河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一(承智班)12月月考历
河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一(承智班)上学期周练(12.30)数学试题含答案

河北定州中学2016-2017学年第一学期高一承智班数学周练试题(11)一、选择题1.已知|a |=2|b |≠0,且关于x 的方程x 2+|a |x+a ·b =0有实根,则a 与b 的夹角的取值范围是 A .]6,0[π B .],3[ππC .]32,3[ππD .],6[ππ2.i 是虚数单位,复数=( )A .1+2iB .2+4iC .﹣1﹣2iD .2﹣i3.若A(-2,3),B(3,-2),C(21,m)三点共线,则m的值( ).A 。
21 B .12- C.-2 D.24.不等式222x-<的解集是A 、()-1,1B 、()-2,2C 、()()-1,00,1D 、()()-2,00,2 5.已知直线m x y +=和圆122=+y x 交于B A 、两点,且||3AB =m ( )(A)1± (B )23± (C )22±(D )21±6.设1z 是虚数,1121z z z+=是实数,且112≤≤-z ,则1z 的实部取值范围是( )A .[]1,1-B .⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-21,21 C .[]2,2- D .⎥⎦⎤⎝⎛⋃⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-21,00,217.设X 是直角坐标平面上的任意点集,定义}),(|)1,1{(*X y x x y X∈--=.若XX =*,则称点集X“关于运算*对称”.给定点集}1|),{(22=+=y x y x A ,}1|),{(-==x y y x B ,}1|||1||),{(=+-=y x y x C ,其中“关于运算* 对称"的点集个数为A .0B .1C .2D .38.(2013•中山模拟)若集合M={x ∈N *|x <6},N={x||x ﹣1|≤2},则M ∩∁R N=( )A.(﹣∞,﹣1) B 。
[1,3) C 。
(3,6) D.{4,5} 9.设函数20()(1)x x f x f x x ⎧≤=⎨->⎩,则函数()()g x f x x =-的零点个数为( )A .1B .2 C.3 D .4 10.若命题“,0R x ∈∃使得032020<-++m mx x "为假命题,则实数m 的取值范围是( )A .[]6,2B .[]2,6--C .()6,2D .()2,6--11.已知函数()ln f x x x k =-+,在区间1[,]e e上任取三个数,,a b c 均存在以()f a ,()f b ,()f c 为边长的三角形,则k 的取值范围是( )A .(1)-+∞, B .(,1)-∞-C .(,3)e -∞-D .(3)e -+∞, 12.下列命题中的真命题是( ) A .对于实数a 、b 、c ,若a b >,则22acbc >B .x 2>1是x >1的充分而不必要条件C .,R αβ∃∈ ,使得sin()sin sin αβαβ+=+成立D .,R αβ∀∈,tan tan tan()1tan tan αβαβαβ++=-⋅成立二、填空题13.如图,AB 是圆O 的直径,弦AD 和BC 相交于点P ,连接CD .若∠APB =120°,则CDAB等于 .14.已知边长为a 的等边三角形内任意一点到三边距离之和为定值,这个定值为3,推广到空间,棱长为a 的正四面体内任意一点到各个面的距离之和也为定值,则这个定值为:15.定义在R 上的函数()f x ,其图象是连续不断的,如果存在非零常数λ(λ∈R,使得对任意的x ∈R ,都有f (x+λ)=λf (x ),则称y=f (x )为“倍增函数”,λ为“倍增系数”,下列命题为真命题的是____(写出所有真命题对应的序号). ①若函数()y f x =是倍增系数λ=-2的倍增函数,则()y f x =至少有1个零点;②函数()21f x x =+是倍增函数,且倍增系数λ=1;③函数()xf x e -=是倍增函数,且倍增系数λ∈(0,1);④若函数()sin(2)(0)f x x ωω=>是倍增函数,则(*)2k k N πω=∈ 16.设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为nS ,若5353aa =,则53S S =.三、解答题17.已知1F 、2F 分别是椭圆C:22221,(0)x y a b a b+=>>的左焦点和右焦点,O 是坐标系原点, 且椭圆C 的焦距为6, 过1F 的弦AB 两端点A 、B 与2F 所成2ABF ∆的周长是122(Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的标准方程;(Ⅱ) 已知点11(,)P x y ,22(,)Q x y 是椭圆C 上不同的两点,线段PQ 的中点为(2,1)M ,求直线PQ 的方程 18.已知函数2()(),0()x f x xax b e x f x =++⋅=当时取到极大值,1()x x f x =时取到极小值,且()0x R f x ∈>时恒成立。
河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一12月月考数学试题 含答案

河北定州中学2016—2017学年第一学期高一12月考数学试卷一、选择题1.下面各组函数中为相等函数的是( ) A. 2()(1),()1f x x g x x =-=- B 。
()1,()1f x x g t t =-=- C. 2()1,()11f x x g x x x =-=+⋅-D 。
2(),()x f x x g x x == 2.已知定义在R 上的奇函数f (x )满足f (x+2)=-f (x ),则f(6)的值为( )A 。
-1 B.0 C.1 D 。
23.()f x 是定义域为R 上的奇函数,当0x ≥时,()22(x f x x m m =++为常数),则()2f -=( )A 。
9B 。
7C 。
9- D.7-4.已知幂函数()f x 的图像过点14,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,则()8f 的值为( ) A .2B .64C .22D .164 5.若函数()(1)x x f x k aa -=--(0a >且1a ≠)在R 上既是奇函数,又是减函数,则()log ()a g x x k =+的图象是下图中的( )6.对于x R ∈,[]x 表示不超过x 的最大整数, 如[][]1.11, 2.13=-=-,定义R 上的函数()[][][]248f x x x x =++,若()1|,02A y y f x x ⎧⎫==≤≤⎨⎬⎩⎭,则A 中所有元素的和为( )A 。
15 B.19C.20D.557.已知函数()y f x =在R 上为奇函数,且当0x ≥时,2()2f x xx =-,则当0x <时,()f x 的解析式是( )A .()(2)f x x x =-+B .()(2)f x x x =-C .()(2)f x x x =--D .()(2)f x x x =+8.在同一坐标系中,当0<a <1时,函数y=a ﹣x 与y=log a x 的图象是()9.已知点A n (n ,a n )(n ∈N *)都在函数f (x)=log a x (a >0且a ≠1)的图象上,则a 2+a 10与2a 6的大小关系为( )A .a 2+a 10>2a 6B .a 2+a 10<2a 6C .a 2+a 10=2a 6D .a 2+a 10与2a 6的大小与a 有关10.已知函数2()(1)x f x e x =-+(e 为自然对数的底),则()f x 的大致图象是( )11.已知()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数,若()12f =,当0x >时,()f x 是增函数,且对任意的,x y 都有()()()f x y f x f y +=+,则()f x 在区间[]3,2--上的最大值为( )A .-4B .-5C .-6D .-712.函数y=2sinx (﹣π≤x ≤π)的大致图象为( ) A . B .C .D .二、填空题 13.已知y=f(x )是定义在(—2,2)上的增函数,若f(m —1)<f(1—2m ),则m 的取值范围是 .14.已知:0<x <1,则函数y=x (3-2x )的最大值是___________.15.设函数42,0,()log ,0,a x x f x x x -≤⎧=⎨>⎩且1(())54f f =,则a = . 16.若3log 4=a ,则a a --44=____________。
河北省定州中学高一英语12月月考试题(承智班)

河北定州中学2016-2017学年第一学期高一承智班12月考英语试卷一、选择题1.—Don’t always turn to particular patterns time after time in our life.—I agree. We would otherwise our thinking by rules or common attitude.A. inspectB. limitC. judgeD. recover2.— Traffic accidents are usually very hard to _____.— Sure enough, remember what we _____ the last one. It was troublesome.A. deal with; did withB. do with; dealt withC. deal with; do withD. do with; deal with3.This is a really different hotel _______19 floors with the roof _______a hanging garden.A. making up of; consisted ofB. consisting of; making upC. consisted of; taking upD. made up of; consisting of4. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _________ favors to them.A. in preference toB. in place ofC. in agreement withD. in exchange for5.The first decade of the 21st century _____ the breathtaking and non-stop development of China.A.witnesses B.witnessedC.will witnessD.had witnessed6.__________ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a s erious problemC. However serious a problemD. Whatever serious a problem7.It's management that's at fault _________ the work-force.A. other thanB. more thanC. rather thanD. less than8.—Helen is going to Manchester for further education next month.—I’m ______ because I have to stay at home and work.A. green with envyB. white as a sheetC. tickled pinkD. black and blue9.Time is pressing; it’s impossible for me to get there in an hour, ______ the possible delays.A.accounting for B.answering forC.allowing for D.heading for10.—The constant noise around here______ me crazy!