2016版高考英语大二轮总复习专题二阅读填空练习

专题二阅读填空本题型主要考查考生的阅读理解能力、语篇分析能力以及对上下文逻辑关系的判断能力。

通过对近三年高考题的分析可知：1．此类题型题目设置难度不大，通过上下文的词汇或短语提示，均可找到明确的答案，但选项中有两项特征相似或相近，要求考生仔细阅读文段，确定合适的答案。

2．考点分布合理，突出主题句、详述句及平行句的考查，注重考查考生把握上下文逻辑关系的能力。

3．根据此类题型特点，预计2016年在考查形式上不会有太大变化。

在文章的选材方面可能会更富有灵活性，会出现一些生活气息较浓的文章或者一些趣味性的话题。

做阅读填空首先是通读全文，大体掌握文章大意，然后通读答案，迅速找出和文章相对应的关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，研究多余选项，最终确定答案。

1．先看选项，通过选项中句子的句意或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的可能位置。

2．再看空前空后，由于句子与句子之间有一种相关的联系，所以我们可以在选项中寻找与空前空后的句子有某种必然联系的关键词，从而选择正确的答案。

3．注意代词在句子中的使用，利用代词的指代作用，我们可以从选项中找到相关的信息。

4．注意一些特殊疑问词，如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，那么就要寻找相对应的回答语。

做题时需要注意的两个问题：1．如果问题设在段首，通常是段落的主题句。

寻找主题句时，着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，最后看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。

