【精品推荐】2019-2020年广东省广州市二模：广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题-含答案
2019-2020年广东省广州市二模：广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试理科综合试题-附详细答案
见微知著，闻弦歌而知雅意
2019-2020届备考
广东省广州市2019届第二次模拟考试理科综合
理科综合试题
一、选择题:
1.生物学是一门实验科学，下面所述实验中错误的是
A.观察DNA和RNA在细胞中分布的实验，甲基绿可使DNA着色
B.叶绿体中含多种色素，可用对这些色素溶解度较高的试剂作为提取剂
C.加入Si02充分研磨，用醋酸洋红液处理后观察细胞有丝分裂时染色体图像
D.0.1g/mL的NaOH与0.05g/mL的CuS04溶液等量混合，可检测尿液中是否含糖
2.下面是某同学画的不同物质出入细胞方式的示意图，其中的黑点密度代表物质浓度，箭头表示物质运输方向。
对该图解释正确的是
A.肝细胞通过④过程吸收葡萄糖，通过②过程吸收02
B.图中①②过程都是被动运输，特点是不需载体蛋白参与，不消耗AIP
C.图中②表示的是胞吐过程，充分体现了细胞膜上载体蛋白的专一性。
广东省广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试语文试题 (2)
参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）（9分）1.【内容理解】（3分）A（B项，“‘以天下为一家’的价值观把‘他者’融入‘自我’”并非“旨在达到家庭利益的最大化”；C项，不是“君子的理想人格塑造了中国人独特的精神气质”；D项，“中庸之道”不可以消除文化冲突。
）2.【论证分析】（3分）B（文章不是“以‘天下’理念为核心”）3.【分析推断】（3分）C（西方的“世界观不具开放性和包容性”推断不当。
）（二）（12分）4.【内容理解】（3分）C（A项，“A企业在这三家企业中业务量一直稳居第一”不正确；B项，C企业“都处于劣势”不正确；D项，“B企业的发展几乎与中国快递业的发展同步”不正确。
）5.【概括分析】（3分）D（“智能产品创新研发的大量投入”并非“可循环包装在当下难以推广的主要因素”。
）6.【分析综合】（6分）快递企业：①保证消费者信息安全；②建立更规范、更专业的物流体系；③提升自动化智能化水平；④推动绿色配送。
消费者：改变消费观念，支持快递包装绿色化。
【“快递企业”4分，“消费者”2分，意思对即可。
】（三）（15分）7.【分析鉴赏】（3分）C（“追求生态效益而牺牲经济效益”不正确。
）8.【分析鉴赏】（6分）纪实性：①作者亲历；②材料真实；③情感真挚。
文学性：①多用修辞，形象生动；②化用名句，典雅隽永；③间用口语，具有生活气息。
【“纪实性”3分，“文学性”3分，意思对即可。
】9.【鉴赏评价】（6分）①含义丰富，既指高林树在库布齐大沙漠种下的每一棵柳树，又指高林树本人，还指生活的火种，生命的希望。
②突显主题，赞美“高林树们”用辛勤的劳动改造沙漠、改变生活的奋斗精神。
③强化效果，通过“沙漠”之“大”和“一苗树”之“小”的对比，引起读者关注。
（每点2分，意思对即可）二、（34分）（一）（19分）10.【文言断句】（3分）A（以风恙拜章乞骸，改刑部尚书致仕。
即日肩舆归洛，居于福善里，修篁嘉木，图书琴酒，以自适焉。
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s the time of year when we start hiking. As you pack, remember to bring your smartphone. Whether you’re going on a short walk or a long trip, there are a handful of apps that can help.MapMyHikeThis app tracks where you're hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike. It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled, speed, pace, and even calories burned. You can save the data for your hike, so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout. GaiaGPSYou don't always have cellphone service when hiking, but you always want to know where you are. The GaiaGPS app provides that information. Download maps of different parts of the world, and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails. The GPS function makes using the maps simple, and the app will also point to areas of interest.Backpacking ChecklistOne of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important. That's why checklists are the best. This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的) list of things to take with you. Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements. Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.WildObsUsing WildObs, you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database. You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything you've met, and most importantly, you can become a citizen scientist. By recording what you've seen with this app, you're helping scientists keep track of what's happening to the natural world.1. What can you do with MapMyHike?A. Record your walking speed.B. Design a suitable hiking route.C. Locate popular tourist attractions.D. Store the data of your daily activities.2. What is WildObs intended to do?A. To provide survival skills.B. To lead the way.C. To identify wildlife.D. To help make preparations.3. Which app is most useful before hiking?A. GaiaGPS.B. MapMyHike.C. WildObs.D. Backpacking Checklist.BCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.4. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.5. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.6. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.7. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.CDo you ever listen to the songs that your parents like? Chances are that you don’t. You probably think the music that they like is old and boring and that the songs on your playlist are muchcooler. But scientists found that people’s music taste changes as time goes by. So it is likely that your own musical preferences will follow a similar path to your parents’, whether you like it or not.We used to think that culture and personality (个性) are the only reasons for different music choices. But researchers at the University of Cambridge noticed that as people enter into different age groups, their social environment changes, and so does their music taste. There are some musical periods that people go through in their life.The first period comes in the teenage years, during which people like strong music such as punk and rock, because teenagers tend to be aggressive or want to be independent.But as people move into early adulthood, their lifestyles change they want to build close relationships with others. As a result, they become fonder of contemporary music, such as pop and R&.B, which is usually uplifting and danceable.When middle age comes, most people have settled down. During this period, people prefer music, such as jazz and classical, as well as music like country, folk and blues.As for old people, they prefer old songs in their childhoods. They generally listen to relaxing music, such as country music and jazz music. But you must be questioning. “Aren’t there old people who are still interested in or even crazy about rock music?” Of course there are. But their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed. At that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youth.8. What do young people usually think of the songs their parents enjoy?A. They are actually less cool.B. They are worth listening to.C. They are especially serious.D. They are hard to understand.9. How many musical periods are there that people go through in their life?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.10. People who want to make friends mostly prefer ________.A. jazz musicB. country musicC. rock musicD. pop music11. What is the best title for the text?A. People Have Different Opinions on MusicB. People Listen to Music for the Same ReasonC. People’s Taste in Music Changes with TimeD. People’s Lifestyle Can Be Changed by MusicDThis is a true story. Tristin Saghin enjoyed themovie “Black Hawk Down” very much, which is about the conflict inSomalia. The battle scenes and the exciting rescues of people who are dying interested him greatly.There was just one problem: Tristin was only 9 years old, and it was thought that movie was not for children. When his parents caught him watching it on TV, they made him turn it off, though he had finished his homework and it was not late. Then one day, Tristin and his family were visiting his grandmother inMesa,Arizona. Tristin’s 2-year-old sister got out of the house and fell in the backyard pool. Realizing the little