—Calm down.It’s no use compla ining.A. drove B. drivesC. is driving D. had driven二、阅读理解Four years ago my sweet mom went to be with her Lord(上帝). She did it her way.I got the call at work, and I headed home quickly. Mom and Dad lived on a small farm that they had owned since I was seven. I hated going there every weekend. There was nothing for a young girl to do but watch the one station on the old TV set, if the weather allowed reception.My mom, on the other hand, loved the peace and quiet of the land. The place was rustic, with no indoor plumbing or heat. We had a big wood stove i n the kitchen that did its best to heat the little farmhouse, but it always seemed cold and too quiet to me.In the evenings, my mom and I would sit for hours singing in the little kitchen. I sang the melody and Mom harmonized. Her favorite song was "Moon River" and we sang it over and over. Mom told me stories about how when I was a little girl, I could sing before I could talk.As time passed, I had my own children and went to visit them every week or two. The kids loved the farm and the tractor rides with my dad. Me, well, I still hated the silence of the farm. While my mom loved to sit at her kitchen table and look out at her garden and flowers and retell all the old stories, I missed the hustle and bustle(喧闹)of my lifeat home. But I sat there listening quietly as she reminisced.Now, I sat back in the silence and the silence was deafening so I finally leaned over to turn on an old radio. Music always comforted me.My heart skipped a beat. "Moon River" was playing on the radio. I sat there stunned, with a tear running down my cheek, as I listened to every familiar note.11.From the first paragraph, we know that the writer’s mother ________.A. passed away four years agoB. left the small farm with LordC. left for Lord to live her own wayD. preferred to be with Lord12.The underlined word reminisced in the fifth paragraph probably means ________.A. recalled(回忆)B. comfortedC. shoutedD. sighed(叹息)13.The writer didn’t like staying in the farm for the following reasons except that ________.A. it was too cold and quietB. she could only sing one song in the small farmC. there was nothing more that could make her excitedD. the place was rustic, with no indoor plumbing or heat14.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? _______A. Cherish lifeB. My happy childhoodC. Our small farmhouseD. Mom’s musicThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was , as it happened , my aunt . She was Myrtle C . Manigault , the wife of my mother’s brother Bill . She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden , New Jersey . During my childhood and youth , Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential , without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females . I liked to sing ; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good . I couldn’t dance ; she taught me the basic dancing steps . She took me to the theatre—not just children’s theat re but adult comedies anddramas—and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed .My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me . I had books at home , but they were all serious classics . Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor , and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her .Most important , perhaps , Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication . A writer herself for one of the black newspapers , she suggested my name to the editor as a “ youth columnist ” . My column , begun when I was fourteen , was supposed to cover teenage social activities—and it did—but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material , the discipline of meeting deadlines , and , after graduation from college six years later , a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs . Today Aunt Myr tle it still an enthusiastic supporter of her “ favorite niece ” . Like a diamond , she has reflected a bright , multifaceted(多面的)image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path .15.Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and y outh ?A. She lent her some serious classics .B. She introduced her to adult plays .C. She discovered her talent for dancing .D. She cultivated her taste for music .16.What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to ?A. A serious masterpiece .B. A writer of high fame .C. A book of great fun .D. A heartbreaking play .17. Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to __________ .A. develop her capabilities for writingB. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activitiesD. offer her a series of writing jobs18.We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who __________ .A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learningC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupilsD. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialThe world consumes hundreds of billions of single-use plastic bags each year. They are difficult to recycle, wasteful and damage the nature. Environmental activists want to ban plastic bags or---as many communities have done ---charge a fee for them. But the plastic bag industry defends their use, saying people reuse plastic bags, and industry officials argue recycling is a matter of personal responsibility and should not be forced.City officials say New Yorkers use 5.2 billion plastic bags each year. They are offered free with nearly every supermarket, or convenience store purchase. Many people like them, even if they sometimes feel guilty about using them. But what happens to those bags after they’ve been used in a huge environmental problem. They are found on beaches. They are caught in trees. They are swallowed by marine life.Plastic bags are made of petroleum products and natural gas, and do not biodegrade (分解). And they are difficult to recycle. So New York City spends nearly $ 10 million dollars a year to send 100---thousand tons of plastic bags to landfills out of state.In Washington, D.C., a five percent charge on all single-use bags led to about a 60 percent reduction and in Los Angeles County in California , a 10 cent charge on single-use bags led to a 95 percent reduction. With a 10 cent charge on bags, customers are much more likely to st op and think about whether they need a bag or not. And that’s really all that these laws are doing.19.Who