2019北京高三二模七选五汇编(5)

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历年高考英语七选五真题汇编北京卷

Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 35 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.36 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 37 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 38 For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 39 This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.G. This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.2021年Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people. 35 The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.36 However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain.Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 37 While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety.When it comes to heart health, there is speculation (推测) that it’s not the style of music, but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. 38 On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants’stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit.39 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable.A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems.B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.G. Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were.Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one’s head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself. 46 Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do.47 People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans (寿命), lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one’s ability to deal with problems and hardships. 48 For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer (缓冲作用) against depression and anxiety. Resilient (适应性强的) people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress. 49In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard t imes and improving the quality of one’s life. It doesn’t have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. 50 Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one’s physical and mental health.A. It doesn’t cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.E. As thinking changes, an individual’s behaviour and habits change as well.F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.2019年Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 46 Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?47 They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the te am’s perform ance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in bas eball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the te am’s perform ance.To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. 48 In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TE AM.”49Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war (拔河比赛) , whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.50 . An A-team may require a balance —not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.2018年Why Do We Get Angry?Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering (触发) events, personality traits (特征) , and our assessment of situations. 51Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 52 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 53 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.54 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.55 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.2017年Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 73Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night’s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.2016年The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 71 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 73No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.75 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.2015年This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 71 They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. 72 Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 73 And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task --preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. 74Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 75Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.2014年Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 73 Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to”or is “associated with”an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 74 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A. Make choice that are right for you.B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.D. And examine the findings of the original research.E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.2013年UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. 71 In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history --a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 72 .The process of urbanization --the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city-- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1900, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 74 Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 75 Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small.B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.2012年EmpathyLast year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. __71__ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. __72__ There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. __73__ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. __74__ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intell igence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商)? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __75__To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.A. Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.B. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.C. “One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says.D. Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel.F. Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.G. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships.2011年Public Speaking and Critical ThinkingWhat is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it’s a matter of logic(逻辑) —of being able to spot weaknesses in other people’s arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thanking.72 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on theother hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 73What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.答案2022年：GBDFC2021年：FBDGE2020年：BDCGA2019年：BEGDF2018年：FGEAD2017年：CEFGB2016年：FCAEG2015年：BCAEG2014年：GDFBA2013年：EDBAF2012年：BDGFC2011年：DEAFG。

2019年高考英语阅读七选五真题汇编(含解析)

2019年高考英语阅读七选五真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+详细解析答案，值得下载打印练习)(一)Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience.Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood.The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.__31__Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.__32__ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously.When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag.__33__ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.__34__ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers.If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping.Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.__35__ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.A．In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B．A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.D．Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.E．Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.F．People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G．Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

2019北京主城区高三二模七选五分析及情景作文

七选五阅读理解也称还原型阅读（也有阅读填空等称呼），即给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。

七选五的解题策略：一、从意思上判断在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。

在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。

二、从词汇上锁定线索做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。

其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。

尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。

三、从关联词上查找由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。

常见的关联词有下面这些：a. 并列与递进关系：and, or, also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, the same …as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to, what is more等b. 因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of coursec. 转折让步关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of, it is true that, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite ofd. 时间关系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with, in the mean time, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一些具体的时间。

2019北京城六区高三英语期末考试七选五汇总(学生版)

2019海淀期末People worldwide are living longer. Today, most people can expect to live into their sixties and beyond. By 2050, the world’s population aged 60 and older is expected to total 2 billion, up from 900 million in 2015.While this shift in proportion (比例) of a country’s population towards older ages---known as ageing---started in high-income countries, for example in Japan, 30% of the population are already over 60 years old, it is now low- and middle-income countries that are experiencing the greatest change. 66__At the biological level, ageing results from molecular (分子的) and cellular damage over time.This leads to agrowing risk of disease and eventually death. 67 Tha t’s why we say there is no “typical” older person. While some 70 year-olds enjoy extremely good health, other 70 year-olds are weak and require a lot of help from others.68 Retirement, relocation and the death of friends and partners are some of the possible reasons. For example, moving older people to a better house, which seems an admirable behavior, may do harm to their health eventually.69 Some people believe older people can be active and productive. A longer life brings opportunities, both for older people themselves and for society. They can pursue new activities such as further education or a new career. They also contribute in many ways to communities. 70 This can lead to discrimination against older people. Therefore, society as a whole needs to address the ageist attitude by developing sound policies and offering various opportunities so that older people can experience fulfilling ageing.A. Nobody can ever escape from the ageing process.B. But these changes are only loosely linked to a person’s age.C. Yet the extent of their contribution depends heavily on their health.D.Beyond biological changes, ageing is also related to other life changes.E.Although aging is a universal trend, views towards older people divide.F. However, to others, older people are weak, dependent, and a burden to society.G. By 2050, many countries like Chile and China will have a similar rate of older people to Japan.2019西城期末What makes a good apology? What is the right way to say we’re sorry that doesn’t merely relieve our guilt or get us out of hot water, but best serves the person we hurt? There is more to saying sorry than just saying “sorry”. ______ (46) They include expressing regret, explaining what went wrong, acknowledging responsibility, offering to repair the situation, and requesting forgiveness.That may seem like a lot to remember, but acknowledgement of responsibility turned out to be the most important piece. Of course, not all the ruined situations are created equal. ____ (47) Here are a few key tips.Have perfect timing. Did you totally ruin the situation? A little cool-off time could help.