girl was missing, the family ran outside, only to find the girl had fallen into the water.Pulled from the pool and placed on the ground, the child wasn’t breathing. The family called the ambulance, but no one knew how to do first aid. No one, that is, except for Tristin. A scene in “Black Hawk Down” describes a doctor giving first aid. Tristin remembered it. Then the 9-year-old gave first aid to his sister at once and saved her life.His parents don’t stop him seeing the movies he likes any more.Tristin taught himself how to do first aid but he had never thought he could use it to save his little sister’s life. Any skill can be used in time, so you should always learn.12. According to the text, Tristin Saghin ________.A. lived inMesa,ArizonaB. disliked studying very muchC. was always ready to help othersD. was nine years old13. Why did Tristin Saghin’s parents order him to turn off the TV?A. They wanted him to help look after his sister.B. He often spent too much time watching films.C. They thought the film was not good for children.D. He was asked to finish his homework first.14. How was Tristin’s sister saved?A. Tristin gave first aid to her.B. The ambulance arrived in time.C. A doctor passing by gave a hand.D. Her parents sent her to hospital at once.15. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to advise readers to ________.A. see more moviesB. learn more skillsC. save others bravelyD. do what they like第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试题及答案
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThese wonderful NYC attractions offer pay — what — you — wish days, free entry hours/days and other great stuff for local families.Staten IslandZooThere are plenty of creatures who call NYC home—the Staten Island Zoo is one of them. Once you’ve finished learning about the wildlife in the animal nursery, reptile (爬行动物) side rooms, horse barn and other areas of the attraction, make sure to mark your schedule for fun seasonal happenings, such as the Easter Egg Games and the scary, crazy Halloween Shows.Entry on Wednesdays is by suggested donation; children aged two and under free.Children’s Museum of the ArtsThe Children’s Museum of the Arts welcomes 135,000 little visitors each year through its doors. Once inside, the whole family can enjoy interactive programs, exhibitions (展览) and events that celebrate the changed power of the arts on youngsters and grown-ups alike.Pay-as-you-wish Thursdays, 3-6 p. m.Wave HillEveryone needs a few hours of calm now and then-kids included-and you’d be hard- pressed to find a more peaceful spot within city limits than Wave Hill the broad grounds located above the river, covering 28 acres of public gardens, plus woodlands and grasses to wander. Jump in on nature walks, story times and family art projects often led by local artists and free with general admission.Pay — as — you — wish Tuesdays and Saturdays,9 a. m — noon.New York Hall of ScienceNaturally, kids love it when the New York Hall of Science pleases them with neat exhibits and fun hands-on activities. The museum’s playground is themost attractivetochildren A tube slide (管道滑梯) will give little ones the knowledge on science topics, while the climbing area mirrors a giant spider web. There are also wind pipes, metal drums, sand- boxes and much more. What better way to make the mostout of science?Free entry Sep-Jun on Fridays, 2 — 5 p. m，and Sundays, 10 —11 a. m.1. What can children do in Staten Island Zoo?A. Feed injured animals.B. Join in seasonal activities.C. Build a home for creatures.D. Deal with the donations to the zoo.2. What do Children’s Museum of the Arts and Wave Hill have in common?A. They both have peaceful spots.B. They both are located by a river.C. They both have public gardens.D. They both have activities about arts.3. Which place can be free of charge for all?A. Wave Hill.B.Staten IslandZoo.C. New York Hall of Science.D. Children’s Museum of the Arts.BIf you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener ,the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plantsThe Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that carries on top of its head .Using light and heats sensors (传感器) the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out the daylight .If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight ;and if the houseplant is getting too hot , the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner .The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014 .” Plants only receive an action without responding ,”SunTianqi wrote in a blog post .” Whether they are being cut ,bitten ,burned or pulled from the earth ,or when they haven’t received enough sunshine ,water ,or are too hot or cold ,they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them .According to Sun Tianqi ,for billions of years ,plants have never experienced movement of any kind ,not even the simplest movement .In their whole lives ,they stick to where they were born .Sun Tianqi continued ,” Do they want break their own settings or have a tendency towards this ?I do not know the answer ,but would love to try toshare some of this human tendency and technology with plants With the help of the robot ,plants can experience the move”.The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale ,though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model .It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants4. What can we learn about the Hexa Plant?A. It helps people do some gardening .B. It waters the plants through dancingC. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlightD. It carries the potted plant with its hands5. What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3?A. The way plants spend their whole livesB. The common way people deal with plantsC. The difference between plants and humansD. The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.6. What does Sun Tianqi try do using this technology?A. To develop gardening skills.B. To draw people’s attention plantsC. make plants experience moveD. study the living conditions of plants7. What can be the best title for the text?A. A New Market for robotsB. An Indoor Plants’ HelperC. An Important Development in GardeningD The Tendency of Gardening in the FutureCWhen 36-year-old J Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding, the only trouble he expected to have was his own ability to get back on the skateboard after such a long time. However, the 340-pound skateboarder soon realizedthatwas the least of his problems.Duran's problems began before he even stepped on a skateboard. He couldn't find anything for fat skaters. What Duran did find was a belief that plus-size people should not be skating. Determined to do something tochange the image(形象) of plus-size people in sports, Duran set up Chub Rollz—a skating and skateboarding community for overweight skaters. He knew that not only did he need to get back into it to prove people wrong, but he needed to create a safe space where others can haverepresentation as well.To encourage plus-size people to take part in the fun sport, Duran created a list of recommended products for fat skaters. He also hosted roller skating and skateboarding classes to teach beginners.After an article about his thoughts in the San Francisco Chronicle, Duran received lots of messages from strangers thanking him for giving them the courage to take up skateboarding. He has also been contacted by some skateboarding brands offering to create larger clothing sizes and beenoffered free equipment by skating organizations like "Skate Like a Giri ".Though encouraged, Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to remove body image stereotypes(刻板印象).