +3 bar (-100 … +300 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 2 mm SIL qualification: optionally up to SIL2ApprovalXX without ..................................................................................................................................................................... XM Ship approval ........................................................................................................................................................... CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 .......................................................................................................................... CA ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + WHG ............................................................................................................. CM ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + Ship approval ................................................................................................ CI IEC Ex ia IIC T6 ....................................................................................................................................................... DX ATEX II 1/2G, 2G Ex d ia IIC T5/T6 ........................................................................................................................AL-EN121Radar – VEGAPULS 6122Radar – VEGAPULS 621 Threaded version2 Threaded version withtemperature adapter up to +250 °C 3 Flange versionAntenna-øLength Beam angle40 mm 100 mm 20°48 mm 120 mm 15°75 mm 216 mm 10°95 mm430 mm 8°245 mm (parabolic)138 mm3°You will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".AL-EN VEGAPULS 62Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS 62 is a universally implementable radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids. It is suitable for level measurement in storagecontainers, reactors and process vessels, even under difficult process conditions. With its various antenna versions and materials, VEGAPULS 62 is the optimal solution for almost all applications and processes. Its wide temperature and pressure range makes project planning simple.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free- Exact measuring results independent of pressure, temperature, gas and steamTechnical data Measuring range: up to 35 m Process fitting: thread from G1½, 1½ NPT flanges from DN 50, 2" Process temperature: -196 … +450 °C Process pressure: -1 … +160 bar (-100 … +16000 kPa) Measuring accuracy: +/- 2 mm SIL qualification: optionally up to SIL2ApprovalXX without .....................................................................................................................................................................XM Ship approval ..........................................................................................................................................................CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 .........................................................................................................................CA ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + WHG ............................................................................................................CM ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + Ship approval ...............................................................................................CI IEC Ex ia IIC T6 ......................................................................................................................................................DX ATEX II 1/2G, 2G Ex d ia IIC T5/T6 ........................................................................................................................DI IEC Ex d ia IIC T6 ...................................................................................................................................................CK IEC Ex ia IIC Ga,Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T...Da,Da/Db,Db .......................................................................................DK IEC Ex d IIC Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db .............................................................................................Length standpipe / Total length316L (200-5850 mm) per 100 mmAL-EN123Radar – VEGAPULS 6224Radar – VEGAPULS 631 Flange version DN 502 Flange version DN 803 Clamp version 2"You will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".AL-EN VEGAPULS 63Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS 63 is a radar sensor for continuous level measurement ofaggressive liquids or with hygienic requirements. It is suitable for applications in storage tanks, process vessels, dosing vessels and reactors. The encapsulated antenna system of VEGAPULS 63 protects the VEGAPULS 63 against pollution and ensures a maintenance-free permanent operation. The front-flush mounting ensures an optimum cleanability even with high hygienic requirements.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free - Exact measuring results independent of process conditionsTechnical data Measuring range: up to 35 m Process fitting: hygienic fittings boltings flanges from DN 50, 2" Process temperature: -196 … +200 °C Process pressure: -1 … +16 bar (-100 … +1600 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 2 mm SIL qualification: optionally up to SIL21ApprovalXX without ......................................................................................................................................................................XM Ship approval ...........................................................................................................................................................CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 ...........................................................................................................................CA ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + WHG .............................................................................................................CM ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + Ship approval ................................................................................................CI IEC Ex ia IIC T6 .......................................................................................................................................................DX ATEX II 1/2G, 2G Ex d ia IIC T5/T6 .........................................................................................................................DI IEC Ex d ia IIC T6 ....................................................................................................................................................CK IEC Ex ia IIC Ga,Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T...Da,Da/Db,Db .........................................................................................DK IEC Ex d IIC Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db ..............................................................................................RX IEC Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db .................................................................................................................................1 Threaded version G1½2 Flange version DN 80You will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".VEGAPULS 65Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS 65 is a radar sensor for continuous measurement of liquids under simple process conditions. It is particularly suitable for level measurement invessels with small process fittings and under simple process conditions. The slim rod antenna enables the installation in small vessel openings.