object to the limit of using plastic bags?A. Plastic bag makers.B. Government officials.C. Stores and supermarkets.D. Most of the consumers.20.Paragraph 2 mainly tells us _____.A. the difficulty about dealing with plastic bagsB. the popularity of plastic bags in New YorkC. the great convenience brought by using plastic bagsD. the usage and problems of plastic bags in New York21.What measure does the writer introduce to reduce the use of plastic bags?A. Reducing the production of plastic bags.B. Charging for the use of plastic bags.C. Offering paper bags instead of plastic bags.D. Making people realize the harm of plastic bags.Want to improve your writing skills? New Writing South is directing the way! Towner Writer Squad (班组)for kids aged 13-17Led by comedy and TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary (当代的) art museum for 11 months, starting 12 October, 2014.The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles, from poetry to play writing and lyrics (抒情诗)to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers.Application & SelectionIf you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample (样本) piece of your writing (about 500 words), responding to the title ‘LUNCH,’ with your name, age, address and e-mail address to: debo@.Once all applications are in, you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September,4-5pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what’s to come.Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2014For further information go to: /towner or or Any questions—feel free to send your e-mail to Towner Writer Squad Associate: whame@Beginner Writing Project for kids aged 10-13Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.Start time: 6 September, 2014Meet every other Saturday,2-4pm, at the Towner Study Centre.Study and write at your own pace ― you do not have to rush ― as you have a year to go through the project. Practise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing!No previous experience or special background is required. Many others have been successful this way. If they can do it, why can’t you?Fee: £179For more information go to: or 22.Towner Writer Squa d will be started ________.A. to train comedy and TV writersB. to encourage the development of young writersC. to introduce a contemporary art museumD. to explore the fantastic gallery space23.To join the Writer Squad,each applicant should first ________.A. complete an application formB. meet the Writer Squad LeaderC. offer their family informationD. provide a piece of their writing24.What is most important for the beginners?A. Practising as much as possible.B. Studying and writing at their own pace.C. Gaining confidence and having fun.D. Learning skills from writers and teachers.25.More information about Beginner Writing Project can be found at ________.A. /townerB. C. D. 三、完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一第一学期12月月考英语试卷(承智班)

河北定州中学2016-2017学年第一学期高一承智班12月考英语试卷一、选择题1.—Don’t always turn to particular patterns time after time in our life.—I agree. We would otherwise our thinking by rules or common attitude.A. inspectB. limitC. judgeD. recover2.— Traffic accidents are usually very hard to _____.— Sure enough, remember what we _____ the last one. It was troublesome.A. deal with; did withB. do with; dealt withC. deal with; do withD. do with; deal with3.This is a really different hotel _______19 floors with the roof _______a hanging garden.A. making up of; consisted ofB. consisting of; making upC. consisted of; taking upD. made up of; consisting of4. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _________ favors to them.A. in preference toB. in place ofC. in agreement withD. in exchange for5.The first decade of the 21st century _____ the breathtaking and non-stop development of China.A.witnesses B.witnessedC.will witnessD.had witnessed6.__________ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a s erious problemC. However serious a problemD. Whatever serious a problem7.It's management that's at fault _________ the work-force.A. other thanB. more thanC. rather thanD. less than8.—Helen is going to Manchester for further education next month.—I’m ______ because I have to stay at home and work.A. green with envyB. white as a sheetC. tickled pinkD. black and blue9.Time is pressing; it’s impossible for me to get there in an hour, ______ the possible delays.A.accounting for B.answering forC.allowing for D.heading for10.—The constant noise around here______ me crazy!—Calm down.It’s no use compla ining.A. drove B. drivesC. is driving D. had driven二、阅读理解Four years ago my sweet mom went to be with her Lord(上帝). She did it her way.I got the call at work, and I headed home quickly. Mom and Dad lived on a small farm that they had owned since I was seven. I hated going there every weekend. There was nothing for a young girl to do but watch the one station on the old TV set, if the weather allowed reception.My mom, on the other hand, loved the peace and quiet of the land. The place was rustic, with no indoor plumbing or heat. We had a big wood stove i n the kitchen that did its best to heat the little farmhouse, but it always seemed cold and too quiet to me.In the evenings, my mom and I would sit for hours singing in the little kitchen. I sang the melody and Mom harmonized. Her favorite song was "Moon River" and we sang it over and over. Mom told me stories about how when I was a little girl, I could sing before I could talk.As time passed, I had my own children and went to visit them every week or two. The kids loved the farm and the tractor rides with my dad. Me, well, I still hated the silence of the farm. While my mom loved to sit at her kitchen table and look out at her garden and flowers and retell all the old stories, I missed the hustle and bustle(喧闹)of my life。
河北定州中学2016-2017学年高一历史上学期第一次月考试题(承智班)