______ (48) But if the other party is angry at your wrong doing, it may be more effective to wait because their anger may prevent them from being receptive to an apology. Waiting can help you too. The best time to apologize is when one feels ready to sincerely apologize.______ (49) Experts agree that face-to-face apologies beat phoned-in, e-mailed, or handwritten ones. Facial expressions, gestures, and the tone of voice have all been shown to be important channels that convey sincerity. Anyone can type “I feel really ashamed,” but if you say it live, it’s obvious whether or not you mean it.Explain; don’t excuse. Because admitting to being wrong is painful an d can make people worried that they’re a bad person, they often water down their apology with excuses. Examples include “I certainly apologize if I offended anyone” and “I’m sorry, but you started it”. That sort of apology has a name: a non-apology. It uses the form of an apology but follows it up by shifting responsibility to the offended person, implying he or she is too sensitive. ______ (50) Even if you did something comparably less important, like being late all the time, it’s always key to remember that while you’re the one apologizing, it’s not about you; it’s about the person you hurt and what they need now.A.Let your body do the talking.B. There are several types of apologies.C. Get ready to change your facial expressions.D. Sometimes an immediate apology is called for.E. Don't imply that the other person is wrong to feel upset or angry.F. In fact, a study found that effective apologies have five components.G. So you might need to fine-tune your apology depending on the circumstances.2019朝阳期末：Sports Fans and IdentityMany people are crazy about a particular sports team. They are big fans and seem to connect their own identity to their chosen team.Identity consists of things like gender, personality, abilities, and social groups. Thegroups we belong to shape our identity. Related to this is the theory developed by Henri Tajfel and John Turner. 46 In knowing who we are, we may more closely identify with our social group than with our gender group. We also decide which group we belong to, based on different aspects of our identity. According to the theory, our self-esteem-how we feel about ourselves-is reflected in the group we belong to. 47 For example, we naturally protect the group we belong to, while making other groups less important. We think highly of the team we support, while we may add negative comments about an opposing team.Researchers have studied language used by sports fans. 48 By using pronouns like "we", fans show that they feel connected with the team when it is winning. "We really killed that team. They couldn't get the ball past us." However, when their team didn't do well, the fans would distance themselves from the team, using different pronouns. "They didn't know what they were doing. They had no planning."49 They have found those fans have more self-confidence and feel more competent.They are quite sure they have the ability to deal with situations successfully or do things to a satisfactory standard. 50 These people will perform better at work and earn and spend more money, so experts suggest that a winning team may have a positive influence on the economy of a city.A. They suggested that we naturally classify people into groups.B. That causes increased competitions between different groups of sports fans.C. It is probably because the victory reflects well on their personal sense of identity.D. Comments from group members certainly have a strong influence on our behavior.E. When their team did well, the fans would closely identify themselves with the team.F. That leads to the fact that we want our group to be seen more positively than other groups.G. Social scientists have also studied the effect of winning a championship on the fans of the winning team.2019东城期末The concept of “the body” is closely related to the ideas of “illness” and “health”. ______ (46) The main reasons for the differences are genetic, and the fact that people’s bodies change as they age. However, a huge range of research indicates that there are social factors too.Poorer people are more likely to eat “unhealthy” foods, to smoke cigarettes and to be employed in repetitive, physically difficult work. ______ (47) That is to say, the physical shapes of bodies are strongly influenced by social factors.These social factors are also closely linked to emotional well-being. People with low or no incomes are more likely to have mental health problems. ______ (48) For example, certain people with mental health issues may be at risk of becoming homeless, just as a person who is homeless may have an increased risk of illnesses such as depression.______ (49) Bodies are young or old, short or tall, big or small, weak or strong. Whether these judgements matter and whether they are positive or negative depends on the cultural and historical contexts. The culture, and media, of different societies promote very different valuations of body shapes. ______ (50) Currently, in rich societies the idea of slimness is highly valued, but historically this was different. It is easy for people to feel undervalued because of factors they have no power to change, for example, their age and height. Equally, they can feel pressured into making changes to their appearance when there is a choice, which in some cases can lead to an unhealthy interest in weight loss. Therefore, sociologists are suggesting that we should not just view bodies and minds in biological terms, but also in social terms.A.There are other types of social factors too.B. All of these factors affect the c ondition of a person’s health.C. Their housing conditions and neighbourhoods need to be improved.D. What is considered as attractive or ugly, normal or abnormal varies greatly.E. All of us exist in “bodies” of different shapes, heights, colours and phys ical abilities.F. S ocial factors in general play an important role in the development of people’s body conditions.G. I t is not clear, however, whether the situation of being poor causes mental illness, or whether it is the other way around.2019石景山期末：How to Treat Hoarding Disorder(囤积症)Many of us struggle to part with treasured belongings, but for years Stephanie Evans felt too hard to leave everything she‟d ever bought. 46 Her bedroom, meanwhile, was so full of piles of clothes that, until recently, she had to sleep on the sofa in the living room.Stephanie suffers from hoarding disorder, thought to affect an estimated 3.4 million people in the UK to some degree. But, like many, she didn‟t think it was something doctors would treat.47 In fact, hoarding is recognized as a psychiatric disorder(精神疾病) by the World Health Organization. It can be associated with other mental health conditions such as depression and social anxiety, etc. Those affected people will collect anything, such as clothes, newspapers, photos, even printouts of emails.48 If a person lost something important in the childhood, he or she would resist any further losses. That‟s why hoarders refuse to part with things. Hoarding can have far-reaching effects on a person‟s life. People can lose their children and their homes due to hoarding.Hoarding disorder, like many other illnesses, can never really be “cured”.49 Clearing out someone‟s overcrowded house is rarely effective on its own, because he or she will just fill it up again. If and when hoarding disorder is diagnosed, the mental health professional, the patient‟s primary care physician, and any specialists or other professionals involved will work together to develop a coordinated treatment. For most people with hoarding disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy(认知行为治疗) with a mental health professional is the first choice treatment. It can often help the hoarders accept that there is a problem, and then possibly develop solutions.Because hoarding disorder is still relatively new as a distinct condition, treatment plans may be somewhat less standardized. For instance, there is still disagreement regarding if and how to use medicine to treat hoarding disorder. ____50A.So she didn’t seek any help.B.Hoarders may also have problems planning and organizing.C.However, it can be successfully treated with the right mix of treatment methods.D.The common time for it to come is when people are middle-aged or older and living alone.E.Hopefully, some people with the condition do seem to respond well to certain kind ofmedicine.F.As a result, her hallway and living room were packed with towering stacks of books andmagazines.G.One theory is that having experienced loss in the past can make people suffer from hoardingdisorder.2019昌平期末What is mental health?Mental health is an expression we use every day, so it might surprise you that the term‘mental health’ is frequently misunderstood. 46According to the WHO, however, mental health is “a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can deal with the normal stresses of life, can work fruitfully, and i s able to make a contribution to her or his community.”47To make things a bit clearer, some experts have tried coming up with different terms to explain the difference between ‘mental health’ and ‘mental health conditions’, such as ‘good mental he alth’, ‘mental well-being’, and even ‘happiness’. 48As a result, some of them have tried to explain the difference by talking about a continuous whole where mental health is at one end of the range while mental health conditions are at the other.Research shows that high levels of mental health are associated with increased learning, creativity and productivity. 49 In contrast, mental health conditions can cause distress and bad effect on relationships. They are also related to poor physical health and death from suicide.50 The fact that someone is not experiencing a mental health condition doesn’t necessarily mean his mental health is good. Likewise, it’s possible to be diagnosed with a mental health condition while feeling well in many aspects of life.Briefly, mental health is about being emotionally and socially healthy – the way we think, feel and develop relationships - and not merely the absence of a mental health condition.A. So instead of being about ‘what’s the problem?’, it’s really about ‘what’s going well?'.B. It is often mistakenly used as a substitute (替代) for mental health conditions.C. This, however, will help prevent mental health conditions.D. But others argue that using more words to describe the same thing just adds to the confusion.E. They can also improve social relationships and physical health.F. Many people are affected by depressions, anxiety and suicide.G. But it’s importa nt to remember that mental health is complex.Key:海淀：66. G 67. B 68. D 69. E 70. F西城：46. F47. G48. D49. A50. E朝阳：46-50 AFEGC东城：46. E 47. B 48. G 49. A 50. D石景山：46－50: FAGCE昌平：45-50: BADEG。