“I want to see more changes in communities. Maybe skate shops create a more welcoming environment for all types of skaters. Or boards are made in a variety of strengths and sizes—everyone is making thinner, lighter products, but sometimes we need those heavy-duty choices to stay available," he explains.For those hesitant of taking up their desired activity due to their body size, Duran has this to say:“Be kind to yourself. Just because you don't see it doesn't mean you can't be it.”8. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The skateboard.B. His hobby.C. His ability.D. The time.9. Why did Duran found Chub Rollz?A. To realize his childhood dream.B. To help plus-size people lose weight.C. To fight for the equal right for fat people.D. To change people's impression of the fat in sports.10. Which word can best describe Duran?A. Generous.B. Inspiring.C. Adaptable.D. Talented.11. Which is most likely Duran's belief?A. Everyone has a gift for sports.B.No one is too fat to enjoy sports.C. Fat people do deserve social concern.D. Skateboarding is most suitable for fat people.DAlex Wong, a junior atMarkKeppelHigh SchoolinAlhambra,California, is working hard on his application to a top college. His resume shows off his nearly straight A’s in difficult classes, experience at a summer program atStanfordUniversity, Eagle Scout project and time on the soccer team as well as the school choir. But his steady progress stopped unexpectedly this year. Aiming to open access to college-level Advanced Placement (大学预科) courses, his schoolbegan using a computer-based lottery to give out spaces. Alex got shut out of all three of the courses he requested.The new system caused anger among families whose children failed to get into AP courses, which many consider important to develop advanced skills, improve grade-point averages and allow students to earn college credit, saving them and their families tuition dollars. Students and parents wrote to administrators to complain, circulated a petition (请愿) and launched a Facebook group for trading classes. “I’M DESPERATE! I’LL GIVE YOU FREE FOOD,” one student, Kirk Hum, posted on the 210-member AP Flea Market Facebook group.AP classes have long been held dear by the most talented and ambitious students.But now they are seen as positive for all students who are willing to push themselves – and schools are increasingly viewing access to them as a basic educational right. But this change has brought challenges.Miracle Vitangcol, a junior atDowntownMagnetsHigh Schoolwith average grades and test scores, is failing her AP US history class. She said she can’t handle the rapid pace and volume of material she needs to remember. But she said she intends to stick it out because the class is teaching her to manage her time, take good notes and work hard. “I’m struggling to adjust,” she said. “But I keep telling myself: ‘It’s OK. You can do it. Just push yourself’.”Some critics worry that the open-access movement is pushing too many unprepared students into AP classes, as shown by higher exam failure rates over the last decade. They also fear that open enrollment (录取) policies are encouraging teachers to weaken courses and give out high grades to students who don’t deserve them. “While expanding access is generally a good thing, we need to make sure we’re not watering down the experience for the high achievers,” said Michael Petrilli, executive vice president of the Thomas B. Fordham Institute, a Washington-based educational policy organization.12. The purpose of the new AP courses system at Alex Wong’s school is to ______.A. make sure all students get access to the AP courses they desire.B. ensure that students have a fair chance to get access to AP courses.C. improve the academic performance of students in AP courses.D. separate high achievers from average students through the new courses.13. According to the article, the AP Flea Market Facebook group is a place where ______.A. students’ parents send their complaints to school administrators.B. students share tips about saving money for college.C. students offer items to trade for the AP courses they need.D. students can find support and guidance on their AP study.14. Which of the following statements would Michael Petrilli agree with?A. Opening AP courses to all students is a bad idea.B. School administrators should maintain high academic standards for AP courses.C. High schools should stop charging students for taking AP courses.D. Access to AP courses is necessary for students applying for top American colleges.15. The author used Miracle Vitangcol’s example to show that ______.A. students need to remember too much in their AP courses.B.AP courses pose a big challenge to unprepared students.C. the secret to success in AP courses is to keep pushing yourself.D. average students don’t deserve their places in AP courses.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试语文试题含答案
试卷类型： A2019年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）语文试题本试卷共10页，22小题，满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自已所在县（市、区）、姓名、试室号、座位号和考生号填写清楚，将条形码粘贴在指定区域。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动请先用橡皮擦擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号。
主观题请用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上作答。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．考试结束，监考人员将试卷、答题卷一并收回。
5．保持答题卷清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破。
一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
“天下”是中国传统文化对世界秩序的一种原初想象，“天下主义”是以“天下”理念为核心，由具有普遍性和开放性的世界秩序、价值规范与理想人格构成的思想体系。
在当今全球化语境之下，中国文化理念和文化战略的自觉自信体现的正是“天下主义”的精神内核。
文化自信首先是一种“以天下观天下”的世界观的自信。
《道德经》有云：“修之于天下，其德乃普。
故以身观身，以家观家，以乡观乡，以国观国，以天下观天下。
”“天下”是中国文化特有的思维尺度，是一个最宏大、最完备的分析单位，具有最广阔的容纳力。
