Introducing Sweep features in Modeling with Subdivision Surfaces
sweep扫掠功能
2.直纹面 直纹面就是以直线作为截面线(轮廓)沿着指定的导引线或者设定的边界条件进 行扫掠生成扫掠曲面。所谓的直线并不是用户指定的,而是系统通过指定的 导引线或者边界条件计算出来的。直纹面可以看作是直线的扩展。建立一条 直线,可以由两点、由一点和方向、由曲线的切向等方式所确定。与此类似 ,直纹面提供了多种子类型: (1)两条导引线(Two limits):提供两条导引线,系统自动计算生成直纹面, 这种类型类似于由两点确定一条直线,两条导引线相对于两条直线。实际上 ,如果从一个截面上来看,两条导引线的端点就是直纹面的截面线直线的两 个端点。如图所示,
Xiang Huang
2016/10/25
NUAA
南 航
Draft
1
2
选类型
3
定义 guide curve 和 draft 方向 :
4
选 draft 计算模式 :
Xiang Huang
2016/10/25
NUAA
南 航
5
定义角度 :
不同点角度不同
角度恒定
不同片段角度不同
Xiang Huang
2016/10/25
Xiang Huang
2016/10/25
NUAA
南 航
Explicit/With pulling direction/Profile(DemoProfile2)/Guide curve (DemoGuide2)/Direction (zx plane)
Xiang Huang
2016/10/25
NUAA
Xiang Huang
2016/10/25
NUAA
南 航
与面相切
1
选导引线和参考面 选 : With tangency surface
ddpm和ddim算法重参数技巧
DDPM(Diffusion Probabilistic Models)和DDIM(Diffusion Implicit Models)是一种基于扩散过程的概率生成模型,它们在计算机视觉、图像生成和样本自动生成领域取得了许多突破性的成果。
其中,DDPM和DDIM算法的重参数技巧是其关键之一,本文将就DDPM和DDIM算法的重参数技巧进行深入分析和讨论。
一、DDPM和DDIM算法概述1. DDPM算法概述DDPM是一种基于扩散过程的概率生成模型,它通过建模数据的漫步过程来实现对数据分布的建模。
DDPM算法利用了高斯过程的性质,将高斯过程的扩散过程应用到数据生成中,从而实现了对图像数据的生成和重参数化。
DDPM算法的核心思想是将数据视为扩散过程中的粒子,通过模拟这些粒子的运动轨迹来生成图像数据。
通过对扩散过程进行建模和估计,DDPM算法能够有效地捕捉数据的分布特征,从而实现对图像数据的高效生成。
2. DDIM算法概述DDIM是基于扩散过程的隐式生成模型,它利用了扩散过程的性质来建模数据的生成过程。
与DDPM算法不同,DDIM算法通过对潜在空间的建模和估计,从而实现对图像数据的生成和重参数化。
DDIM算法的核心思想是通过对隐变量的建模和边缘化,从而实现对图像数据的生成。
通过对潜在空间的建模和估计,DDIM算法能够有效地捕捉数据的分布特征,从而实现对图像数据的高效生成。
二、DDPM和DDIM算法的重参数技巧1. DDPM算法的重参数技巧DDPM算法的重参数技巧是其关键之一,它通过引入可微分的随机变量来实现对模型的训练和推断。
具体来说,DDPM算法通过引入重参数化技巧,将模型的参数与噪声变量进行耦合,从而实现对模型的训练和推断。
重参数化技巧的核心是将随机变量的采样过程分解为确定性的变换和随机的噪声变量,从而使得采样过程可微分。
通过引入这种可微分的随机变量,DDPM算法能够实现对模型的端到端训练和推断,从而提高了模型的训练效率和推断精度。
英语作文-水生态环境保护与修复技术研究
英语作文-水生态环境保护与修复技术研究The preservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems are paramount in ensuring the sustainability of our environment. With the increasing threats posed by pollution, habitat destruction, and climate change, it is imperative that we focus our efforts on researching and implementing effective techniques for the protection and rehabilitation of aquatic habitats. This essay explores various technologies and strategies employed in the study of water ecology and ecosystem restoration.One of the most pressing issues affecting aquatic ecosystems is water pollution. Chemical pollutants from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources contaminate water bodies, endangering the health of aquatic organisms and disrupting entire ecosystems. To address this challenge, researchers have developed advanced water treatment technologies aimed at removing contaminants and restoring water quality.Among these technologies, bioremediation stands out as a promising approach for mitigating water pollution. Bioremediation harnesses the natural abilities of microorganisms to degrade pollutants and cleanse contaminated environments. By introducing specific microbial strains or enhancing existing microbial communities, bioremediation can effectively break down pollutants such as oil spills, heavy metals, and organic compounds, restoring the ecological balance of aquatic systems.In addition to bioremediation, the implementation of constructed wetlands has emerged as a sustainable solution for water treatment and habitat restoration. Constructed wetlands mimic the natural filtration processes of wetland ecosystems, utilizing plants, soil, and microorganisms to remove pollutants and improve water quality. These engineered ecosystems not only provide habitat for diverse plant and animal species but also serve as effective buffers against flooding and erosion, enhancing the resilience of aquatic ecosystems to environmental disturbances.Furthermore, advances in monitoring and modeling technologies have revolutionized our understanding of aquatic ecosystems and their response to environmental changes. Remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), and mathematical modelingtechniques enable scientists to analyze complex ecological data, identify patterns, and predict future trends in water quality and ecosystem dynamics. By integrating field observations with computational analyses, researchers can develop evidence-based management strategies for the conservation and restoration of aquatic habitats.Moreover, community-based approaches play a crucial role in promoting public participation and stewardship in water conservation efforts. Citizen science initiatives empower individuals and local communities to contribute valuable data on water quality, biodiversity, and ecosystem health, fostering a sense of ownership and responsibility for the protection of aquatic environments. Through education, outreach, and collaborative partnerships, stakeholders can work together to address the root causes of water pollution and advocate for sustainable water management practices.In conclusion, the preservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems require a multidisciplinary approach that combines scientific research, technological innovation, and community engagement. By investing in the development and implementation of effective water management strategies, we can safeguard the health and integrity of our water resources for future generations. Together, we can strive towards a more sustainable and resilient aquatic environment for all living beings.。
Simplifiedwavemodelling
Simplified wave modellingJohn C. BancroftABSTRACTWave motion is modelled using the acoustic wave equation and implemented using MATLAB. This method requires two initial conditions that are introduced using a simple wavelet on a one dimensional propagator such as a string, spring, or wire. This model is expanded to two dimensions that illustrate plane-wave propagation, boundary effects, and Huygen’s wavelets.WAVE ON A STRING.Assume we want to model transverse wave motion on a string (spring, wire, etc). We will compute the motion of a wavelet at equal time increments that simulate photos to evaluate the motion.We start with a Gaussian-shaped wavelet illustrated below in Figure 1 that represents a photograph of the transverse displacement. We have chosen the width of the wavelet to be large, relative to the sample interval so that linear interpolation provides an adequate description, i.e. the sample rate is approximately ten times the maximum frequency to minimize grid dispersion. Given this information:•What is the direction of motion?•What will be the shape in the next photograph?FIG 1: A representation of a Gaussian shaped wavelet on a string.Is the wavelet in Figure 1 going to move to the left, the right or bounce up and down? We simply don’t know because we don’t have enough information. How do we provide that additional information? Let’s examine the wave equation to find out.The string has one distance dimension, x, and we define the displacement p(x), at different time intervals such as p(x, t=1), p(x, t=2), etc. It therefore becomes convenient to define a 2D array, p(x, t), that defines the amplitude of the strings displacement at agiven location, x , and time, t . The movement of energy on the string is governed by the one dimensional acoustic wave-equation()()22222,,1p x t p x t x v t∂∂=∂∂. (1) We will use the finite difference method to approximate the wave-equation. A second derivative of a function, f(x), is approximated in a discrete form of f at position, n , i.e. f n , and is approximated by()211222n n n f x f f f x x δ−+∂−+=∂, (2) where the increments of f n are d x . The finite difference equation for the wave equation becomes: 1,,1,,1,,1222221i j i j i j i j i j i j p p p p p p x v tδδ−+−+−+−+=. (3) This equation can be represented in graphical form in the following figure, with the increment, i , representing distance to the left, and j , the time increment that increases vertically.FIG 2: Finite difference model of full wave-equation.We wish to compute the position of the string at a new time, given some initial condition. We will choose p i, j+1 as the unknown value in the finite-difference equation because it is a single value at a new time, giving()22,1,,11,,1,222i j i j i j i j i j i j v t p p p p p p x δδ+−−+=−−+. (4) According to this equation, we need to know the position of the string at the two previous times, j , and j-1; .i.e. the two initial conditions of the string. Shown below is thefinite-difference operator positioned at the at i th spatial location to calculate the amplitude on the string for the third time, at j=3.i-1 i+1iFIG 3: The first two initial conditions at j =1 and 2 to compute the first line of samples at j=3. If we desire to model a wave travelling down the string, then we need to start with a wavelet on the string at time j=1, and the same wavelet repeated on the string at time j=2 but moved to a new spatial location. The location on the j=2 string is critical and must have a spatial increment defined by the wave velocity, v , and the time increment, d t . These two initial conditions would also match any two sequential photos of the wave moving down the string. They are shown above, along with the finite-difference operator, illustrating the computation of the amplitudes on the string at time, j=3. (The above figure has used a very large d x on the operator for the purposes of illustration only).Computer simulations are illustrated in Figure 4, with (a) showing the amplitude of a Gaussian wavelet on the string at the first two times and the resulting calculation of the wavelet at the third time, k=3. The amplitudes at succeeding times may be calculated from the previous two times as illustrated in (b) that shows the wavelet at a time increment, k=50. The initial two wavelets are also shown to demonstrate how well the amplitude and shape of the wavelet has been preserved after 48 iterations.The complete MATLAB code for producing Figures 4 and 5 is listed in Appendix A. The part of the code that propagates the wavefield is six lines that are encircled to illustrate the simplicity. The coding method is similar to FORTRAN and does not take advantage of vector math that is available to a programmer.a)b)FIG 4: The first two initial conditions and the computation of a) the next third time increment, and b) at 50 time increments later. Note the preservation of the shape and amplitude.The full set of iterations are shown below in a three-dimensional view that shows the amplitude of the wavelet at the incremental times. This is a trivial task in MATLAB that simply displays 2D array, p(t, x), in Figure 5 with the call, “figure (3); mesh(p);”, highlighted in the program listing in appendix A. This figure has zoom androtation features that allow the programmer to view the image from any position. Thesimple coding of this program, along with the powerful MATLAB graphics, provide anexcellent analysis tool.FIG 5: A full set of time images of the displacementTo illustrate the importance of the initial conditions, various configurations of the first two wavelets are shown in the following figures. Note the effect on the subsequent propagations.•Figure 6a and b show the first two wavelets at the same amplitude and location at the centre of the string. The result is two wavelets moving away from eachother. (These two images demonstrate two different perspective views of thesame figure).