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free - Reliable measurement independent of process conditionsTechnical data Measuring range: up to 35 m Process fitting: thread from G1½, 1½ NPT flanges from DN 50, 2" Process temperature: -40 … +150 °C Process pressure: -1 … +16 bar (-100 … +1600 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 8 mm SIL qualification: optionally up to SIL21ApprovalXX without ....................................................................................................................................................................XM Ship approval ..........................................................................................................................................................CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 .........................................................................................................................CA ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + WHG ............................................................................................................CM ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + Ship approval ...............................................................................................CI IEC Ex ia IIC T6 ......................................................................................................................................................DX ATEX II 1/2G, 2G Ex d ia IIC T5/T6 .......................................................................................................................1 Version with horn antenna ø 145 mm2 Version with standpipe antennaAntenna-øLength Beam angle75 mm 75 mm 38°96 mm 113 mm 30°145 mm 205 mm 20°195 mm 296 mm 17°240 mm380 mm14°You will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".VEGAPULS 66Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS 66 is a sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids under arduous process conditions. It is suitable for applications in storage tanks, process vessels or standpipes. The VEGAPULS 66 can be used universally thanks to different antenna versions.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free - Reliable measurement independent of process conditionsTechnical data Measuring range: up to 35 m Process fitting: flanges from DN 50, 2" Process temperature: -60 … +400 °C Process pressure: -1 … +160 bar (-100 … +16000 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 8 mm SIL qualification: optionally up to SIL21ApprovalXX without .....................................................................................................................................................................XM Ship approval ..........................................................................................................................................................CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 .........................................................................................................................CA ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + WHG ............................................................................................................CM ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T6 + Ship approval ...............................................................................................CI IEC Ex ia IIC T6 ......................................................................................................................................................DX ATEX II 1/2G, 2G Ex d ia IIC T5/T6 ........................................................................................................................DI IEC Ex d ia IIC T6 ...................................................................................................................................................CK IEC Ex ia IIC Ga,Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T...Da,Da/Db,Db ........................................................................................DK IEC Ex d IIC Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db .............................................................................................Length standpipe / Total length316L (500-5950 mm) per 100 mm1 Mounting strap2 Adapter flangeYou will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".VEGAPULS 67Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS 67 is a sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solids under simple process conditions. It is suitable for smaller silos and vessels. The VEGAPULS 67 is an economical solution through its versatile and simple mounting options. The encapsulated antenna system ensures maintenance-free permanent operation even with strong buildup.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free - Reliable measurement independent of vapour, dust and noiseTechnical data Measuring range: up to 15 m Process fitting: mounting strap compression flanges from DN 80, 3" Process temperature: -40 … +80 °C Process pressure: -1 … +2 bar (-100 … +200 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 2 mm SIL qualification: optionally up to SIL21ApprovalXX without .......................................................................................................................................................................RX ATEX II 1D, 1/2D, 2D Ex t IIIC T... Da, Da/Db, Db ....................................................................................................1 Threaded version with horn antenna2 Threaded version with horn antenna and with temperature adapter3 Version with horn antenna and swivelling holderAntenna-øLength Beam angle40 mm 100 mm 20°48 mm 120 mm 15°75 mm 216 mm 10°95 mm430 mm8°You will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".VEGAPULS SR 68Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS SR 68 is a radar sensor for continuous measurement of bulk solids even under difficult process conditions. It is particularly suitable for level measurement in high silos and large bunkers. The VEGAPULS SR 68 is aneconomical solution thanks to the simple setup and the reliable, maintenance-free operation.