面对差异性的多元文化格局，西方文化多以民族国家为基本单位，文化视域限于国家、民族内部，虽然也有关于世界的思考，比如斯多葛学派的“世界主义”等，但其思考方式是“以国家观世界”，与中国文化的立足点和尺度不同。
中国文化的“天下”蕴含了“天下无外”的理想，各个民族的历史文化在世界内部是平等共存的；中国文化依循“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的进路，从“身-家-国”逻辑同构的角度，最终达到“天下大同”的境界。
与西方文化相较，“天下”的世界观更具有开放性和包容性。
文化自信的核心是“以天下为一家”的价值观的自信。
广东省广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷+Word版含答案
2019年广州市普通高中业班综合测试（二）英语2019.4 本试卷10页,满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和和第卷(非选择题)两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号信息点，修改时须用橡皮擦干净。
因笔试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始,试题题序号从“21”开始。
2.作答第I卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3.第卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并并交回。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AThe country is India. A large dinner party is being given in an up-country station by acolonial official and his wife. The guests are army and government officers and their wives, and anAmerican naturalist.At one side of the long table, a spirited discussion springs up between a young girl and an armyofficer. The girl insists women have long outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouseera, and that they are not as anxious as their grandmothers were. The officer says they are,arguing women haven't the actual nerve control of men.“A woman's reaction in any crisis," the officer says,“is to scream. And while a man mayfeel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has."The American scientist does not join in the argument but sits and watches the faces of theother guests. As he stares, he sees a slight, though strange look of anxiety come over the face of thehostess. With a small gesture she summons the servant standing behind her chair. She whispers tohim. The servant's eyes widen. He turns quickly and leaves the room. No one else sees this, nor theservant when he puts a bowl of milk on the balcony outside the glass doors.The American understands. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing. It is bait fora snake. He realizes there is a cobra in the room. The American's eyes move across the roombut he sees nothing. He realizes the snake can only be in one place - under the table.His first reaction is to jump back and warn the others. But he knows any sudden movementwill frighten the cobra and it will strike. He speaks quickly, the quality of his voice so arrestingthat it quietens everyone.“I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will countthree hundred - that's five minutes - and not one of you is to move a single muscle. Now! Ready!"The 20 people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying ..o.. hundred and eighty.."when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the snake emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Four orfive screams ring out as he jumps to slam shut the balcony doors.“There is your proof!" the host says.“A man has just shown us real control."“Just a minute," the American says, turning to his hostess,“How did you know that cobrawas in the room?"A faint smile comes across the woman's face as she repli es. “Because it was lying across myfoot.""21.What is the argument between the army officer and the young girl about?A. Whether women are afraid of mice.B. Whether men are calmer than women.C. Whether men are cleverer than women.D. Whether women would make suitable soldiers.22. Why is the servant asked to put out some milk?A. To play a trick.B. To serve the guests.C. To attract the snake .D. To feed the hostess's pet.23. Why does the scientist suggest the guests play a game?A. He doesn't want anyone to panic.B. He intends to test the officer's theory.C. He sees there was a snake in the room.D. He wants to entertain the other guests.24. What does the author imply through the hostess's final statement?A. The army officer's opinion is wrong.B. The hostess understood the American's intention.C. The American was surprised by the snake's presence.D. The hostess has had previous experience dealing with snakes.B25. What caused musicals to move in a new direction during the 1930's?A. The development of new musical instruments.B. The audience s demand for more realistic art forms.C. The rising popularity of other types of entertainment.D. The greater acceptance of black performers by white audiences.26. In which period did musical theatre become more complex and dramatic?A. Pre - 1900.B. 1900- 1929.C.1940- 1949.D.1950- 1959.27. What can be reasonably inferred about the musical West Side Story?A. It told its story in a new way.B. It was based on a true story.C. It was a non-Broadway show.D. It was not very successful at first.CIn 1874 Francis Galton, a British professor, analysed a sample of English scientists and foundthe vast majority to be first-born sons. This led him to theorise that first-born children enjoyed aspecial level of attention from their parents that allowed them to advance intellctually. Half acentury later Alfred Adler, an Austrian psychologist, made a similar argument relating to personality.First-born children, he suggested, were more diligent, while the later-born were more outgoing andemotionally stable. Many subsequent studies have explored these ideas, but their findings have beenvaried - some supporting and some rejecting the original conclusions.The main problem with the previous studies is that they were too small - often limited to afew dozen individuals. This would be true even if the statistical methodsneeded to analyse the datawere simple, but they are not. Distinguishing birth-order effects from those caused by family sizecomplicates matters, meaning still bigger samples must be analysed to obtain meaningful results.To overcome the limitation of these earlier studies, German social scientist Dr. HelmetSchmukle and his colleagues analysed three huge sets of data from America, Britain and Germany.These data sets, though collected for other purposes, included personality and intelligence tests on20, 186 people at different stages of their lives. The American tests were on individuals aged between29 and 35. The British tests were conducted on 50-year-olds. The German tests ran the whole span ofadult life, from 18 to 98.Birth order, they found, had no effect on personality: first-borns were no more, nor less,likely than their younger siblings to be hardworking, outgoing or anxious. But it did affectintelligence. In a family with two children, the first child was more intelligent than the second60% of the time, rather than the 50% that would be expected by chance. On average, thistranslated to a difference of 1.5 IQ points between first and second siblings. That figure agreeswith previous studies, and thus looks confirmed.It is, nevertheless, quite a small difference - and whether it is enough to