[2019][北京市高三二模英语分类汇编--七选五]

2019年北京高考二模分类汇编--七选五1. 2019东城二模A cultural view on personal spaceIt’s a well-known fact that the British prefer a large “bubble” of personal space around them. 46 And in South America, a friend may grab you by the arm during conversation to make their point.Now, a study published in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology has looked into why different cultures have such different approaches to personal space.47 They developed an e arlier study that divided individuals into “contact” and “non-contact” cultures. Contact cultures—southern European, Latin American and Arabian—engaged in more touching and stood closer during conversation than non-contact cultures in northern Europe, North America and parts of Asia.To a degree, this proved correct. Argentina becomes known as the most touchy-feely nation; people here keep the same distance from a stranger as a British person would an acquaintance and a Canadian individual a close friend or partner.48 They come out with the widest distance you should stand from a stranger—more than 1.3m—but one of the narrowest gaps for close friends, just 40cm, compared to nearly 60cm for a British person. So the theory of warm versus cold is not as straightforward as it sounds.49 The higher a country’s average temperature, the closer people will stand to a stranger. But older people in warm climates keep a bigger distance from close friends and stand closer to strangers; women generally keep a greater distance from someone they don’t know.The academics leading this study admit that there is a lot more to do. But what we do know is to keep your distance in Canada; prepare for a hug in Argentina. 50 They like to stand closer than anybody. To keep warm, perhaps.A. It’s important to get the distance right, though.B. Romanians clearly take longer to establish trust.C. How close we stand to other people varies widely between countries.D. And if you end up on good terms with a Norwegian, don’t draw b ack.E. However, in India people will pack into trains and buses without a second thought.F. One theory the researchers wanted to test was whether climate affects personal space.G. The study certainly found that climate, age and gender have an effect on personal distance across cultures.Healthy See, Healthy DoVisit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. The location of store displays (摆放) also influences our shopping choices. 46The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks. 47 A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods.48 It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “We know that the stores are full of cues (暗示) meant to encourage consumption,” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, “Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products.”Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city’s crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. 49 Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks.Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines.5 The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customers’ eyes to nutritious, lower-calorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City.A. These foods give people more energy.B. They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.C. And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.D. The supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lower-calorie foods.E. These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health.F. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.G. And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options canchange customer behavior.Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? You’ve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. 46Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. 47 You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has “gone blank” on information you know you have revised.48 Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don’t review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don’t try and then you fail, you won’t feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? 49 Yes, this seems obvious, but it’s worth repeating. If you feel confident that you’ve prepared thoroughly, you’ll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety. 50 You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating(分配) your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you’ll spend on each section. If there’s time to recheck, even better.A. The first thing you should do is to be prepared.B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you’re not alone!D. Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.E. Realizing time is almost up and that there’s still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.F. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.G. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.Films and computer gamesIn just a few decades the gaming industry has become much bigger than the film business. What is called “interactive entertainment” makes more money than Hollywood cinema. Is there any way of making films more appealing to people who like to play computer games?Making a film out of a best-selling computer game can guarantee a large audience. ___46___ Nowadays films are made with similar ones. They have attractive action scenes relying on fantasy effects as well. Gaming markets consist of science-fiction games, and film-makers have also set films in science-fiction worlds. ___47___ Any attempt to borrow more than the setting from a game is certain to fail.Why do gamers feel disappointed by films based on their favorite games? One of the reasons is technical. Now everything can be computer-produced. ___48___ However, filming a scene from 20 different cameras would cost a fortune, so it simply isn’t done in the film version—leaving the gamers feeling that the film didn’t look as real as the computer game.___49___ In a film the director doesn’t show you some things to keep you have the feeling of excitement or anxiety. For example, you wouldn’t be interested in watching the film if you knew the identity of the murderer. But this is not true for computer games. When you play a game, you have to do certain tasks to continue to the new level. ___50___ You are always in control as a player, while in the cinema you never control the action. You just sit and watch.There can be some interaction between films and computer games on different levels. For all the similarities between technologies and special effects, we shouldn’t forget that a story and a game are fundamentally different.A. Cameras matter in another sense, too.B. The success of a game usually lies in the use of special effects.C. You can’t influence what happens at all in the computer games.D. Computer games may show the action from a number of views easily.E. The game has a good chance of being as successful as the film on which it is based.F. You must be able to have access to all the information in order to decide what to do next.G. However, the difficulty for film producers appears to be knowing where and when to stop.Develop Note-Taking SkillsSpeech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker’s main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper. 46Unfortunately, many people don’t take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speaker’s rate of speech. 47 But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration.48 They arrive armed with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they can’t write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit(趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits—and little or no record of the speaker’s important ideas.As these examples illustrate, they don’t know what to listen for, and they don’t know how to record what they do listen for. 49 But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking.Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in roug h outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among the speaker’s ideas. 50 But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.A. Perfecting this taking requires practice.B. Some people go to the opposite extreme.C. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D. Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F. When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker’s ideas.G. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker’s main points and evidence.Overthinking the Small Stuff?How many decisions have you made over the last day, week... month? Drive or Uber? Suit or no suit? Italian or Thai? iPhone or Huawei?While today’s freedom of choice has obvious benefits, the constant pressure to make perfect choices can often rob our freedom, heighten our anxiety and lower our productivity.46 For starters, trying to perfect every single decision is a 'mission impossible,' making it pretty in vain. 47 And finally, research shows that trying to nail every decision reduces our ability to perform at our best and make great decisions about the things that really matter.The irony is that people who try to make the perfect decision every time tend to suffer more anxiety about their decisions, feel less satisfied with them afterward and, unsurprisingly, are less p roductive than people who just go with ‘good enough’.“The habit of aiming for the best possible option every time actually robs people of satisfaction and effectiveness,” wrote Barry Schwartz on the Paradox of Choice.48 However, they're generally less happy about what they eventually decide upon.Better than trying to maximize every choice is to make a ‘good enough’ choice that meets a basic level of satisfaction. So you didn’t get the best possible hotel at the best possible price? Move on. So the shade of yellow you chose to paint the sunroom was a little dark? Again, move on! 4950 The reason is that they aren’t wasting precious time and energy on decisions that don’t really matter. So as you think about all the decisions you have to make in the day or month ahead, focus your precious time, talents and attention on the things that truly matter.A. There are a few reasons for this.B. But some researchers do not agree with it.C. Secondly, it can be mentally and emotionally exhausting.D. Much more important issues are waiting for your attention.E. Besides that, every decision you make may disappoint you.F. Such ‘maximizers,' as Schwartz calls them, spend more time and energy reaching a decision.G. Schwartz found that 'satisficers' who live by the ‘good enough’ rule ac tually get more done.Man invented a number of means to cover distance — cars, planes, radio, TV, computers, spaceships, etc. 46 Reading is real fun, isn’t it? It is a fantastic journey into the past or the future, a true love story or a serious novel to challenge your thoughts, a detective or something funny if you like humour.You could see a lot of people, old and young, reading in many different places —in a park or on a bus, in a plane or on a beach. It might be a magazine or a newspaper, a volume of poems or a lengthy novel. 47 They tell you a lot about life, people, and the fast changing world. They develop imagination, love for word and expression and awaken a wish in you to create something. It is hard to imagine life without books.48 We sometimes look through the book to see what it is about. We may just want to get the general idea from a newspaper article, a report, or a book in a bookshop. This type of reading is called skimming reading.Quick reading is also practiced when we want to get a particular piece of information, such as a date or a telephone number. This is called scanning. We scan timetables, telephone directories, dictionaries and web pages.But if we want to get the detailed information, we read slowly and carefully. This is called intensive reading, or study reading. 49 We consult dictionaries if necessary. We take notes to remember something important, such as a mathematical quotation (引证).Reading fiction, a novel or a favourite poem, is also intensive reading. It needs training and special skills to understand the entire content, the beauty of the expression. 50 It makes you laugh your head off or cry your heart out.A. You get involved in the story.B. Reading can be a social activity.C. We read in many different ways and at different speeds.D. Books help you understand the world and yourself better.E. Scanning is used when we need to locate special information.F. But up till now, there has been only one way to cover time — books.G. In the latter case we check the meaning not to misunderstand something.2019年北京高考二模分类汇编--七选五参考答案1. 2019东城二模46．E 47．F 48．B 49．G 50．D2. 2019西城二模46．C 47．G 48．E 49．F 50．B3. 2019海淀二模46. C 47. F 48. B 49. A 50. G4. 2019朝阳二模46—50 BGDAF5. 2019丰台二模46. F 47. C 48. B 49. G 50. A6. 2019昌平二模45-50: ACFDG7. 2019顺义二模46. F 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A。

2019北京高三二模七选五汇编(word版有答案)

2019北京高三二模七选五汇编2019 二模海淀第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? You’ve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. 46Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. 47 You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has “gone blank” on information you know you have revised.48 Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don’t review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don’t try and then you fail, you won’t feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? 49 Yes, this seems obvious, but it’s worth repeating. If you feel confident that you’ve prepared thoroughly, you’ll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety. 50 You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating(分配) your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you’ll spend on each section. If there’s time to recheck, even better.A. The first thing you should do is to be prepared.B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you’re not alone!D. Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.E. Realizing time is almost up and that there’s still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.F. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.G. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019北京城六区高三英语期末考试七选五汇总(学生版)

(完整版)2019年高考英语七选五汇编

2019年高考英语七选五汇编（一)2019年全国1卷根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.Is Fresh Air Really Good for You？We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air。

” 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.37 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life—giving,energizing oxygen。

If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain。

Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing （治愈）。

38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green,growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪）.Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D。

北京市海淀区2019届高三下学期高考二模考试英语试卷附答案解析

北京海淀区2019届高三二模英语模拟试题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）ASpring is coming. Everything is waking from its winter sleep. The fields ___1___(dress) in a fresh robe of green. The wild flowers begin to peep forth(隐隐露出). Birds sing among the trees, and begin to get their nests ready ___2___ summer. Men are now sowing seeds in the fields. The days are ___3___(warm), for brighter sunshine has come again. Everything is full of life and joy.【答案】1. are dressed2. for3. warmer【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

文章记叙了春天来到，万物复苏的景象。

【1题详解】考查时态，语态。

田野上穿着一件新鲜的绿色长袍。

dress意为“给……穿衣服”。

表示“穿着……”，应用be dressed 结构。

根据前两句可知，该空应用一般现在时态。

且主语是复数名词fields，故填are dressed。

【2题详解】考查介词。

ready常和介词for搭配，表示“为……做好准备”，故填介词for。

【3题详解】考查形容词比较级。

根据后面的brighter sunshine可知，该句表达：因为更明亮的阳光又来了，所以天更暖和了。

且该空作表语，故填形容词的比较级warmer。

BAstronauts are people who go out into space. Being an astronaut is an exciting job. While in space, astronauts can look down and see ___4___（cloud）, land, and water. They can even see the moon up close. Astronauts get the chance ___5___(see) more stars than you or I have ever seen. Being an astronaut may be exciting, ___6___ it is not an easy job.A person who ___7___(want) to be an astronaut has to study for years. There are many things an astronaut must learn to do before going into space.【答案】4. clouds5. to see6. but7. wants【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

2019年北京高三英语一模阅读七选五汇编 PDF版有答案

The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your
fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once
of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.
Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and
practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. 50
the game?” rather than “Did you win?”
Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a
group, building up accountability and leadership.
1
2019 北京高三一模七选五汇编
2019 一模西城根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。 Today’s students are surrounded by information. The ability to figure out exactly why

2019北京高三二模七选五汇编(5)

2019北京高三二模七选五汇编2019二模海淀第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? You 've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes bla nk, your heart races fast, you get sweaty p alms and find it hard to breathe. 46Every one feels stressed duri ng exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate prep arati on timeand bad exp erie nces tak ing tests in the p ast. This is no rmal and ofte n helps you work harder, thi nk faster and gen erallyimp rove your p erforma nee. 47 You may also feel that other people are man agi ng the exam better tha n you. Thiscause you to feel that your mind hascan “ gone bla nk ” on in formati on you know you have revised.48 Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don ' t review because they think theyiywaycaheldly a even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don ‘ t tr^land thenas bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? 49 Yes, thisseems obvious, but it ' s worth rep eat in g. If you feel con fide nt that you ' ve prep ared thoroughly, you walk ing into the test. The sec ond tip is simple: just start. The bla nk p age can maximize your an xiety. 50 You can alwaysgo back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating（分酉己）yourtime is equally important. Look through the whole test before gett ing started. Men tally allo cate how much time you ' ll spend on each section. If there ' s time to recheck, even better.A. The first thi ng you should do is to be prepared.B. People often deal with exam stress in many un hel pfulways.C. If these classic sig ns of exam an xiety sound familiar, you' re n otalone!D. Therefore, people n eed an approp riate amount of p ressure to help deal withexams.E. Realiz ing time is almost up and that's still a lot of bla nk space will make you des perate.thereF. However, if you are overly an xious about the result, you may be un able to focus on yourwork.G. After you get the pap er, dive right in by gett ing some questi ons done to build up your con fidenee.20佃二模西城第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