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free - Reliable measurement independent of vapour, dust and noiseTechnical data Measuring range: up to 30 m Process fitting: thread from G1½, 1½ NPT flanges from DN 50, 2" Process temperature: -40 … +250 °C Process pressure: -1 … +100 bar (-100 … +10000 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 2 mm1ApprovalXX without .................................................................................................................................................................CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T5 ......................................................................................................................CK ATEX II 1, 1/2, 2G Ex ia IIC + II 1, 1/2, 2D Ex t IIIC ............................................................................................CI IEC Ex ia IIC T6 Ga, Ga/Gb, Gb .........................................................................................................................DX ATEX II 1/2G, 2G Ex d ia IIC T5/T6 ....................................................................................................................DI IEC Ex d ia IIC T6 ................................................................................................................................................CK IEC Ex ia IIC Ga,Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T...Da,Da/Db,Db ....................................................................................DK IEC Ex d IIC Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db .........................................................................................RX ATEX II 1D, 1/2D, 2D Ex t IIIC T... Da, Da/Db, Db .............................................................................................RX IEC Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db ............................................................................................................................1 Threaded version with horn antenna2 Threaded version with horn antenna and with temperature adapter3 Version with parabolic antenna and swivelling holderAntenna-øLength Beam angle40 mm 100 mm 20°48 mm 120 mm 15°75 mm 216 mm 10°95 mm430 mm 8°245 mm (parabolic)138 mm3°You will find further process fittings and options under /configurator .You will find further drawings and tables under /downloads.You will find mounting accessory, welded sockets and housing overviews in chapter "Accessory".VEGAPULS 68Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solidsApplication areaThe VEGAPULS 68 is a radar sensor for continuous measurement of bulk solids also under difficult process conditions and with large measuring ranges. The sensor is ideal for level measurement in high silos, large bunkers, stone crushers and in the furnace. The VEGAPULS 68 with different antenna versions and materials is the optimum solution for virtually all applications and processes. Through the wide temperature and pressure range, the sensor can be used universally and enables a simple planning.Your benefit- Maintenance-free operation through non-contact measuring principle - High plant availability, because wear and maintenance-free - Reliable measurement independent of vapour, dust and noiseTechnical data Measuring range: up to 75 m Process fitting: thread from G1½, 1½ NPT flanges from DN 50, 2" Process temperature: -196 … +450 °C Process pressure: -1 … +160 bar (-100 … +16000 kPa) Accuracy: +/- 2 mm SIL qualification: optionally up to SIL2ApprovalXX without ...................................................................................................................................................................... XM Ship approval ............................................................................................................................................................ CX ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T5 ........................................................................................................................... CM ATEX II 1G, 1/2G, 2G Ex ia IIC T5 + Ship approval ................................................................................................. CK ATEX II 1, 1/2, 2G Ex ia IIC + II 1, 1/2, 2D Ex t IIIC ................................................................................................. CI IEC Ex ia IIC T6 Ga, Ga/Gb, Gb .............................................................................................................................. DX ATEX II 1/2G, 2G Ex d ia IIC T5/T6 ......................................................................................................................... DI IEC Ex d ia IIC T6 ..................................................................................................................................................... CK IEC Ex ia IIC Ga,Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T...Da,Da/Db,Db ......................................................................................... DK IEC Ex d IIC Ga/Gb,Gb + Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db ............................................................................................... RX ATEX II 1D, 1/2D, 2D Ex t IIIC T... Da, Da/Db, Db ................................................................................................... RX IEC Ex t IIIC T... Da,Da/Db,Db .................................................................................................................................AL-EN135Radar – VEGAPULS 6836Radar – VEGAPULS Cover for antenna / Material / Temperature max.D Horn ø75 mm / PP / 80°C .............................................................................................................................F Horn ø75 mm / PTFE / 130°C ......................................................................................................................L Horn ø75 mm / PTFE textile for flange / 250°C ............................................................................................H Horn ø75 mm / PTFE textile with silicone ring / 200°C .................................................................................E Horn ø95 mm / PP / 80°C .............................................................................................................................G Horn ø95 mm / PTFE / 130°C ......................................................................................................................M Horn ø95 mm / PTFE textile for flange / 250°C ............................................................................................I Horn ø95 mm / PTFE textile with silicone ring / 200°C .................................................................................For flange / Material 33602 DN80 PN10-40, ANSI 3"150, JIS DN80 10K / EPDM .....................................................................................33750 DN100 PN10-16, ANSI 4"150 , JIS DN100 10K / EPDM ................................................................................33751 DN150 PN10-16, ANSI 6"150, JIS DN150 10K / EPDM .................................................................................AL-EN Antenna cover VEGAPULS 68 Antenna cover of plastic or flexible Gore ® diaphragm The antenna cover can be retrofitted and avoids dust layers in the antenna system. The necessary mounting material is included in the scope of delivery.Variable seal VEGAPULS 67 Variable seal for sensor inclination。