account for Galton'soriginal observation is unclear. In any event, it is certainly not deterministic. Galton was theyoungest of nine.28. Alfred Adler concluded that first-born children were.A. more stableB. more sociableC. more intelligentD. more hardworking29. What does the underlined“they" in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The data.B. The analyses.C. The previous studies.D. The statistical methods.30. Why was Schmukle's study considered superior to previous research?A. It involved a wider age range.B. It had a much larger sample size.C. It included a larger number of countries.D. It was conducted over a longer period of time.31. Why does the author mention Galton's family background in the last paragraph?A. To confirm Galton's difficult upbringing.B. To suggest Galton's theory may not be correct.C. To compare his experience with Galton's parents.D. To explain why Galton was interested in birth order.DPhotography has opened our eyes to a multitude of beauties, things we literally could nothave seen before the invention of the frozen image. It has greatly expanded our notion of whatis beautiful, what is aesthetically(审美上) pleasing. Items formerly considered trivial, and notworth an artist's paint, have been revealed and honored by the photograph: things as ordinary as afence post, a chair, a vegetable. And as technology has developed, photographers have exploredcompletely new points of view: those of the microscope, the eagle, the cosmos.What is it that delights the human eye and allows us to claim that a photograph is beautiful?Photography depends on the trinity of light, composition, and moment. Light literally makes therecording of an image possible, but in the right hands, light in a photograph can make the image soar. The same is true with composition. What the photographer chooses to keep in or out of theframe is all that we will ever see - but that combination is vital. And the moment that the shutter ispressed, when an instant is frozen in time, provides the whole image with meaning. When thethree - light, composition, and moment - are in balance, there is visual magic.Light, composition, and moment come together in a photograph to bring us the ultimatereality: a view of the world unknown prior to the invention of the camera. Before photography, thebasic artistic rules of painting were rarely broken. Images were made to please, not to capturereality. But as photography evolved, painterly rules were often reacted in the pursuit of fresh vision.Photographers became interested in the real world, good and bad, and it was the accidental detail thatwas celebrated. Photography invited the world to see with new eyes - to see photographically - andall of the arts have drawn new inspiration from this change.With these basic aesthetic tools, photographers have evolved from scientists longing to“fix"an image - any image - to artistic revolutionaries. Photographs have created a new way of seeing,changed our ideas of beauty and, most importantly, made art more democratic. They have given usvisual proof that the world is grander than we imagined, and that there is beauty, often overlooked,in nearly everything.32. Before the invention of photography, which of the following was least likely to appear in anartistic work?A. A great person.B. A lovely insect.C. A grand building.D. A beautiful landscape.33. What is the function of paragraph 2?A. To argue that photographic beauty is subjective.B. To explain the evolution of the concept of beauty.C. To describe the elements that make a successful photo.D. To illustrate different types of photographic techniques.34. How has photography affected other art forms?A. It has reduced their popularity.B. It has forced them to change their rules.C. It has changed their methods of composition.D. It has provided them with new points of view.35. What does the author mean by saying photography has“made art more democratic" ?A. It has expanded the concept of artistic beauty.B. It has challenged the status of traditional art forms.C. It has enabled the development of new artistic tools.D. It has allowed more people to take part in creative activities.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
精品解析：【市级联考】广东省广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试语文试题(解析版)
2019年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）语文试题阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
“天下”是中国传统文化对世界秩序的一种原初想象，“天下主义”是以“天下”理念为核心，由具有普遍性和开放性的世界秩序、价值规范与理想人格构成的思想体系。
在当今全球化语境之下，中国文化理念和文化战略的自觉自信体现的正是“天下主义”的精神内核。
文化自信首先是一种“以天下观天下”的世界观的自信。
《道德经》有云：“修之于天下，其德乃普。
故以身观身，以家观家，以乡观乡，以国观国，以天下观天下。
”“天下”是中国文化特有的思维尺度，是一个最宏大、最完备的分析单位，具有最广阔的容纳力。
面对差异性的多元文化格局，西方文化多以民族国家为基本单位，文化视域限于国家、民族内部，虽然也有关于世界的思考，比如斯多葛学派的“世界主义”等，但其思考方式是“以国家观世界”，与中国文化的立足点和尺度不同。
中国文化的“天下”蕴含了“天下无外”的理想，各个民族的历史文化在世界内部是平等共存的；中国文化依循“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的进路，从“身-家-国”逻辑同构的角度，最终达到“天下大同”的境界。
与西方文化相较，“天下”的世界观更具有开放性和包容性。
文化自信的核心是“以天下为一家”的价值观的自信。
中国文化是以儒家文化为代表的伦理型文化，梁漱溟认为“中国伦理始于家庭而不止于家庭”，中国文化重视家庭生活，整个社会关系是依照家庭关系推广发挥的。
“以天下为一家”的价值观实质上是一种关系性伦理，把“自我”和“他者”看成一体共生的关系。
“天下”是一个最大的家，家庭利益的最大化就是个体利益的最大化，共同体的善与个体的善是统一的。
文化自信最终体现为一种人格自信。
无论是“以天下观天下”的世界观，还是“以天下为一家”的价值观，最终都沉淀为个体的精神品格。
中国文化倡导和推崇的理想人格是“君子”，这是由中国人独特的精神气质所决定的。
“君子”是一个自主自足的动态形象，通过“身-家-国-天下”的逐渐扩充延展，人格不断超越并完善。
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试题及答案
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALook at Some Greatest BookstoresAnother CountryKreuzberg, Berlin, Germany. Another Country is an English Language second hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20, 000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop, such as readings, cultural events, social evenings and film nights.Atlantis BooksOia, Santorini, Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini, Greece. It was founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus, England, and the United States. Throughout the year it has hosted literary festivals, film screenings, book readings, and good old fashioned dance parties.Bart’s BooksOjai, California. U. S. A. “The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore”, a bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street, and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed.Adrian Harringtonsince 1971. Rare books: rare first editions; leather bound sets and general antiquarian(古玩).Address: 64a Kensington Church Street, Kensington, London, England, UK.Corso Como BookshopMilan, Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art architecture, design graphics and fashion, along with a strong emphasis on photography. It was founded in 1990 in Milan, Italy, by Carla Sozzamil.The BookwormChina. A bookshop, library, bar, restaurant and event space, now with four divisions in three cities — Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu. The interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer, yet warm and comfortable in winter.1.What can you do in Atlantis Books?A.Enjoy rare books.B.Attend a festival.C.Learn photography.D.Buy books anytime.2.Which bookstore has the longest history?A.Adrian Harrington.B.Atlantis Books.C.Bart’s Books.D.Corso Como Bookshop.3.How is The Bookworm different from the others?A.It is used as a library.B.It focuses on photography.C.It hosts all sorts of activities.D.It has branches in different cities.BOne Sunday morning, my family and I went to a popular restaurant for breakfast. As soon as we walked into Restaurant Happy Meal, a young waitress showed us to a table.We ordered our food and soon after, our food came. Just as we were about to begin our meal, we heard someone shouting for the boss.