北京市西城区2019届高三高考二模英语试题+Word版含解析

西城区高三模拟测试英语试题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）AWhen I was in high school our physics teacher gave us a challenge ___1___ involved making a paper airplane of any shape. The only objective was to get it to fly as far as possible. ___2___ (stand) at the starting line, one of my classmates took a piece of flat paper, crumpled (把……捏成一团) it up, and ___3___ (throw) it down the way. He beat the class with ease. Some of the students got mad and said that he cheated, but the physics teacher ___4___ (clear) explained it could be any shape and that a paper ball was indeed a shape. 【答案】1. that/which 2. Standing 3. threw 4. clearly 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。

本文简述作者在上物理课时，老师要求学生叠一个能飞的很远的纸飞机，形状不限，有一个同学就将纸捏成一团扔了出去，同学们都很愤怒，但老师认为纸团也是一种形状。

【1题详解】考查定语从句。

句意：在我上高中的时候，我们的物理老师给了我们一个挑战，让我们用一张纸做出一个纸飞机，形状不限。

a challenge 是先行词，指物，同时定语从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词。

七选五 2019北京各城区高考一模英语专题汇编

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Benefits of SportsDoing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It's a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you're involved. 46 Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions.47 Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child's confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth. 48 So after a game, it's a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?”Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up accountability and leadership. 49 Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. 50 There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!A.It's not just your body that benefits from sports.B.Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.C.But remember, a child's self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss.D.If you play group sports, you'll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.E.Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.F.Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage.G.Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019北京卷英语七选五解析

2019北京卷英语七选五解析1、This girl is my best friend, Wang Hui. ______ English name is Jane.（）[单选题] *A. HeB. HisC. SheD. Her(正确答案)2、17．—When ________ they leave here?—Tomorrow morning. [单选题] *A．doB．will(正确答案)C．doesD．are3、Which do you enjoy to spend your weekend, fishing or shopping? [单选题] *China'shigh-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past fewyears.A. are growing(正确答案)B. have grownC. will growD. had grown4、The secretary was asked to_____of the waste paper on the desk. [单选题] *A.disappearB.dispose(正确答案)C.declareD.got rid5、Nobody noticed the thief slip into the shop, because the lights happened to _______. [单选题] *A. put outB. turn outC. give outD. go out(正确答案)6、As I know, his salary as a doctor is much higher_____. [单选题] *A. than that of a teacher(正确答案)B. than a teacherC. to that of a teacherD. to a teacher7、49．________ is the price of the product? [单选题] *A．HowB．How muchC．What(正确答案)D．How many8、—______ do you play basketball?—Twice a week.（）[单选题] *A. How often(正确答案)B. How muchC. How manyD. How long9、The little girl held _____ in her hand. [单选题] *A. five breadsB. five piece of breadsC. five piece of breadD. five pieces of bread(正确答案)10、We should have breakfast every day to keep ______. [单选题] *A. healthB. healthy(正确答案)C. healthilyD. the healthy11、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] * A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything12、Amy and her best friend often ______ books together.（）[单选题] *A. read(正确答案)B. readsC. is readingD. to read13、Bob is young, _______ he knows a lot. [单选题] *A. becauseB. soC. but(正确答案)D. unless14、I _______ play the game well. [单选题] *A. mustB. can(正确答案)C. wouldD. will15、Look! There are some boats ______ the river.（）[单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. overC. betweenD. in16、20．Jerry is hard-working. It’s not ______ that he can pass the exam easily. [单选题] * A．surpriseB．surprising (正确答案)C．surprisedD．surprises17、4．—Let's fly a kite when you are ________ at the weekend.—Good idea. [单选题] * A．warmC．smallD．free(正确答案)18、—Can you play tennis?—______. But I can play basketball.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I canB. Yes, I doC. No. I can’t(正确答案)D. No, I don’t19、1．________my father ________ my mother is able to drive a car. So they are going to buy one. [单选题] *A．Neither; norB．Both; andC．Either; orD．Not only; but also(正确答案)20、It _____ us a lot of time to do this job. [单选题] *A. spentB. madeC. took(正确答案)21、When Max rushed to the classroom, his classmates _____ exercises attentively. [单选题] *A. didB. have doneC. were doing(正确答案)D. do22、73．（）about the man wearing sunglasses during night that he was determined to follow him．[单选题] *A. So curious the detective wasB.So curious was the detective(正确答案)C.How curious was the detectiveD.How curious the detective was23、Either you or the president（）the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting. [单选题] *A. is handing outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD. is to hand out(正确答案)24、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)25、I’ve got some very _______ news to tell you. [单选题] *A. exciting(正确答案)B. comfortableC. convenientD. beautiful26、The black coal there shows a sharp（）white snow. [单选题] *A. contract withB. content withC. contact toD. contrast to(正确答案)27、_______ after dinner is good for our health. [单选题] *A. WalksB. Walking(正确答案)C. WalkedD. Walk28、We have ______ homework today. （）[单选题] *A. too manyB. too much(正确答案)C. much tooD. very much29、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)30、Her ideas sound right, but _____ I'm not completely sure. [单选题] *A. somehow(正确答案)B. somewhatC. somewhereD. sometime。

2019北京高三一模七选五汇编

2019北京高三一模七选五汇编2019 一模海淀根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Benefits of SportsDoing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It's a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you're involved. 46 Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions.47 Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child's confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth. 48 So after a game, it's a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?”Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part ofa group, building up accountability and leadership. 49 Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. 50 There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!A.It's not just your body that benefits from sports.B.Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.C.But remember, a child's self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss.D.If you play group sports, you'll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.E.Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.F.Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage.G.Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field. 2019 一模西城根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019北京高考各区模拟七选五汇编

