英语句子成分分析(课堂PPT)
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英语句子结构分析句子成分(课堂PPT)
❖ (四) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ❖ ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ❖ ② People all over the world speak English. ❖ ③ You must pay good attention to your
pronunciation. ❖ ④ How many new words did you learn last
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
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(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
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3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分， 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher.
（名词）
You don’t look it.
（代词）
Five and five is ten.
31九插入语插入语是说话者对所表达的意思的补充强调解释或者说话的态度其位置灵活常常用逗号或者破折号分开并且在语法上不影响其他成份
英语句子成分和英语 句子结构讲解及练习
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❖ 简单句的五个基本句型 ❖ 主语 ＋ 不及物动词
She came．. ❖ 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语
She likes English. ❖ 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋主语补语 ❖ She is happy． ❖ 主语 ＋ 动词 ＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语 ❖ She gave John a book．
初中英语句子成分讲解(共16张PPT)
Who is at home? （ 谁在家。代词作主语）
Two will be enough. （两个就够了。数词作主语）
Skating is good exercise. （溜冰是很好的运动。动名词作主语）
To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work. （把理想转变成 现实需要辛勤的劳动。不定式作主语）
主动语态：They caught the boy stealing. （stealing作为宾补）
主动转化被动
被动语态：The boy was caught stealing. （stealing转化为主补）
by 李少清
宾语补足语 objective complement
对宾语状态、特性、动作进行补充说明 宾语补足语：对宾语加以解释或描述。
适用句型：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补（ S+V+O+OC ）
I see you crossing the street.（ 我看见你过马路。动 名词作宾补）
by 李少清
*复合名词 compound nouns
复合名词的构成方式有：
① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨
名词+名词
English Grammar
主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语/补语
语法概述
主语 subject
执行句子的行为或动作的主体
概念：
句子中所要表达的人或物，句子叙述的主体。
可作主语的词有：
名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动 名词等
by 李少清
主语 subject 举例
Luka arrived last night. （ 卢卡昨晚到达。名词作主语）
英语句子成分分析分析解析(课堂PPT)(2024版)
6. I prefer my coffee hot.
7. Don’t worry about me; just take care of yourself.
8. You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary.
与全句没有什 么语法关系， 有感叹词、肯 定与否定的答 语、插入语、 呼语等
常用词 例句 类
名词、 I find the book very boring. 形容词, 分词, 不定式 介词短 语等
名词、 This is Mr. Li, our 数词、 headmaster. 代词或 The news that he is ill 从句 worries us.
2024/11/13
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主动语态变成被动语态后, 宾语补足语变成主补.
I last saw him playing near the river. →He was seen playing near the river. The teacher caught the student cheating →in the exam.
machine off. ● She wondered why Jim was so angry
with her.
2024/11/13
13
㈤宾语补足语
We must keep it a secret.
I found the book interesting.
Please keep the dog out.
The student was caught cheating in the exam.
We elected him monitor. →He was elected monitor.
《英语句子成分》优秀课件PPT课件
1) It is wrong to tell a lie. ( 说谎是错误的。) 2) It is no use arguing about it. ( 争吵是没用的。) 3) It is uncertain who will come. ( 谁要来还不确定。)
二、谓语
Predicate:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常 由_动__词___ 充当。动词常分为实义动词,连系 动词,情态动词和助动词.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
什么情况下用it作形式主语？
当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子 中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡， 避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置 于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时 it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?你懂得 翻译下列句子吗？
8.She works very hard though she is old.
（让步状语）
9.I am taller than he is. （比较状语）
七、补语
• Complement是用于补充说明主语或宾语的 身份或特征。
Everyone calls him Jack. （宾补） He is called Jack.（主补）
• 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.
• 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如：
You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构
great care. （方式状语）
二、谓语
Predicate:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常 由_动__词___ 充当。动词常分为实义动词,连系 动词,情态动词和助动词.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
什么情况下用it作形式主语？
当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子 中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡， 避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置 于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时 it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?你懂得 翻译下列句子吗？
8.She works very hard though she is old.
（让步状语）
9.I am taller than he is. （比较状语）
七、补语
• Complement是用于补充说明主语或宾语的 身份或特征。
Everyone calls him Jack. （宾补） He is called Jack.（主补）
• 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.
• 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如：
You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构
great care. （方式状语）
英语句子成分详细讲解课件(共34张)
on the left. • ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school. • ⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
• (四) 挑出下列句中的表语
• ① The old man was feeling very tired. • ② Why is he worried about Jim? • ③ The leaves have turned yellow. • ④ Soon They all became interested in the
花了很长时间他才熟悉通往鸟巢形的体育馆的路。
It took him quite a little time to get familiar with the routes l_e_a_d_in_g_ to the nest-shaped stadium.