2.如果问题设在段尾，通常是结论或概括性的语句，关键词要在空白前的一句或两句中寻找。

注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语。

(一)(2015·全国Ⅰ)Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.__36__Trust is a risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately，we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.__37__It’s understandable，but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there.•__38__Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well­being.•__39__If you’ve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”．At some point in all of our lives，we’ll have our trust tested or violated.•You didn’t lose “everything”．Once trust is lost，what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.__40__Instead，it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A．Learn to really trust yourself.B．It is putting confidence in someone.C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D．Remember that you can expect the best in return.E．They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again. F．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.(二)(2015·全国Ⅱ)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradualincreases in the length of the runs.__16__，buy the best­fitting，b est­built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double­check the fit.__17__.As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.__18__，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.__19__.After two weeks，start timing yourself.__20__.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A．After six daysB．For a good marathon runnerC．Before you begin your trainingD．With each day，increase the distance by a half mileE．If they still feel good，you can begin running in themF．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time(三)(2015·北京)This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.__71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.__72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree rootsor otherwise looking like a fool?First，understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73__And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.__75__Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A．Having interesting things to think about also helps.B．They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C．Without wandering minds，we wouldn’t have relativity，Coke or Post­it notes. D．At one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E．It involves slow，ste ady breathing for self­control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F．Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.G．Therefore，it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.(四)(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.__36__ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1．CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious.__37__ Ask kids，“What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？” and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time? 2．CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.__38__ There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3．Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding h ow others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what’s going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.__39__ “Why do you think she’s crying？” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？” “If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？”4．Self Expression__40__ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music，acting，drawing，building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A．Encourage kids to cook with you.B．And we can’t forget science education.C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist? E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.(五)(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often：ability，money，and time.__16__ Money is a topic I’ll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend inthe kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：1．Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？__17__2．Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？__18__ It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3．__19__ This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule. Hopefully that gives you a good start.__20__ And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A．Try new things.B．Ability is easily improved.C．Make three or four instead.D．Understand your food better.E．Cooking is a burden for many people.F．Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G．A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.(六)(2014·辽宁)Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment，the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight，but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：•Schedule yearly exams.__36__ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyeglasses.•Protect against UV rays(紫外线)．Long­term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is，it’s extremely import ant to wear sunglasses.__37__.•Give your eyes a break.Two­thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.__38__ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule：every 20 minutes，take a 20­second break a nd look at something 20 feet away.•__39__ As part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.•Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜)．Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.__40__ Otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more serious condition.A．Eat your greens.B．Eye care should begin early in life.C．They can properly protect your eyes.D．Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E．Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.F．Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropria te wear.G．This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.(七)(2014·北京)Evaluating Sources(来源) of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.__71__ Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medicalresearch.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.__72__ Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.__73__ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.__74__ Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)．__75__ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A．Make choices that are right for you.B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C．Be sure to work through the critical questions.D．And examine the findings of the original research.E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.提醒：完成作业强化练(十)(十一)二轮专题强化练强化练(十)强化练(十) 阅读填空(1)(建议用时：30分钟)1(2015·河北唐山二模)After Steve Jobs died，his friend Larry Ellison said something like this，“There will never be another Steve Jobs.” 1 Larry wrote this list of Steve’s life lessons to remind us all.Love what you do.Surely Steve became a billionaire when he brought Apple back.Apple was his calling—even after he got fired from the company.We all have bad jobs at one point in our lives.But the question is：am I in the right job？Have I found the right company？Life doesn’t go on forever. 