•Figure 6c shows the two initiating wavelets at the same location, but the second is twice the amplitude, producing an interesting deformation of thestring. A similar type of deformation is obtained by zeroing the amplitude ofthe second wavelet as viewed in Figure 6d.We refer to the setting of the two initial conditions or the defining the deformation ofthe string at the first two time intervals as “exciting” the string.a) b)c) d) FIG 6: Various wave propagations that result when the initial conditions are varied, a) when the location and amplitude are the same, b) the same as (a) but a different view, c) with the same location but the amplitude of the second initial condition has twice the amplitude, and d) when the second initial condition is zero.2D WAVE PROPAGATIONThe propagation of energy on a 2D plane is also quite simple to program by extending the concepts of the 1D program. The two-dimensional wave equation,()()()2222222,,,,,,1p x z t p x z t p x z t x z v t∂∂∂+=∂∂∂, (5) becomes the finite difference equation, 1,,,,1,,,1,,,,1,,,1,,,,122222221i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k p p p p p p p p p x z v t δδδ−+−+−+−+−+−++=. (6) Solving for the single time sample at k+1 we get:1,,,,1,,,1,,,,1,22,,1,,,,122222i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k i j k p p p p p p p p p v t x z δδδ−+−++−−+−+ =−++. (7) This difference equation is illustrated in Figure 7. A plane through the central points represents time at the k th level and the one sample point below this plane is a sample on the previous time layer at k-1. The single point to be computed (the circle) lies on the upper plane at time k+1.FIG 7: Schematic representation of the three-dimensional (x, z, t ) operator.We therefore need two planes of the wavefield (at k-1, and k ) to start the propagation. As in the 1D case, it is critical that the first two planes represent the desired initial conditions. In Figure 8a below, the initial wavefield starts at the centre of the plane and then, after 80 time iteration of computing the wavefield, we get the wavefield shifted to the left as evident in part (b). Note that the amplitude and shape of the wave field has been preserved.a) b) FIG 8: A plane wave designed to propagate to the left, a) at time zero, and b) at after 80 time increments.Figure 9a show the an initialization of a plane-wave that only extend part way across the surface. The resulting wavefield after 80 time iterations is shown in various perspectiveviews in panels b), c), and d). Note the unusual effect of this result as energy has propagated opposite to the direction to the main part of the wavefront.a) b)c) d)FIG 9: A portion of a plane-wave is propagated 40 time increments with: a) the initial location with a rounded edge, b) a perspective view after 40 time lags, c) side view, and d) a plan view.Figure 10 contains two images that result from a 3-D Gaussian-shaped wavelet that is circular in (x, z) as displayed in Figure 11a. The circular wavefront in part (a) in Figure 10 was excited by keeping the two excitation wavelets at the same location, while part (b) was excited by moving the second wavelet to the left with the propagation velocity. Note that even though the wavelet was initially propagated to the left, some energy also moves in the opposite direction.Figure 11 displays three additional wavelets in (b), (c), and (d) that are truncated to widths of five, three, and one sample. The intent of these wavelets is to represent some form of decomposition of a plane wave: i.e. part (d) is just one slice from the wavefront. This slice is definitely aliased in the direction parallel to the wavefront and we should expect some form of dispersion during propagation.Each wavelet is propagated in the direction of the wavefront and creates the circular images on the left side of the corresponding parts of Figure 12. These circular imagesrepresent some form of Huygen’s wavelets that are used to propagate wavefronts. The right side of these figures are the wavefront that are reconstructed from the Huygen’s wavelets. This was achieved by assuming source points were positioned at the original location of the wavefront (i.e. a continuous line of samples) and the resulting Huygen’s wavelets summed.a) b) FIG 10: Two wavefront responses from a Gaussian shaped wavelet at the centre with different initial conditions; with a) the initial wavelets at the same location, and b) when the second initial wavelet is shifted to the left with the medium’s velocity.a) b) c) d) FIG 11: Wavelet sources with a) the full circular wavelet, b) truncated to five points wide, c) three points wide and d) one point wide.a)b)c)d)FIG 12: Huygen’s wavefronts on the left side of each image when the source wavelet is: a) circular; b) 5 points wide; c) 3 points wide; and d) 1 sample wide. The right side is the corresponding reconstruction of the wavefront from an array of source points.FIG 13: Reconstructed wavefront and Huygen’s wavelet approximation when a single sample spike is propagated as part of a wavefront.The results of using a single sample for excitation is illustrated in Figure 13. Aliasing in the direction of wavefield propagation causes excessive dispersion of the energy.The non-aliased circular/Gaussian wavelet of Figure 11a was used to demonstrate the formation of the Huygen’s wavelet. This is illustrated in Figure 14, which shows the propagating wavefields at time intervals of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 80. Note the formation of the phase-shift as the amplitudes become negative, and that some energy is propagated in the reverse direction.The Huygen’s wavelet energy lies on a circular path that extends in all directions around the excitation point. The amplitude tapers to zero in the direction opposite the excitation direction, and then to a maximum in the direction of excitation or propagation. Figure 15 is a side view of the Huygen’s wavelet that shows the peak amplitude has a linear slope that rises in the direction of propagation. This amplitude is described in theory as 1+cosine(q), where q is the angle from the direction of propagation. Also note that the phase-shift appears to be 45 degrees.COMMENTSThe images in Figure 10 illustrate the difference in the energy radiated from an isotropic point source and that of an element on a wavefront.The small portion of MATLAB code that propagates the 2D energy is included asAppendix B.FIG 14: Formation of a Huygen’s wavelet at 5,10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80 time units.FIG 15: Side view of Huygen’s wavelet displaying the amplitude.CONCLUSIONSWave propagation can be illustrated using simple programs written and displayed in MATLAB.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe acknowledge NSERC and the CREWES sponsors for their continued support.APPENDIX AMATLAB code for modelling 2D data. The two parts encircled contain the wave propagation code and the function call to plot the view of the full movement of the waveform.% Wave on stringclearv = 1000.0; % Velocitydx = 1.0; % x incrementdt = 0.001; % time incrementnx = 100; %Number of x samplesnt = 100; %Number of z samplesp = zeros(nt,nx); % Matrix for strings1 = zeros(nx); % String at time 1s2 = zeros(nx); % String at time 2s40= zeros(nx); % String at time 50xary=zeros(nx); % Plot axis% Define the position of the string at the first two times for ix = -10:10p(1, ix+20 ) = 100*exp(-(ix^2 )/16.0 );p(2, ix+21 ) = 100*exp(-(ix^2 )/16.0 );end% Loop for each time increment: limit time to prevent distortion due to boundary reflectionfor it = 3: nt-55for ix = 2:99p(it,ix) = 2*p(it-1,ix) - p( it-2, ix) +((v*dt/dx)^2)*(p(it-1,ix-1)-2*p(it-1,ix)+p(it-1,ix+1)); endend% Get singel copies of the two excitation arrays and one latter array.for ix = 1:nxxary(ix)=ix;s1(ix) = p(1, ix);s2(ix) = p(2, ix);s40(ix) = p(40, ix);end% Plot the datafigure (1); plot(xary,s2,'r--',xary,s1,'b','LineWidth',3); xlabel('x','FontSize',20), ylabel('Amp','FontSize',20)title(' \it{ Wave on string}', 'FontSize',20)figure (2); plot(xary,s40,'g:',xary,s2,'r--',xary,s1,'b','LineWidth',3);xlabel('x','FontSize',20), ylabel('Amp','FontSize',20)title(' \it{ Wave on string}', 'FontSize',20)figure(3); mesh( p);xlabel('x','FontSize',20), ylabel('t','FontSize',20),zlabel('Amp','FontSize',20)title(' \it{ Wave on string}', 'FontSize',20)a) b)c)FIG A1: MATLAB windows with results of the 1D modelling code showing: a) the initial conditions on a string; b) initial conditions on a string and the wave after 40 time increments; and c) all 40 time increments on the string.APPENDIX BPortion of MATLAB code for modelling 3D data that propagates the wave.%********************************************************* % Compute each time layerfor it = 3:ntdit% Compute each x tracefor ix = 2:nx-1%Compute each sample in tracefor iz = 2:nz-1p = vol(ix, iz, it-1);ptm1 = vol(ix, iz, it-2);pzm1 = vol(ix, iz-1, it-1);pzp1 = vol(ix, iz+1, it-1);pxm1 = vol(ix-1, iz, it-1);pxp1 = vol(ix+1, iz, it-1);%solve wave-equationptp1 = 2.0*p - ptm1 + V^2*dt^2*( (pxm1 -2*p+pxp1)/dx^2 + (pzm1 -2*p + pzp1)/dz^2 );vol(ix, iz, it) = vol(ix, iz, it) + ptp1;endend%********************************************************。
雅思测试题
Questions 1–60Multiple Choice1. The machine looked like a large, ________ , old-fashioned typewriter.A) forceful B) clumsy C) intense D) tricky2. Though she began her ______ by singing in a local pop group, she is now a famous Hollywood movie star.A) employment B) career C) occupation D) profession3. Within two weeks of arrival, all foreigners had to _______ with the local police.A) inquire B) consult C) register D) profession4. Considering your salary, you should be able to _____ at least twenty dollars a week.A) put forward B) put up C) put out D) put aside5. As he has _______ our patience, we’ll not wait for him any longer.A) torn B) wasted C) exhausted D) consumed6. These teachers try to be objective when they _______ the integrated ability of their students.A) justify B) evaluate C) indicate D) reckon7. Mrs. Morris's daughter is pretty and _______, and many girls envy her.A) slender B) light C) faint D) minor8. Tomorrow the mayor is to _____ a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.A) coordinate B) cooperate C) accompany D) associate9. I'm ______ enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams.A) realistic B) conscious C) register D) resolve10. Can you give me even the _______ clue as to where her son might be?A) simplest B) slightest C) least D) utmost11. Norman Davis will be remembered by many _____ with not only as a great scholar but also as a most delightful and faithful friend.A) kindness B) friendliness C) warmth D) affection12. Salaries for ______ positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones.A) legal B) optional C) voluntary D) temporary13. Most people agree that the present role of women has already affected U.S. society. _______, it has affected the traditional role of men.A) Above all B) In all C) At most D) At last14. Science and technology have _____ in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production.A) attached B) assisted C) contributed D) witnessed15. As an actor he could communicate a whole _____ of emotions.A) frame B) range C) number D) scale16. This is what you should bear in mind: Don't _____ a salary increase before you actually get it.A) hang on B) draw on C) wait on D) count on17. The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _____ instead of mechanically.A) artificially B) automatically C) manually D) synthetically18. The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn't ______ her grip on my arm.A) loosen B) remove C) relieve D) dismiss19. He never arrives on time and my ______ is that he feels the meetings are useless.A) preference B) conference C) inference D) reference20. Mrs. Smith was so ______ about everything that no servants could please her.A) specific B) special C) precise D) particular21. Last night he saw two dark ______ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.A) features B) figures C) sketches D) images22. It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _______.A) exception B) exclusion C) modification D) substitution23. His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top _____.A) circle B) rank C) category D) grade24. During the lecture, the speaker occasionally _____ his point by relating his own experiences.A) illustrated B) hinted C) cited D) displayed25. Only those who can _____ to lose their money should make high-risk investments.A) maintain B) sustain C) endure D) afford26. He found the ______ media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.A) sufficient B) constant C) steady D) plenty27. There has been a collision _______ a number of cars on the main road to town.A) composing B) consisting C) involving D) engaging28. _______ elephants are different from wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers.A) Cultivated B) Regulated C) Civil D) Tame29. Ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to _______.A) resign B) reject C) retreat D) replace30. As one of the world's highest paid models, she had her face_____ for five million dollarsA) deposited B) assured C) measured D) insured31. I went along thinking of nothing ______, only looking at things around me.A) in particular B) in harmony C) in doubt D) in brief32. Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has ______ the quality of the programs.A) lessened B) declined C) affected D) effected33. I must congratulate you ______ the excellent design of the new bridge.A) with B) of C) at D) on34. There is a fully ______ health center on the ground floor of the main office building.A) installed B) equipped C) provided D) projected35. For more than 20 years, we've been supporting educational programs that _____ from kindergartens to colleges.A) move B) shift C) range D) spread36. The ______ at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it.A) convention B) confinement C) principle D) discipline37. The test results are beyond______; they have been repeated in labs all over the world.A) negotiation B) conflict C) bargain D) dispute38. I was so ______in today's history lesson. I didn’t understand a thing.A) amazed B) neglected C) confused D) amused39. It ______ you to at least 50% off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both.A) presents B) entitles C) credits D) tips40. Deserts and high mountains have always been a ______ to the movement of people from place to place.A) barrier B) fence C) prevention D) jam41. In order to make things convenient for the people, the department is planning to set up some ______ shops in the residential area.A) flowing B) drifting C) mobile D) unstable42. Mr. Smith says: "The media are very good at sensing a mood and then ______ it."A) overtaking B) enlarging C) widening D) exaggerating43. This is not an economical way to get more water; ______, it is very expensive.A) on the other hand B) on the contrary C) in short D) or else44. It was the first time that such a ______had to be taken at a British nuclear power station.A) presentation B) precaution C) preparation D) prediction45. ______ that he wasn't happy with the arrangements, I tried to book a different hotel.A) Perceiving B) Penetrating C) Puzzling D) Preserving46. The board of the company has decided to ______ its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business.A) multiply B) lengthen C) expand D) stretch47. His business was very successful, but it was at the ______ of his family life.A) consumption B) credit C) exhaustion D) expense48. First published in 1927, the charts remain an ______ source for researchers.A) identical B) indispensable C) intelligent D) inevitable49. Joe is not good at sports, but when it ______mathematics, he is the best in the class.A) comes to B) comes up to C) comes on to D) comes around to50. Doctors warned against chewing tobacco as a ______ for smoking.A) relief B) revival C) substitute D) succession51. When carbon is added to iron in proper ______the result is steel.A) rates B) thicknesses C) proportions D) densities52. You should try to ______ your ambition and be more realistic.A) reserve B) restrain C) retain D) replace53. Nancy is only a sort of ______ of her husband's opinion and has no ideas of her own.A) sample B) reproduction C) shadow D) echo54. Now that spring is here, you can ______ these fur coats till you need them again next winter.A) put over B) put away C) put off D) put down55. There is a _____ of impatience in the tone of his voice.A) hint B) notion C) dot D) phrase56. Please ______dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling or meaning.A) seek B) inquire C) search D) consult57. At yesterday's party, Elizabeth's boyfriend amused us by ______ Charlie Chaplin.A) copying B) following C) imitating D) modeling58. She keeps a supply of candles in the house in case of power ______.A) failure B) lack C) absence D) drop59. The group of technicians are engaged in a study which ______ all aspects of urban planning.A) inserts B) grips C) performs D) embraces60. The lecture which lasted about three hours was so ______ that the audience couldn't help yawning.A) tedious B) bored C) clumsy D) tiredQuestions 61–80Reading ComprehensionReading Passage 1Introducing dung1 beetles into a pasture is a simple process: approximately 1,500 beetles are released, a handful at a time, into fresh cow pats2 in the cow pasture. The beetles immediately disappear beneath the pats digging and tunnelling and, if they successfully adapt to their new environment, soon become a permanent,self-sustaining part of the local ecology. In time they multiply and within three or four years the benefits to the pasture are obvious.Dung beetles work from the inside of the pat so they are sheltered from predators such as birds and foxes. Most species burrow into the soil and bury dung in tunnels directly underneath the pats, which are hollowed out from within. Some large species originating from France excavate tunnels to a depth of approximately 30 cm below the dung pat. These beetles make sausage-shaped brood chambers along the tunnels. The shallowest tunnels belong to a much smaller Spanish species that buries dung in chambers that hang like fruit from the branches of a pear tree. South African beetles dig narrow tunnels of approximately 20 cm below the surface of the pat.Some surface- dwelling beetles, including a South African species, cutperfectly-shaped balls from the pat, which are rolled away and attached to the bases of plants.For maximum dung burial in spring, summer and autumn, farmers require a variety of species with overlapping periods of activity. In the cooler environments of the state of Victoria, the large French species (2.5 cms long), is matched with smaller (half this size), temperate-climate Spanish species. The former are slow to recover from the winter cold and produce only one or two generations of offspring from late spring until autumn. The latter, which multiply rapidly in early spring, produce two to fiveQuestions 66 –70Choose the correct heading for sections A - D and F from the list of headings below.Section BNo activity affects more of the earth's surface than farming. It shapes a third of the planet's land area, not counting Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 per cent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases in yields from land already in cultivation, but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation, better crop breeding, and a doubling in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilisers in the 1970s and 1980s.Section CAll these activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertilisers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil's productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America.Section DGovernment policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price supports for farm output drive up the price of land. The annual value of these subsidies is immense: about $250 billion, or more than all World Bank lending in the 1980s. To increase the output of crops per acre, a farmer's easiest option is to use more of the most readily available inputs: fertilisers and pesticides. Fertiliser use doubled in Denmark in the period 1960-1985 and increased in The Netherlands by 150 per cent. The quantity of pesticides applied has risen too: by 69 per cent in 1975-1984 in Denmark, for example, with a rise of 115 per cent in the frequency of application in the three years from 1981.In the late 1980s and early 1990s some efforts were made to reduce farm subsidies. The most dramatic example was that of New Zealand, which scrapped most farm support in 1984.A study of the environmental effects, conducted in 1993, found that the end of fertiliser subsidies had been followed by a fall in fertiliser use (a fall compounded by the decline in world commodity prices, which cut farm incomes). The removal of subsidies also stopped land-clearing and over-stocking, which in the past had been the principal causes of erosion. Farms began to diversify. The one kind of subsidy whose removal appeared to have been bad for the environment was the subsidy to manage soil erosion.In less enlightened countries, and in the European Union, the trend has been to reduce rather than eliminate subsidies, and to introduce new payments to encourage farmers to treat their land in environmentally friendlier ways, or to leave it fallow. It may sound strange but such payments need to be higher than the existing incentives for farmers to grow food crops. Farmers, however, dislike being paid to do nothing. In several countries they have become interested in the possibility of using fuel produced from crop residues either as a replacement for petrol (as ethanol) or as fuel for power stations (as biomass).Such fuels produce far less carbon dioxide than coal or oil, and absorb carbon dioxide as they grow. They are therefore less likely to contribute to the greenhouse effect. But they are rarely competitive with fossil fuels unless subsidised and growing them does no less environmental harm than other crops.Section EIn poor countries, governments aggravate other sorts of damage. Subsidies for pesticides and artificial fertilisers encourage farmers to use greater quantities than are needed to get the highest economic crop yield. A study by the International Rice Research Institute of pesticide use by farmers in South East Asia found that, with pest-resistant varieties of rice, even moderate applications of pesticide frequently cost farmers more than they saved. Such waste puts farmers on a chemical treadmill: bugs and weeds become resistant to poisons, so next year's poisons must be more lethal. One cost is to human health. Every year some 10,000 people die from pesticide poisoning, almost all of them in the developing countries, and another 400,000 become seriously ill. As for artificial fertilisers, their use worldwide increased by 40 per cent per unit of farmed land between the mid 1970s and late 1980s, mostly in the developing countries. Overuse of fertilisers may cause farmers to stop rotating crops or leaving their land fallow. That, in turn, may make soil erosion worse.Section FA result of the Uruguay Round of world trade negotiations is likely to be a reduction of 36 per cent in the average levels of farm subsidies paid by the rich countries in 19861990. Some of the world's food production will move from Western Europe to regions where subsidies are lower or nonexistent, such as the former communist countries and parts of the developing world. Some environmentalists worry about this outcome. It will undoubtedly mean more pressure to convert natural habitat into farmland. But it will also have many desirable environmental effects. The intensity of farming in the rich world should decline, and the use of chemical inputs will diminish. Crops are more likely to be grown in the environments to which they are naturally suited. And more farmers in poor countries will have the money and the incentive to manage their land in ways that are sustainable in the long run. That is important. To feed an increasingly hungry world, farmers need every incentive to use their soil and water effectively and efficiently.Reading Passage 3The Risks of Cigarette SmokeDiscovered in the early 1800s and named ‘nicotianine’, the oily essence now called nicotine is the main active ingredient of tobacco. Nicotine, however, is only a small component of cigarette smoke, which contains more than 4,700 chemical compounds, including 43 cancercausing substances. In recent times, scientific research has been providing evidence that years of cigarette smoking vastly increases the risk ofdeveloping fatal medical conditions.In addition to being responsible for more than 85 per cent of lung cancers, smoking is associated with cancers of, amongst others, the mouth, stomach and kidneys, and is thought to cause about 14 per cent of leukaemia and cervical cancers. In 1990, smoking caused more than 84,000 deaths, mainly resulting from such problems as pneumonia, bronchitis and influenza. Smoking, it is believed, is responsible for 30 per cent of all deaths from cancer and clearly represents the most important preventable cause of cancer in countries like the United States today.Passive smoking, the breathing in of the side-stream smoke from the burning of tobacco between puffs or of the smoke exhaled by a smoker, also causes a serious health risk. A report published in 1992 by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emphasized the health dangers, especially from side-stream smoke. This type of smoke contains more, smaller particles and is therefore more likely to be deposited deep in the lungs. On the basis of this report, the EPA has classified environmental tobacco smoke in the highest risk category for causing cancer.As an illustration of the health risks, in the case of a married couple where one partner is a smoker and one a nonsmoker, the latter is believed to have a 30 per cent higher risk of death from heart disease because of passive smoking. The risk of lung cancer also increases over the years of exposure and the figure jumps to 80 per cent if the spouse has been smoking four packs a day for 20 years. It has been calculated that 17 per cent of cases of lung cancer can be attributed to high levels of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke during childhood and adolescence.A more recent study by researchers at the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) has shown that secondhand cigarette smoke does more harm to nonsmokers than to smokers. Leaving aside the philosophical question of whether anyone should have to breathe someone else’s cigarette smoke, the report suggests that the smoke experienced by many people in their daily lives is enough to produce substantial adverse effects on a person’s heart and lungs.The report, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (AMA), was based on the researchers’ own earlier research but also includes a review of studies over the past few years. The American Medical Association represents about half of all US doctors and is a strong opponent of smoking. The study suggests that people who smoke cigarettes are continually damaging their cardiovascular system, which adapts in order to compensate for the effects of smoking. It further states that people who do not smoke do not have the benefit of their system adapting to the smoke inhalation. Consequently, the effects of passive smoking are far greater onnon-smokers than on smokers.This report emphasizes that cancer is not caused by a single element in cigarettesmoke; harmful effects to health are caused by many components. Carbon monoxide, for example, competes with oxygen in red blood cells and interferes with the blood’s ability to deliver life-giving oxygen to the heart. Nicotine and other toxins in cigarette smoke activate small blood cells called platelets, which increases the likelihood of blood clots, thereby affecting blood circulation throughout the body.The researchers criticize the practice of some scientific consultants who work with the tobacco industry for assuming that cigarette smoke has the same impact on smokers as it does on non-smokers. They argue that those scientists are underestimating the damage done by passive smoking and, in support of their recent findings, cite some previous research which points to passive smoking as the cause for between 30,000 and 60,000 deaths from heart attacks each year in the United States. This means that passive smoking is the third most preventable cause of death after active smoking and alcohol-related diseases.The study argues that the type of action needed against passive smoking should be similar to that being taken against illegal drugs and AIDS (SIDA). The UCSF researchers maintain that the simplest and most cost-effective action is to establish smoke-free work places, schools and public places.Questions 71–73Choose the appropriate letters A – D..71According to information in the text, leukaemia and pneumoniaA are responsible for 84,000 deaths each year.B are strongly linked to cigarette smoking.C are strongly linked to lung cancer.D result in 30 per cent of deaths per year.72According to information in the text, intake of carbon monoxideA inhibits the flow of oxygen to the heart.B increase absorption of other smoke particles.C inhibits red blood cell formation.D promotes nicotine absorption.73According to information in the text, intake of nicotine encouragesA blood circulation through the bodyB activity of other toxins in the blood.C formation of blood clots.D an increase of platelets in the blood.Questions 74–77Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the reading passage?YES if the statement agrees with the writer’s claimsNO if the statement contradicts the writer’s claimsNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this74 Thirty per cent of deaths in the United States are caused by smoking-relatedWriting TaskThe charts below show the main reasons for study among students of different age groups and the amount of support they received from employers.