定语
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • They are building a stone bridge. (名词) • There are 54 students in our class. (数词) • Do you known Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词) • I met a friend on my way home. (副词)
那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了．
• (四) 挑出下列句中的表语
• ① The old man was feeling very tired. • ② Why is he worried about Jim? • ③ The leaves have turned yellow. • ④ Soon They all became interested in the
花了很长时间他才熟悉通往鸟巢形的体育馆的路。
It took him quite a little time to get familiar with the routes l_e_a_d_in_g_ to the nest-shaped stadium.
定语
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • They are building a stone bridge. (名词) • There are 54 students in our class. (数词) • Do you known Betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词) • I met a friend on my way home. (副词)
那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了．
英语句子成分图(课堂PPT)
句中被省略的成分，虽然未说出来，却在句中表示 一定的意思：
（You） Come here． （I wish you）Good luck！ Some gave him praises，but others（gave him）rotten
eggs． He runs as fast as, if ( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you. ( I ) Hope you like it. John should clean the room today and Peter ( should clean it ) tomorrow.
salary.
18
Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed.
9
连接成分
连接成分实际上是一个连词，用来连接两个或几个平行的
词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做并列连词。
另一类连接成分是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于
另一个句子（即从句）的连词。这类连词叫从属连词。从
属连词主要用于引导各种从句。
一个完整的句子（主句或从句）必须包含2个到4个基本成 分，此外，如果意思上有需要，还可包含一个或更多其他 的句子成分。
句 起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.
用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
（You） Come here． （I wish you）Good luck！ Some gave him praises，but others（gave him）rotten
eggs． He runs as fast as, if ( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you. ( I ) Hope you like it. John should clean the room today and Peter ( should clean it ) tomorrow.
salary.
18
Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed.
9
连接成分
连接成分实际上是一个连词，用来连接两个或几个平行的
词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做并列连词。
另一类连接成分是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于
另一个句子（即从句）的连词。这类连词叫从属连词。从
属连词主要用于引导各种从句。
一个完整的句子（主句或从句）必须包含2个到4个基本成 分，此外，如果意思上有需要，还可包含一个或更多其他 的句子成分。
句 起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.
用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
英语句子成分分析ppt课件
The definition and function of complement
Definition
Complements are components that provide supplementary explanations to the subject or object, usually appearing after linking verbs or sensory verbs.
Method • Summary and Outlook
01
introduction
Purpose and background
Help students understand the structure and meaning of
English sentences
Improve students' ability to analyze and apply English
Definition
The predicate is the part of a sentence that describes the subject's action, state, or feature, usually composed of verbs or verb phrases.
Function
The object mainly represents the object or subject of the action, while the complement is a supplementary explanation of the subject or object. In sentence structure, the object usually follows the verb immediately, while the complement appears after the linking verb or sensory verb.
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㈡谓语
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans.
复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well She hasn’t received the e-mail yet.
7
㈠主语
Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.
9
㈢表语
在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有:
be (am,is,are,were,was), appear, seem, feel, smell, taste, sound, look, get, grow, keep, turn, become, come, go ,remain，etc.
句子的构成
1
基本句型
主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
2
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语
同位语
3
I told my best friend Tom to pick me up at the airpor
11
㈣宾语
宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人.
He gave me some books.
↓
↓
间接 直接
宾语 宾语
12
● Please pass me the book. ● He bought me some flowers. ● I like my job. ● I love you. ● He wanted to leave here. ● They enjoyed playing computer games. ● I didn’t know when to switch the
语
等
动名词, barks.
分词不定
式,介词
短语,从
句等
状 adverbia 修饰动词形容词副词之 副词,形 Run quickly.
语l
用，表示时间地点状态 容词,分
程度等含义
词,不定
式,介词
短语,从
句等
6
句子 英文名 说明
成分
宾语 补足Leabharlann 语comple ment对宾语进行补 充说明，与宾 语一起构成复 合宾语。
The apple tastes sweet.
10
1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. Who was the first? 6. He is out of condition. 7. The book is what I need.
14
主动语态变成被动语态后, 宾语补足语变成主补. I last saw him playing near the river. →He was seen playing near the river. The teacher caught the student cheating →in the exam. The student was caught cheating in the exam.
machine off. ● She wondered why Jim was so angry
with her.