俄罗斯ak47式突击步枪

文化符号
AK-47已经成为一种文化符号，代表着力量、反叛和革命，其形象不仅出现在影视游戏中，还常常出现在各类艺术品、设计作品中。
04
AK-47的文化象征与争议
AK-47作为冷战时期的象征
军事力量象征
AK-47突击步枪在冷战时期成为苏联军事力量的象征，展现了其在武器制造和军事技术方面的实力。
01
缺点
02
03
04
1. 射击精度一般：与其他现代突击步枪相比，AK-47的射
击精度相对较低。
2. 重量较大：AK-47的重量较大，长时间携带会增加士兵
的疲劳度。
3. 后坐力较大：虽然采用中间威力步枪弹，但后坐力仍然较大，对射手的控制能力有一
定要求。
03
AK-47在军事和民用领域的应用
军事领域的应用实例
有效射程
在常规环境下，AK-47的有效射程约为400米。
枪械的优缺点分析
优点
1. 可靠性高：AK-47在恶劣环境下仍能保持良好的可靠性，适合各种气候条件。
2. 易于维护：该枪械结构简单，维护方便，对维护人员技术要求不高。
枪械的优缺点分析
• 火力猛：采用中间威力步枪弹，具有较高的杀伤力。
枪械的优缺点分析
AK-47在现代社会的地位与影响
广泛流行与文化符号
AK-47在现代社会中成为了一个广泛认知的文化符号，出现在电影、游戏、音乐等多个领域，常被视为战斗、战争和革命的象征。
非法武器与犯罪
AK-47的简易生产和广泛流通使得它成为非法武器市场上的常见选择，与有组织犯罪、武装冲突等负面事件联系在一起，对现代社会安全构成威胁。
革命与反叛
由于AK-47在多个冲突和革命中被广泛使用，它也成为了革命和反叛的象征，与自由斗争和民族解放运动联系在一起。

AK-47英文介绍

The use of AK-47
• The first pic shows us that even the teroorisist like the AK-47 cause it’s convenient usage • And in the world war 2.the army chose AK-47 to kill their animy.and AK become famous all around the world
LHale Waihona Puke beration war of libiya
• The Libiyian people use AK47 to fight for their freedom and finally they won this war .Gaddafi die in 22 november 2011.Congratula tion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Country of Origin: Soviet Russia
Sight: columnar sight, U-shaped notch according to the door, adjustable iron sight, optional optical telescopes. Number of Production: 70,000,000 -1.05 one hundred million
Propellant: single tubular pores single base propellant Loading dose: 1.6g Average chamber pressure: 274.4MPa All shells Quality: 16.4g
The advantage of AK-47

卡拉什尼科夫和他的AK系列课件

卡拉什尼科夫对AK系列的期望和愿景
继续改进和完善
卡拉什尼科夫希望不断改进和完善AK系列步枪，提高其性能和可靠性，以满足不同用户的需求。
扩大生产规模
卡拉什尼科夫希望扩大AK系列步枪的生产规模，降低生产成本，使更多的人能够使用到这种优秀的步枪。
推广和平与友谊
卡拉什尼科夫希望AK系列步枪成为和平与友谊的象征，而不是战争和暴力的工具，他呼吁使用AK系列步枪的国家遵守国际法和人道主义原则。
文化象征
AK系列不仅是一种战争工具，也成为流行文化中的符号和象征，出现在电影、音乐和艺术作品中，代表了不同的意义和价值观。
04
卡拉什尼科夫与AK系列的关系
卡拉什尼科夫对AK系列的贡献
01
发明家和设计师
卡拉什尼科夫发明了AK系列步枪，并担任其设计师，使该系列步枪成
为世界上使用最广泛的自动步枪之一。
其中，AK-74是AK系列的代表作之一，采用5.45毫米子弹，提高了射击精度和射程，并减轻了枪支重量。
除了步枪之外，卡拉什尼科夫还将AK系列延伸至其他武器领域，如轻机枪、冲锋枪等。
世界范围内的AK系列
由于AK系列具有较高的可靠性和低廉的制造成本，因此被许多国家采用，成为世界上使用最广泛的步枪之一。
卡拉什尼科夫认为，AK系列武器作为经典的军事装备，需要在传承的基础上不断创新，以适应现代战争的需要。
普及与提高
卡拉什尼科夫希望AK系列武器能够更加普及，同时不断提高其性能和可靠性，为全球的安全和稳定做出更大的贡献。
THANK YOU
感谢各位观看
卡拉什尼科夫和他的AK系列
• 卡拉什尼科夫简介 • AK系列的发展历程 • AK系列的特点与影响 • 卡拉什尼科夫与AK系列的关系 • AK系列的未来展望