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparison where relevant.Write at least 150 words.参考答案:1 B) clumsy 2.B) career 3.C) register 4.D) put aside 5.C) exhausted6.B) evaluate7.A) slender8.C) accompany9.A) realistic10.B) slightest11.D) affection12.D) temporary13.A) Above all14.C) contributed15.B) range 16.D) count on17.C) manually18.A) loosen19.C) inference20.D) particular21.B) figures22.A) exception23.B) rank24.A) illustrated25.D) afford26.B) constant27.C) involving28.D) Tame29.A) resign30.D) insured31. A) in particular 32. C) affected 33. D) on 34. B) equipped 35. C) range 36. D) discipline 37. D) dispute 38.C) confused 39. B) entitles 40. A) barrier 41.C) mobile 42.D) exaggerating 43.B) on the contrary 44.B) precaution 45.A) Perceiving46.C) expand 47. D) expense 48.B) indispensable 49.A) comes to 50.C) substitute51.C) proportions 52.B) restrain 53.D) echo 54.B) put away 55.A) hint56 D) consult 57. C) imitating 58.A) failure 59.D) embraces 60.A) tedious61. temperate 62. early spring63. two to five // 2 - 5 64. subtropical65. South African tunnelling // tunneling 66. v67. vii 68. ii69. iv 70. i71. B 72. A73. C 74. NO75. NOT GIVEN 76. YES77. NOT GIVEN 78. E79. G 80. HSample AnswerThe first graph shows that there is a gradual decrease in study for career reasons with age. Nearly 80% of students under 26 years, study for their career. This percentage gradually declines by 10-20% every decade. Only 40% of 40-49yr olds and 18% of over 49yr olds are studying for career reasons in late adulthood.Conversely, the first graph also shows that study stemming from interest increases with age. There are only 10% of under 26yr olds studying out of interest. The percentage increases slowly till the beginning of the fourth decade, and increases dramatically in late adulthood. Nearly same number of 40-49yr olds study for career and interest. However 70% of over 49yr olds study for interest in comparison to 18% studying for career reasons in that age group.The second graph shows that employer support is maximum (approximately 60%) for theunder 26yr students. It drops rapidly to 32% up to the third decade of life, and then increases in late adulthood up to about 44%. It is unclear whether employer support is only for career-focused study, but the highest level is for those students who mainly study for career purposes.。
SOLIDWORKS 在线试用教程说明书
SOLIDWORKS Product T rialsContentsWelcome to SOLIDWORKS in the Browser (3)Introduction (4)Evaluation Data (5)Video Resolution (6)Basic Tools (7)Exiting SOLIDWORKS (8)Using a Cloud Storage Account with SOLIDWORKS in the Browser (9)Uploading Files (10)Downloading Files (11)Working with SOLIDWORKS (12)FAQ (13)Welcome to SOLIDWORKS in the BrowserWelcome to SOLIDWORKS in the BrowserThank you for trying SOLIDWORKS.The SOLIDWORKS software has intuitive solutions for all aspects of the design process.When you sign up for a trial version with a MySolidWorks account,you get access to SOLIDWORKS in the browser for the duration of your trial.With your MySolidWorksaccount,you can access training videos,blog posts,and other content related to designing products with SOLIDWORKS.We are always working to make our products better and more useful for you.If you have questions,you will likely find the answer in MySolidWorks.We hope you enjoy your new SOLIDWORKS in the browser experience,SOLIDWORKS Sales TeamIntroductionThis SOLIDWORKS trial is streamed in a Web browser instead of installing it on your computer.This means you can run the SOLIDWORKS software from anywhere with an Internet connection.Evaluation Data•SOLIDWORKS in the browser runs inside your Web browser.You will need the latest Google Chrome™,Mozilla®Firefox®,Apple Safari®,or Windows®Internet Explorer11browser to use it.•With this evaluation,you cannot open or save data to your own computer.If you want to experiment with your own data,you can read&write data using DropBox,Box,or Google Drive.•Any files you create will be deleted from the evaluation system after you close the evaluation session.Video ResolutionThe SOLIDWORKS software is maximized(dynamic)to your browser window size.To experiment with video resolution settings to find the best balance ofperformance and clarity:•Click Settings>Change resolution(lower left of the browser window)to find the setting that works best.Most people use Dynamic resolution.You might also need to experiment with your browser’s zoom level.A value less than 100%causes buttons and menus in SOLIDWORKS to shrink.To make them moreaccessible,increase the zoom level through your browser’s settings.Basic ToolsHere are some basic tools for using SOLIDWORKS in a browser .Select running applications,change the resolution,reporta problem,show and hide usage statistics,share yoursession,and soon.Settings Upload files from your local computer to the Uploadsfolder (under Favorites )in thesession.Upload files Connects to your Dropboxaccount.Dropbox Connects to your Google Driveaccount.Google Drive Connects to your Boxaccount.Box Basic ToolsExiting SOLIDWORKSExiting SOLIDWORKSClose the browser window or tab to exit the SOLIDWORKS software.The SOLIDWORKS in the browser session may also end if it times out.Time outs happen if you:•Exceed the maximum duration.The maximum duration of a session is shown in a countdown timer at the bottom of the screen while you run SOLIDWORKS in the browser.•Do not interact with it(by keyboard or mouse)for20minutes.Make sure you save any work to your cloud storage account before leaving the session unattended.SeeUsing a Cloud Storage Account with SOLIDWORKS in the Browser on page9.Using a Cloud Storage Account with SOLIDWORKS in the BrowserUsing a Cloud Storage Account with SOLIDWORKS in the BrowserTo use a cloud storage account with SOLIDWORKS in the browser,you must first have an account with either DropBox,Box,or Google Drive.To use a cloud storage account with SOLIDWORKS in the browser:1.Start SOLIDWORKS in the browser.2.Open the Web page provided to you in the welcome email you received when yousigned up for trial access to SOLIDWORKS in the browser.3.Log in to MySolidWorks.4.Click the appropriate icon for your cloud storage account(lower right of the browserwindow).5.Click Connect.6.Log in using your account credentials.After the connection is made,a new drive is available in your Open and Save dialog boxes.Larger DropBox accounts might take a few minutes to fully populate.Uploading FilesInstead of using Dropbox,you can upload files from your computer to the browser.To upload files:Click Uploadfiles.The uploaded files appear in the Uploads folder(under Favorites). Uploading FilesDownloading FilesInstead of using Dropbox,you can download files from the browser to your computer.To download files:1.ClickSave(Standard toolbar).2.In the dialog box,select Download Now(under Favorites)as the save location.3.Enter a File name and click Save.Downloading FilesWorking with SOLIDWORKSWorking with SOLIDWORKS SOLIDWORKS®3D CAD software delivers powerful design functionality with the intuitive SOLIDWORKS user interface to speed your design process and make you instantlyproductive.If you are new to SOLIDWORKS,we recommend that you start with the Introducing SOLIDWORKS Guide.Below are free training videos from .You can open these videos in a separate Web browser so you can use the training videos along with the SOLIDWORKS in the browser version.•Editing Parts•Bottom up Assembly Modeling•Introduction to Drawings and DetailingYou can access the training files used in the videos.Click File>Open.In the dialog box, browse to Libraries>Documents>SOLIDWORKS Product Trial>Training Files.Tutorials are available in the product to help you learn SOLIDWORKS subjects from basic to advanced.Click Help>SolidWorks Tutorials to navigate to the topics.Finally,a collection of sample files are also included in the SOLIDWORKS Product Trial folder to help you further explore SOLIDWORKS capabilities.FAQ1.Which web browser should I use?•Chrome24.0.1312.52+•Safari v7.0.3+•Internet Explorer11.0.10+•Opera21.0.1432.67+•Firefox18.0+If you experience trouble launching SOLIDWORKS,first try updating your browser.For example,see https:///chrome/answer/95414?hl=en.2.How fast should my internet be?SOLIDWORKS is leveraging the latest technology to deliver you incredible3D software over the internet.With that in mind,we do suggest using this with a broadbandconnection of at least3000/300Kbps(Download/Upload).For best experience,wehave found5000/500Kbps to be ideal for1920x1080resolution.For an acceptableexperience,a minimum of1000/100is as low as a user should go.3.How do I save my work?During your browser-based session,any files created or modifications made to sample files are not saved on disk after the session is closed.The platform allows a direct connection to a cloud storage account.See Using a Cloud Storage Account with SOLIDWORKS in the Browser on page9.You can also download or upload individual files through the virtualization platform.See Uploading Files on page10.4.I’m seeing this error:Connection refused:It looks like you already connected….This can happen if you are kicked out of your session.Refresh(F5)your browser and wait30-60seconds for the previous session to close.5.The buttons and menus are too small in SOLIDWORKS.How do I make them bigger?Increase the zoom level in your browser’s settings to100%.This setting is available in all supported browsers,but its location varies.In Google Chrome,for example,the zoom level is in the Zoom section of the Chrome menu on the browser toolbar.6.If I get disconnected while working,will I lose my work?If for any reason you get disconnected,the platform will preserve your session for10 minutes.After10minutes,you will be given a new instance and any unsaved workwill be lost.Recommendation:Connect your browser session to an online storage account tosave your data periodically.7.What if I have performance trouble or errors during the evaluation?•Check your internet connection quality using .•Switch to an ethernet-wired instead of wireless connection.•Try a different,supported web browser.•Try reconnecting at a later time.8.What if I want to continue using web browser-based SOLIDWORKS after purchase?Today,SOLIDWORKS requires local installation on a Windows PC.See systemrequirements here:https:///sw/support/SystemRequirements.htmlWe do not currently offer any SOLIDWORKS tools through the browser platform-it is limited to free evaluations and trials only.。
统计分析入门与应用 SPSS 中文版 + SmartPLS 4 中文版说明书
統計分析入門與應用序科學研究就是不斷地探究人、事、物的真理,其目的在追求「真、善、美」即使無法達到盡善盡美,但是仍盡量貼近事實,我們經過20多年的多變量分析學習和實戰經歷,提供正確的多變量分析研究論文參考範例:有量表的發展、敘述性統計,相關分析、卡方檢定、平均數比較、因素分析、迴歸分析、區別分析和邏輯迴歸、單因素變異數分析、多變量變異數分析、典型相關分析、信度和效度分析、聯合分析多元尺度和集群分析,回歸(Regression) 模型、路徑分析(Path analysis) 和Process功能分析、第二代統計技術–結構方程模式(SEM),終於完成《統計分析入門與應用SPSS (中文版) + SmartPLS 4 (PLS-SEM)》,希望能幫助更多需要資料分析的人,尤其是正確的報告多變量分析的結果。
近年來,多變量統計分析慢慢地產生巨大變化,例如:SEM的演進、以評估研究模式的適配。
發展量表,CB_SEM和PLS_SEM的區別,辨別模式的指定,反映性和形成性指標的發展和模式的指定,二階和高階潛在變數的使用,中介和調節變數的應用,Formative (形成性) 的評估、中介因素的5種型態、調節效果的多種型態、測量恆等性(Measurement Invariance)、MGA呈現的範例、被中介的調節(中介式調節)、被調節的中介(調節式中介)。
作者歷經多場演講和工作坊,也參加多場講座,培訓班,研討會,很多參加者表示不清楚如何正確的提供分析結果,另外,我們審過很多投稿到期刊的論文後,發現很多論文寫得不錯,但是由於分析或報告結果不精確,而被拒稿了。