2019朝阳一Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating?Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate? Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation. ____46____The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the pow er of the mind. “If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite,” said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing. ____47____ V isualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese,” he added.Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates. ____48____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly, a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates. ____49____When they said they had finished, these were taken away and weighed.The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.____50____Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily, or have control over other habits.A. What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.B. People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment.C. For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study.D. All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.E. It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food.F. This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, the study says.G. This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.46—50 CAFDG2019朝阳二Films and computer gamesI n just a few decades the gaming industry has become much bigger than the film business. What is called “interactive entertainment” makes more money than Hollywood cinema. Is thereany way of making films more appealing to people who like to play computer games?Making a film out of a best-selling computer game can guarantee a large audience. ___46__ Nowadays films are made with similar ones. They have attractive action scenes relying on fantasy effects as well. Gaming markets consist of science-fiction games, and film-makers have also set films in science-fiction worlds. ___47___ Any attempt to borrow more than the setting from a game is certain to fail.Why do gamers feel disappointed by films based on their favorite games? One of the reasons is technical. Now everything can be computer-produced. ___48___ However, filming a scene from 20 different cameras would cost a fortune, so it simply isn’t done in the film version—leaving the gamers feeling that the film didn’t look as real as the computer game.__49___ In a film the director doesn’t show you some things to keep you have the feeling of excitement or anxiety. For example, you wouldn’t be interested in watching the film if you knew the identity of the murderer. But this is not true for computer games. When you play a game, you have to do certain tasks to continue to the new level. ___50___ You are always in control as a player, while in the cinema you never control the action. You just sit and watch.There can be some interaction between films and computer games on different levels. For all the similarities between technologies and special effects, we shouldn’t forget that a story and a game are fundamentally different.A. Cameras matter in another sense, too.B. The success of a game usually lies in the use of special effects.C. You can’t influence what happens at all in the computer games.D. Computer games may show the action from a number of views easily.E. The game has a good chance of being as successful as the film on which it is based.F. You must be able to have access to all the information in order to decide what to do next.G. However, the difficulty for film producers appears to be knowing where and when to stop.46—50BGDAF2019东城一Are You a Prisoner of Perfection?Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach? 46 Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you can’t achieve the unachievable? Understanding what drives perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self-created anchor that keeps us stuck.Shame and fear are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism. We believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us with criticism and we’ll win respect and approval.47 Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledgemistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame. They fear that showing vulnerability(弱点) will expose them to the accusation that they’re weak. They stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when it’s obvious that the emperor has no clothes.Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future. We’re constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better. 48 However, if we can’t relax and enjoy lighter moments, then we become prisoners of our perfectionism. We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too seriously. Sadly, we deprive(剥夺) ourselves of the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves.49 We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn’t mean tha t we are a failure. Without failures, we’ll never learn from our mistakes; we’ll never move forward in our lives. Those who succeed have made countless mistakes. The important thing is to learn from our error, forgive ourselves and move on.Being human, perfection is impossible. 50 Releasing ourselves from the desire to protect our image, we’re freed to sail gracefully through our successes and failures—and enjoy our precious life.A. Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible to realize?B. A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings.C. Do you fear that others will be horrified by what you judge about yourself?D. The addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect.E. There’s nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way.F. People who are addicted to perfection are often isolated, even if they seem outgoing and popular.G. By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best, we begin to rid the shame that drives perfectionism.46．A 47．D 48．E 49．B 50．G2019东城二A cultural view on personal spaceIt’s a well-known fact that the British prefer a large “bubble” of personal space around them.46 And in South America, a friend may grab you by the arm during conversation to make their point.Now, a study published in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology has looked into why different cultures have such different approaches to personal space. 47 They developed an earlier study that divided individuals into “contact” and “non-contact” cultures. Contact cultures—southern European, Latin American and Arabian—engaged in more touching and stood closer during conversation than non-contact cultures in northern Europe, North America and partsof Asia.To a degree, this proved correct. Argentina becomes known as the most touchy-feely nation; people here keep the same distance from a stranger as a British person would an acquaintance anda Canadian individual a close friend or partner.48 They come out with the widest distance you should stand from a stranger—more than 1.3m—but one of the narrowest gaps for close friends, just 40cm, compared to nearly 60cm for a British person. So the theory of warm versus cold is not as straightforward as it sounds.49 The higher a country’s average temperature, the closer people will stand to a stranger. But older people in warm climates keep a bigger distance from close friends and stand closer to strangers; women generally keep a greater distance from so meone they don’t know.The academics leading this study admit that there is a lot more to do. But what we do know is to keep your distance in Canada; prepare for a hug in Argentina. 50 They like to stand closer than anybody. To keep warm, perhaps.A. It’s important to get the distance right, though.B. Romanians clearly take longer to establish trust.C. How close we stand to other people varies widely between countries.D. And if you end up on good terms with a Norwegian, don’t draw back.E. However, in India people will pack into trains and buses without a second thought.F. One theory the researchers wanted to test was whether climate affects personal space.G. The study certainly found that climate, age and gender have an effect on personal distance across cultures.46．E 47．F 48．B 49．G 50．D2019丰台二Develop Note-Taking SkillsSpeech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker’s main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows w hat to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper. 46Unfortunately, many people don’t take notes effectively. So me try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speaker’s rate of speech.47 But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration.48 They arrive armed with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they can’t write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit(趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits—and little or no record of the speaker’s important ideas.As these examples illustrate, they don’t know what to listen for, and they don’t know how to record what they do listen for. 49 But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking.Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among the speaker’s ideas.50 But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.A. Perfecting this taking requires practice.B. Some people go to the opposite extreme.C. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D. Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F. When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker’s ideas.G. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker’s main points and evidence.46. F 47. C 48. B 49. G 50. A2019海淀一Benefits of SportsDoing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It’s a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you’ll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you’re involved. 46 Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions.47 Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child’s confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and oth er players raise the self-worth. 48 So after a game, it’s a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?”Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up accountability and leadership. 49 Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. 50 There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!A. It’s not just your body that benefits from sports.B. Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.C. But remember, a child’s self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss.D. If you play group sports, you’ll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.E. Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.F. Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage.G. Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field.46. E 47. A 48. C 49. F 50. G2019西城一Self-confidence，motivation （动机），support and knowledge are the main factors determining if one succeeds or fails．Each of these factors influences our chances of success in a different way． 1 ．Lack of self-confidence is probably the most dreadful enemy of success． 2 Even the most capable person is sure to fail with such an attitude．If it is your case too，improving your self-confidence is a must．Motivation is equally as important as self-confidence． 3 You may even not try to achieve the goal that lies before you．It is important to find out what is the best motivation for you．If you have to do something that does not motivate you，just treat yourself with a reward after you succeed．Of course，this reward should consist of something that will motivate you to pursue （追求）a success．4 While it is not a must for succeeding in your goals，a lack of support can often lead to failure．It is also true that some people cannot succeed without a proper support from their surroundings．These people often lose their motivation or worse，their self-confidence．If you know such a person，supporting him or her is a right thing to do．Also surround yourself with the right people．You will see the results soon．Pursuing realistic goals is also important for a success．You should always make sure that your goals are achievable． 5 Unrealistic goals usually lead to a fast failure and also make many people embarrassed．A．As we know，many people try but do not succeed．B．Consider all your knowledge and skills when setting up a goal．C．Motivation is something in yourself that can push you forwards．D．There are several main reasons why some people cannot succeed．E．Supportive family and collective workplace are also very important．F．Without it，you will not push yourself towards a better performance．G．Thinking you are not good enough to achieve your goals is the same as deciding that you will not succeed．DGFEBHealthy See, Healthy DoVisit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. The location of store displays (摆放) also influences our shopping choices. 46The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks. 47 A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods.48 It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious f oods. “We know that the stores are full of cues (暗示) meant to encourage consumption,” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, “Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products.”Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city’s crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. 49 Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks.Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines. 5 0 The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customers’ eyes to nutritious, lower-calorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City.A. These foods give people more energy.B. They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.C. And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.D. The supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lower-calorie foods.E. These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health.F. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.G. And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior.46．C 47．G 48．E 49．F 50．B。

2019年北京市海淀区高考二模英语试题(5)

2019年北京市海淀区高考二模英语试题(5)一、听力选择题1.A．Get the man’s salad.B．Check the order again.C．Find a table for the man.D．Pay for the man’s bill.2. What made the woman wait so long for her clothes?A．Her not being informed in time.B．The wrong delivery of her package.C．The breaking-down of the company.3. What did the man do yesterday evening?A．He watched a match.B．He read a newspaper.C．He did his homework.4. When does the man plan to go to the party?A．Around 8:00 p.m.B．Around 7:30 p.m.C．Around 7:00 p.m.5. Where did the woman probably go on vacation?A．In a town.B．In the mountains.C．On some beaches.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What are the speakers talking about?A．Having a trip.B．Having guests on Friday.C．Showing new house.2. What will Linda and her husband do at first on that day?A．Go to the bookstore.B．Go shopping.C．Visit their parents.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