河北定州中学2016-2017学年第一学期高一承智班第一次月考历史试卷一、选择题1.读表1,据此不能得出的认识是表1中国古代行政区划简表A.县是中国历史上最稳定的一级政区B.州的地位呈现出由高到低的演进趋势C.政区层级的调整促进了地方自主性D.二级制和三级制是古代政区层级的主体2.元代行省的设置,无视历来与划界密切相关的几条最重要的山川边界的存在。
如陕西行省越过秦岭而有汉中盆地,江西行省跨过南岭而有广东。
统治者这么划界的主要意图是A.便于中央直接管理地方B.实行民族分化政策C.推行汉蒙二元统治D.防止出现地方割据3.元代《中庵集》卷十五中记载:“天子理万物,不能独为,责之中书。
中书,所以行天子之令,而制裁天者也,其事权不可不专。
”这反映了元朝A.皇权被削弱B.相权得到加强C.中书省独揽大权D.中书省职能专一4.西汉以前中国都城布局坐西朝东,东汉以后都城布局改为坐北朝南。
影响这一变化的主要因素是A.政治制度演进 B.主流思想变化C.商品经济发展 D.气候条件改变5.“至迟在公元前七世纪的末年,王畿内原邑的人民,便会以‘夫谁非王之亲’自夸”。
材料反映出A.“人民”以与周王室联姻为荣 B.分封制疏远了同族同宗的关系C.王畿内的人比诸侯国的地位高 D.宗法制把王庶子的后裔逐步推向社会下层6.据《左传》记载:“春秋时期晋平公之母为杞国女子,晋国(周成王弟弟叔虞的封国)因此帮助杞国(夏禹后代东楼公的封国)修筑城墙。
郑国批评说:‘晋国不恤周宗之阙,而夏肄是屏,其弃诸姬,亦可知也已。
诸姬是弃,其谁归之?是谓离德。
’”对以上材料理解最准确的是A.周王室对各诸侯国不分亲疏 B.宗法制度影响西周封国间的关系C.当时强调同宗族的国家相互帮助 D.周王和诸侯是宗法制的核心所在7.按唐代有关兵役法规定,男子二十一岁为成丁,开始服兵役,六十岁免兵役。
有一次简点使右仆射(丞相)封德彝等人要把当年征兵范围扩大到十八岁,虽然唐太宗已同意,诏敕也已草成,但受到魏征的坚决抵制。
河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一上学期周练(一)历史试题(承智班)

百强校河北定州中学:新高一承智班历史周练试题(一)一、单选题:共20题每题3分共60分1.清代学者赵翼提到:“宋开国时,设官分职,尚有定数。
其后荐辟之广,恩荫之滥,杂流之猥,祠禄之多,日增月益,遂至不可纪极”。
而明清时则可通过“捐纳”,即向政府交纳钱粮获得做官资格。
以上现象最能体现出()A.冗官现象在古代长期存在 B.科举制不断受到现实冲击C.中央失去选官用人权 D.从宋朝官僚政治开始衰落2.钱穆在《中国历代政治得失》中对古代某一地方制度作出了如下评价:“(它)就是一个……宰相府的派出所,分驻在这个地方来管事。
如是则地方绝无权,权只在中央。
”这一制度是()A.分封制 B.郡县制 C.郡国并行制 D.行省制3.太史公曰:“相如虽多虚辞滥说,然其要归引之节俭,此与《诗》之风谏何异?”据此可知,司马迁认为司马相如作赋A.重视吸收西汉败亡的教训 B.旨在批判当时的奢靡世风C.创作形式与《诗经》一致 D.注意克服文辞铺张的弊病4.钱穆在《秦汉史》中说:“要之汉初政局,大体因袭秦旧,未能多所改革。
此由汉廷君臣,多起草野,于贵族生活,初无染习,遂亦不识朝廷政治体制。
又未经文学诗书之陶冶,设施无所主张,而遽握政权,急切间惟有一仍秦旧,粗定规模。
”钱穆认为汉承秦制的主要原因是A.秦朝制度的稳定性和有效性B.汉初统治者出身平民C.受道家“无为而治”思想的影响D.社会平民的要求5.有学者认为,明代皇帝的批红权原则上不可超越票拟而径自为之,票拟则经过批红而成为行政命令。
君主如主动下手诏、中旨处理政事,也必须送内阁“商确可否”。
“圣意所予夺,亦必下内阁议而后行”,内阁如不同意,便可将手诏、中旨“封还”“执奏”,拒绝拟旨。
材料反映出明代A.君主专制遭到了削弱 B.皇帝借助内阁牵制朝中大臣C.出现近代内阁的雏形 D.内阁对皇权有一定制约作用6.唐初诏令,男20、女15即要结婚成家。
唐玄宗又敕令,男15、女13,听婚嫁。
其目的是A.促进一家一户生产方式的增长 B.促进男、女平等观念的形成C.打压早婚早育的传统风俗习惯 D.恢复社会稳定维护封建统治7.董仲舒说“夫长吏多出于郎中、中郎”,又有郎官多出自“任子”(指二千石以上官员任职满三年,可举子弟一人为郎)或“貲选”(非有市籍的商人,家资满十万,文帝时减为四万,可任郎官)。
河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一(承智班)12月月考数学试题 含答案

河北定州中学2016-2017学年第一学期高一承智班12月考数学试卷一、选择题1.若集合{|02},{|||1}A y y B x x =≤<=>,则R ()AB = A .{|01}x x ≤≤ B .{|12}x x ≤<C .{|10}x x -<≤D .{|12}x x <<2.已知a >0,且a ≠1,P =log a (a 3+1),Q =log a (a 2+1),则P ,Q 的大小关系是( ).A .P >QB .P =QC .P <QD .与a 的值有关3.下列函数与x y =有相同图象的一个函数是A .2y = B .x x y 2= C .)10(log ≠>=a a a y x a 且 D .x a a y log= 4.定义一种运算⎩⎨⎧>≤=⊗b a b b a a b a ,,,令t x x x x f -⊗-+=)23()(2(t 为常数) ,且[]3,3-∈x ,则使函数)(x f 的最大值为3的t 的集合是( )A .{}3,3-B .{}5,1-C .{}1,3-D .{}5,3,1,3--5.下列函数中,既是偶函数又在区间(0,1)上为增函数的是( )A.ln ||y x =B.2y x -= C.sin y x x =+ D 。
cos()y x =-6.设02log 2log <<b a ,则A.10<<<b a B 。
10<<<a bC.1>>b aD.1>>a b7.已知函数()y f x =在R 上为奇函数,且当0x ≥时,2()2f x x x =-,则当0x <时,()f x 的解析式是( )A .()(2)f x x x =-+B .()(2)f x x x =-C .()(2)f x x x =--D .()(2)f x x x =+8.已知函数()|21|x f x =-,a b c <<且()()()f a f c f b >>,则下列结论中,一定成立的是( )A .0,0,0a b c <<<B .0,0,0a b c <≥>C .22a c -<D .222a c +< 9.已知a =3log 5,b =4log5,则12log 25是( ) A .b a + B .)(21b a + C .ab D .ab 21 10.设函数()2x f x eax =+在()0,+∞上单调递增,则实数a 的取值范围为( ) A .[)1,-+∞ B .()1,-+∞ C .[)2,-+∞ D .()2,-+∞11.函数x x f x 4log 41)(-=的零点所在的区间是( ) A .)21,0( B .)2,1( C .)1,21( D .)4,2(12.记[]x 表示不超过x 的最大整数,如[][]1.31, 1.32=-=-.设函数()[]f x x x =-,若方程()1log af x x -=有且仅有3个实数根,则正实数a 的取值范围为( )A .(]3,4B .[)3,4C .[)2,3D .(]2,3二、填空题13.已知函数f (x)=a x +b(a >0,a ≠1)的定义域和值域都是[﹣1,0],则a+b= .14.若函数()()⎩⎨⎧<->=0,log 0,tan 2x x x x x f ,则⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛43πf f =________________. 15.已知函数()2ln log 1f x a x b x =++,()20163f =,则12016f ⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭ . 16.若关于x 的函数)0(sin 2)(222>++++=t tx x t x tx x f 的最大值为M , 最小值为N ,且4=+N M ,则实数t 的值为 .三、解答题17.已知集合)0}(221|{},510|{≠≤<-∈=≤+<∈=a x R x B ax R x A . (1)B A ,能否相等?若能,求出实数a 的值;若不能,试说明理由;(2)若命题A x p ∈:,命题B x q ∈:,且p 是q 充分不必要条件,求实数a 的取值范围.18.某公司一年需购买某种货物800吨,平均分成若干次进行购买, 每次购买的运费为5000,一年的总存储费用数值(单位:万元)恰好为每次的购买吨数数值,要使一年的总运费与总存储费用之和最小,求每次购买该种货物的吨数。
河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一英语12月月考试题

河北定州中学2016-2017学年第一学期高一12月考英语试卷一、选择题1.We’re very annoyed ____his mistake, because we have emphasized this for several times. A.with B.atC.on D.to2.— I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day.— Oh great!__________.A. Good luckB. Cheer upC. Same to youD. Keep it up3.The Internet has made ______ easier than ever to start a business.A. itB. thatC. thisD. One4. Not until _________the better qualities in ourselves_________expect to find them in others.A. have we developed; can weB. we have developed; that can weC. we have developed; can weD. can we develop; that we will5. When Lily worked as a nurse in the hospital, she experienced a joy in helping people ________ trouble.A. onB. inC. atD. of6.There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solvingB. solvedC. being solvedD.to be solved7.--Mum,I always feel everything is unfair to me.--Complaints in life ________ no sense,for things will be what they should be.A. make B. have madeC. will make D. are making8.—English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?-Yes. _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A.Known B.Knowing C.To know D.Know9.— Where did you get to know her?— It was on the farm _______ we worked.A. thatB. thereC. whereD. which10.Invited by China’s First Lady Peng Liyuan, US First Lady Michelle Obama visited China with her daughters in March this year, and the two ladies definitely attracted attention ________ fashion.A. in favour of B. in honor ofC. in terms of D. in case of二、阅读理解The Children’s Book-Show Competition is a chance for young readers to be writers. Reading, it seems, is coming back in fashion, if a survey by the famous National Literacy Trust (the NLT) is true. It shows that the percentage of children who admit enjoying reading has grown for the first time in the past 8 years.So it’s a good time to launch a competition that includes a shed-load of new books for schools as prizes. The Children’s Book-show Competition, backed by The Independent, is taking to the roads again from the start of next term, with a nation-wide tour of 15 big cities, featuring a line-up of a dozen children’s writers and illustrators(插图画家)aiming to persuade pupils to follow their footsteps.The competition, launched by the children’s writer and illustrator Jessica Souhami, has two categories: the under-nine’s and nine to 13-year-olds.Children are asked to choose their favorite fairy or folk tale and set it in an extraordinary place.Then they are to retell it with the aid of drawings and writings-whether it is set at sea, on a distant planet, in the future or in the past. The closing date for the competition is 30th November.