ak47说明书英语作文

ak47说明书英语作文Firearms have been a subject of intense debate and controversy for decades, with proponents arguing for their utility in self-defense and sporting activities, while opponents highlight the potential for misuse and the devastating consequences of their abuse. One of the most iconic and widely recognized firearms in the world is the AK-47, also known as the Kalashnikov, a Soviet-designed assault rifle that has become synonymous with both military and civilian applications.The AK-47, or Avtomat Kalashnikova, was first developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov in the late 1940s. Designed to be a reliable, durable, and easy-to-use weapon, the AK-47 quickly gained popularity among military forces and rebel groups around the world. Its simple design, rugged construction, and ability to function in harsh environments made it a favored choice for those seeking a dependable and effective firearm.One of the key features of the AK-47 is its ability to withstand harsh conditions and continue to function reliably. The weapon is designed to operate in a wide range of temperatures, from as low as -50 degrees Celsius to as high as 50 degrees Celsius, and it can continue to fire even when covered in mud, sand, or other debris. Thisdurability and reliability have made the AK-47 a popular choice among both military and civilian users, particularly in regions with challenging environmental conditions.Another notable characteristic of the AK-47 is its ease of use. The weapon is designed to be simple and intuitive, with a straightforward operation that can be mastered by even the most inexperienced user. The selector switch, which allows the user to choose between semi-automatic and fully automatic fire, is easily accessible and can be operated with a single hand. The magazine, which holds 30 rounds of ammunition, can be quickly and easily inserted and removed, allowing for rapid reloading.Despite its widespread popularity and utility, the AK-47 has also been the subject of significant controversy and criticism. The weapon has been used in numerous conflicts and wars around the world, often by rebel groups and insurgents, and has been linked to numerous human rights abuses and atrocities. The ease with which the AK-47 can be obtained and used has also contributed to its proliferation in regions plagued by violence and political instability.In response to these concerns, various international organizations and governments have attempted to regulate the production, distribution, and use of the AK-47 and other similar firearms. Efforts have been made to limit the availability of these weapons,particularly in regions where they are most likely to be misused, and to promote alternative solutions for self-defense and sporting activities.However, the AK-47 remains a highly sought-after and widely available firearm, particularly in developing countries and regions with weak or unstable governments. The weapon's reputation for reliability and effectiveness, combined with its relatively low cost and ease of use, have made it a popular choice among both legitimate users and those engaged in illicit activities.Despite the ongoing debate and controversy surrounding the AK-47, it remains an iconic and influential weapon that has had a significant impact on the history of warfare and the global arms trade. Its design and performance have been the subject of extensive study and analysis, and it continues to be a topic of fascination and discussion among military historians, firearms enthusiasts, and those concerned with issues of global security and human rights.In conclusion, the AK-47 is a complex and multifaceted weapon that has played a significant role in shaping the landscape of modern warfare and global politics. While its utility and effectiveness cannot be denied, the weapon's association with violence and human rights abuses has also made it a subject of intense scrutiny and debate. As the world continues to grapple with the challenges posed by theproliferation of firearms, the AK-47 remains a symbol of both the power and the peril of modern weaponry.。

制造鱼钩的方法以及鱼钩[发明专利]

专利名称：制造鱼钩的方法以及鱼钩专利类型：发明专利
发明人：藤井繁克
申请号：CN200410056313.5
申请日：20040806
公开号：CN1729768A
公开日：
20060208
专利内容由知识产权出版社提供
摘要：本发明的目的是提供一种容易制造的鱼钩，该鱼钩的倒钩的角度和形状可以根据使用目的而自由改变。

本发明制造鱼钩的方法的特征在于：进行机械加工处理，用于在构成鱼钩的金属丝的顶端处形成削尖部分；进行压制处理，用于使与削尖的顶端部分连续的部分形成板形；还同时或相继以自由顺序来进行用于在板形部分的一个横向侧处形成台阶部分的机械加工处理和用于切除在另一横向侧产生的膨胀部分的机械加工处理，从而形成鱼钩的尖端部分。