《統計分析入門與應用SPSS (中文版) + SmartPLS 4 (PLS-SEM)》的完成可以幫助更多需要正確報告多變量分析的研究者,順利發表研究成果於研討會、期刊和碩博士論文。
感謝眾多讀者對於《多變量分析最佳入門實用書SPSS + LISREL》、《統計分析SPSS (中文版) + PLS_SEM (SmartPLS)》和《統計分析入門與應用SPSS (中文版) + SmartPLS 3 (PLS_SEM)》第二版&第三版的厚愛,本書已經更新至SmartPLS 4版本。
钢结构设计外文翻译参考文献
钢结构设计外文翻译参考文献In the United States。
XXX (ASD)。
Plastic Design (PD)。
and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD)。
In ASD。
stress ns are based on first-order elastic analysis。
XXX。
In PD。
first-order plastic hinge analysis is used in structural analysis。
XXX progressive collapse effects are not included in PD。
they are XXX LRFD。
first-order XXX。
and the XXX。
All three design methods require independent checks。
including K factor ns。
In this paper。
XXX structural system and its components are related。
but the current LRFD n of the American Institute of Steel n (AISC) separates them。
In practical ns。
the XXX in the effective length factor。
This is described in the excerpt from the Technical Memorandum on Social Science Research。
Volume 5.Although the maximum internal forces of the structure and the maximum internal forces of the components are interdependent (but not necessarily coexisting)。
对笔记本外观及配置的介绍英语作文
对笔记本外观及配置的介绍英语作文Introducing the Ultimate Laptop: Aesthetic and Performance in Perfect Harmony.In today's fast-paced world, laptops have become an integral part of our daily lives. They are not just tools for work or entertainment but also serve as a statement of personal style and taste. The perfect laptop is a blend of innovative design, powerful performance, and sleek aesthetics. Let's delve into the world of one such laptop that promises to revolutionize the way we look at computing devices.The exterior of this laptop is a masterpiece of industrial design. It boasts a sleek metal chassis that is both durable and elegant, crafted from high-quality aluminum alloy. The chassis is ultra-thin and lightweight, making it easy to carry around while maintaining a robust feel. The laptop's lid is a work of art, with a subtle yet elegant finish that catches the eye. The edges are roundedfor a softer touch, and the hinge is designed for smooth, one-handed opening.The display is a treat for the eyes. It's a high-resolution IPS panel with excellent color reproduction and viewing angles. The brightness and contrast levels are perfect for both indoor and outdoor use, making it idealfor working or watching movies on the go. The bezels around the screen are minimal, giving the laptop a more modern and futuristic look.The keyboard is another highlight of this laptop. It's a full-sized backlit keyboard with well-spaced keys and excellent travel distance. The keys are coated with a soft-touch finish for a comfortable typing experience, and the backlighting ensures visibility even in dimly lit environments. The trackpad is large and responsive, supporting multi-touch gestures for smooth navigation.Under the hood, this laptop packs a powerful punch.It's equipped with the latest generation of processors, ensuring无缝的处理能力和高效的多任务处理能力. Whetheryou're editing videos, gaming, or running resource-intensive software, this laptop can handle it with ease. The graphics card is also top-notch, providing a seamless experience for graphics-intensive tasks like 3D modeling or gaming.The laptop also comes with ample storage and RAM, ensuring quick boot-up times and smooth performance. The battery life is impressive, lasting for hours on a single charge, making it perfect for long flights or road trips. And with fast-charging technology, you can top up the battery in no time.Connectivity options on this laptop are also comprehensive. It has multiple USB ports, an HDMI port, and a Thunderbolt 3 port for high-speed data transfer and charging. Wireless connectivity is provided by the latest Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technologies, ensuring stable connections wherever you are.In terms of audio, the laptop comes with high-quality speakers that deliver crisp and clear sound. Whether you'relistening to music, watching a movie, or attending a Zoom meeting, the audio quality is sure to impress.Security features on this laptop are also robust. It comes with a fingerprint scanner for quick and secure login, and the latest encryption technologies to protect your data.Overall, this laptop is a testament to the perfectblend of aesthetics and performance. It's a device that not only meets your computing needs but also complements your personal style. Whether you're a professional on the go, a student looking for a powerful study partner, or someonewho appreciates fine craftsmanship, this laptop is sure to exceed your expectations.。
高考英语 大题精做10 语法填空(含解析)新人教版-新人教版高三全册英语试题
语法填空考试大纲要求考纲解读在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白,局部空白后面给出单词的根本形式,要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。
语法填空如此更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用,强调词汇的变形。
同时强调语篇分析能力,凸显交际性和语境化特征。
【考点统计】2015—2016年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计年份有提示词类试题无提示词类试题特殊句式与固定搭配谓语动词非谓语动词派生词比拟等级其他冠词名词介词代词情态动词形容\副词并列连词状语从句名词从句定语从句特殊句式固定搭配2017年全国卷I2 2 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 02017年全国卷II2 13 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02016年全国1 2 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0【语法填空解题策略】语法填空题设空设空大致有如下特点:无提示词一般考查:冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等有提示词一般考查:谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。
具体策略:(一)给出动词根本形态,填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词),或填写谓语局部,或是填写非谓语动词;(二)给出词语,词性的变化,如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化,名词的复数形式,给出形容词,需要填写比拟级、最高级,或词性词形转化,转化为副词,或是填写反义词(前缀);(三)给出副词,填写比拟级、最高级,或是填写反义词;(四)不给词语填写限定词的时候,很可能是填冠词、人称代词主格宾格形式,物主代词、反身代词的单复数形式。
形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词;有的名词前有限定词,比如:序数词,形容词的最高级等,其前用定冠词。
Cloze 1〔2017·新课标I卷〕体裁文章话题词数建议时间难度自测正确率说明文人们对于食物中的脂肪和盐分的态度221 10分钟★★★☆☆There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community〔医学界〕 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease —the very thing the medical community was tryingto fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make upfor that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
【工程学科英语(整合第二稿)】 参考答案
Unit OneTask 1⑩④⑧③⑥⑦②⑤①⑨Task 2① be consistent with他说,未来的改革必须符合自由贸易和开放投资的原则。
② specialize in启动成本较低,因为每个企业都可以只专门从事一个很窄的领域。
③ d erive from以上这些能力都源自一种叫机器学习的东西,它在许多现代人工智能应用中都处于核心地位。
④ A range of创业公司和成熟品牌推出的一系列穿戴式产品让人们欢欣鼓舞,跃跃欲试。
⑤ date back to置身硅谷的我们时常淹没在各种"新新"方式之中,我们常常忘记了,我们只是在重新发现一些可追溯至涉及商业根本的朴素教训。
Task 3T F F T FTask 4The most common viewThe principle task of engineering: To take into account the customers ‘ needs and to find the appropriate technical means to accommodate these needs.Commonly accepted claims:Technology tries to find appropriate means for given ends or desires;Technology is applied science;Technology is the aggregate of all technological artifacts;Technology is the total of all actions and institutions required to create artefacts or products and the total of all actions which make use of these artefacts or products.The author’s opinion: it is a viewpoint with flaws.Arguments: It must of course be taken for granted that the given simplified view of engineers with regard to technology has taken a turn within the last few decades. Observable changes: In many technical universities, the inter‐disciplinary courses arealready inherent parts of the curriculum.Task 5① 工程师对于自己的职业行为最常见的观点是:他们是通过应用科学结论来计划、开发、设计和推出技术产品的。
给客户推销相机的英语作文
As a high school student with a keen interest in photography, Ive always been passionate about capturing the world around me. This passion led me to learn about different types of cameras and their capabilities. Recently, I had the opportunity to introduce a new camera model to a potential customer, and Id like to share my experience.It was a sunny Saturday afternoon when I walked into the local electronics store for a parttime job. The store was bustling with people looking for the latest gadgets. I spotted a middleaged man browsing through the camera section, seemingly overwhelmed by the variety of options. Sensing his hesitation, I approached him with a friendly smile.Excuse me, sir, I began, I noticed youre looking at cameras. Id be happy to help you find the perfect one for your needs.He looked relieved and nodded. Im trying to find a camera for my upcoming trip to the mountains. I want something that can capture the beauty of the scenery, but Im not sure which one to choose.I listened carefully to his requirements and decided to introduce him to our latest model, the Eagle Eye 360. This camera is designed for adventurers and nature lovers like him, offering highquality images and a wide range of features.The Eagle Eye 360 is equipped with a 24megapixel sensor, ensuring that every detail of the mountain landscape is captured with clarity, I explained. It also has a 3inch LCD screen, allowing you to easily frame your shots andreview your photos on the spot.The mans eyes lit up with interest, so I continued, One of the standout features of this camera is its 360degree panoramic mode. With just a simple sweep of the lens, you can capture the entire mountain vista in a single, stunning image. Imagine being able to share the breathtaking views with your friends and family as if they were standing right beside you.He seemed impressed but still had some concerns. That sounds great, but what about the battery life? Ill be out in the wilderness for days, and I dont want to worry about recharging.I smiled, confident in the cameras capabilities. The Eagle Eye 360 has an impressive battery life of up to 500 shots on a single charge. Plus, its compatible with standard AA batteries, so you can easily replace them if needed. You wont have to worry about running out of power during your trip.As we continued our conversation, I showed him the cameras other features, such as its builtin GPS for geotagging your photos, its weatherresistant body for protection against the elements, and its userfriendly interface for easy operation even for beginners.The man was clearly intrigued and asked to test the camera. I handed it to him, and he took a few test shots, marveling at the image quality and ease of use. After a few more questions and a comparison with other models, he finally decided to purchase the Eagle Eye 360.As he walked out of the store with his new camera, I felt a sense of accomplishment. Not only had I helped him find the perfect tool for his mountain adventure, but I had also gained valuable experience in sales and customer service.This experience taught me the importance of understanding the customers needs, showcasing the products features effectively, and addressing any concerns they might have. Its not just about selling a product its about creating a connection and ensuring that the customer is satisfied with their purchase.In conclusion, introducing a camera to a customer involves more than just listing its specifications. Its about understanding their needs, showcasing the cameras capabilities, and providing a solution that meets their requirements. As a high school student, this experience has not only enhanced my knowledge of cameras but also given me insights into the world of sales and customer relations.。
建模思想在《Petri网理论与应用》教学中的渗透
本栏目责任编辑:王力计算机教学与教育信息化建模思想在《Petri 网理论与应用》教学中的渗透王丽丽,方贤文(安徽理工大学数学与大数据学院,安徽淮南232001)摘要:文章阐述了《Petri 网理论与应用》的教学目的和性质,指出了传统教学方法及手段的弊端,说明了在课堂教学中引入建模思想的必要性和重要性。
将建模思想贯穿于课程教学过程中,是提高学生的知识综合运用能力、培养学生发现问题-分析问题-解决问题的能力的必然举措。
通过实例详细讲解了建模思想在实际问题的求解中的应用,通过建模思想的渗透有效地改善了教学效果,提高了学生实践能力。
关键词:Petri 网;建模思想;教学研究;实际应用中图分类号:G642文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-3044(2020)35-0146-03开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID ):The Penetration of Modeling Thought in the Teaching of "Petri Net Theory and Application"WANG Li-li ,FANG Xian-wen(School of Mathematics and Big Data,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001China)Abstract:The paper elaborates the teaching purposes and its features of “The theory and application of Petri net ”,and points out the disadvantages of traditional teaching methods,emphasizing the necessity and importance of introducing modeling ideas into classroom teaching.It is a necessary measure to merge modeling idea into course teaching in order to enhance students ’abilities of applying theory into reality and train students ’ability of finding,analyzing and solving problems.The application of modeling ideas in solving practical problems is detailed by some examples.The introduction of modeling idea effectively improves teaching effects and students ’practical ability.Key words:Petri Nets;modeling idea;teaching research;practical applicationPetri 网于1962年首次被德国的Carl Adam Petri 在其博士论文“Communication with Automata ”中提出,其主要应用于分布式系统的建模与分析,特别适合描述冲突和并发关系[1]。
generative ai exists because of the transformer文章