2Don’t do it all by yourself.Steve learned a great leader can’t do it all by himself.He needs people.They must be talented. 3 They must be given the opportunity to succeed and fail.In short，you have to learn to be a great leader if you want to see your great ideas and hard work truly have an influence on the world.4Apple is always the best at creating a new product that meets the exact needs of users.It’s empathy(同理心) that helps Apple achieve this.Whenever the user has the first touch with a new Apple product，he says “Wow，it’s just what I need.”Remember：you’re King in the business world if you know exactly what consumers desire. Don’t mess around with your health.5 That’s the most important lesson from Steve’s life.It’s great to learn from him now，but the fact is that he should still be here if he had treated his cancer properly.Instead，Steve chose a naturopathic(自然疗法的) solution that wasn’t effective.When he finally decided to take his doctor’s original advice，it was toolate.A．They must be inspired.B．Be the best in your field.C．Take your health seriously.D．Get on your right path now.E．Will this lead to a successful career?F．Put yourself in the other person’s shoes.G．What are the key things that we can learn from him?2(2015·河北衡水中学三模)Tips for Summer ReadingSummer holds many of my strongest and most powerful reading memories.I remember sitting under a tree in the backyard as a child，reading Anne of Green Gables as the shadows crossed the grass.I remember sitting in the back seat of the car on a long family road trip，sharing joke books with my brother and sister and laughing until we cried. 6 I want all kids to enjoy the fun of summer reading，because summer reading has secret power. 7 Here are some ways to motivate kids for summer reading.Make children the curators(管理人) of their reading lives.Have students set summer reading goals for themselves. 8 Students can act as “chief curators” of the blog in turn so that over the course of the summer each of them takes on the responsibility of replying to posts and highlighting a popular title.9Taking “curiosity walks” is a fantastic way to bring informational text into a child’s reading list.These walks also provide opportunities for authentic writing.Have children take an inspiration notebook on a class walk outside and write down anything they see that they would like to learn more about.Make reading more like summer camp.Let’s combine reading with hands­on activities and make reading more like summer camp.We can take field trips to the library and search the shelves for books on atopic chosen out of a hat. 10 Then they can bring that creation in to share on the first days of school.A．It will set the stage for academic success.B．Bring the outdoors back into summer reading.C．Select some books and share them with your students.D．Set up a summer blog so you can all share recommendations.E．These memories became important stepping stones in my life.F．It is important to build and shape a strong reading life during school months. G．We can ask our students to create something in response to one of the books they’ve read.3(2015·北京海淀期中)House­SittingIn many countries of the world people do what is cal led house­sitting.It means that if owners of the house are going away，they want someone to come into their house and look after the house and maybe pets while they are away.In Australia，many people travel.After people retire，they might buy a van and travel all over the country. 11So if someone wants to travel or go away for some reason，they might want someone in their house to care for it and keep the gardens tidy.Housesitters might have to care for pets.Also，quite a few people have swimming pools in their back yard and they need cleaning. 12 I feel it is a great way of seeing the country，because you go and stay in a new city，get to meet new people，and have time to go sightseeing in a new area.13 There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel，and by replying to the advertisements，you can make arrangements to go and look after their houses.There are some requirements to be a housesitter.You must be a trusted person，so that the house owner knows you will not steal anything.You must be able to go when the house owner wants you to go，so you need lots of free time. 14 You need tobe good with pets，able to care for cats and dogs，or other pets they may have.Some house­sitting jobs are just for a few days or a coup le of weeks while the house owner has a short holiday.Sometimes it is for much longer.We have had a house­sitting job for six months，while the house owner travelled to Europe.15 Then you can travel to many different countries and stay there.One of the important things to get are references from the house owners for whom you have done house­sitting.A reference is a written letter to say that you are trustworthy and have looked after their house well.You can show these letters to prospective house owners and they know you will do a good job.A．I have done house­sitting many times.B．Thousands of people do this all the time.C．It is also possible to do house­sitting in other countries.D．Generally you have many opportunities to get a house­sitting job.E．You must take a little care over what your description says about you. F．This is an international house­sitting service for all city and country areas. G．You must have a good car，so you can travel to different parts of the country.4(2015·河北高三教学质检)Advice About Stress：Don’t Let It Ruin Your Life!There are many reasons why people suffer from stress. 16 We give you advice on how to find the cause or causes of your stress，and more importantly—how to deal with it.For some，dealing with stress is a relatively simple matter，providing you really want to. 17 If the latter is the case，then don’t refuse forms of alternative medical advice and treatment.18 It can help you to perform or even OUT perform in certain situations.Athletes use it to great advantage to help them through that barrier that will put them on top！It can also help you in everyday life.However，if it is part of life’s routine，then something somewhere will suffer in body or mind—or both.One of the important factors in treating stress，is firstly admitting，accepting—or even discovering—that you are stressed.Only then can the causes of that stress be isolated.Harmful stress comes from a lot of causes.Our advice about stress is based upon medical facts，and of course common sense. 19 Getting the wrong advice can cause more harm than good.It can be beaten in most cases，and can nearly always be controlled，or even turned to your own advantage.Firstly determine if you are stressed or suffering any form of stress—take our stress test to find out.It may surprise you！Secondly，sort out what you can actually do to relieve the causes of your stress. 20 Thirdly，work on a change of lifestyle or whatever needs to be done to fight the causes that you have identified.A．Stress can also be good!B．Getting the right advice is not always easy.C．Stress is a totally normal function of the body.D．Accidents are often prevented by the stress reactions.E．Surprisingly，some suffer from stress but are not even aware that they are doing so!F．