“What is this? A dead fly in my food!’’ a man with a deep scar (疤) acrosshis face shouted angrily. He strongly hit his fist on the table and swept the plates and cups off it.Thesecame crashing to the floor, breaking into pieces. His companion, a huge man with a tattoo on his arm, stared angrily at the boss who stood nervously in front of the two gangsters (歹徒).The boss apologized repeatedly to the angry customers and tried to calm them down by offering to replace their food. He even told them that they could have their meal for free.The commotion(混乱) affected the business of the restaurant. Fearing that aquarrel would happen, many customers quickly paid for their meals and left the restaurant hurriedly. Some of them had not even finished their breakfast.My father told us to eat our food quickly and not to look at the two angry men. We obeyed him and finished our food within minutes. That was probably the quietest and fastest breakfast my family ever had.Although my father warned us not to look at the two unruly (任性的) customers, I could not help stealing a glance at them.I saw that the boss had managed to calm the two angry customers. Fresh food and drinks were brought to their table. They sat down again and continued their breakfast. Meanwhile the waitress who had shown us to our table earlier swept up the broken china.4. What does the underlined word “These” refer to?A. Tables.B. Cups and plates.C. Two angry customers.D. Dead fly and the food.5. What can we know about the owner from paragraph 4?A. He was sorry for what had happened.B. He was angry with the two customers.C. He was pardoned by the two customers.D. He was disappointed that the men caused problems here.6. What can we infer about the writer and his family?A. They might often talk while they ate.B. They ordered a lot of food each time they ate out.C. They often ate silently and that day was no exception.D. They usually did not like to be disturbed while they ate.7. What did the writer think of the boss?A. Foolish.B. Active.C. Hardworking.D. Wise.CWhen visitors enter Planet Word, a new museum in Washington, D. C , they will see Speaking Willow, a tall art piece representing a tree. As they pass under the artwork, they can hear recordings of speech in hundreds of languages coming from the tree. Most words sound foreign to the listeners. The different voices also speak at the same time. The resultingclamoris similar to that made in a crowded theater before a show begins.Rafael Lozano-Hemmer completed the piece last year. On his website, the artist says that Speaking Willow “reminds us that language is what defines our specific communities and connects our many cultures.” Lozano-Hemmer made the piece specially for the museum.It is the first of many immersive (身临其境的) experiences for visitors at Planet Word, a museum all about words and language. The exhibits playfully explore the lager and complex subject of language.In one room, a video plays, showing babies saying their first words. Another room, called “Where Do Words Come From”, teaches the history of some common English words. The space includes a 22-foot-tali “Wall of Words”, where visitors speak into devices and learn about the roots of the English language.Another room invites listeners to speak and learn about different languages. Native speakers of 28 languages and two sign languages teach people sayings in those languages. They also explain how language shapes their understanding of the world and how words cannot be separated from culture.Other rooms explore the different ways language is used — from humor and song writing to public speakingand advertising. Visitors can sing karaoke while learning about song writing, record a famous speech, play a joke-telling game, and teach a computer how to make cartoons. Almost every exhibit is interactive and most ask visitors to speak aloud.One exhibit room is all about books. It is designed to look like an old, rich library. Books line the shelves. When a book is placed on the table, a recorded reading begins and pictures appear.8. What does the underlined word “clamor” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Scene.B. Noise.C. Language.D. Appearance.9. The SpeakingWillowwas created ______.A specially B. accidentallyC. on requestD. out of curiosity10. What can we learn from the video in the room?A. Words and cultures.B. Different languages.C. The history of words.D. The first words newborns say.11. In which paragraph can you find the methods of using languages?A. 3.B. 4.C. 6.D. 7.DWhen girls play with cars, they're serious. It was at primary school that Gu Huijing first became interested in cars after watching some car-themed movies. Born in2004 inShenzhen, Guangdong province, Gu decided to major in automobiles (汽车) when she was in junior high.She's driven by interest, but she is also a realist. “I think the future of the automobile industry is bright because we cannot live without food, clothes, houses and cars,” she said.In April, she won first prize at a competition for vehicle maintenance (车辆维修) in Dongguan city, which drew 33 teams from different cities across the province.