generative ai exists because of the transformer文章Generative AI Exists Because of the TransformerIntroductionArtificial Intelligence (AI) has made significant advancements in recent years, particularly in the field of natural language processing and generative models. These models have become more sophisticated, thanks to the invention of a powerful neural network architecture known as the Transformer. This revolutionary model has transformed the way AI generates human-like text, enabling applications such as language translation, chatbots, and even creative writing. In this article, we will explore the origins of the Transformer and how it has paved the way for generative AI.The Birth of the TransformerThe Transformer model was introduced in a groundbreaking paper in 2017 by Vaswani et al. at Google. At the time, recurrent neural networks (RNNs), such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), were the go-to choice for sequence modeling tasks. However, RNNs had several limitations in processing long-range dependencies and parallelization.The Transformer model addressed these limitations by introducing a novel self-attention mechanism. This self-attention mechanism allowed the model to weigh different words in a sequence, capturing both local and global dependencies more effectively. It also enabled parallel processing of words in the sequence, leading to faster training and inference times. This breakthrough opened upnew possibilities for sequence modeling tasks.The Power of AttentionThe self-attention mechanism lies at the heart of the Transformer model's success. Attention allows the model to focus on different parts of the input sequence, assigning different levels of importance to each word. This mechanism helps the model understand the relationships between words, making it more capable of generating coherent and contextually accurate text.The attention mechanism works by creating three matrices: the Query matrix, the Key matrix, and the Value matrix. These matrices are derived from the input sequence and are used to compute the attention scores between the words. The attention scores determine the level of importance given to each word when generating the output sequence.The flexibility and power of the attention mechanism have made the Transformer model excel in various tasks, such as machine translation, text summarization, and question answering. By attending to different parts of the input sequence, the model can capture both local and global dependencies, leading to more accurate and contextually relevant responses.Transformer-Based Generative AIThe Transformer model's attention mechanism has not only revolutionized sequence modeling tasks but has also paved the way for generative AI. Generative AI refers to the ability of AI systemsto create new, human-like content, such as text, images, or even music. With the Transformer's attention mechanism, AI can generate coherent and contextually accurate text, making it ideal for creative writing, conversational agents, and content creation.One of the most popular applications of generative AI powered by the Transformer is language translation. Traditionally, statistical machine translation models relied on static alignment models and phrase-based translation approaches. However, the Transformer's attention mechanism allows the model to attend to different parts of the input and output sequences, capturing more nuanced relationships between the languages. This has significantly improved translation accuracy and fluency, enabling real-time translation services.Another area where the Transformer has made an impact is in the development of chatbots and conversational agents. By training the model on large amounts of dialogue data, it can generate human-like responses to user queries. The attention mechanism enables the model to understand the context and fine-grained nuances in the conversation, resulting in more natural and interactive dialogue systems.Even in creative writing, the Transformer has demonstrated its potential. By training the model on a vast corpus of literature, it can generate original stories, dialogues, and poems. While the generated content may not match the creativity and depth of human-authored works, it showcases the potential of AI as a creative tool.ConclusionThe Transformer model has undoubtedly revolutionized the field of generative AI. By introducing the attention mechanism, it has made AI systems more capable of processing long-range dependencies and capturing nuanced relationships between words. This breakthrough has paved the way for applications such as language translation, chatbots, and creative writing.However, generative AI still faces challenges, such as the generation of biased or inappropriate content and maintaining ethical standards. As researchers push the boundaries of generative AI, it is essential to ensure responsible development and deployment of these models. With the power of the Transformer and the continuous efforts in research and development, generative AI has the potential to transform various industries and enhance human creativity.。
2024年最新科学技术进展及应用解读
2024年最新科学技术进展及应用解读1. Introduction1.1 Overview:Rapid advancements in science and technology have revolutionized various aspects of human life, leading to significant breakthroughs in diverse fields. As we approach the year 2024, it is crucial to gain insights into the latest scientific and technological developments and analyze their applications in our everyday lives. This article aims to provide a comprehensive interpretation of the most recent progress in science and technology and its potential impact on society.1.2 Article Structure:The article is divided into several sections, each focusing on a specific domain of scientific advancement. The following sections will be covered:1) Advancements in Life Sciences: This section explores the cutting-edge breakthroughs in gene editing techniques, the expanding applications of biomedical engineering, and trends in cloning technology.2) Progress in Information Technology: This section delves into the groundbreaking advancements in quantum computing, the broader application of deep learning in artificial intelligence, and the exploration of new applications using blockchain technology.3) Developments in Environmental Science: Here, we analyze innovations in clean energy technologies, optimization of climate change prediction models, and novel approaches for ecosystem conservation and restoration.4) Conclusion and Prospects: The final section provides an overview of current trends and limitations pertaining to technological development. Furthermore, it offers insights into the prospects and challenges that await us in 2024 regarding scientific advancements. Additionally, it will explore the expectations and demands from both individuals' lives as well as societal and global development towards science and technology by that time.1.3 Purpose:The purpose of this article is to shed light on the latest scientific breakthroughs anticipated by 2024. By exploring these advancements across various domains such as life sciences, information technology, andenvironmental science, we seek to foster a better understanding of how these developments can shape our future. Through this comprehensive analysis of evolving technologies' potential applications, we aim to encourage further discussions on both individual aspirations and societal needs regarding science and technology.2. 生命科学领域进展:2.1 基因编辑技术突破:在2024年,基因编辑技术将迎来重大的突破和发展。
3dmax英文翻译
编辑器菜单翻译:SELECTION MODIFIERS 选择修改器MESH SELECT 网格选择POL Y SELECT 多边形选择PATCH SELECT 面片选择SPLINE SELECT 样条线选择FFD SELECT FFD选择SELECT BY CHANNEL 按通道选择SURFACE SELECT(NSURF SEL)NURBS 曲面选择PATCH/SPLINE EDITING 面片/样条线编辑EDIT PA TCH 编辑面片EDIT SPLINE 编辑样条线CROSS SECTION 横截面SURFACE 曲面DELETE PATCH 删除面片DELETE SPLINE 删除样条线LATHE 车削旋转NORMALIZE SPLINE 规格化样条线FILLET/CHAMFER 圆角/切角TRIM/EXTEND 修剪/延伸RENDERABLE SPLINE 可渲染样条线SWEEP 扫描MESH EDITING 网格编辑DELETE MESH 删除网格EDIT MESH 编辑网格EDIT POL Y 编辑多边形EXTRUDE 挤出FACE EXTRUDE 面挤出NORMAL 法线SMOOTH 平滑BEVEL 倒角、斜切BEVEL PROFILE 倒角剖面TESSELLATE 细化STL CHECK STL检查CAP HOLES 补洞VERTEXPAINT 顶点绘制OPTIMIZE 优化MULTIRES 多分辨率VERTEX WELD 顶点焊接SYMMETRY 对称EDIT NORMALS 编辑法线EDITABLE POL Y 可编辑多边形EDIT GEOMETRY 编辑几何体SUBDIVISION SURFACE 细分曲面SUBDIVISION DISPLACEMENT 细分置换PAINT DEFORMATION 绘制变形CONVERSION 转化TURN TO PATCH 转换为面片TURN TO MESH 转换为网格ANIMATION MODIFIERS 动画EDIT ENVELOPE 编辑封套WEIGHT PROPERTIES 权重属性MIRROR PARAMETERS 镜像参数DISPLAY 显示ADV ANCED PARAMETERS 高级参数GIZMO 变形器MORPHER 变形器CHANNEL COLOR LEGEND 通道颜色图例GLOBAL PARAMETERS 全局参数CHANNEL LIST 通道列表CHANNEL PARAMETERS 通道参数ADV ANCED PARAMETERS 高级参数FLEX 柔体PARAMETERS 参数SIMPLE SOFT BODIES 简章软体WEIGHTS AND PAINTING 权重和绘制FORCES AND DEFLECTORS 力和导向器ADV ANCED PARAMETERS 高级参数ADV ANCED SPRINGS 高级弹力线MELT 融化LINKED XFORM 链接变换PATCH DEFORM 面片变形PATH DEFORM 路径变形SURF DEFORM 曲面变形PATCH DEFORM(WSM)面片变形(WSM)PATH DEFORM(WSM)路径变形(WSM)SURF DEFORM(WSM)曲面变形(WSM)SKIN MORPH 蒙皮变形SKIN WRAP 蒙皮包裹SKIN WRAP PATCH 蒙皮包裹面片SPLINE IK CONTROL 样条线IK控制ATTRIBUTE HOLDER 属性承载器UV COORDINA TES MODIFIERS UV坐标修改器UVW MAP UVW贴图UNWRAP UVW 展开UVWUVW XFORM UVW变换MAPSCALER(WSM)贴图缩放器(WSM)MAPSCALER 贴图缩放器(OSM)CAMERA MAP 摄影机贴图CAMERA MAP(WSM)摄影机贴图(WSM)SURFACE MAPPER(WSM)曲面贴图(WSM)PROJECTION 投影UVW MAPPING ADD UVW贴图添加UVW MAPPING CLEAR UVW贴图清除POINT CACHE 点缓存POINT CACHE(WSM)点缓存(WSM)SUBDIVISION SURFACES 细分曲面TURBOSMOOTH 涡轮平滑MESHSMOOTH 网格平滑HSDS MODIFIER HSDS修改器FREE FORM DEFORMA TIONS 自由形式变形FFD MODIFIERS FFD修改FFD BOX/CYLINDER FFD长方形/圆柱体PARAMETRIC MODIFIERS 参数化修改器BEND 弯曲TAPER 锥化TWIST 扭曲NOISE 噪波STRETCH 拉伸、伸展SQUEEZE 挤压PUSH 推力RELAX 松弛RIPPLE 涟漪WA VE 波浪SKEW 倾斜ALICE 切片SPHERIFY 球形化AFFECT REGION 影响区域LATTICE 晶格MIRROR 镜像DISPLACE 置换XFORM 变换SUBSTITUTE 替换PRESERVE 保留SHELL 壳SURFACE 曲面MATERIAL 材质MATERIAL BY ELEMENT 按元素分配材质DISP APPROX 置换近似DISPLACE MESH(WSM)置换网格(WSM)DISPLACE NURBS(WSM)置换网格(WSM)RADIOSITY MODIFIERS 沟通传递修改器SUBDIVIDE(WSM)细分(WSM)SUBDIVIDE 细分材质编辑器:Reglection(反射)Basic Parameters(基本参数) Refraction(折射).Ambient(环境反射) 3D Procedural Maps(三维贴图) .Diffuse(漫反射) Face-mapped(面贴图)Extended Parameters(扩展参数)Maps(贴图).Bitmap(位图).Checker(棋盘格) 复合材质.Gradient(渐变) Double Sided(双面).Adobe Photoshop Plug-In Filter(PS滤镜)Blend(混合).Adove Premiere Video Filter(PM滤镜) Matte/Shoadow() .Cellular(细胞) Multi/Sub-object(多重子物体).Dent(凹痕) Raytrace(光线追踪).Noise(干扰) Top/Bottom(项底).Splat(油彩).Matrble(大理石).Wood(木纹).Water(水) Time Configuration(时间帧速率).Falloff(衰减) Frame Rate(帧速率).Flat Mirror(镜面反射) NTSC(NTSC制式).Mask(罩框) Film(胶片速度).Mix(混合) PAL(PAL制式).Output(输出) Custom(自定义).Planet(行星).Raytrace(光线跟踪).Reglect/Refrace(反射/折射).Smoke(烟雾) Create(创建).Speckle(斑纹) Helpers(帮助物体).Stucco(泥灰) Dummy(虚拟体).Vertex Color(项点颜色) Forward Kinematics(正向运动) .Composite(合成贴图) Inverse Kinematics(反向运动).Particle age(粒子寿命).Patticle Mblur(粒子模糊)参数区卷展栏:Shader Basic Parameters(着色基本参数区).Blinn(宾氏).Anisotropic(各向异性).Metal(金属).Multi-layer(多层式).Phong(方氏) 塑性.Oren-Nayar-Blinn(表面粗糙的对象).Strauss(具有简单的光影分界线).Wire(线架结构显示模式).2-Sided(双面材质显示).Face Map(将材质赋予对象所有的面).Faceted(将材质以面的形式赋予对象)Blinn Basic Patameters(宾氏基本参数区).Diffuse(固有色).Ambient(阴影色).Self-Illumination(自发光).Opacity(不透明度).Specular Highlights(高光曲线区)..Specular Level(高光级别)..Glossiness(光泽度)..Soften(柔和度)Extended Parameters(扩展参数区).Falloff(衰减).Filer(过滤法).Subtractive(删减法).Additive(递增法).Index of Refraction(折射率).Wire(线架材质).Reflection Dimming(反射暗淡)SuperSampling(超级样本)Maps(贴图区).Ambient Color(阴影色贴图).Diffuse Color(固有色贴图).Specular Color(高光色贴图).Glossiness(光泽度贴图).Self-Illmination(自发光贴图).Opacity(不透明贴图).Filter Color(过滤色贴图).Bump(凹凸贴图).Reflction(反射贴图).Refraction(折射贴图)..Refract Map/Ray Trace IOR(折射贴图/光线跟踪折射率) .Displacement(置换贴图)Dvnamics Properties(动力学属性区)材质类型Blend(混合材质).Material#1(材质#1).Material#2(材质#2).Mask(遮罩).Interactive(交互).Mix Amount(混合数值).Mixing Curve(混合曲线).Use Curve(使用曲线).Transition Zone(交换区域)Composite(合成材质).Composite Bisic Parameters(合成材质基础参数区)..Base Material(基本材质)..Mat.1~Mat.9(材质1~材质9)Double Sided(双面材质).Translucency(半透明) 贴图类型.Facing material(表面材质) Bitmap(位图)Matte/Shadow(投影材质) Checker(棋盘格).Matte(不可见) Composite(合成贴图).Atmosphere(大气) Dent(凹痕贴图)..Apply Atmosphere(加入大气环境) Falloff(衰减)..At Background Depth(在背景深度) Flat Mirror(镜面反射) ..At Object Depth(在物体深度) Gradient(渐变).Shadow(阴影) Marble(大理石)..Receive Shadow(接受阴影) Madk(罩框)..Shadow Brightness(阴影的亮度) Mix(混合).Reflection(反射) Noise(干扰)Morpher(形态结构贴图) Output(输出)Muti/Sub-Object(多重子物体材质) Partcle Age(粒子寿命) .Set Number(设置数目) Perlin Marble(珍珠岩).Number Of Materials(材质数目) Planet(行星)Raytrace(光线追踪材质) Raytrance(光线跟踪).Shading(明暗) Reflect/Refract(反射/折射).2-Sided(双面) RGB Multiply(RGB倍增).Face Map(面贴图) RGB Tint(RGB染色).Wire(线框) Smoke(烟雾).Super Sample(超级样本) Speckle(斑纹).Ambient(阴影色) Splat(油彩).Diffuse(固有色) Stucco(泥灰).Reflect(反射) Thin Wall Refraction(薄壁折射).Luminosity(发光度) Vertex Color(项点颜色).Transparency(透明) Water(水).Index Of Refr(折射率) Wood(木纹).Specular Highlight(反射高光)..Specular Color(高光反射颜色)..Shininess(反射)..Shiness Strength(反光强度).Environment(环境贴图).Bump(凹凸贴图)Shellac(虫漆材质).Base Material(基础材质).Shellac Material(虫漆材质).Shellac Color Blend(虫漆颜色混合)Standard(标准材质)Top/Bottom(项/底材质).Top Material(项材质).Bottom Material(底材质).Swap(置换).Coordinates(坐标轴).Blend(融合).Possition(状态)FILE(文件) EDIT(编辑)Rest(重置) Undo(撤消)XRef Objects(外部参考物体) Clone(复制)XRef Scenes(外部参考场景) Delete(删除)Merge(合并) Select All(对象选择)Replace(替换) Select None(取消对象)Import(输入) Select Invert(对象反转)Export(输出) Hold(保存)Archive(压缩存盘) Fetch(取出)View File(观看文件) Select BY(根据..选择)Select By Color(根据颜色..选择)Select By Name(根据名字..