“Tell your tale in pictures and in words, ”say the organizers of the competition. “It can be in a picture book or comic-book format.”The winner of each competition will receive a signed copy of a book by each of the 12 authorsinvolved in this year’s tour, plus £150 worth of books for their school. The runners-up will receive a signed copy of Souhami’s new book.11.What can we know about the Book-show Competition? _____A. It will be held by the famous NLT.B. It will be held in different cities.C. It has never been organized before.D. Children of all ages will join in it.12.The underlined word “backed” in Paragraph 3 means_____.A. startedB. promotedC. supportedD. reported13.What will be offered as a prize to schools? _________A. Pictures and comic booksB. Books worth £150 in all.C. Books signed by 12 authors.D. Jessica Souhami’s new books.14.The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to ______.A. encourage young readers to become writers.B. persuade all children to join in the competitionC. promote children’s books by famous writers.D. introduce the Children’s Book-Show CompetitionWhen I asked my daughter which item she would keep; the phone, the car, the cooker, the computer, the TV, or her boyfriend, she said “the phone”. Personally, I could do without the phone entirely, which makes me unusual. Because the telephone is changing our lives more than any other piece of technology.Point 1 The telephone creates the need to communicate, in the same way that more roads create more traffic. My daughter comes home from school at 4:00 pm and then spends an hour on the phone talking to the very people she has been at school with all day. If the phone did not exist, would she have anything to talk about?Point 2 The mobile phone m eans that we are never alone. “The mobile saved my life,”says Crystal Johnstone. She had an accident in her Volvo on the A45 between Otley and Skipton. Trapped inside, she managed to make the call that brought the ambulance(救护车) to her rescue.Point 3 The mobile removes our secret. It allows marketing manager of Haba Deutsch, Carl Nicolaisen, to ring his sales staff all round the world at any time of day to ask where they are , where they are going, and how their last meeting went.Point 4 The telephone separates us. Antonella Bramante in Rome says, “We worked in separate offices but I could see him through the window. It was easy to get his number. We were so near——but we didn’t meet for the first two weeks!”Point 5 The telephone allows us to reach out beyond our own lives. Today we can talk to several complete strangers simultaneously ( 同时地) on chat lines (at least my daughter does. I wouldn’t know what to talk about). We can talk across the world. We can even talk to astronauts (if you know any) while they’re space-walking. And, with the phone line hooked up to the computer, we can access(存取) the Internet, the biggest library on Earth. 15.How do you understand‘Point 1 —The telephone creates the need to communicate, …’?A. People don’t communicate without telephone.B. People communicate because of the creating of the telephone.C. People communicate more since telephone has been created.D. People communicate more because of more traffic.16.Which of the following best shows people’s attitude towards mobile phones?A. Mobile phones help people deal with the emergency.B. Mobile phones bring convenience as well as little secret to people.C. Mobile phones are so important and should be encouraged.D. Mobile phones are part of people’s life.17.It is possible to talk to several complete strangers simultaneously through _______.A. the TV screenB. a fax machineC. the phone line hooked up to the computerD. a microphone18.The best heading for the passage is _________.A. Phone PowerB. Kinds of PhoneC. How to Use PhonesD. Advantage of PhonesNo one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world,but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.In the United Kingdom,about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people:as we get older,many of us will become less mobile,hard of hearing or have falling eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities.Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases.The longer time goes on,the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents.Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by people’s attitude towards them.Disabled people face many physical barriers.Next time you go shopping or to work or to visit friends,imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or onto buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through,so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability,not their disability,which counts.19.The key word in Paragraph 4 is_______.A. disabilityB. ignoranceC. prejudiceD. Barriers20.The last word of the passage “counts” most probably means_______.A. being most importantB. being consideredC. being includedD. being numbered21.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even the able-bodied may lose some of their body functions when they get older.B. There are about 10 percent disabled persons in the UK.C. The whole society should pay attention to the barriers faced by the disabled people.D. There no longer exists prejudice against the disabled.22.It can be concluded from the passage that_______.A. we should try our best to prevent disablementB. both physical and mental barriers are hard to break downC. we must take a proper attitude towards the disabledD. the able-bodied people will never fully understand the disabled三、完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