2024北京高三二模英语汇编：七选五

2024北京高三二模英语汇编七选五一、阅读理解（2024北京顺义高三二模）When fighting sugar dependence, avoiding added sugar in the diet is key, which sounds simple — right? It certainly does, but things become a bit more complicated once we introduce alternative sweeteners into the mix.1 Many people think that if they replace the sugar in their diet with alternative sweeteners, they’ll be good to go, but this isn’t necessarily the case.Alternative sweeteners are everywhere. 2 For example, Stevia is a popular sugar substitute (代替者) because it is up to 200 times sweeter than sugar and provides fewer calories. Mon k fruit is another example that is free from calories, sweeter than table sugar, and gained from the juice of monk fruit. 3 Sugar alcohols provide fewer calories than regular sugar because they are not fully absorbed by the body.Now that we know some of the common types of alternative sweeteners, let’s take a deeper dive into the problem with them. Research in animals has shown that removing calories from foods that taste sweet can interrupt the ability to control energy intake. 4 If we consume high amounts of alternative sweeteners, it may heighten our preference for sweetness, resulting in the overuse of sugar-sweetened foods and drinks.The other interesting thing about alternative sweeteners is that our brains don’t recognize them as “fake (假的)” sugar. 5 Whenever a food tastes sweet, a message is sent to the brain that communicates we are tasting a sweet food — which can further feed into the sugar dependence cycle.So what do I recommend? In order to fully put a definite end to sugar dependence, reducing your intake of alternative sweeteners should be the goal.A．The taste profile of alternative sweeteners varies.B．We can’t forget about the ever-so-popular sugar alcohols.C．There are countless alternative sweeteners on the market.D．Our brain senses something sweet and thinks it is real sugar.E．They may help reduce the calorie content of good-tasting foods and drinks.F．Artificial sweeteners may also cause one’s body to prefer sweeter-tasting foods.G．Alternative sweeteners are referred to as “low-calorie” or “no-calorie” sweeteners.（2024北京丰台高三二模）At the end of the day, most of us find ourselves on the couch, eyes glued to the television or to our smartphones, doing everything we can to conserve energy. 6 But are we hardwired (本能的) for it?According to Michael Inzlicht, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, we’re lazy and also, we’re not.All humans, given equal options, will take the easy way out. Does it mean we’re lazy? Maybe. 7 We always minimize our effort and, at the same time, maximize the amount of reward we get for that effort. A study published in the journal Neuropsychologia found that our brains may be hardwired for laziness. Even though we know the benefits of exercise, we stay glued to the couch.8 We can’t know for sure whether there is an evolutionary (进化的) purpose to it. But that wouldmake sense. After all, before we were able to go to the grocery store, calories were much more directly linked to effort. Every calorie we burned meant more hunting, fishing, or gathering.But there are the times when humans are the opposite of lazy and do very difficult things for no apparent reason. Some rewards only come from extensive effort. 9 Running this far might even cause more harm than good in terms of running injuries like stress fractures, back pain and so on. But we do it anyway because putting in the effort makes us feel good, says Inzlicht. 10So, in that sense, effort is worth the effort. While humans are economically aware of effort most of the time, “in some cases, the effort itself is rewarding,” says Inzlicht.A．Think about things like running a marathon.B．It’s not completely clear why humans behave this way.C．It seems that we humans are gifted in the way of laziness.D．We similarly love to space out, our brain tired of focusing.E．But it certainly means that we’re economic with our effort.F．Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems.G．Likewise, we might get a sense of pleasure or mastery from doing a crossword puzzle.（2024北京昌平高三二模）Everyone carries a shield（屏障）. Our shields protect what we don’t want others to see, from our embarrassing secrets to our unpredictable feelings. 11 But the problem is that shields can become heavy burdens — easy to put on yet difficult to remove — with terrible effects.Since shields encourage us to hide negative parts of ourselves, we can start to believe that we aren’t worth showing. We might fear how our friends will judge our struggles or how our families will view our ambitions.12However, we have to remember that we aren’t perfect, nor should we expect to be. We need to find and cure the wounds underneath our shields, but that means we have to let down our guard. We may even have problems we haven’t admitted to ourselves. 13 Even if it seems insignificant, every problem should be acknowledged before it grows. Before being cured, we must know that we need to be cured, and be okay with admitting that.Knowing this takes bravery and patience, so it’ll be hard. 14 Yet asking for help means admitting our problems to somebody else — it means letting them see what’s behind our shields. To make it easier, we can reveal ourselves to somebody close to us who we trust will understand us and provide personal support. Or, if we fear judgement, we can open up to someone distant but knowledgeable, such as a counsellor or a help line. No matter what, we can find help when we begin searching.15 We can be more forgiving of faults so we can become comfortable with ours and encourage others to follow. Most importantly, we can let people know that we are willing to listen and help and make it easier to let down our shields.A. This is not a bad thing.B. We need to be understood.C. We shouldn’t expect to do any of it without help.D. In short, we have the power to change this phenomenon.E. Hence we decide to hide ourselves underneath our masks.F. If you can’t trust your partner, it won’t be easy to let them in.G. Maybe we’re hiding something from a friend or scared to admit an error.（2024北京朝阳高三二模）Studies about sleep and employee behavior typically focus on various activities that occur within the body during sleep, and their impact on daytime cognition. New research adopts a different method. 16The researchers conducted three studies involving thousands of dreams recalled by employees. The first study asked participants upon awakening to rate the degree of awe (敬畏) and wonder brought by their dreams and to write down their biggest work problem. 17 Another one they answered was whether they envisioned anything good arising from the difficult work situation—a measure of resilience, which meant the ability to become strong and happy again after toughness. Those who found positive meaning in dreams reported higher levels of awe. 18 In the second study, participants who recalled a dream likewise reported its positive or negative meaning, and then wrote descriptions of the dream and what they took to be its causes and meaning. After work they answered questions about their resilien ce and progress on the day’s tasks. 19 The third study tracked similar measures among employees who participated daily for two weeks, and it looked at how naturally curious each person was. It found similar results about awe and showed that it raised resilience and productivity far more in the naturally curious.20 Awe can help people deal more effectively with challenges and progress toward goals. “Our research reveals how awe can be brought about at a time that has a critical impact on daily wor k outcomes,” the researchers write. “Employees could use dream journals and simple practices to ‘guide’ their nighttime visions, thus increasing their odds of having meaningful, awe-inspiring dreams.”A. A positive dream brings a sense of sudden insight, giving rise to awe.B. The increased awe was also proved to be associated with greater resilience.C. In fact, dreaming may help improve problem-solving skills in daily routine.D. Here, too, good dreams boosted awe and resilience, fueling progress on work goals.E. It finds that remembering a good dream can help people make progress in the day’s tasks.F. Researchers acknowledge that dreams may involve content related to waking experiences.G. They then answered the question about whether they thought the dream was positive or negative.（2024北京东城高三二模）Socrates, Galileo, Marie Curie, Einstein ... What did these great thinkers have in common? They all practiced deliberate doubt and used it as a tool to improve their thinking and generate creative ideas.21 It is about suspending our certainty and letting go of our preconceived（先入为主的）notions in order to explore new ideas and perspectives. When we’re certain of something, we tend to stop looking for alternative explanations or possibilities. 22 Doubt can, of course, be unsettling, but it can also result in a greater understanding of a subject and inspire fresh thoughts and insights.23 But it doesn’t mean we should use it all the time. While deliberate doubt can be a valuable tool for generating creative ideas and exploring complex problems, it can also be counterproductive if it is not practiced in the right way.It’s important to keep in mind that deliberate doubt is not constant doubt. If we’re continuously doubting our own ideas, we’ll be less likely to pursue them and see them through to completion. 24 We spend so much time doubting everything and end up not doing anything.25 We can become self-critical and unsure of our abilities, which can undermine our self-esteem. As aresult, we may be too afraid to try new things or take risks.To avoid these traps, it’s important to strike a balance between doubt and certainty, and to use doubt as a tool to stimulate creative thinking and exploration, rather than as a means of undermining ourselves or others.A. Deliberate doubt can also lead to a lack of confidence.B. But when we doubt, we’re forced to consider other perspectives.C. In this case, deliberate doubt can prevent us from making decisions.D. When practiced all the time, deliberate doubt can lead to a different belief.E. By turning doubt into a deliberate process, we open ourselves to new possibilities.F. Deliberate doubt is the practice of actively questioning our beliefs and assumptions.G. Deliberate doubt can help us to develop a more open-minded approach to the world.（2024北京海淀高三二模）Being sensitive means that you are observant, careful, and thoughtful. It can also mean you sometimes overinterpret or overreact to perceived criticism or judgment. If you tend to be a highly sensitive person, you are more likely to misread signals from others, sense social threats, and struggle to adapt to new circumstances. 26The power of insensitivity can be interpreted as “sluggish (迟钝的) power”. 27 For example, those working on complex research projects with “sluggish power” persist with focus and determination in the face of challenges such as tight deadlines and limited resources. Their resilience facilitates effective problem-solving, ensuring the successful completion of tasks despite obstacles.28 That is one of the important reasons why insensitivity allows a person to better survive and adapt in a competitive environment. Knowing oneself is difficult, but knowing oneself correctly is undoubtedly an excellent ability—a trait shared by many successful people, who all clearly know where their strengths are, what they can do, what they want, and what direction to go.Practicing insensitivity involves several key strategies. Firstly, be assertive. Express our needs and opinions positively and with confidence. Secondly, adopt a forward-looking mindset.29 Additionally, detach from external influences. Avoid excessive concern over others’ opinions and speculation on others’ thoughts. L astly, manage relationships. Recognize our personal responsibilities while respecting others’ boundaries. Don’t interfere with other people’s subjects and don’t let others interfere with ours either.30 Once you become a bit “blunt” and slow down the pace, you will feel more comfortable.A. Learn to view the problem as two parts.B. That’s where the need to be insensitive comes from.C. I hope everyone can obtain the ability to be insensitive.D. Behind insensitivity is a strong sense of self-awareness.E. Being a highly sensitive person can come with many challenges.F. It implies the ability to calmly face the setbacks and firmly move forward.G. Focus on long-term goals rather than the ups and downs of life at the moment.（2024北京西城高三二模）Want to write better? There’s a new book that says simple writing is best.Do you check your text messages before sending? 31 If not, you might prefer getting things done fast, even if they’re not perfect.This book argues that it’s important to write carefully, even for quick messages. Todd Rogers and Jessica LaskyFink, from Harvard, wrote “Writing For Busy Readers”. It’s smartly named because everyone’s busy today. People get lots of messages every day, from emails to texts. 32 Deciding what to read, skim, or ignore happens many times a day for almost everyone.The authors share good writing tips, like cutting unnecessary words and using simple words everyone knows. They say it’s important to keep sentences simple. They tested the idea that less is more. For example, they sent an email to thousands of school-board members asking them to take a survey. They made the email shorter, from 127 to 49 words, and got double the responses (from 2.7% to 4.8%). 33The same is true for text messages. In another test, they sent a short message asking parents to take a survey. It got more responses than a longer, more sympathetic one. Sometimes, being short and clear works better than being kind but ignored. It’s not just what you say, but how quickly you say it that matters.It’s not just about word count. 34 Reducing the number of options has the same effect. Short, active sentences with common words are best.From posts to online reviews, following these rules gets more likes and shares. Serious writers should pay attention too. A study found that companies using long sentences and complicated words were seen as less moral and trustworthy.35 It might be tempting to send messages quickly and hope for the best. But taking time to write for your readers has benefits. If you send a rushed message that readers ignore, it’s like you didn’t send it at all.A. If everyone is a busy reader, everyone is a busy writer too.B. They can also get puzzled by social media platforms.C. If you do, you probably like making even the simplest messages perfect.D. They found that longer messages make people think the task will take longer.E. Keeping messages to one idea, or as few as possible, helps make sure they’re read,remembered, and acted on.F. Your goal is to convey enough passion that your readers think the issue in yourmessage is worth caring about.G. Explaining the thinking behind your messages will allow readers to see that youknow what you’re talking about.参考答案1．G 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．D【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在对抗糖依赖时，避免在饮食中添加糖以及替代甜味剂。