选择)Region(区域)Edit Named Selections(编辑已命名被选物)Properties(属性)TOOLS(工具菜单) GROUP(分组菜单)Mirror(镜像) Group(分组)Array(阵列) Open(打开)Align(对齐) Close(关闭)Place Highlight(放置高亮区) Ungroup(解除群组)Align Camera(对齐摄像机) Explode(分解)Scaping Tool(间距修改工具) Detach(分离)Transform Type-In(输入变换坐标) Attach(合并)Display Floater(显示浮动物体)Hide(隐藏)Freeze(冻结)Selection Floater(选择浮动物体)Snapshot(快照复制)Normal Align(法向对齐)Material Editor(材质编辑器)Material/Map Browser(材质/贴图浏览器)Object(物体工具栏) Create(创建命令面板)Compounds(复合工具栏) Modify(修改命令面板)Lighes&Cameras(光线和照相机工具栏) Hierarchy(层级命令面板) Particles(粒子系统工具栏) Motion(运动命令面板)Helpers(帮助物体工具栏) Display(显示命令面板)Space Warps(空间扭曲工具栏) Utilities(实用程序)Modifiers(修改工具栏)Rendering(渲染工具栏)Shapes(二维图形工具栏)Modeling(造型修改工具栏)MODIFIER STACK(编辑修改器堆栈) 布尔运算与克隆对象Pin Stack(钉住堆栈状态) Union(并集)Active/Inactive(激活/不激活切换) Subtraction(差集)Show End Result(显示最后结果) Intersection(交集)Remove Modifier(删除编辑修改器) Instance(关联复制)Edit Stack(编辑堆栈对话框) Reference(参考复制)控制器械的种类二维项点Track View(轨迹视图) Smooth(光滑项点)Assign Controller(指定控制器) Corner(边角项点)Replace Controller(替换控制器) Bezier(Bezier项点).Linear Controller(直线控制器) Bezier Corner(Bezier角点).TCB Contriller(TCB控制器)).Contriller(连续).Path Controller(路径控制器).List Controller(列表控制器).Expression Controller(噪声控制器).Look At(看着)三维造型Deformations(变形控制)Box(盒子) Scale(缩放)Cone(圆锥体) Twist(扭曲)Sphere(球体) Teeter(轴向变形)Geosphere(经纬球) Bevel(倒角)Cylinder(柱体) Fit(适配变形)Tube(管子)Torus(圆环)Pyramid(金字塔)Teapot(茶壶)Plane(平面)灯光类型摄像机类型Omni(泛光灯) Target(目标).General Parameters(普通参数) .Lens(镜头尺寸).Projector Parameters(投射贴图) .FOV(视域范围).Attenuation Parameters(衰减参数) .Stock Lenses(镜头类型).Shadow Parameters(阴影参数) .Show Core(显示视域范围).Shadow Map Params(阴影贴图参数) .Show Horizor(显示地平线) Target Spot(目标聚光灯) .Near Range(最近范围)Free SPot(自由聚光灯) .Far Range(最远范围)Target Direct(目标平行光灯)Render Scene(渲染).Rime Output(输出时间)..Single(渲染单帖)..Range(所有帖).Output Size(输出尺寸)Rendering(渲染)/Environment(环境) 粒子系统Background(背景) Spray(喷射)Atmosphere(大气) Blizzard(暴风雪) Combustion(燃烧) PArray(粒子列阵) Volume Light(体光) Pcloud(粒子云) Fog(雾) Super Spray(超级喷射).Standard(标准).Layered(分层)V olume Fog(体雾)快捷菜单:A-角度捕捉开关B-切换到底视图C-切换到摄象机视图D-封闭视窗E-切换到轨迹视图F-切换到前视图G-切换到网格视图H-显示通过名称选择对话框I-交互式平移J-选择框显示切换K-切换到背视图L-切换到左视图M-材质编辑器N-动画模式开关O-自适应退化开关P-切换到透视用户视图Q-显示选定物体三角形数目R-切换到右视图S-捕捉开关T-切换到顶视图U-切换到等角用户视图V-旋转场景W-最大化视窗开关X-中心点循环Y-工具样界面转换Z-缩放模式[-交互式移近]-交互式移远/-播放动画F1-帮助文件F3-线框与光滑高亮显示切换F4-Edged Faces显示切换F5-约束到X轴方向F6-约束到Y轴方向F7-约束到Z轴方向F8-约束轴面循环F9-快速渲染F10-渲染场景F12-键盘输入变换Delete-删除选定物体SPACE-选择集锁定开关END-进到最后一帧HOME-进到起始帧INSERT-循环子对象层级PAGEUP-选择父系PAGEDOWN-选择子系CTRL+A-重做场景操作CTRL+B-子对象选择开关CTRL+F-循环选择模式CTRL+L-默认灯光开关CTRL+N-新建场景CTRL+O-打开文件CTRL+P-平移视图CTRL+R-旋转视图模式CTRL+S-保存文件CTRL+T-纹理校正CTRL+T-打开工具箱(Nurbs曲面建模)CTRL+W-区域缩放模式CTRL+Z-取消场景操作CTRL+SPACE-创建定位锁定键SHIFT+A-重做视图操作SHIFT+B-视窗立方体模式开关SHIFT+C-显示摄象机开关SHIFT+E-以前次参数设置进行渲染SHIFT+F-显示安全框开关SHIFT+G-显示网络开关SHIFT+H-显示辅助物体开关SHIFT+I-显示最近渲染生成的图象SHIFT+L-显示灯光开关SHIFT+O-显示几何体开关SHIFT+P-显示粒子系统开关SHIFT+Q-快速渲染SHIFT+R-渲染场景SHIFT+S-显示形状开关SHIFT+W-显示空间扭曲开关SHIFT+Z-取消视窗操作SHIFT+4-切换到聚光灯/平行灯光视图SHIFT+\-交换布局SHIFT+SPACE-创建旋转锁定键ALT+S-网格与捕捉设置ALT+SPACE-循环通过捕捉ALT+CTRL+Z-场景范围充满视窗ALT+CTRL+SPACE-偏移捕捉SHIFT+CTRL+A-自适应透视网线开关SHIFT+CTRL+P-百分比捕捉开关标题栏翻译:一、File<文件>New-----------------------〈新建〉Reset---------------------〈重置〉Open----------------------〈打开〉Save-----------------------〈保存〉Save As-------------------〈保存为〉Save selected----------〈保存选择〉XRef Objects -----------〈外部引用物体〉XRef Scenes -----------〈外部引用场景〉Merge --------------------〈合并〉Merge Animation--------〈合并动画动作〉Replace------------------〈替换〉Import---------------------〈输入〉Export---------------------〈输出〉Export Selected----------〈选择输出〉Archive--------------------〈存档〉Summary Info-----------〈摘要信息〉File Properties----------〈文件属性〉View Image File--------〈显示图像文件〉History--------------------〈历史〉Exit----------------------〈退出〉二、Edit〈菜单〉Undo or Redo----------〈取消/重做〉Hold and fetch---------〈保留/引用〉Delete----------------〈删除〉Clone--------------------〈克隆〉Select All-----------------〈全部选择〉Select None-------------〈空出选择〉Select Invert-------------〈反向选择〉Select By-----------------〈参考选择〉Color--------------------〈颜色选择〉Name---------------------〈名字选择〉Rectangular Region-----〈矩形选择〉Circular Region--------〈圆形选择〉Fabce Region----------〈连点选择〉Lasso Region----------〈套索选择〉Region:-------------------〈区域选择〉Window-----------------〈包含〉Crossing-----------------〈相交〉Named Selection Sets〈命名选择集〉Object Properties--------〈物体属性〉三、Tools〈工具〉TransfromType-In------〈键盘输入变换〉Display Floater-----------〈视窗显示浮动对话框〉Selection Floater--------〈选择器浮动对话框〉Light Lister----------------〈灯光列表〉Mirror-----------------------〈镜像物体〉Array------------------------〈阵列〉Align-----------------------〈对齐〉Snapshot------------------〈快照〉Spacing Tool-------------〈间距分布工具〉Normal Align-------------〈法线对齐〉Align Camera------------〈相机对齐〉Align to View--------------〈视窗对齐〉Place Highlight-----------〈放置高光〉Isolate Selection---------〈隔离选择〉Rename Objects----------〈物体更名〉四、Group〈群组〉Group-----------------------〈群组〉Ungroup-------------------〈撤消群组〉Open-----------------------〈开放组〉Close-----------------------〈关闭组〉Attach-----------------------〈配属〉Detach---------------------〈分离〉Explode--------------------〈分散组〉五、Views〈查看〉Undo View Change/Redo View change〈取消/重做视窗变化〉Save Active View/Restore Active View〈保存/还原当前视窗〉Viewport Configuration--------------〈视窗配置〉Grids----------------------------------〈栅格〉Show Home Grid------------------〈显示栅格命令〉Activate Home Grid---------------〈活跃原始栅格命令〉Activate Grid Object---------------〈活跃栅格物体命令〉Activate Grid to View--------------〈栅格及视窗对齐命令〉Viewport Background------------〈视窗背景〉Update Background Image-----〈更新背景〉Reset Background Transfrom〈重置背景变换〉Show TransfromGizmo---------〈显示变换坐标系〉Show Ghosting--------------------〈显示重橡〉Show Key Times------------------〈显示时间键〉Shade Selected-------------------〈选择亮显〉Show Dependencies------------〈显示关联物体〉Match Camera to View----------〈相机与视窗匹配〉Add Default Lights To Scene-〈增加场景缺省灯光〉Redraw All Views----------------〈重画所有视窗〉Activate All Maps------------------〈显示所有贴图〉Deactivate All Maps--------------〈关闭显示所有贴图〉Update During Spinner Drag --〈微调时实时显示〉Adaptive Degradation Toggle---〈绑定适应消隐〉Expert Mode----------------------〈专家模式〉六、Create〈创建〉Standard Primitives--------------〈标准图元〉Box------------------------------------〈立方体〉Cone---------------------------------〈圆锥体〉Sphere-------------------------------〈球体〉GeoSphere-------------------------〈三角面片球体〉Cylinder-----------------------------〈圆柱体〉Tube---------------------------------〈管状体〉Torus--------------------------------〈圆环体〉Pyramid-----------------------------〈角锥体〉Plane--------------------------------〈平面〉Teapot-------------------------------〈茶壶〉Extended Primitives-------------〈扩展图元〉Hedra--------------------------------〈多面体〉Torus Knot-------------------------〈环面纽结体〉Chamfer Box----------------------〈斜切立方体〉Chamfer Cylinder----------------〈斜切圆柱体〉Oil Tank----------------------------〈桶状体〉Capsule----------------------------〈角囊体〉Spindle-----------------------------〈纺锤体〉L-Extrusion------------------------〈L形体按钮〉Gengon-----------------------------〈导角棱柱〉C-Extrusion-----------------------〈C形体按钮〉RingWave-------------------------〈环状波〉Hose--------------------------------〈软管体〉Prism-------------------------------〈三棱柱〉Shapes----------------------------〈形状〉Line---------------------------------〈线条〉Text----------------------------------〈文字〉Arc-----------------------------------〈弧〉Circle-------------------------------〈圆〉Donut-------------------------------〈圆环〉Ellipse------------------------------〈椭圆〉Helix--------------------------------〈螺旋线〉NGon-------------------------------〈多边形〉Rectangle-------------------------〈矩形〉Section-----------------------------〈截面〉Star---------------------------------〈星型〉Lights------------------------------〈灯光〉Target Spotlight-----------------〈目标聚光灯〉Free Spotlight--------------------〈自由聚光灯〉Target Directional Light-------〈目标平行光〉Directional Light----------------〈平行光〉Omni Light-----------------------〈泛光灯〉Skylight----------------------------〈天光〉Target Point Light--------------〈目标指向点光源〉Free Point Light----------------〈自由点光源〉Target Area Light--------------〈指向面光源〉IES Sky---------------------------〈IES天光〉IES Sun--------------------------〈IES阳光〉SuNLIGHT System and Daylight〈太阳光及日光系统〉Camera--------------------------〈相机〉Free Camera-------------------〈自由相机〉Target Camera----------------〈目标相机〉Particles-------------------------〈粒子系统〉Blizzard--------------------------〈暴风雪系统〉PArray----------------------------〈粒子阵列系统〉PCloud---------------------------〈粒子云系统〉Snow------------------------------〈雪花系统〉Spray-----------------------------〈喷溅系统〉Super Spray--------------------〈超级喷射系统〉七、Modifiers〈修改器〉Selection Modifiers〈选择修改器〉Mesh Select〈网格选择修改器〉Poly Select〈多边形选择修改器〉Patch Select〈面片选择修改器〉Spline Select〈样条选择修改器〉Volume Select〈体积选择修改器〉FFD Select〈自由变形选择修改器〉NURBS Surface Select〈NURBS表面选择修改器〉Patch/Spline Editing〈面片/样条线修改器〉:Edit Patch〈面片修改器〉Edit Spline〈样条线修改器〉Cross Section〈截面相交修改器〉Surface〈表面生成修改器〉Delete Patch〈删除面片修改器〉Delete Spline〈删除样条线修改器〉Lathe〈车床修改器〉Normalize Spline〈规格化样条线修改器〉Fillet/Chamfer〈圆切及斜切修改器〉Trim/Extend〈修剪及延伸修改器〉Mesh Editing〈表面编辑〉Cap Holes〈顶端洞口编辑器〉Delete Mesh〈编辑网格物体编辑器〉Edit Normals〈编辑法线编辑器〉Extrude〈挤压编辑器〉Face Extrude〈面拉伸编辑器〉Normal〈法线编辑器〉Optimize〈优化编辑器〉Smooth〈平滑编辑器〉STL Check〈STL检查编辑器〉Symmetry〈对称编辑器〉Tessellate〈镶嵌编辑器〉Vertex Paint〈顶点着色编辑器〉Vertex Weld〈顶点焊接编辑器〉Animation Modifiers〈动画编辑器〉Skin〈皮肤编辑器〉Morpher〈变体编辑器〉Flex〈伸缩编辑器〉Melt〈熔化编辑器〉Linked XForm〈连结参考变换编辑器〉Patch Deform〈面片变形编辑器〉Path Deform〈路径变形编辑器〉Surf Deform〈表面变形编辑器〉* Surf Deform〈空间变形编辑器〉UV Coordinates〈贴图轴坐标系〉UVW Map〈UVW贴图编辑器〉UVW Xform〈UVW贴图参考变换编辑器〉Unwrap UVW〈展开贴图编辑器〉Camera Map〈相机贴图编辑器〉* Camera Map〈环境相机贴图编辑器〉Cache Tools〈捕捉工具〉Point Cache〈点捕捉编辑器〉Subdivision Surfaces〈表面细分〉MeshSmooth〈表面平滑编辑器〉HSDS Modifier〈分级细分编辑器〉Free Form Deformers〈自由变形工具〉FFD 2×2×2/FFD 3×3×3/FFD 4×4×4〈自由变形工具2×2×2/3×3×3/4×4×4〉FFD Box/FFD Cylinder〈盒体和圆柱体自由变形工具〉Parametric Deformers〈参数变形工具〉Bend〈弯曲〉Taper〈锥形化〉Twist〈扭曲〉Noise〈噪声〉Stretch〈缩放〉Squeeze〈压榨〉Push〈推挤〉Relax〈松弛〉Ripple〈波纹〉Wave〈波浪〉Skew〈倾斜〉Slice〈切片〉Spherify〈球形扭曲〉Affect Region〈面域影响〉Lattice〈栅格〉Mirror〈镜像〉Displace〈置换〉XForm〈参考变换〉Preserve〈保持〉Surface〈表面编辑〉Material〈材质变换〉Material By Element〈元素材质变换〉Disp Approx〈近似表面替换〉NURBS Editing〈NURBS面编辑〉NURBS Surface Select〈NURBS表面选择〉Surf Deform〈表面变形编辑器〉Disp Approx〈近似表面替换〉Radiosity Modifiers〈光能传递修改器〉Subdivide〈细分〉* Subdivide〈超级细分〉八、Character〈角色人物〉Create Character〈创建角色〉Destroy Character〈删除角色〉Lock/Unlock〈锁住与解锁〉Insert Character〈插入角色〉Save Character〈保存角色〉Bone Tools〈骨骼工具〉Set Skin Pose〈调整皮肤姿势〉Assume Skin Pose〈还原姿势〉Skin Pose Mode〈表面姿势模式〉九、Animation〈动画〉IK Solvers〈反向动力学〉HI Solver〈非历史性控制器〉HD Solver〈历史性控制器〉IK Limb Solver〈反向动力学肢体控制器〉SplineIK Solver〈样条反向动力控制器〉Constraints〈约束〉Attachment Constraint〈附件约束〉Surface Constraint〈表面约束〉Path Constraint〈路径约束〉Position Constraint〈位置约束〉Link Constraint〈连结约束〉LookAt Constraint〈视觉跟随约束〉Orientation Constraint〈方位约束〉Transform Constraint〈变换控制〉Link Constraint〈连接约束〉Position/Rotation/Scale〈PRS控制器〉Transform Script〈变换控制脚本〉Position Controllers〈位置控制器〉Audio〈音频控制器〉Bezier〈贝塞尔曲线控制器〉Expression〈表达式控制器〉Linear〈线性控制器〉Motion Capture〈动作捕捉〉Noise〈燥波控制器〉Quatermion(TCB)〈TCB控制器〉Reactor〈反应器〉Spring〈弹力控制器〉Script〈脚本控制器〉XYZ〈XYZ位置控制器〉Attachment Constraint〈附件约束〉Path Constraint〈路径约束〉Position Constraint〈位置约束〉Surface Constraint〈表面约束〉Rotation Controllers〈旋转控制器〉注:该命令工十一个子菜单。
关于手表的英文小作文
关于手表的英文小作文The Enchanting World of Watches.In the realm of precision and elegance, watches stand as timeless testaments to craftsmanship and design. They are not just timekeepers; they are extensions of our personalities, reflecting our tastes, styles, and aspirations. The intricate mechanisms, the fine details, and the story behind each watch make them more than just accessories; they are personal narratives.From the ancient water clocks of Egypt to the intricate mechanical marvels of today, watches have come a long way. Each era has left its own unique imprint on the horological world, shaping it into what it is today. The early pocket watches, with their intricate gears and springs, were the precursors of the wristwatches we wear today.The 20th century saw a significant evolution in watchmaking. With the advent of quartz technology, watchesbecame more accurate and reliable. The advent of digital watches in the 1970s marked a further shift, introducing features like alarms, timers, and calculators. But even with all these advancements, the analog watch still holds a special place in people's hearts.The analog watch, with its classic design and timeless elegance, is a symbol of elegance and refinement. The intricate details of the dial, the smooth sweep of the second hand, and the quiet ticking of the mechanism all contribute to its charm. Whether it's a simple three-hand watch or a complicated chronograph, each analog watch tells a story of precision and craftsmanship.On the other hand, digital watches offer a different kind of utility and convenience. With their LED displays and multiple functions, they are perfect for the modern,on-the-go lifestyle. From tracking fitness goals to setting reminders, digital watches offer a seamless integration of technology and fashion.But beyond their functionality, watches also hold adeeper cultural significance. They are often passed down from generation to generation, becoming heirlooms that carry the weight of history and memories. They are worn on special occasions, marking milestones, and庆祝胜利。
sweep英文作文
sweep英文作文Title: The Art of Sweeping: A Comprehensive Guide。