河北省保定市定州中学2016-2017学年高一下学期第一次月考物理试卷(承智班)Word版含解析

2016-2017学年河北省保定市定州中学高一(下)第一次月考物理试卷(承智班)一、选择题1.一个做平抛运动的物体,从物体水平抛出开始发生水平位移为s的时间内,它在竖直方向的位移为d1;紧接着物体在发生第二个水平位移s的时间内,它在竖直方向发生的位移为d2.已知重力加速度为g,则做平抛运动的物体的初速度为()A.B.C.D.2.如图,以9.8m/s速度水平抛出的物体.飞行一段时间后.垂直撞在θ=30°的斜面上,可知物体完成这段飞行时间为()A.s B.s C.s D.2S3.如图所示,从倾角为θ的斜面顶端,以初速度v0将小球水平抛出,则小球落到斜面时的速度大小为()A.B.C.D.4.甲、乙两个物体都做匀速圆周运动.转动半径比为3:4,在相同的时间里甲转过60圈时,乙转过45圈,则它们所受的向心加速度之比为()A.3:4 B.4:3 C.4:9 D.9:165.下列关于曲线运动的说法中正确的是()A.曲线运动的速度一定变化,加速度也一定变化B.曲线运动的速度一定变化,做曲线运动的物体一定有加速度C.曲线运动的速度大小可以不变,所以做曲线运动的物体不一定有加速度D.在恒力作用下,物体不可能做曲线运动6.如图所示,以初速度9.8m/s水平抛出的物体,飞行一段时间后撞在倾角为300的斜面上,则物体在空中飞行的时间是()A.s B.s C.S D.2s8.甲、乙两物体都做匀速圆周运动,其质量之比为1:2,转动半径之比为1:2,在相等时间里甲转过60°,乙转过45°,则它们所受外力的合力之比为()A.1:4 B.2:3 C.4:9 D.9:169.一个机械钟的秒针的角速度为()A.πrad/s B.2πrad/s C.rad/s D.rad/s10.如图所示的皮带传动装置中,轮A和B同轴,A、B、C分别是三个轮边缘的质点,且R A=R C=2R B,则三质点的向心加速度之比a A:a B:a C等于()A.4:2:1 B.2:1:2 C.1:2:4 D.4:1:411.转笔(Pen Spinning)是一项用不同的方法与技巧、以手指来转动笔的休闲活动,如图所示.转笔深受广大中学生的喜爱,其中也包含了许多的物理知识,假设某转笔高手能让笔绕其上的某一点O做匀速圆周运动,下列有关该同学转笔中涉及到的物理知识的叙述正确的是()A.笔杆上的点离O点越近的,做圆周运动的向心加速度越小B.笔杆上的各点做圆周运动的向心力是由万有引力提供的C.若该同学使用中性笔,笔尖上的小钢珠有可能因快速的转动做离心运动被甩走D.若该同学使用的是金属笔杆,且考虑地磁场的影响,由于笔杆中不会产生感应电流,因此金属笔杆两端一定不会形成电势差12.在匀强电场和匀强磁场共存的区域内,电场的场强为E,方向竖直向下,磁场的磁感应强度为B,方向垂直于纸面向里,一质量为m的带电粒子,在场区内的竖直平面内做匀速圆周运动,则可判断该带电质点()A.带有电荷量为的正电荷B.沿圆周逆时针运动C.运动的角速度为D.运动的速率为13.如图,可视为质点的小球,位于半径为m半圆柱体左端点A的正上方某处,以一定的初速度水平抛出小球,其运动轨迹恰好能与半圆柱体相切于B点.过B点的半圆柱体半径与水平方向的夹角为60°,则初速度为:(不计空气阻力,重力加速度为g=10m/s2)()A.m/s B.4m/s C.3m/s D.m/s14.如图所示,在光滑绝缘水平面上有一半径为R的圆,AB是一条直径,空间有匀强电场场强大小为E,方向与水平面平行.在圆上A点有一发射器,以相同的动能平行于水平面沿不同方向发射带电量为+q的小球,小球会经过圆周上不同的点,在这些点中,经过C点的小球的动能最大.由于发射时刻不同时,小球间无相互作用,且∠α=30°.下列说法正确的是()A.电场的方向与AC间的夹角为30°B.电场的方向与AC间的夹角为60°C.小球在A点垂直电场方向发射,恰能落到C点,则初动能为qERD.小球在A点垂直电场方向发射,恰能落到C点,则初动能为qER15.一卫星绕地球沿椭圆轨道运动,A、C为椭圆轨道长轴端点,B、D为椭圆轨道短轴端点,关于卫星的运动,以下说法不正确的是()A.A点的速度可能大于7.9km/sB.C点的速度一定小于7.9km/sC.卫星在A点时引力的功率最大D.卫星由C运动到A万有引力的平均功率大于卫星由B运动到D万有引力的平均功率16.如图所示,可视为质点、质量为m的小球,在半径为R的竖直放置的光滑圆形管道内做圆周运动,下列有关说法中正确的是()A.小球通过最高点的最小速度为B.小球通过最高点的最小速度为0C.如果小球在最高点时的速度大小为,则此时小球给管道壁有坚直向下作用力D.如果小球在最低点时的速度大小为,则此时小球给管道间的压力大小为6mg17.如图所示,a为放在赤道上相对地球静止的物体,随地球自转做匀速圆周运动,b为沿地球表面附近做匀速圆周运动的人造卫星(轨道半径等于地球半径),c为地球的同步卫星,以下关于a、b、c的说法中正确的是()A.a、b、c的向心加速度大小关系为a b>a c>a aB.a、b、c的角速度大小关系为ωa>ωb>ωcC.a、b、c的线速度大小关系为V a=V b>V cD.a、b、c的周期关系为T a>T c>T b18.如图所示,悬挂在小车支架上的摆长为l的摆,小车与摆球一起以速度v0匀速向右运动.小车与矮墙相碰后立即停止(不弹回),则下列关于摆球上升能够达到的最大高度H的说法中,正确的是()A.若,则H=lB.若,则H=2lC.当v0很大时,可以使上升的最大高度D.上述说法都正确19.关于平抛运动和圆周运动,下列说法正确的是()A.平抛运动是匀变速曲线运动B.匀速圆周运动是速率不变的运动C.圆周运动是匀变速曲线运动D.做平抛运动的物体落地时的速度一定是竖直向下的20.如图所示,在水平圆盘上,沿半径方向放置用细线相连的质量相等的两物体A和B,它们与圆盘间的摩擦因数相同,当圆盘转速加大到两物体刚要发生滑动时烧断细线,则两个物体将要发生的运动情况是()A.两物体仍随圆盘一起转动,不会发生滑动B.只有A仍随圆盘一起转动,不会发生滑动C.两物体均滑半径方向滑动,A靠近圆心、B远离圆心D.两物体均滑半径方向滑动,A、B都远离圆心21.如图所示,两个半径不同内壁光滑的半圆轨道,固定于地面,一小球先后从与球心在同一高度上的A、B两点由静止自由滑下,通过最低点时,下列说法正确的是()A.小球对轨道底端的压力是相同的B.小球对轨道底端的压力是不同的,半径小的压力大C.通过最低点的速度不同,半径大的速度大D.通过最低点时向心加速度是相同的22.如图所示,甲、乙两颗卫星以相同的轨道半径分别绕质量为M和2M的行星做匀速圆周运动,以下说法正确的是()A.甲的运行周期比乙的大B.甲的运行周期比乙的小C.甲的向心加速度比乙的大D.甲的向心加速度比乙的小23.如图所示,固定的锥形漏斗内壁是光滑的,内壁上有两个质量相等的小球A 和B,在各自不同的水平面上做匀速圆周运动,以下说法正确的是()A.压力N A>N B B.ωA>ωB C.a A>a B D.v A>v B24.开口向上的半球形曲面的截面如图所示,直径AB水平.一小物块在曲面内A点以某一速率开始下滑,曲面内各处动摩擦因数不同,因摩擦作用物块下滑时速率不变,则下列说法正确的是()A.物块运动过程中加速度始终为零B.物块所受合外力恒定不变C.在滑到最低点C以前,物块所受摩擦力大小逐渐变小D.滑到最低点C时,物块所受重力的瞬时功率达到最大25.如图所示,水平光滑地面上停放着一辆质量为M 的小车,其左侧有半径为R 的四分之一光滑圆弧轨道AB,轨道最低点B 与水平轨道BC相切,整个轨道处于同一竖直平面内.将质量为m 的物块(可视为质点)从A 点无初速释放,物块沿轨道滑行至轨道末端C处恰好没有滑出.重力加速度为g,空气阻力可忽略不计.关于物块从A位置运动至C位置的过程,下列说法中正确的是()A.小车和物块构成的系统动量守恒B.摩擦力对物块和轨道BC所做功的代数和为零C.物块的最大速度为D.小车的最大速度为二、计算题26.如图是阿毛同学的漫画中出现的装置,描述了一个“吃货”用来做“糖炒栗子”的“萌”事儿:将板栗在地面小平台上以初速度v0经两个四分之一圆弧衔接而成的轨道,从最高点P飞出进入炒锅内,利用来回运动使其均匀受热.我们用质量为m的小滑块代替栗子,借这套装置来研究一些物理问题.设两个四分之一圆弧半径分别为2R和R,小平台和圆弧均光滑.将过锅底的纵截面看作是两个斜面AB、CD和一段光滑圆弧组成.两斜面倾角均为θ=37°,滑块的运动始终在包括锅底最低点的竖直平面内,重力加速度为g.设滑块恰好能经P点飞出,且恰好沿AB 斜面进入锅内.已知sin37°=0.6,cos37°=0.8,求:(1)滑块经过O点时对轨道压力多大?(2)滑块经P点时的速度大小?(3)P、A两点间的水平距离为多少?27.(理)如图所示的半圆形光滑轨道,半径为R,固定于水平面上,最高点C 和最低点A切线均水平,一质量为m的物体由A点以水平速度V0(未知)进入半圆轨道.求(1)V0至少多大,才能使物体通过C点(2)物体刚进入半圆轨道时对轨道的压力.2016-2017学年河北省保定市定州中学高一(下)第一次月考物理试卷(承智班)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题1.一个做平抛运动的物体,从物体水平抛出开始发生水平位移为s的时间内,它在竖直方向的位移为d1;紧接着物体在发生第二个水平位移s的时间内,它在竖直方向发生的位移为d2.已知重力加速度为g,则做平抛运动的物体的初速度为()A.B.C.D.【考点】平抛运动.【分析】物体做平抛运动,我们可以把平抛运动可以分解为水平方向上的匀速直线运动,和竖直方向上的自由落体运动来求解,两个方向上运动的时间相同.【解答】解:从运动开始到发生水平位移s的时间内,它在竖直方向的位移为d1;根据平抛运动的规律可得水平方向上:s=V0t竖直方向上:d1=gt2联立可以求得初速度V0=s,所以B正确;在竖直方向上,物体做自由落体运动,根据△x=gT2可得d2﹣d1=gT2,所以时间的间隔T=,所以平抛的初速度V0==s,所以A正确;再根据匀变速直线运动的规律可知,所以从一开始运动物体下降的高度为,由=,可得物体运动的时间间隔为t=,所以平抛的初速度V0==s,所以D正确;故选ABD.2.如图,以9.8m/s速度水平抛出的物体.飞行一段时间后.垂直撞在θ=30°的斜面上,可知物体完成这段飞行时间为()A.s B.s C.s D.2S【考点】平抛运动.【分析】研究平抛运动的方法是把平抛运动分解到水平方向和竖直方向去研究,水平方向做匀速直线运动,竖直方向做自由落体运动,两个方向上运动的时间相同.【解答】解:物体做平抛运动,当垂直地撞在倾角为30°的斜面上时,速度与斜面垂直,把物体的速度分解如图所示.由图可知,此时物体的竖直方向上的分速度的大小为:v y=由v y=gt可得运动的时间:t===s=s,故选:A.3.如图所示,从倾角为θ的斜面顶端,以初速度v 0将小球水平抛出,则小球落到斜面时的速度大小为( )A .B .C .D . 【考点】平抛运动.【分析】熟练应用平抛运动过程中位移与水平方向夹角θ的表达式:,求出竖直方向速度,然后根据即可求出落到斜面上时的速度.【解答】解:小球落到斜面上时有:,所以竖直方向速度为v y =gt=2v 0tanθ所以物体落到斜面上的速度为=,故ABD 错误,C 正确.故选C .4.甲、乙两个物体都做匀速圆周运动.转动半径比为3:4,在相同的时间里甲转过60圈时,乙转过45圈,则它们所受的向心加速度之比为( ) A .3:4 B .4:3 C .4:9 D .9:16 【考点】向心加速度.【分析】根据角速度定义ω=可知甲、乙的角速度之比,再由向心加速度公式a=ω2r可以求出他们的向心加速度之比.【解答】解:相同时间里甲转过60圈,乙转过45圈,根据角速度定义ω=可知ω1:ω2=4:3由题意r1:r2=3:4根据a=ω2r得:a1:a2=4:3故选B5.下列关于曲线运动的说法中正确的是()A.曲线运动的速度一定变化,加速度也一定变化B.曲线运动的速度一定变化,做曲线运动的物体一定有加速度C.曲线运动的速度大小可以不变,所以做曲线运动的物体不一定有加速度D.在恒力作用下,物体不可能做曲线运动【考点】物体做曲线运动的条件.【分析】物体运动轨迹是曲线的运动,称为“曲线运动”.当物体所受的合外力和它速度方向不在同一直线上,物体就是在做曲线运动.【解答】解:A、D、既然是曲线运动,它的速度的方向必定是改变的,在恒力作用下,物体可以做曲线运动,如平抛运动,加速度始终是g,保持不变.故AD 错误;B、C、既然是曲线运动,它的速度的方向必定是改变的,所以曲线运动一定是变速运动,加速度不为零,故C错误,B正确;故选:B.6.如图所示,以初速度9.8m/s水平抛出的物体,飞行一段时间后撞在倾角为300的斜面上,则物体在空中飞行的时间是()A.s B.s C.S D.2s【考点】平抛运动.【分析】平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动,在竖直方向上做自由落体运动,根据竖直位移和水平位移的关系求出物体飞行的时间.