“I thought it couldn't be that hard to repair cars when I started to take courses, but I was totally wrong,” Gu said. When she started learning in 2019, she was frequently confused by various problems. “And competition within our school is intense, so I had to work extra hard,” she said.Her teacher once tried to persuade her to give up as she was a sophomore (大二学生), and wasn't as knowledgeable as the seniors, and no women had ever been selected for the competition before. “But I insistedthat I would carry on,” she said. Finally, her training and hard work won her the only place to stand for her school at the competition.A woman winning first prize in a vehicle maintenance competition became a hot topic on-line, causing heated discussions over gender (性别) and career choices. “Women should not be influenced by old-fashioned thinking, and should do whatever it takes to discover their interests and strengths. There are more possibilities out there,” one netizen wrote.Gu said, “Many people think vehicle maintenance is a job for men. That's wrong. I don't think gender has anything to do with choice of jobs.” “I have a goal and I will work harder to make it happen,” she added. “I will be responsible for my choices.”12. What was a cause of Gu's choosing automobiles as her major?A. The love for automobiles.B. The guidance from her parents.C. The high popularity of automobiles.D. The determination to contribute to society.13. Why did Gu's teacher advise her to quit the competition?A. She lacked the knowledge related to it.B. She had never taken part in a competition before.C. She was unlikely to win the competition.D. Women were not allowed to enter the competition.14. Which of the following best describes Gu Huijing?A. Creative and caring.B. Determined and hard-working.C. Independent and humorous.D. Honest and courageous.15. What would be the best title for the text?A. There Is No End To LearningB. Teenage Girl Wins Car Repair ContestC. Vehicle Maintenance Catches OnD. Taking Challenge Leads To Success第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年广州市第二中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APlan Your Visit to the British MuseumWe've made a few changes to ensure you can safely enjoy your visit:How to book tickets·Tickets for the permanent collection can only be hooked online in advance.·To book tickets for exhibitions, visit our exhibition pages. If you want to guarantee your visit to the permanent collection as well as the exhibition on your visit, you will need to book a separate ticket.·We are limiting numbers of people in the museum to ensure there is room for you to safely enjoy your visit. Everyone, including members and volunteers, will therefore need to book a free, timed ticket in advance.Important information about your ticket booking·You can book up to six tickets for people who live in the same family.·We will email yourticket to you, and you will need to show it either printed out or on your device (设备) when you arrive.·Please arrive at the time stated on your ticket-we cannot guarantee admission before or after it.Following the routeWe have created a new one-way route through the museum which will allow you to safely explore world cultures from the Mediterranean to the Middle East and from the Americas to Africa.·View a map of the route (Open in a new window).·Our audio guides (音频指南) are not available. However, youcan pay to download the audio introductions from iTunes (Open in a new window) or Google Play (Open in a new window) to each of the galleries and listen on your own device. Please remember to bring along your own headphones.1.Why does the museum offer timed tickets?A.To earn more money.B.To hire more volunteers.C.To save room for collections.D.To control the number of visitors.2.How can a visitor learn about the new route in advance?A.View an online map.B.Buy a new headphone.C.Buy audio guides from the museum.D.Download video introductions from iTunes.3.Where can you probably find the text?A.In a newspaper.B.In a magazine.C.On a website.D.In a report.BIn Copenhagen, an 8-year dream was realized when the first paid skiers took their runs down a one-third-mile course (路线)．They skied on what is possibly the greenestpower factory in the world．The factory is so clean and safe that designers were able to turn its buildings into a new center for social life．The waste-to-power factory itself opened in 2017 under the name Amager Bakke．Bjarke Ingels is the architect whosecompany came up with the idea eight years ago of designing a power plant building that would join mountain sports into its very nature．“It is the cleanest waste-to-energy power plant in the world．It is not only better for the environment, it is also moreenjoyable for the lives of its citizens.” Ingels says 97% of city people get their heating as a by-product of energy production．It comes from a system where the electricity, heating, and waste disposal (处理) are mixed into a single process．He dreams that it is also becoming an example that others can look to and say, “IfCopenhagencan do it why can' t we?"There are no hills in this island city, but now people can ski locally, while enjoying the best views ever seen of the harbor．Another thing missing hereis snow cover throughout the winter, so designers set up a kind of special "plastic grass" that provides the perfect friction (摩擦力) for downhill winter sports．In a country where 600, 000 skiers always had to travel to practice sking, to be able to finally ski in their backyard-and, all year round - is, as one skier said, “AMAZING．”The company hopes to see 300, 000 visitors enjoying the experience of Copen hill each year, with the ski slope costing $ 22 an hour or just $ 366 for a full season pass．Meanwhile, the city is one step closer to its final goal of becoming the world's first carbon-neutral city by 2025．We thinkit might be all “down hill” from here．4. How does the power factory produce electricity?A. By using oil．B. By using coal．C. By usingwind．D. By using waste．5. What' s Ingels' dream according to the passage?A. To make more tall buildings in different big cities．B. To help more skiers to ski in high mountains．C. There will be more green power factories in the world．D. More and more people will ski in the power factory．6. Where do the skiers ski in the power factory?A. On man-made snow．B. On man-made ice．C. On plastic grass．D. On real sand．7. The underlined part “it might be all 'downhill' from here" means that________.A. they will soon reach their final goalB. they will soon draw many visitorsC. they will produce more electricityD. they have difficulties reaching the goalCI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。
广东省广州市2019届高三第二次模拟考试数学(文)试题含答案
2019年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）文科数学2019.4本试卷共6页，23小题，满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