Sweeping, often overlooked yet essential, is an art form in itself. It goes beyond the mere act of cleaning; it embodies discipline, attention to detail, and a sense of satisfaction in a job well done. In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the nuances of sweeping, exploring its techniques, benefits, and cultural significance.To begin with, mastering the technique of sweeping is paramount. It's not just about pushing a broom back and forth. Proper form and posture are crucial to preventstrain and maximize efficiency. Hold the broom firmly but not too tightly, allowing for fluid movements. Start from the farthest corner of the room and work your way towards the exit, sweeping debris into a neat pile.Next, let's talk about the different types of brooms and their respective uses. A stiff-bristled broom is idealfor outdoor surfaces like sidewalks and driveways, where stubborn dirt and debris reside. On the other hand, a soft-bristled broom is more suitable for indoor spaces, such as hardwood floors and tiles, where gentler sweeping is required to avoid scratching.Beyond the physical aspects, sweeping offers numerous benefits for both the individual and the environment. On a personal level, it promotes mindfulness and a sense of accomplishment. There's something deeply satisfying about seeing a clean floor devoid of dirt and clutter. Moreover, the rhythmic motion of sweeping can be meditative, allowing one to clear their mind and focus on the task at hand.From an environmental perspective, sweeping is an eco-friendly cleaning method that reduces the reliance on chemical cleaners and disposable products. By simply using a broom and dustpan, one can effectively remove dirt and dust without introducing harmful chemicals into the environment. Additionally, sweeping conserves water, making it a sustainable choice for maintaining cleanliness.In many cultures around the world, sweeping holds symbolic significance beyond its practical function. In Japanese culture, for example, the act of sweeping, known as "souji," is associated with purification and renewal. It is often performed before important ceremonies or events to cleanse the space of impurities and negative energy. Similarly, in feng shui, sweeping is believed to remove stagnant chi and promote positive energy flow within the home.Furthermore, sweeping serves as a metaphor for discipline and diligence in various philosophical and religious traditions. In Taoism, for instance, sweeping represents the practice of "wu wei," or effortless action, where one acts in harmony with the natural order of things. By sweeping with intention and focus, one cultivates inner tranquility and aligns themselves with the rhythms of the universe.In conclusion, sweeping is far more than a mundane chore; it is an art form that embodies discipline, mindfulness, and environmental stewardship. By masteringthe technique of sweeping and embracing its cultural significance, we can transform a simple household task into a meaningful practice that enriches our lives and connects us to the world around us. So, the next time you pick up a broom, remember the profound wisdom and beauty inherent in the art of sweeping.。
英语产品介绍作文模板
英语产品介绍作文模板Introducing our new product the Smart Clean Robot! This amazing little gadget will revolutionize the way you clean your home. Say goodbye to traditional mops and brooms, and let the Smart Clean Robot do all the work for you.With its advanced sensors and intelligent navigation system, the Smart Clean Robot can effortlessly maneuver around furniture and obstacles, ensuring that every corner of your home is thoroughly cleaned. Whether it's hardwood floors, carpets, or tiles, this robot can handle it all with ease.What sets the Smart Clean Robot apart from other cleaning devices is its ability to adapt to different floor surfaces and adjust its cleaning mode accordingly. It can sweep, vacuum, and mop, giving you a complete cleaning solution in one compact package.One of the best features of the Smart Clean Robot isits scheduling function. Simply set the cleaning schedule through the app on your smartphone, and the robot will automatically start cleaning at the designated time, even when you're not at home. It's the ultimate convenience for busy individuals and families.In addition to its powerful cleaning capabilities, the Smart Clean Robot is also designed with user convenience in mind. It's easy to operate and maintain, and its slimprofile allows it to reach under furniture and into tight spaces that are usually hard to clean.Don't miss out on the opportunity to make your life easier and your home cleaner with the Smart Clean Robot.Try it out today and experience the difference for yourself!。
2023年英语自我介绍 英语自我介绍高中生(四篇)
2023年英语自我介绍英语自我介绍高中生(四篇)英语自我介绍英语自我介绍高中生篇一i now is a joining a horse tail 13-year-old girl, named lin qianxia. i am an ordinary person, because i have many hobbies and interests, so my family always said i was a "fan". i also think you are a "fan".dad said i was a "couch potato". because i really like watching tv, i wish i like to read, read it from beginning to end, but my dad against me to watch tv, i always said to him, but later see good on tv, i how also can not control myself, because this tv show is too attractive.mom said i was a "small fans", because every time see the book, i will try to buy new books.sister said i'm a fan of "play", because every weekend i can play, but the play is "not bad"above is my family thought i was the biggest characteristic, i think my biggest characteristics is laughing. remember reading primary school, i whether in the recess or class, everyone can hear my laughter. in class, the teacher told a joke, i also smiled lesson, the teachers and classmates difficult mian misunderstanding for me. in math class, the teacher out a math problem: "one hundred monks..." somehow, ilaughed, the teacher is severely criticized me, my blush with shame, i promise the teacher never smiled. but the leopard cannot change his spots, i still don't change the love to laugh, smile in the teacher justcall me to everywhere, until i can't smile. since then, i love to laugh would like to change the bad habits.well, the old write here. my friends, you listen to my introduction, i hope you will bee my good friend.英语自我介绍英语自我介绍高中生篇二it is really a great honor for me to be here to have this opportunity for an interview. to be frank, iwould like to answer whatever you may raise and i hope i would give everyone here a good impression. firstly, please allow me to introduce myself. my name is lijiustc, i’m 2 years old. i e from sichuan province. now, i am a senior student of university of electronic science and technology of china, uestc. and i will receive my bachelor degree after my graduation in june, 20 .i am open-minded, quick in thought and very fond of fpd, the flat plane dilay. in my are time, i like to broad interests like many other youngsters. i like reading books, eecially those about fpd. i have a parative good mand of network application and i amable to operate the puter well. besides,i am skillful in searching for information on the net. i know how to get a balance among study, entertainment and work.in the past 3 years, i end most of my time on studyand have passed cet4 and cet6 with excellent performance, and i’ve passed the national puter rank examination, ncre band ii and iii with ease. at present, i have acquired a basic knowledge of my major, which have laid a solid foundation for my future study and research. besides, i have also join in scientific research activity and won some prizes. taking the national mathematical contest and the mathematical contest in modeling as examples, i have won the first class prize of the mathematical contest of our school and the second class prize of sichuan province. in modeling contest, i presented my university with other two classmates, and in the end, our team got the third class prize of sichuan province. these activities not only have broaden my horizons and formed good studying habits of integrating theory with practice, but also improved my physical handling and innovating ability. due to my excellent performance i had won the national scholarship for two times.if luckily i get the chance to enter beijinguniversity and have a further study at physical college, which i have desired for a long time, i will concentrate on the study and research in the optical field. first i will are no effort to learn the theoretical knowledge in order to construct a solid base for my future work; second i would like to do some practical work with the help of the supervisorand classmates. and through this, i can get something that cannot be acquired from the textbooks. i believeafter 3 years of learning, my dream will finally e true. and if possible, i want to go on with my study for doctorate degree,i am longing for my postgraduate studies and life. i will soon prove that your decision ofchoosing me is the wisest. en```that’s all, thank you for giving me such a valuable opportunity!thanks for your time!英语自我介绍英语自我介绍高中生篇三what do you say when you meet someone new? introduce yourself of course! introducing yourself is much more than saying your name. you need to tell some more information about you in english. introducing yourself to strangers can be tricky because what you say depends on the context, situation.当你遇到新朋友的时候你会说什么?当然是自我介绍了!自我介绍不仅仅是说说你的名字。
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franca @r.it ABSTRACT
bianca@r.it
In recent times, subdivision surfaces have been considered a powerful representation for shape design. They have been successfully introduced in character animation software packages. In the last few years they have obtained greater attention also from CAD applications due to their potential in overcoming some of the problems intrinsic of spline-based modeling. Anyhow, their major drawbacks are related to the difficulty in constraining the shape of the limit surface and to the limited high level modeling tools to manipulate the shape. In this paper, we propose a feature-based approach to extend the modeling capabilities of subdivision surfaces and to allow users to deal with this new modeling technique closer to the way they are used to. In particular, features obtainable by means of generalized sweep operations are formalized and treated. This type of feature has been chosen because it covers a large set of shapes commonly appearing in industrial products (e.g. car door internal panel cavities, stiffeners, …).
IMATI-CNR - Sez. Genova Via De Marini, 6 16149, Genova, Italy
Bianca Falcidieno
IMATI-CNR - Sez. Genova Via De Marini, 6 16149, Genova, Italy
chiara @r.it
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Journal of WSCG, Vol.12, No.1-3, ISSN 1213-6972 WSCG’2004, February 2-6, 2003, Plzen, Czech Republic. Copyright UNION Agency – Science Press
spline almost everywhere. This versatility permits their application even when high-quality geometry is desired, such as it happens in some product development phases. Greater attention to subdivision surfaces has been recently paid not only from the academic but also from the commercial point of view. In fact, subdivision schemes are incorporated into most of the animation software tools and some CAD providers claimed their intention to include them in their systems [Boi03]. This is possible thanks to both higher hardware capabilities and methods for precise shape evaluation and manipulation. In fact, solutions to many of the typical problems occurring when designing have been devised to some extent also for discrete models (see [Kob00] for a general overview). Among these, the evaluation of coordinates, tangent and curvature at surface points, as well as light lines (e.g. reflection lines, shadow lines), have been treated. In addition, different techniques for mesh parameterization have been developed. For some problems, solutions providing satisfying results for subdivision surfaces have been found as well. For instance, Stam, J., [Sta98] defined a method for the evaluation of the point coordinates and derivatives on the limit surface for the Catmull-Clark and Loop schemes. Zorin, D., et al [Zor00] illustrate a natural way to describe subdivision surfaces as functions on some parametric domain with values in ℜ3 that is convenient to localize points and specific areas. While concerning surface regularity, the commonest schemes guarantee C2 almost everywhere, but curvature can be unbounded, zero or not continuous; some researchers are working on this point [Loo02]. In addition to basic algorithms to evaluate a surface, specific requirements have to be fulfilled to think about subdivision surfaces as a reasonable alternative to NURBS. In particular, the control of the shape is a key issue in product design. Unfortunately, it is also the most critical drawback of the subdivision surfaces. The refinement process for approximation schemes tends to smooth and shrink the final shape. For a better control, an interpolating scheme may be preferred; unfortunately in this case the smoothness of the final surface is not well preserved. A more effective approach to guarantee higher regularity is rather accomplished by using approximating schemes with some constraints. A complete formal taxonomy of the interpolating constraints on subdivision curves and surfaces is provided by Nasri, and Sabin [Nas02a, Nas02b]. The present paper focuses on the insertion of features obtainable through generalized sweep operations in a