【解答】解:根据tan30°===得飞行的时间为:t==s=s故选:B.8.甲、乙两物体都做匀速圆周运动,其质量之比为1:2,转动半径之比为1:2,在相等时间里甲转过60°,乙转过45°,则它们所受外力的合力之比为()A.1:4 B.2:3 C.4:9 D.9:16【考点】向心力.【分析】根据角速度定义ω=可知甲、乙的角速度之比,再由向心力公式F向=mω2r可以求出他们的向心力之比.【解答】解:相同时间里甲转过60°角,乙转过45°角,根据角速度定义ω=可知:ω1:ω2=4:3由题意:r1:r2=1:2m1:m2=1:2根据公式式F向=mω2rF1:F2=m1ω12r1:m2ω22r2=4:9故选:C.9.一个机械钟的秒针的角速度为()A.πrad/s B.2πrad/s C.rad/s D.rad/s【考点】线速度、角速度和周期、转速.【分析】角速度等于单位时间质点与圆心连线绕过的角速度,根据一个周期内秒针转过的角速度求出秒针的角速度.【解答】解:秒针的周期T=60s,转过的角度为2π,则角速度ω==rad/s=rad/s.故选:D.10.如图所示的皮带传动装置中,轮A和B同轴,A、B、C分别是三个轮边缘的质点,且R A=R C=2R B,则三质点的向心加速度之比a A:a B:a C等于()A.4:2:1 B.2:1:2 C.1:2:4 D.4:1:4【考点】线速度、角速度和周期、转速.【分析】要求线速度之比需要知道三者线速度关系:B、C两轮是皮带传动,皮带传动的特点是皮带和轮子接触点的线速度的大小相同,A、B两轮是轴传动,轴传动的特点是角速度相同.【解答】解:由于B轮和C轮是皮带传动,皮带传动的特点是两轮与皮带接触点的线速度的大小与皮带的线速度大小相同,故v C=v B,∴v B:v C=1:1由于A轮和B轮共轴,故两轮角速度相同,即ωA=ωB,故ωA:ωB=1:1由角速度和线速度的关系式v=ωR可得v A:v B=R A:R B=2:1∴v A:v B:v C=2:1:1又因为R A=R C=2R B根据a=得:a A:a B:a C=4:2:1故选:A.11.转笔(Pen Spinning)是一项用不同的方法与技巧、以手指来转动笔的休闲活动,如图所示.转笔深受广大中学生的喜爱,其中也包含了许多的物理知识,假设某转笔高手能让笔绕其上的某一点O做匀速圆周运动,下列有关该同学转笔中涉及到的物理知识的叙述正确的是()A.笔杆上的点离O点越近的,做圆周运动的向心加速度越小B.笔杆上的各点做圆周运动的向心力是由万有引力提供的C.若该同学使用中性笔,笔尖上的小钢珠有可能因快速的转动做离心运动被甩走D.若该同学使用的是金属笔杆,且考虑地磁场的影响,由于笔杆中不会产生感应电流,因此金属笔杆两端一定不会形成电势差【考点】向心力;牛顿第二定律.【分析】A、根据向心加速度公式a n=ω2R,即可确定向心加速度大小;B、各点做圆周运动的向心力是杆的弹力提供;C、当提供的向心力小于需要向心力,则会出现离心现象;D、根据电磁感应现象,结合地磁场,从而判定是否感应电动势,及感应电流.【解答】解:A、由向心加速度公式a n=ω2R,笔杆上的点离O点越近的,做圆周运动的向心加速度越小,故A正确;B、杆上的各点做圆周运动的向心力是由杆的弹力提供的,与万有引力无关,故B错误;C、当转速过大时,当提供的向心力小于需要向心力,出现笔尖上的小钢珠有可能做离心运动被甩走,故C正确;D、当金属笔杆转动时,切割地磁场,从而产生感应电动势,但不会产生感应电流,故D错误;故选:AC.12.在匀强电场和匀强磁场共存的区域内,电场的场强为E,方向竖直向下,磁场的磁感应强度为B,方向垂直于纸面向里,一质量为m的带电粒子,在场区内的竖直平面内做匀速圆周运动,则可判断该带电质点()A.带有电荷量为的正电荷B.沿圆周逆时针运动C.运动的角速度为D.运动的速率为【考点】带电粒子在混合场中的运动;牛顿第二定律;向心力.【分析】粒子做匀速圆周运动,根据重力和电场力平衡以及洛伦兹力提供向心力分析判断.【解答】解:A、带电粒子在竖直平面内做匀速圆周运动,有mg=qE,求得电荷量q=,根据电场强度方向和电场力方向相反判断出粒子带负电,故A错误;B、粒子带负电,已知任意位置的洛伦兹力方向和磁场方向,由左手定则可判断粒子的速度方向,故粒子沿顺时针方向运动,故B错误;C、D、由qvB=mvω得ω===,故C正确;D、在速度选择器装置中才有v=,故D错误;故选C.13.如图,可视为质点的小球,位于半径为m半圆柱体左端点A的正上方某处,以一定的初速度水平抛出小球,其运动轨迹恰好能与半圆柱体相切于B点.过B点的半圆柱体半径与水平方向的夹角为60°,则初速度为:(不计空气阻力,重力加速度为g=10m/s2)()A.m/s B.4m/s C.3m/s D.m/s【考点】平抛运动.【分析】根据平抛运动速度与水平方向夹角的正切值等于位移与水平方向夹角正切值的2倍,求出竖直方向上的位移,从而求出竖直方向上的分速度,根据速度方向求出平抛运动的初速度.【解答】解:飞行过程中恰好与半圆轨道相切于B点,知速度与水平方向的夹角为30°,设位移与水平方向的夹角为θ,则有:tanθ==.因为tanθ==.则竖直位移为:y=R,=2gy=R所以,tan30°=.联立以上各式解得:v0===3m/s故选:C.14.如图所示,在光滑绝缘水平面上有一半径为R的圆,AB是一条直径,空间有匀强电场场强大小为E,方向与水平面平行.在圆上A点有一发射器,以相同的动能平行于水平面沿不同方向发射带电量为+q的小球,小球会经过圆周上不同的点,在这些点中,经过C点的小球的动能最大.由于发射时刻不同时,小球间无相互作用,且∠α=30°.下列说法正确的是()A.电场的方向与AC间的夹角为30°B.电场的方向与AC间的夹角为60°C.小球在A点垂直电场方向发射,恰能落到C点,则初动能为qERD.小球在A点垂直电场方向发射,恰能落到C点,则初动能为qER【考点】带电粒子在匀强电场中的运动.【分析】小球在匀强电场中,从A点运动到C点,根据动能定理qU AC=E k,因为到达C点时的小球的动能最大,所以U AC最大,即在圆周上找不到与C电势相等的点.所以与C点电势相等的点在过C点的切线上.再根据电场线与等势线垂直,可以画出电场线,即可确定电场的方向.小球做类平抛运动,根据平抛运动的知识分析小球的运动情况,分别在水平方向和竖直方向上列式求解初动能.【解答】解:A、B、小球在匀强电场中,从a点运动到c点,根据动能定理qU AC=E k,因为到达C点时的小球的动能最大,所以U AC最大,则在圆周上找不到与C电势相等的点.且由A到C电场力对小球做正功.过C点作切线,则CF为等势线.过A点作CF的垂线,则该线为电场线,场强方向如图示.因为∠CAB=30°,则连接CO,∠ACO=30°,所以电场方向与AC间的夹角θ为30°;故A正确,B错误.C、D、小球只受电场力,做类平抛运动.水平方向上:x=Rcos30°=v0t,竖直方向上:y=R+Rsin30°=,由以上两式得:E k=mv02=qER;故C错误,D正确.故选:AD.15.一卫星绕地球沿椭圆轨道运动,A、C为椭圆轨道长轴端点,B、D为椭圆轨道短轴端点,关于卫星的运动,以下说法不正确的是()A.A点的速度可能大于7.9km/sB.C点的速度一定小于7.9km/sC.卫星在A点时引力的功率最大D.卫星由C运动到A万有引力的平均功率大于卫星由B运动到D万有引力的平均功率【考点】万有引力定律及其应用.【分析】根据万有引力提供向心力,得出线速度与轨道半径的关系,比较出在C 点做圆周运动的线速度与第一宇宙速度的大小关系,从而确定C点的速度与第一宇宙速度的大小.根据引力和速度的方向关系得出A点的引力功率为零.根据做功的大小,结合平均功率公式比较平均功率的大小.【解答】解:A、贴近地球表面做圆周运动的线速度为7.9km/s,是做圆周运动最大的环绕速度,A点的速度可能大于7.9km/s,万有引力小于向心力,做离心运动,故A正确.B、根据v=知,在C绕地球做匀速圆周运动的线速度小于7.9km/s,欲使在C 点进入圆轨道,需加速,可知C点的速度一定小于7.9km/s,故B正确.C、在A点万有引力的方向与速度方向垂直,则引力功率为零,故C错误.D、卫星从C到A的过程中,动能增加,引力做正功,从B到D的过程中,动能不变,引力做功为零,可知卫星由C运动到A万有引力的平均功率大于卫星由B运动到D万有引力的平均功率,故D正确.本题选错误的,故选:C.16.如图所示,可视为质点、质量为m的小球,在半径为R的竖直放置的光滑圆形管道内做圆周运动,下列有关说法中正确的是()A.小球通过最高点的最小速度为B.小球通过最高点的最小速度为0C.如果小球在最高点时的速度大小为,则此时小球给管道壁有坚直向下作用力D.如果小球在最低点时的速度大小为,则此时小球给管道间的压力大小为6mg【考点】向心力;牛顿第二定律.【分析】圆形管道内能支撑小球,小球能够通过最高点时的最小速度为0.小球在最高点时的速度大小为2时,由牛顿第二定律求出小球受到的管道的作用力大小和方向,再由牛顿第三定律分析小球对管道的作用力.在最低点时的速度大小为时,同样根据牛顿第二定律求出小球受到的管道的作用力大小和方向.【解答】解:A、B、圆形管道内能支撑小球,小球能够通过最高点时的最小速度为0,故A错误,B正确;C、设管道对小球的弹力大小为F,方向竖直向下.由牛顿第二定律得mg+F=m,v=2,代入解得F=3mg>0,方向竖直向下.根据牛顿第三定律得知:小球对管道的弹力方向竖直向上,即小球对管道的外壁有作用力.故C错误;D、重力和支持力的合力提供向心力,根据牛顿第二定律,有:N﹣mg=m,解得:N=mg+m=mg+m=6mg;根据牛顿第三定律,球对管道的压力大小为6mg;故D正确;故选BD.17.如图所示,a为放在赤道上相对地球静止的物体,随地球自转做匀速圆周运动,b为沿地球表面附近做匀速圆周运动的人造卫星(轨道半径等于地球半径),c为地球的同步卫星,以下关于a、b、c的说法中正确的是()A.a、b、c的向心加速度大小关系为a b>a c>a aB.a、b、c的角速度大小关系为ωa>ωb>ωcC.a、b、c的线速度大小关系为V a=V b>V cD.a、b、c的周期关系为T a>T c>T b【考点】人造卫星的加速度、周期和轨道的关系.【分析】对于地球赤道上的物体与同步卫星,它们具有相同的角速度和周期,根据v=rω,a=rω2比较线速度的大小和向心加速度的大小.对于b、c两卫星,根据万有引力提供向心力,比较b、c的线速度、角速度、周期和向心加速度大小,再比较三个物体各个量的大小.【解答】解:A、地球赤道上的物体a与地球同步卫星c角速度相同的,即ωa=ωc,根据a=rω2知,c的向心加速度大于a的向心加速度.即有a c>a a.对于b、c两卫星,根据a=,知b的向心加速度大于c的向心加速度,即有a b>a c.所以有a b>a c>a a.故A正确.B、对于b、c两卫星,由ω==,知ωb>ωc,所以有ωb>ωc=ωa.故B错误.C、地球赤道上的物体与同步卫星具有相同的角速度,所以ωa=ωc,根据v=rω,c。
高一化学12月月考试卷(承智班,含解析)(2021年整理)

编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(河北省定州市2016-2017学年高一化学12月月考试卷(承智班,含解析))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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一、选择题1.CsICl2是一种碱金属的化合物,这类物质在化学反应中既可表现氧化性又可表现还原性,有关该物质的说法正确的是A.Cs显+3价,I、Cl均显-1价B.在CsICl2溶液中通入SO2气体,有硫酸生成C.Cs显+1价,Cl显+1价,I显-3价D.在CsICl2溶液中通入Cl2,有单质碘生成【答案】B【解析】【考点定位】考查氧化还原反应【名师点晴】本题考查氧化还原反应,明确物质中各元素的化合价是解答本题的关键,注意化合价降低表现氧化性,化合价升高表现还原性。
本题中CsICl2是一种碱金属的多卤化物,Cs 为+1价,I为+1价,Cl为-1价。
氧化剂得电子被还原,化合价降低,发生还原反应,得到的产物为还原产物;还原剂失电子被氧化,化合价升高,发生氧化反应,得到的产物为氧化产物。
2.N A为阿伏伽德罗常数,下列叙述正确..的是A.7。
8 g Na2O2中含有的阴离子数等于0.2N AB.0.1 mol 16OD- 离子含有的电子、中子数均为1.0N AC.常温常压下,42g乙烯和丁烯混合气体中,极性键数为 6 N AD.密闭容器中2 mol NO与1 mol O2充分反应,产物的分子数为2N A【答案】C【解析】试题分析:A、7.8g过氧化钠的物质的量为0.1mol,而过氧化钠中含2个钠离子和1个过氧根,故0。
河北省定州市高一物理12月月考试题(含解析)(2021年整理)

河北省定州市2016-2017学年高一物理12月月考试题(含解析)编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(河北省定州市2016-2017学年高一物理12月月考试题(含解析))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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河北省定州市2016-2017学年高一物理12月月考试题(含解析) 一、选择题1.下列说法正确的是()A.在国际单位制中,“牛顿"是力学的三个基本单位之一B.选择不同的参考系对同一运动的描述是相同的C.位移、速度、力都是矢量D.小球做竖直上抛运动时,速度不断减小,惯性不断减小【答案】C【解析】考点:基本概念2.如图所示,A、B两木块的质量分别为1kg和O。