北京市朝阳区2019届高三第二次(5月)综合练习(二模)英语试题

绝密★启用前北京市朝阳区2019届高三第二次（5月)综合练习（二模)英语试题试卷副标题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明一、完形填空The sandwich manMichael rises every morning at 4:00, in good and bad weather, and walks into his sandwich shop. By 5:50, he’s making the rounds of the shelters on Centre Streets. He 1 out 200 sandwiches to the homeless, before beginning his workday.It started 20 years ago when Michael came across a homeless man named John. He began to help him 2 effort then. Day after day, he brought John some food and, when it was really 3 , a resting place in his car while he worked. Once he asked John if he wanted to get cleaned up. It was a(n) 4 offer, because Michael thought John would refuse. 5 , John said, “Are you going to wash me?” Michael knew that he was looking at a 6 of his promise. It was at the moment that Michael 7 to help the homeless.Michael began his work. He received no sponsorship, saying, “I’m not getting media 8 . I just want to do some good in my way. There are days when it’s snowing, and I have a hard time leaving my warm bed and the 9 of my family to go downtown with sandwiches. But I’ve 10 .”Michael makes 200 sandwiches every day for the past 20 years. “I don’t simply 11 the sandwiches on a table for the homeless to pick up. I shake their hands and 12 them a good day,” says Michael. Once Mayor (市长) Koch came to make the rounds with him. They 13 the media, and it seemed like it was just the two of them. But of all Michael’s 14 ,试卷第2页，总12页working side by side with the Mayor was not as important as working next to someone else…A man had 15 from the sandwich takers, and Michael thought about him from time to time. He hoped the man had moved on to a more 16 environment. One day, the man came back, greeting Michael and 17 sandwiches of his own to hand out. He said Michael’s daily foo d, warm handshakes and wishes had given him the 18 he badly needed. After achieving some success, he decided to do the same thing as Michael.The moment needed no 19 . The two men worked silently, side by side, handing out their sandwiches. It was another day on Centre Streets, but a day with just a little more 20 . 1．A ．picks B ．sets C ．gives D ．finds 2．A ．with B ．around C ．from D ．over 3．A ．sunny B ．warm C ．cloudy D ．cold 4．A ．silly B ．empty C ．crazy D ．free 5．A ．Fortunately B ．Disappointedly C ．Surprisingly D ．Thankfully 6．A ．test B ．gift C ．trick D ．view 7．A ．demanded B ．agreed C ．pretended D ．determined 8．A ．benefit B ．attention C ．sympathy D ．information 9．A ．comfort B ．wealth C ．value D ．honor 10．A ．suffered B ．hesitated C ．managed D ．wondered 11．A ．check B ．lay C ．match D ．cover 12．A ．witness B ．predict C ．follow D ．wish 13．A ．ignored B ．blamed C ．confirmed D ．handled 14．A ．situations B ．memories C ．schedules D ．professions 15．A ．escaped B ．volunteered C ．disappeared D ．survived 16．A ．competitive B ．complex C ．familiar D ．stable 17．A ．carryingB ．seekingC ．occupyingD ．treating 18．A ．responsibility B ．permission C ．encouragement D ．achievement 19．A ．purpose B ．dialogue C ．relief D ．doubt 20．A ．luck B ．funC ．prideD ．hope二、阅读理解………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………21．What is the advantage of Fineways’ new food labels? A ．They provide extra nutritional information. B ．They warn customers about unhealthy foods. C ．They show different customers’ nutritional needs.D ．They remind customers of the harm of unbalanced nutrition.22．According to the passage, the new labelling system can help to ______. A ．reduce the amount of food you take B ．follow GDAs by mixing various foods C ．make your choice of more delicious food D ．satisfy the growing demands for nutrition试卷第4页，总12页23．Where is the passage most probably taken from? A ．A dinner menu. B ．A research report. C ．A fashion magazine. D ．An advice brochure.Open water swimmingI had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners —which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area, a children’s paddling pool -sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.We’d been warned that the first 100 metres would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming th rough the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.Finally I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there —still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter—the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m hooked, and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next o pen-water swim. 24．How did the author feel before the race?A．Scared of the most challenging race.B．Disappointed by the difficult conditions.C．Concerned about the other swimmers in the race.D．Determined to be as tough as the people around her.25．Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2?A．To stress the importance of the race.B．To praise the experienced swimmers.C．To show the wide range of the participants.D．To introduce the various events of the race.26．The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______.A．the race would cause breathing problemsB．the race became harder than she had expectedC．it was really necessary to prepare for tough swimsD．it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice27．What does the author talk about in the last paragraph?A．Her confidence in her own ability.B．Her pride in having swum so quickly.C．Her eagerness to repeat the experience.D．Her surprise at having managed to finish.The Alexander techniqueUntil earlier this year, I didn’t know a nything about the Alexander technique—and saw no reason to think I should. One day, the backache I regularly suffered was more painful. I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they’ll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor. After examining me, he said, “You actually have bad posture (姿势). Go off and learn the Alexander technique.” Three months later I could walk straighter and sit better.The Alexander technique is a way of learning how you can get rid of harmful tension in your body. The teaching focuses on the neck, head and back. It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort. There is little effort in the lessons themselves, which sets apart the Alexander technique from yoga or pilates,which are exercise-based. A typical lesson involves standing in front of a chair and learning to试卷第6页，总12页sit and stand with minimum effort. You spend some time lying on a bench with your knees bent to straighten the spine (脊椎) and relax your body while the teacher moves your arms and legs to train you to move them correctly.The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines.So who was Alexander and how did he come up with the technique? Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (声音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results. He brought his technique to London and opened a teacher-training school, which is still successful today.So if you’re walki ng along the road one day with shoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a thought to the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.28．What does the author suggest in Paragraph 1? A ．She felt no better after the treatment. B ．She got bored with the Alexander technique. C ．She was sceptical about the doctor’s method. D ．She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache. 29．What is the principle of the Alexander technique? A ．Physical tension shouldn’t be completely reliev ed. B ．The technique shouldn’t be combined with other exercises. C ．The practice of the technique shouldn’t be attempted alone. D ．Familiar physical actions shouldn’t be done with much effort. 30．What can we learn about Frederick Alexander? A ．He managed to recover his vocal powers. B ．He was eager to make a name for himself. C ．He developed a form of exercise for actors. D ．He had to leave home to develop his technique.31．What is the main idea of the passage?A．The occurrence of back pain is widespread.B．Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.C．The Alexander technique helps overcome posture problems.D．People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.Don’t put it off, do it now!Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobs that have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else.“We often put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authority on the science of motivation. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just do them now. We put off what is difficult or unpleasant, such as the paperwork that needs doing before leaving the office or cleaning the bits of your home that people can’t see. But the fact is, the less people procrastinate, the more money they have, the better relationships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is obvious when you look at the couples who don’t argue about whether anyone has cleaned the kitchen, and the people who simply go for a run instead of endlessly rescheduling it in their heads.Of course, there are the rest of us, who feel the small jobs piling up around us daily. “We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are not set up to appreciate long-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit of a four-year degree, doing exercise or dieting. We usually feel the cost now and the reward comes much later.” According to Dr. Steel, we have two decision-making systems. They are the limbic, which is responsible for the short term, and the prefrontal cortex, which deals with the future. We bounce between long-term goals and short-term temptations, so we need goals that will translate our plans for the limbic system.Let’s take the example of students’ writing essays. They should set themselves targets and word counts per day. These are thus turned from seemingly endless tasks into something concrete with measured progress. Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or“pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it morelikely a task will be completed. The benefit is that yo u’ll avoid the embarrassment of not试卷第8页，总12页following up on something people are expecting you to do —telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so.Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not c areful, becomes procrastination in itself. But it is worth making sure you have everything in place. “Successful people don’t pretend they don’t procrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “People who pretend they have willpower are less successful.” Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward.32．What does the author say about procrastination in Paragraph 1? A ．It is something many p eople can’t help. B ．It is an excuse people often use in public. C ．It is caused by the technology in people’s life. D ．It is more common when people have small jobs to do.33．In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that people who procrastinate should ______. A ．attempt to overcome their natural tendencies B ．take the advice of others in the same situation C ．be aware that their problem is relatively small D ．find out more about the way they make decisions34．Why does Dr. Steel recommend making “pre -commitments” in P aragraph 4? A ．They are an alternative to impossible goals. B ．They make challenges feel more manageable. C ．They are an effective way of impressing others. D ．They allow people to achieve their aims sooner.35．What does the author do by saying the underlined sentence? A ．Encourage the reader to develop plans effectively. B ．Advise the reader to deal with complex tasks quickly. C ．Warn the reader against spending too long getting organized. D ．Remind the reader to take the time to focus properly on a task. 三、七选五Films and computer gamesIn just a few decades the gaming industry has become much bigger than the film business. What is called “interactive entertainment” makes more money than Hollywood cinema. Is there any way of making films more appealing to people who like to play computer games?Making a film out of a best-selling computer game can guarantee a large audience. 36．Nowadays films are made with similar ones. They have attractive action scenes relying on fantasy effects as well. Gaming markets consist of science-fiction games, and film-makers have also set films in science-fiction worlds. 37．Any attempt to borrow more than the setting from a game is certain to fail.Why do gamers feel disappointed by films based on their favorite games? One of the reasons is technical. Now everything can be computer-produced. 38．However, filming a scene from 20 different cameras would cost a fortune, so it simply isn’t done in the film version—leaving the gamers feeling that the film didn’t look as real as the computer game.39．In a film the director doesn’t show you some things to keep you have the feeling of excitement or anxiety. For example, you wouldn’t be interested in watching the film if you knew the identity of the murderer. But this is not true for computer games. When you play a game, you have to do certain tasks to continue to the new level. 40．You are always in control as a player, while in the cinema you never control the action. You just sit and watch.There can be some interaction between films and computer games on different levels. For all the similarities between technologies and special effects, we shouldn’t forget that a story and a game are fundamentally different.A．Cameras matter in another sense, too.B．The success of a game usually lies in the use of special effects.C．You can’t influence what happens at all in the computer games.D．Computer games may show the action from a number of views easily.E. The game has a good chance of being as successful as the film on which it is based.F. You must be able to have access to all the information in order to decide what to do next.G. However, the difficulty for film producers appears to be knowing where and when to stop.试卷第10页，总12页第II 卷（非选择题)请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明四、语法填空My trip to Paris was so memorable. First of all, the hotel was fantastic. It overlooked the Seine, the famous river I 41． (read) about in so many poems. We listened to the laughter of the children and watched the river run by 42． (slow) below. Next, Montmartre was a wonderful place for painters. The air was filled with the sounds of happy people and the smell of paint. 43． I enjoyed most were the cafes. There I had a cup of coffee and watched people on the street. Everyone had a sense of style.Football is a popular sport with fans all over the world. There is, however, an indoor version of the game 44． (know) as “table football”. It was invented in 1921 and people 45． (get) great pleasure from it since then. The game is played on a special table. Players control their “team” by turning sticks, to which the “players” are attached. As in real football, 46． (point) will be awarded when putting the ball in the other players’ goal. Table football requires using hands and eyes together excellently, which is really exciting.Shark attacks can be deadly, but they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people 47． (injure). You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea 48． tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are dangerous to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed 49． food and medicine every year. As a result, some kinds of sharks may die out completely. 50． (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive. 五、提纲类作文51．假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。