For others，stress can be so severe that it might need medical attention. G．Like all illnesses—and suffering from stress is an illness prevention is always better than cure.5(2015·河北衡水中学高三一模)Stay on the Brighter Side of LifeOne very important component of optimism is gratitude or feeling grateful.In fact，there is a strong connection between a grateful attitude and a heightened sense of well­being.Appreciate all the positives in your life by starting a gratitude journal in order to remembe r what you’re grateful for. 21Feeling down？Instead of feeling sorry for yourself waiting for the universe to throw you a bone，try acting like you’re happy—even if you aren’t.A sincere smile and a forced smile will cause the same chemical reactions in your brain，so you can actually fool your mind into feeling better by making it react chemically as if thingswere going well. 22 Reassure yourself that everything is good—even if you don’t feel it.“ 23 If you’re stuck in traffic，then everything else must be going horribly，too，” says Anne Parker，a wellness counselor.By blowing negative events out of proportion，you’re setting yourself up for feeling down all day.Instead，acknowledge that you’re stuck in traffic，but also bring to mind something good，like the beautiful scenery outside the window.That way，you’ll get in the habit of forbidding negative circumstances from blanketing your whole day.Swearing to lose 20 pounds or to run a marathon seems like goals leading to happiness，but they take time to achieve. 24 You may even end up admitting that you have been defeated.However，if you focus on the small milestones that occur along the way，you will feel positive about your progress，which will give you the strength to keep going.25 Try making someone e lse’s day better.A report by United Healthcare and Volunteer Match found that volunteers are 72% more likely to characterize themselves as optimistic compared with non volunteers.Plus,89% of volunteers say that volunteering has improved their sense of well­being，and 92% say that it enriches their sense of purpose in life.A．Try to help someone in need.B．Want to give your attitude a lift?C．People tend to think in an either­or way.D．Act in an optimistic way—smile，laugh，tell a joke.E．You’ll fail to appreci ate more important things in your life.F．By focusing on not having accomplished them yet，you will start to feel down on yourself.G．By remembering the pleasant things in your life，you can actually turn a negative attitude around.二轮专题强化练强化练(十一)强化练(十一) 阅读填空(2)(建议用时：30分钟)1(2015·河南郑州市高三3月模拟)Are you new to experiencing relationships？Well，let me give you advice on how to have a healthy relationship with your partner.Be an honest person with them.Do not hide things from them，do not lie.Don’t be afraid to say things tha t isn’t very flattering about yourself.Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship.If there’s no trust，there’s nothing there. 1Make sure you give them respect.Now respect isn’t just simply treating her or him nicely. 2 You have to learn to adjust to their liking.Basically，learn to study your partners moods，wants，and needs.Don’t just think about yourself，think about what your partner needs out of it as well.Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time.Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. 3Make sure you have a good sense of humor with ughter is the key to ugh a lot with them，joke with ughter may seem silly，but it’s the secret to a lot in life.It will keep the sparks alive. 4Make sure the communication is good.This usually goes along with trust，but always communicate how you feel，even if it’s something that ups ets you. 5 If they did something that made you unhappy，tell them about it in a respectful manner.It’s important to communicate this to them，not keep it bottled up.A．There’s a lot more to it.B．Show them your personality.C．Instead of screaming，talk to them.D．Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.E．So please be honest and they’ll learn to open up to you.F．Don’t start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted.G．Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed.2(2015·河南开封市高三二模)In the winter months，most children spend their time on video games.Spending their time on video games for a long time is harmful to them.How you can try your best to get them active and keep their minds and bodies healthy is very necessary and important.6 Here are some ideas：◆Take out some old gamesAfter hours of being indoors，kids will quickly get tired of their own games and toys.Take this opportunity to teach them the old games from your childhood.Make up new rules to refresh the games and make them original to your family. 7◆Cook togetherCooking is a great activity because the whole family can get involved. 8 Kids can even practice their reading skills by reading the recipe aloud from a cookbook.Cooking with children also encourages them to try new foods because they’ve had a hand in making the finished product.◆Make use of that big projectYou may have spring cleaning plans，but get a head start on that big clean­out project this winter. 9 Yet your kids involved in cleaning the garage or painting the guest room.Once the project is complete，all of you will feel satisfied to work together.◆Go on an indoor adventureStaying at home day after day is really dull and you may take part in other activities with your kids. 10 Make a trip to an indoor ice skating or roller skating rink.You can also start a bowling tournament with other families from school and the neighborhood.A．Encourage your kids to join in the project.B．Set aside more hours for your work.C．Assign everyone a job，like mixing or frying.D．Most kids enjoy outdoor activities in winter.E．Go to a swimming pool in a local gym.F．Record the game ideas to pick out of an activity later.G．With a little activity，you can prevent the winter blues.3(2015·河北石家庄市高三二模)Four Ways to Be a Great RoommateHaving a roommate can be one of the best experiences in college or，easily，one of the worst. 11 Follow these tips to avoid the common mistakes that turn good roommate relationships sour.◇Talk things out.Communication is key.If something happens，sit down with your roommate and have a face­to­face conversation.I’ve seen roommate relationships fall apart because something happens and，instead of talking to each other，the two start complaining about their roommates behind their backs. 12◇Don’t expect to be best friend s.Some roommates become the best of friends，and some don’t.Don’t put pressure on yourself or your roommate，especially when you first meet. 13 And if your roommate doesn’t end up being your best friend，don’t worry.◇Ask before you take.This applies to food，clothes and anything else.If you want to keep a relationship going，show your roommate that you have respect for what is his or hers by asking first. 14◇Clean up after yourself.This should do without saying.Don’t be lazy.Or，at least，don’t bury you r roommate in your clothes and garbage.Most people I’ve come across in college are messy. 15 But being considerate with where you put your stuff will help you avoid。