5kg.已知A与水平桌面的最大静摩擦力为2N,则要保持A、B静止(不计滑轮处摩擦),加在A上的水平向左的拉力F可以为( )(取g=10m/s2)A.1N B.3N C.6N D.9N【答案】BC【解析】试题分析:当A有向右的运动趋势时,物体处于静止状态受到平衡力的作用,水平向左受到最大静摩擦力和最小的拉力,水平向右的力是B对A的拉力,F’=G=mg=0.5kg×10N/kg=5N.所以:F+2N=5N,F=3N当A有向左的运动趋势时,物体处于静止状态受到平衡力的作用,水平向右受到最大静摩擦力和B对A的拉力F’=G=mg=0.5kg×10N/kg=5N,水平向左的力是最大的拉力F.所以:F=2N+5N,F=7N.故BC正确,AD错误;故选:BC.考点: 力的平衡【名师点睛】物体静止或匀速直线运动时受到平衡力的作用.物体水平方向上处于静止状态,而且有运动趋势,根据物体有向左或向右的运动趋势且摩擦力达到最大静摩擦力时拉力为最小或最大,列出平衡方程,求出拉力的范围,只要在这个范围内的拉力都是有可能的。
河北省定州中学2016-2017学年高一(承智班)下学期第一次月考历史试题含答案

高一历史月考承智班试题一、选择题(每题2分,共64分)1、19世纪末问世的《适可斋记言》写道:“江浙妇女贪上海租界佣价之昂,趋之若鹜,伸有弃家者,此未见者也。
”“自租界北辟,男以商贩营生而奢华渐起,女以纱丝工作而礼教鲜存也。
声气远播之后,内地妇女之妄想自由,误用自由者,逐相率至沪,父母丈夫不能阻也。
”这反映近代中国( )A.出现男女平等的社会潮流 B.传统农业社会的观念受到冲击C.西方资本主义思想对中国的影响增强 D.男耕女织小农经济解体2、下图是浙江杭州某地城乡居民年人均收入表,图中城乡收入差距最小的历史时段出现的主要原因是A.农村率先改革,城市改革处于试点期 B.农村经济体制存在着严重束缚C.全方位对外开放格局已经形成 D.社会主义市场经济体制的确立3、德国学者弗兰克在《白银资本》中记载:在1500年到1800年的三百年间.中国成了全世界白银的“秘窖”,欧洲殖民者从拉丁美洲掠夺来的白银,有一半最终都运抵中国.这主要是( )A.中国古代手工业高度发达B.中国商业环境相对宽松C.中国重农抑商政策的松动D.中国新经济因素的资本原始积累4、有学者研究材料发现:宋代的商税率大致为3%和2%,国家权力对商业的征税力度,比农业要低得多;清代商人出现亏损时,统治者常常要“优商”、“恤商"。
与之相比,统治者很少在农家收成下降时优恤农民。
据此得出结论:封建统治者实际上实施的是“重商抑农”而不是“重农抑商”政策。
下列分析最合理的是( )A.该学者所用材料确凿完备,结论正确并有创新B.结论与课本知识不相符,材料缺乏考古学支持C.材料不充分,仅用该材料得出的结论难以成立D.说明统治者抑制或重视的是特定的人群,而不是特定的行业5、明末有人描述江南农村的变化时说,百年前的雇工“戴星出入,俗柔顺而主令尊”,如今“骄惰成风,非酒食不能劝”“夏必加下点心,冬必与早粥”。
这一变化反映了()。
A. 市镇经济与手工业的发展B. 政府积极推行重农政策C. 社会矛盾日益尖锐D. 农业中人身依附关系强化6、明朝时“北土广树艺而昧于织,南土精织而寡于艺,故棉则方舟而鬻于南,布则方舟而鬻于北"。
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河北定州中学2016-2017学年第一学期高一承智班12月考历史试卷一、选择题1.建国初期,我国制定了《土地改革法》、《惩治反革命条例》、《婚姻法》、《工会法》、《惩治贪污条例》、《人民法院暂行组织条例》等一系列重要法律。
1954年又通过了《中华人民共和国宪法》。
从1949年到1957年,中央制定的较重要的法规性文件共1261件。
这说明建国初期()A.我国全面学习苏联的立法经验B.法律为向社会主义过渡发挥了重要作用C.政协很好地代行了人大的职能D.工业化建设和三大改造推动了立法工作2.“永乐时,内阁初设,阁臣与部臣为平交,至严嵩始阴挠部权,迨张居正时,部权尽归内阁。
”材料表明:A.六部成为内阁的下属机构B.内阁地位上升,职权逐步强化C.明朝中后期皇权渐趋衰弱D.内阁职能强化,行政效率提高3.据秦琅邪石刻,皇帝之士,西涉流沙,东有东海。
但西汉学者编写的《淮南子》等书说颛顼帝即已“西济于流沙”,大禹“东渐于海,西被于流沙”,更有“纣之地,左东海,右流沙”。
上述差异最能说明()A《淮南子》等书以传说贬抑秦始皇B年代之远导致历史记述莫衷一是C历史材料的运用首先要辨别真伪D石刻与文献形成证据链印证历史4.宋仁宗曾说:“措置天下事,正不欲专从朕出。
若自朕出,皆是则可,有一不然,难以遽改。
不若付之公议,令宰相行之。
行之而天下不以为便,则台谏公言其失,改之为易。
”材料中的现象产生的主要作用是()A.降低决策失误以维护统治B.提高言官地位以加强集权C.通过权力制衡以巩固皇权D.通过行政分工以提高效率5.清人李富孙指出,封建制使得“诸侯可骄不可叛,故周室得以久安”。
秦代废封建改郡县,是“矫一时之弊而适贻后世之害”。
对李富孙观点解读正确的是()A. 封建制优于郡县制B. 封建制能保证清朝长治久安C. 郡县制毫无进步性D. 郡县制是秦朝灭亡主要原因6.毛泽东认为,要实现无产阶级对新民主主义革命的领导权,关键在于解决好占中国人口80%以上的农民问题。
中国共产党所采取的下列措施中,能够体现毛泽东这一思想的是( ) A.在农村开展土地革命,打土豪,分田地B.建立农业生产合作社,对农业进行改造C.发起人民公社化运动,提高土地公有化D.实行家庭联产承包责任制,解放生产力7.多极化发展趋势中的哪一“极”用“瘦死的骆驼比马大”来评价最恰当()A. 中国B. 日本C. 欧盟D. 俄罗斯8.“密折”一词始用于康熙朝,最初为一种特权,仅限于少数亲信官员等使用。
康熙五十一年前后,地方和中央人员才普遍获得奏折权。
雍正帝继位以后,又给予道员、知府、同知、副将一级的官员密上奏折的权力。
据统计,当时上密折的人数已达到1000人以上.这表明A.清朝中央政府决策的开放性B.专制主义中央集权达到顶峰C.中央的政治权力进一步加强D.清朝加强了对人民的控制和镇压9.下列有关秦朝郡县制的表述,不正确的是( )A.秦始皇是郡县制的创立者B.郡是最高地方行政机构C.郡县长官由朝廷直接任命D.曾经在全国范围内实行10.古希腊城邦雅典的公共墓地主要用于埋葬牺牲的战士,城邦为他们树立墓碑,刻上所有牺牲者的名字,但并不写明他们的家世。
这旨在强调( )A.城邦公民的平等B.军事对城邦的重要性C.共同的宗教信仰D.血缘对城邦维系的作用11.从《天朝田亩制度》到《资政新篇》体现了太平天国运动的进步历史倾向。
但从内容上看,两者也存在共同的局限性,其表现有( )①不能对当时社会矛盾做出正确认识②具有强烈的小农意识③只学习西方先进技术④缺乏坚实的社会基础A.①② B.①④C.②③ D.①③12.辛亥革命后建立了民主共和国,但此后专制政权又相继建立。
可为这一历史现象提供较合理解释的是( )A.虽然今日之共和,第有其表面已。
人民既乏国民之常识,而于风俗习惯犹未改革B.民国初年,“政党群兴,党争随起”C.民国元年,政党政治、议会政治高唱入云,党团林立,五彩缤纷D.专制殿堂的崩坍,中华民国的成立,民主法令的公布,《临时约法》的颁发13.福建土楼已被列入世界文化遗产名录,在著名的承启楼前有一幅楹联:“一本所生,亲疏无多,何须待分你我;共楼居住,出入相见,最易结重人伦”。
该联所体现的文化内涵源于下列哪一种制度()A.郡县制 B.分封制C.宗法制 D.内外服制14.英国君主立宪制与德国君主立宪制的相同点是①国王(皇帝)可以世袭②国王(皇帝)为国家元首③内阁总理(宰相)由议会选举产生④都促进了资本主义经济的发展A.①②③B. ②③④C. ①②④D. ①③④15.北京故宫中清朝中央某机构遗址有如下文字介绍:“……接折(阅读奏折)——见面(请皇帝旨)——述旨(拟皇帝旨意)——过朱(皇帝过目确定)——交发(下发旨意)”这说明该机构的主要职能是( )A.辅佐皇帝,随侍左右 B.跪奏笔录,上传下达C.陪读陪写,参与决策 D.掌管军队,谋划战事16.在谈到明朝内阁的作用时,有学者指出:“内阁成员犯不着为了皇帝去得罪其他文官,事实上他们也没有这个权力。
没有宰相的权力和地位,却要承担宰相的罪责,去充当皇帝的挡箭牌、替罪羊,这是任何明智的人都不会去做的事情。
”这意在说明内阁的设立A. 不利于政府机构间的协调与督察B.加强了对百官的监察C. 弥补了明太祖废丞相带来的弊端D.直接导致了皇权削弱17.有学者评价某一历史事件时认为,罢除中书省,六部尚书归皇帝直接领导。
“这样,皇帝既为国家元首,又为行政首脑。
”该学者评价的是A.秦始皇创立皇帝制B.唐朝完善三省六部制C.明朝废除丞相制度D.雍正皇帝设立军机处18.《历史大脉络》中谈到“中国人以为繁荣安定的景观是田畴相接,庄稼丰茂.精耕细作的农业,为中国人的饮食开发出不少美味佳肴,其中最为丰富的成分是碳水化合物(淀粉)、纤维质与素食的蛋白质。
”《剑桥古代史》中描述到:雅典人“不仅可以享受阿提卡的橄榄油和葡萄酒,而且可以食用黑海的谷物和干鱼。
”以下关于古代中国和雅典饮食的比较错误的是A.都非常注重美食的开发,美食品种多样B.中国美食以粮食等素食为主,古希腊副食种类丰富C.两者不同的饮食习惯源于政治体制的差异D.两者的不同与自然环境关系密切19.在英国女王伊丽莎白二世登基60周年之际,美国总统奥巴马发布了个人视频予以祝贺:“总统和首相们来来去去,但您仍在位。
愿您皇冠的光芒继续闪耀在未来。
”对此认识正确的是( )A.“皇冠的光芒”是因为英国女王拥有最高行政权B.“总统和首相们来来去去”是因为总统和首相都由选举产生并实行任期制C.美国总统和英国首相都必须对国会(议会)负责D.“光芒继续闪耀在未来”表明英王在国家政治生活中起着一定的作用20.北宋基本解决了地方分权与中央集权的矛盾,其主要措施是①文官任州郡长官②枢密使的设立③通判的设置④三司使的设置A.①③ B.①③④ C.①②③ D.①②③④21.1875年,议会通过法兰西第三共和国宪法,从法律上确立法国为共和政体。
宪法规定总统()A.是由选民直接选举产生 B. 是由选民间接选举产生C. 由参众两院联席会议选出D. 由下议院多数党领袖担任22.据《明神宗实录》载,“大学士叶向高言:我朝阁臣,只备论思顾问之职,原非宰相。
中有一二权势稍重者,皆上窃君上之威灵,下侵六曹(注:即六部)之职掌,终以取祸。
”下面有关明朝内阁的说法,正确的是()A.阁臣有宰相之名,无宰相之权B.阁臣无宰相之名,行宰相之权C.六部实为内阁的下属机构D.阁臣参与机密事务决策,但没有法定决策权23.日本从1895年至1945年对台湾实行殖民统治五十年,是根据甲午战争签订的:A.《天津条约》 B.《马关条约》C.《北京条约》 D.《辛丑条约》24.英国的漫画家创作了题为《玛丽安娜女郎(法国的象征)终于挑好帽子了》的漫画。
画中的房间衣物凌乱,女郎站在镜子前面,终于挑好并戴上了象征共和制度的三色帽。
这幅漫画的含义是( )A.法国的政治制度像女郎的时装,可以随时改变B.法国的共和制度像女郎的帽子,只是装饰品C.法国的政治制度像女郎一样软弱无能D.法国的共和制度经过长时间的变动才确定下来25.南京国民政府建立初期,便把交通建设列为国家经济建设要政,1931年和1935年分别以南方地区和华北为重点加快国防公路建设,到1937年7月,全国公路网基本形成。
这说明A.民族危机推动公路建设的起步B.国共内战加速公路建设的完成C.政局变化影响公路建设的格局D.派系斗争影响公路建设的进程26.“岱宗夫如何?齐鲁青未了。
”杜甫诗中以“齐鲁”称谓山东是源于( )A.分封制 B.宗法制C.郡县制 D.行省制27.426年,罗马帝国颁布《引证法》规定:凡在法律上遇到难题而成文法无明确规定时,则依照五大法学家(生活于二三世纪之交)的法律著述来解决——若他们的著述观点有分歧,则以多数为准;如果形成多数,则以伯比尼安(五大法学家之一)的观点为准;如伯比尼安未有意见表示,则由执法者自行选择。
这则材料说明在当时罗马帝国司法裁判中()A.执法者具有任意裁判之权B.五大法学家的意志可凌驾于法律之上C.贵族意志等同于法律条文一D.五大法学家的法律著述具有法律效力28.下面漫画反映了2003年3月美国开始宣布对伊拉克作战时欧洲盟国所持的态度。
此漫画实际上反映了( )(Nien,Non均为反对之意)A.美国建立起了单极世界霸权B.欧洲各国开始联合抵制美国C.世界政治格局的多极化趋势D.美欧建立起了反伊拉克同盟29.下图文字节选自中国某封建王朝开国皇帝之诏书。
此诏书出自A.汉朝 B.唐朝C.宋朝 D.明朝30.下表为英国政府议案在议会被修正情况统计,材料表明这一时期英国()A.内阁对议会的影响力增强B.议会上院势力明显衰落C.分权制衡的原则逐渐丧失D.统治阶级政策趋于一致二、综合题31.阅读下列材料,回答相关问题。
材料一光荣革命使英国成为世界上第一个摆脱了专制统治的国家。
它在这样做的时候采用了不流血的方法。
此后,英国就是在议会制度的框架之内,进行和平和渐进的制度改革,……这是一个前所未有的变化,国王由议会决定产生,意味着君权从“神授”变成了“民授”,它根本性地改变了在英国已经存在了千年之久的王权性质。
从1689年起,英国正式确立了议会高于王权的政治原则,并在以后的几十年里逐步建立起君主立宪制。
——据《大国崛起》解说词整理材料二康熙皇帝说:“今天下大小事务,皆朕一人亲理,无可旁贷。
若将要务分任于他人,则断不可行。
所以无论巨细,联必躬自断制。
”乾隆皇帝也说:“本朝家法,自皇祖皇考以来,一切用人听言大权,从无旁落,即左右亲信大臣,亦未能有荣辱人、能生死人者。
”——摘自《东华录》(清)请回答:(1)根据材料一,说明英国政治体制创新的特点和表现。
(2)根据材料一、二结合所学知识,分析中英不同的政治体制给两国历史发展所带来的不同影响。