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2019北京高三二模七选五汇编2019二模海淀第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? You 've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes bla nk, your heart races fast, you get sweaty p alms and find it hard to breathe. 46Every one feels stressed duri ng exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate prep arati on time and bad exp erie nces tak ing tests in the p ast. This is no rmal and ofte n helps you work harder, thi nk faster and gen ffn?dlpove your p erforma nee. 47 You may also feel that other people are man agi ng the exam be社er tha n you. This cause you to feel that your mind has can “gone bla nk ” on in formati o n you know you have revised.48 Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don 't review because they think theyiywaycaheldly aeven miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don ' t tr A landthenas bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? 49 Yes, thisseems obvious, but it ' s worth rep eat in g. If you feel con fide nt that you * ve prep ared thoroughly, youwalk ing into the test. The sec ond tip is simple: just start. The bla nk p age can maximize your an xiety. 50 You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating （分酉己）your time is equally imports nt. Look through the whole test before gett ing started. Men tally allo cate how much time you ' II spend on each section. If there ' s time to recheck, even better.A. The first thi ng you should do is to be prep ared.B. People often deal with exam stress in many un hel pfulways.C. If these classic sig ns of exam an xiety sound familiar, you' re n otalone!D. Therefore, people n eed an approp riate amount of p ressure to help deal with exams.E. Realiz ing time is almost up and that *s still a lot of bla nk space will make you des perate.thereF. However, if you are overly an xious about the result, you may be un able to focus on your work.G. After you get the pap er, dive right in by gett ing some questi ons done to build up your con fiden ee.20佃二模西城第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Healthy See, Healthy DoVisit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will p robably come home with a few things you did n ot plan to buy. But hun ger is not the only cause of additi onal pu rchases. The locatio n of store dis plays （摆放）also in flue nces our shopping choices. 46The checkout area is a p articular hots pot for junk food. Studies have found that the p roducts most com monly found there are sugary and salty sn acks. 47 A 2012 study in the Netherla nds found that hos pital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy sn acks whe n the latter were more readily available on can tee n shelves, for exa mple. In 2014Norwegia n and Icela ndic researchers also found that rep laci ng un healthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area sig ni fica ntly in creased last- minute sales of healthier foods.48 It has bee n work ing with more tha n 1,000 store owners to en courage them to order and p romote nu tritiousfoods. ° We know that the stores are full of cue 暗示）meant to en courage consump ti on, M says Tamar Adjeiaricha res scie ntist at the dep artme u Making healthy foods more convenient or app eali ng can lead to in creased sales of those nt, p roducts.n Adjoia n and her colleagues won dered if such findings would apply to their city s crowded urba n they selected three Bronx sup ermarkets for their own study. 49 The n they recorded pu rchases over six three-hour p eriods in each store for two weeks.Of the more tha n 2,100 sho ppers they observed, just 4 p erce nt bought anything from the checkout area. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines pu rchased nu tritious foods more tha n twice as often as those in the standard lines. 5 The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.The poten tial in flue nee may seem small, but Adjoia n believes that cha nging more checkout lines would open customers1 eyes to nutritious, lowcalorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy op ti ons at checkout coun ters throughout New York City.A. These foods give people more en ergy.B. They bought un healthy foods 40 percent less ofte n.C. And it may make or break some healthy eat ing habits.D. The sup ermarkets bega n to offer nu tritious, lower-calorie foods.E. These findings caught the atte nti on of New York City Dep artme nt of Health.F. They rep laced can dies and cookies with fruits and nuts n ear the checkout coun ter.G. And a few studies have suggested that simply swa pping in healthier op ti ons can cha nge customer behavior.20佃二模东城第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）A cultural view on personal sp aceIt r aswell ・k nown fact that the British p refer a large “ bubble of personal space around them. 46 A nd in SouthAmerica, a friend may grab you by the arm duri ng con versatio n to make their point.Now, a study published in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology has looked into why different cultures have suchd iff ere nt app roaches to pers onal space.47 They deve loped an earlier study that divided in dividuals into southern European, ・contsctitact cultured. Cdhrtoxrt culturesLatin American and Arabian — engaged in more touching and stood closer during conversation than norvcon tact cultures in n orther n Europe, North America and p arts of Asia・To a degree, this proved correct. Arge nti na becomes known as the most touchy-feely n ati on; people here kee p the same dista nee from a stra nger as a British person would an acqua intance and a Can adia n in dividual a close friend or partner. 48They come out with the widest dista nee you should sta nd from a stra nger — more tha n 1.3m — but one of the n arrowest gaps for close frien ds, just 40cm, comp ared to n early 60cm for a British person. So the theory of warm versus cold is not as straightforward as it sounds.49 The higher a country s average temperature, the closer people will stand to a stranger. But older people in warmclimates kee p a bigger dista nee from close friends and sta nd closer to stra ngers; wome n gen erally kee p a greater dista nee from some one they don t know.The academics lead ing this study admit that there is a lot more to do. But what we do know is to kee p your dista nee inCan ada; prepare for a hug in Arge ntina. 50 They like to sta nd closer tha n an ybody. To kee p warm, p erha ps.A. It 1 s import a nt to get the dista ncehtgthough.B. Roma nians clearly take Ion ger to establish trust.C. How close we sta nd to other people varies widely betwee n coun tries.D. And if you end up on good terms with a Norwegia n5 don *t draw back.E. However, i n In dia people will p ack into trains and buses without a sec ond thought.F. One theory the researchers wan ted to test was whether climate affects personal space.G. The study certa inly found that climate, age and gen der have an effect on personal dista nee across cultures.20佃二模丰台第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

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