13
㈤宾语补足语
We must keep it a secret. I found the book interesting. Please keep the dog out. Please make yourself at home. She asked me to lend her a hand. Do you smell something burning? She had an arm broken in the accident. He made himself known to them.
名词、 This is Mr. Li, our 数词、 headmaster. 代词或 The news that he is ill 从句 worries us.
感叹词 Oh, hello, I think, to tell
副词短 you the truth, Mr. Li, Your
语
Majesty, Mum. Yes, no
表语
predicativ 放在连系动词后表示主语
e
的身份或特征。
名词、代词、 She is a 形容词,动名 teacher. 词,分词,不定 式,介词短语, 从句等
5
宾 object 语
表示及物动词动作的对 象
名词、代 Mike did the 词,动名 job. 词,不定 式,从句 等
定 attribute 限定或修饰名词、代词 形容词, The black dog
↓↓ ↓ ↓
↓
↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
宾
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
语
补
足
语
4
句子 英文名
成分
说明
常用词类 例句
主语 subject
句子所要说明的动作或状 名词、代词, I am a 态的主体（人或事物） 动名词,不定 student.
式,从句等
谓语 predicate 表示主语的动作或状态 动词
You read the book.
同位 apposit 对前面的名词
语 ive
或代词做进一
步解释。
独立 Indepe 与全句没有什
成分 ndent 么语法关系，
elemen 有感叹词、肯
ts
定与否定的答
语、插入语、
呼语等
常用词 例句 类
名词、 I find the book very boring. 形容词, 分词, 不定式 介词短 语等
㈡谓语
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans.
复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well She hasn’t received the e-mail yet.
7
㈠主语
Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.
9
㈢表语
在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有:
be (am,is,are,were,was), appear, seem, feel, smell, taste, sound, look, get, grow, keep, turn, become, come, go ,remain，etc.
句子的构成
1
基本句型
主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
2
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语
同位语
3
I told my best friend Tom to pick me up at the airpor
11
㈣宾语
宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人.
He gave me some books.
↓
↓
间接 直接
宾语 宾语
12
● Please pass me the book. ● He bought me some flowers. ● I like my job. ● I love you. ● He wanted to leave here. ● They enjoyed playing computer games. ● I didn’t know when to switch the
语
等
动名词, barks.
分词不定
式,介词
短语,从
句等
状 adverbia 修饰动词形容词副词之 副词,形 Run quickly.
语l
用，表示时间地点状态 容词,分
程度等含义
词,不定
式,介词
短语,从
句等
6
句子 英文名 说明
成分
宾语 补足Leabharlann 语comple ment对宾语进行补 充说明，与宾 语一起构成复 合宾语。
The apple tastes sweet.
10
1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. Who was the first? 6. He is out of condition. 7. The book is what I need.
14
主动语态变成被动语态后, 宾语补足语变成主补. I last saw him playing near the river. →He was seen playing near the river. The teacher caught the student cheating →in the exam. The student was caught cheating in the exam.
machine off. ● She wondered why Jim was so angry
with her.
13
㈤宾语补足语
We must keep it a secret. I found the book interesting. Please keep the dog out. Please make yourself at home. She asked me to lend her a hand. Do you smell something burning? She had an arm broken in the accident. He made himself known to them.
名词、 This is Mr. Li, our 数词、 headmaster. 代词或 The news that he is ill 从句 worries us.
感叹词 Oh, hello, I think, to tell
副词短 you the truth, Mr. Li, Your
语
Majesty, Mum. Yes, no
表语
predicativ 放在连系动词后表示主语
e
的身份或特征。
名词、代词、 She is a 形容词,动名 teacher. 词,分词,不定 式,介词短语, 从句等
5
宾 object 语
表示及物动词动作的对 象
名词、代 Mike did the 词,动名 job. 词,不定 式,从句 等
定 attribute 限定或修饰名词、代词 形容词, The black dog
↓↓ ↓ ↓
↓
↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
宾
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
语
补
足
语
4
句子 英文名
成分
说明
常用词类 例句
主语 subject
句子所要说明的动作或状 名词、代词, I am a 态的主体（人或事物） 动名词,不定 student.
式,从句等
谓语 predicate 表示主语的动作或状态 动词
You read the book.
同位 apposit 对前面的名词
语 ive
或代词做进一
步解释。
独立 Indepe 与全句没有什
成分 ndent 么语法关系，
elemen 有感叹词、肯
ts
定与否定的答
语、插入语、
呼语等
常用词 例句 类
名词、 I find the book very boring. 形容词, 分词, 不定式 介词短 语等