申请人：株式会社蒲克
地址：日本兵库县
国籍：JP
代理机构：中国国际贸易促进委员会专利商标事务所
代理人：范莉
更多信息请下载全文后查看。

哈氏合金钢丝标号

哈氏合金钢丝标号1. 简介哈氏合金钢丝标号是一种用于标识和分类合金钢丝的体系。

它采用了哈氏硬度测试方法，通过对材料的硬度进行测量，来确定其在不同温度和应力下的性能。

哈氏合金钢丝标号在工业领域中被广泛使用，特别是在材料选择、质量控制和工艺设计方面。

2. 哈氏硬度测试方法哈氏硬度测试是一种常见的金属硬度测试方法之一。

它利用了一个小锥形或球形压头对材料表面施加压力，并通过测量压头在材料表面产生的印痕大小来推断材料的硬度。

哈氏硬度值表示了材料抵抗划痕和变形的能力，通常用HRC（Rockwell C）表示。

3. 哈氏合金钢丝标号体系哈氏合金钢丝标号体系根据不同材料的硬度值将其分为不同等级。

这些等级代表了材料在一定温度和应力下的性能特征，有助于工程师们选择适合特定应用的材料。

3.1 丝径等级哈氏合金钢丝标号体系中的第一个等级是丝径等级。

它根据合金钢丝的直径将其分为不同等级，常见的有0.5mm、1.0mm、1.5mm等。

丝径等级对于确定材料的强度和耐久性非常重要。

3.2 哈氏硬度等级哈氏合金钢丝标号体系中的第二个等级是哈氏硬度等级。

它根据合金钢丝在哈氏硬度测试中得到的硬度值将其分为不同等级，常见的有HRC20、HRC30、HRC40等。

哈氏硬度等级反映了材料的硬度和强度特性。

3.3 强韧性评定除了丝径和哈氏硬度，哈氏合金钢丝标号体系还考虑了材料的强韧性。

强韧性是指材料在承受外力时能够延展变形而不发生断裂的能力。

在哈氏合金钢丝标号体系中，通过添加字母R来表示材料具有良好的强韧性。

4. 应用领域哈氏合金钢丝标号在多个工业领域中得到了广泛的应用。

4.1 汽车工业在汽车工业中，哈氏合金钢丝被广泛应用于发动机零部件、悬挂系统和传动系统等关键部位。

通过选择合适的哈氏合金钢丝标号，可以确保这些零部件具有足够的强度和耐久性，以承受高温、高压和高速等复杂工况。

4.2 机械制造在机械制造领域中，哈氏合金钢丝常用于制造齿轮、轴承和弹簧等重要部件。

4-辛醚物理常数

4-辛醚物理常数4-辛醚（4-heptanone）是一种有机化合物，其分子式为C7H14O。

它是一种无色液体，在常温下具有刺激性气味。

4-辛醚是一种常见的辛基酮，它具有一些重要的物理常数。

4-辛醚的密度是0.814 g/cm³。

这意味着它的密度比水小，因此它可以在水上浮起。

这种性质使得4-辛醚在实验室中常被用作浮选试剂或分液漏斗中的溶剂。

4-辛醚的沸点是177-178°C。

这意味着在这个温度下，4-辛醚会从液体状态转变为气体状态。

这个沸点使得4-辛醚可以用作有机溶剂，可以在一定温度下溶解许多有机化合物。

4-辛醚的熔点是-70°C。

这意味着在低于-70°C的温度下，4-辛醚会从固体状态转变为液体状态。

这个熔点使得4-辛醚在低温实验中非常有用，可以在低温下稳定地存在。

4-辛醚的折射率为 1.406。

折射率是光线通过物质时的折射程度的度量。

4-辛醚的折射率较低，说明它对光的折射程度较小。

这个性质使得4-辛醚在光学实验中常被用作标准溶液。

4-辛醚的闪点是52°C。

闪点是指液体在接触到火源时可发生闪燃的最低温度。

4-辛醚的闪点较低，说明它在火源附近易燃。

因此，在使用4-辛醚时需要注意安全措施，避免火灾事故的发生。

4-辛醚的蒸气压是0.7 kPa（25°C）。

蒸气压是指液体在一定温度下蒸发产生的气体对单位面积的压力。

4-辛醚的蒸气压较低，说明它不易挥发。

这个性质使得4-辛醚在实验室中可以长时间稳定存在。

4-辛醚具有密度小、沸点高、熔点低、折射率低、闪点低和蒸气压低等物理常数。

这些物理常数使得4-辛醚在化学实验和工业生产中具有广泛的应用价值。

然而，在使用4-辛醚时需要注意其有害性和易燃性，采取相应的安全措施，确保实验和生产过程的安全。