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一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1.已知集合A={x∈N|0<x<6} , B={2, 4, 6, 8} ,则A∩B=A.{0,1,3,5}B.{0,2,4,6}C. {1,3,5}D.{2,4,6}2．已知复数z=m(3+i)-(2+i)在复平面内对应的点在第三象限，则实数m的取值范围是A． B. C． D.3．某公司生产A，B，C三种不同型号的轿车，产量之比依次为2：3：4，为检验该公司的产品质量，用分层抽样的方法抽取一个容量为n的样本，若样本中A种型号的轿车比B种型号的轿车少8辆，则n=A. 96B. 72C. 48D. 364．执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出z的值是A. 21B. 22C. 23D. 245．从某班5名学生（其中男生3人，女生2人）中任选3人参加学校组织的社会实践活动，则所选3人中至少有1名女生的概率为A. B. C. D.6．函数y=的部分图像如图所示，则函数的解析式为A． B.C. D．7．设等比数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，则下列等式中一定成立的是A. S n+S2n=S3nB. S22n=S n S3nC. S22n=S n+S2n- S3nD. S2n + S22n=S n (S2n+S3n)8．已知双曲线拘渐近线方程为5x±3y=0，则此双曲线的离心率为A. B. C. D.9．一个圆锥的体积为，当这个圆锥的侧面积最小时，其母线与底面所成角的正切值为A． B． C． D．10.设a≥b≥c，且1是一元二次方程ax2+ bx+c=0的一个实根，则的取值范围为A．[-2，0] B．C．D．11．在三棱锥P-ABC中，PA=PB=PC=2，AB=AC=I，BC=，则该三棱锥的外接球的表面积为A． B． C． D．12.己知函数与的图像上存在关于x轴对称的点，则实数a的取值范围为A．B．C．D．二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．13.已知向量，向量，则=14. 《莱茵德纸草书》是世界上最古老的数学著作之一．书中有一道这样的题目：把100个面包分给5个人，使每人所得份量成等差数列，且较大的三份之和的是较小的两份之和，则最小一份的量为．15.若函数f(x)=x2 -x+l+ alnx在(0，+∞)上单调递增，则实数a的取值范围是．16.己知点P在直线x+2y-l=0上，点Q在直线x+2y+3=O E，PQ的中点为M(x0，y0)，且-1≤y0-x0≤7，则的取值范围是____．三、解答题：共70分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程和演算步骤，第17～21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须做答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求做答．（一）必考题：共60分．17. （本小题满分12分）△ABC中角A，B，C的对边分别为a，b，c，已知(1)求的值；(2)若c=2，求△ABC的面积．18. （本小题满分12分）如图，在四棱锥P-ABCD中，底面ABCD是边长为2的菱形，∠BAD=60°，∠APD=90°，且PA=PD，AD=PB．(1)求证：AD⊥PB；(2)求点A到平面PBC的距离．19. （本小题满分12分）科研人员在对人体脂肪含量和年龄之间关系的研究中，获得了一些年龄和脂肪含量的简单随机样本数据，如下表：根据上表的数据得到如下的散点图．(1)根据上表中的样本数据及其散点图：(i)求;(ii)计算样本相关系数（精确到0.01），并刻画它们的相关程度．(2)若y关于x的线性回归方程为，求的值（精确到0.01），并根据回归方程估计年龄为50岁时人体的脂肪含量．附：参考数据：参考公式：相关系数回归方程中斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式分别为20. （本小题满分12分）从抛物线y 2 =36x 上任意一点P 向x 轴作垂线段，垂足为Q ，点M 是线段PQ 上的一点，且满足(1)求点M 的轨迹C 的方程；(2)设直线x=my+1(m∈R)与轨迹c 交于A ，B 两点，T 为C 上异于A ，B 的任意一点，直线AT ，BT 分别与直线x=-1交于D ，E 两点，以DE 为直径的圆是否过x 轴上的定点？若过定点，求出符合条件的定点坐标；若不过定点，请说明理由．21. （本小题满分12分）已知函数f(x)=(x+2)lnx+ax 2 - 4x+ 7a ．(1)若a=，求函数f(x)的所有零点；(2)若a≥，证明函数f(x)不存在极值．（二）选考题：共10分．请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分．22．[选修4 -4：坐标系与参数方程]（本小题满分10分）在直角坐标系xOy 中，倾斜角为α的直线l 的参数方程为（t 为参数）．在以坐标原点为⎩⎨⎧+=+=ααsin 3,cos 2t y t x 极点，x 轴正半轴为极轴的极坐标系中，曲线C 的极坐标方程为ρ2= 2p cosθ+8．(1)求直线l 的普通方程与曲线C 的直角坐标方程；(2)若直线l 与曲线C 交于A ，B 两点，且求直线l 的倾斜角．23.[选修4-5：不等式选讲]（本小题满分10分）己知函数f(x) =|2x-l|-a．(1)当a=l时，解不等式f(x)>x+1；(2)若存在实数x，使得f(x)< f(x+1)成立，求实数a的取值范围.绝密 ★ 启用前2019年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）文科数学试题答案及评分参考评分说明:1．本解答给出了一种或几种解法供参考，如果考生的解法与本解答不同，可根据试题的主要考查内容比照评分参考制订相应的评分细则．2．对计算题，当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时，如果后继部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度，可视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分，但不得超过该部分正确解答应得分数的一半；如果后继部分的解答有较严重的错误，就不再给分．3．解答右端所注分数，表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数．4．只给整数分数．选择题不给中间分．一、选择题题号123456789101112答案D B B A A B D B D C B C二、填空题13 14． 15． 16．531,8⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭2,05⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦三、解答题17．解：（1）因为，tan tan 2(tan tan )cos cos A B A B B A+=+所以．………………………………………………1分sin sin sin sinB 2cos cos cos cos cos cos A B A A B A B A B⎛⎫+=+ ⎪⎝⎭化简得．………………………………………………2分()2sin cos cos sin sin sin A B A B A B +=+即．………………………………………………………………………3分()2sin sin sin A B A B +=+因在中，，则．……………………………4分ABC ∆A B C ++=π()()sin sin sin A B C C π+=-=从而．…………………………………………………………………………… 5分sin sin 2sin A B C +=由正弦定理，得．2a b c +=所以．……………………………………………………………………………………………6分=2a b c+（2）由（1）知，且，所以．……………………………………………………7分2a b c +=2c =4a b +=因为，所以．……………………………………9分=3C π()222222cos 22a b ab c a b c C ab ab+--+-==即．122cos 32ab abπ-=所以．……………………………………………………………………………………………10分4ab =所以．11sin 4sin 223ABC S ab C ∆π==⨯⨯=所以△．……………………………………………………………………………12分ABC 18．（1）证明：取的中点，连结，，，AD O OP OB BD 因为底面为菱形，，ABCD 60BAD ∠= DB A P O所以．…………………………………1分AD AB BD ==因为为的中点，所以． ……………2分O AD BO AD ⊥在△中，，为的中点，PAD PA PD =O AD 所以． ………………………………………3分PO AD ⊥因为，所以平面．………4分BO PO O = AD ⊥POB 因为平面，所以．………………………………………………………………5分PB ⊂POB AD PB ⊥（2）解法1：在△ 中，，所以．Rt PAD 2AD =1PO =因为底面是边长为2的菱形，，所以．……………………………6分ABCD 60BAD ∠= BO =在△中，，，，PBO 1PO =BO =2PB BC ==因为，所以．……………………………………………………………7分222PO BO PB +=PO BO ⊥【6-7分段另证：在△中，，为的中点，所以．APD 90APD ∠= O AD 12PO AD AO ==在△ 和△ 中，因为， ，，所以△ △ BOP BOA PO AO =PB AD AB ==BO BO =BOP ≅．BOA 所以．所以．】90BOP BOA ∠=∠= OP OB ⊥由（1）有，且，平面，平面，PO AD ⊥AD BO O = AD ⊂ABCD BO ⊂ABCD 所以平面．…………………………………………………………………………………8分PO ⊥ABCD 在△中，由（1）证得，且，所以．PBC AD PB ⊥//BC AD BC PB ⊥因为，所以．…………………………………………………………………9分2PB BC ==2PBC S ∆=在△中，，，ABC 2AB BC ==120ABC ∠=所以． (10)分1sin 2ABC S AB BC ABC =⨯⨯⨯∠=设点到平面的距离为，A PBC h 因为，即．……………………………………………………11分A PBCP ABC V V --=1133PBC ABC Sh S PO ∆=所以ABC PBC S PO h S ∆===所以点到平面．…………………………………………………………………12分A PBC 解法2：因为，平面，平面，//AD BC BC ⊂PBC AD ⊄PBC 所以平面．//AD PBC 所以点到平面的距离等于点到平面的距离．………………………………………6分A PBC O PBC 过点作于点．…………………………7分O OH PB ⊥H 由（1）证得平面，且，AD ⊥POB //AD BC 所以平面．BC ⊥POB 因为平面，所以．OH ⊂POB BC ⊥OH 因为，平面，平面，PB BC B = PB ⊂PBC BC ⊂PBC 所以平面．…………………………………8分OH ⊥PBC 在△ 中，，所以．Rt PAD 2AD =1PO =H O PABD因为底面是边长为2的菱形，，所以．……………………………9分ABCD 60BAD ∠=BO =在△中，，，，PBO 1PO=BO =2PB BC ==因为，所以．…………………………………………………………10分222PO BO PB +=PO BO ⊥【9-10分段另证：在△中，，为的中点，所以．APD 90APD ∠=O AD 12PO AD AO ==在△和△ 中，因为，，，所以△ △BOP BOA PO AO =PB AD AB ==BO BO =BOP ≅．BOA 所以．所以．】90BOP BOA ∠=∠=OP OB ⊥在△中，根据等面积关系得．…………………………………………11分PBO PB OH PO OB ⨯=⨯所以．PO OB OH PB ⨯===所以点到平面．…………………………………………………………………12分A PBC 19．解：（1）根据上表中的样本数据及其散点图：（ⅰ）．…………………………………2分262739414953565860614710x +++++++++==（ⅱ）…………3分rnnx y==…………………………………4分==…………………………………………………………………………5分=，6.56≈54.18≈所以．……………………………………………………………………………………………6分0.98r ≈由样本相关系数，可以推断人体脂肪含量和年龄的相关程度很强．………………………7分0.98r ≈（2）因为回归方程为，即．ˆˆ 1.56ybx =+ˆ 1.56a =所以．ˆ27 1.56ˆ0.5447y abx--==≈【或利用】……………………………10分()()()121ˆn iii nii x x y y bx x ==--=-∑∑()1221ni ii nii x y nx yxn x==-=-∑∑837.80.541548=≈所以关于的线性回归方程为．y x ˆ0.54 1.56yx =+将代入线性回归方程得．……………………………………11分50x =ˆ0.5450 1.5628.56y=⨯+=所以根据回归方程估计年龄为岁时人体的脂肪含量为%．………………………………12分5028.56 【结论没写%扣1分】28.5620．解：（1）设，，则点的坐标为．(),M x y ()00,P x y Q ()0,0x 因为，2PM MQ =所以，………………………………………………………………………1分()()000,2,x x y y x x y --=--即 ………………………………………………………………………………………………2分00,3.x x y y =⎧⎨=⎩因为点在抛物线上，P 236y x =所以，即．………………………………………………………………………3分20036y x =()2336y x =所以点的轨迹的方程为．…………………………………………………………………4分M C 24y x =（2）解法1：设直线与曲线的交点坐标为，，1x my =+C A 211,4y y ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭222,4y B y ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭由得．21,4,x my y x =+⎧⎨=⎩2440y my --=由韦达定理得=，=．……………………………………………………………5分+1y 2y 4m 1y 2y 4-设点，则．………………………………………………………6分200,4y T y ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭10220101444AT y y k y y y y -==+-所以直线的方程为．AT 2000144y y y x y y ⎛⎫-=- ⎪+⎝⎭令，得点的坐标为．…………………………………………………………7分1x =-D 010141,y y y y ⎛⎫-- ⎪+⎝⎭同理可得点的坐标为．………………………………………………………………8分E 020241,y y y y ⎛⎫-- ⎪+⎝⎭如果以为直径的圆过轴某一定点，则满足．…………………………9分DE x (),0N n 0ND NE ∙=因为．010********,1,y y y y ND NE n n y y y y ⎛⎫⎛⎫--∙=--∙-- ⎪ ⎪++⎝⎭⎝⎭ ()()()2212001220012124161++y y y y y y n y y y y y y -++=+++所以．………………………………………………………………10分()2200200416161++044y my n y my --+=+-即，解得或．……………………………………………………………11分()2140n +-=1n =3n =-故以为直径的圆过轴上的定点和．………………………………………………12分DE x ()1,0()3,0-解法2：直线与曲线的交点坐标为，，1x =C ()1,2A '()1,2B '-若取，则，与直线的交点坐标为，，()0,0T 'A T ''B T ''1x =-()1,2D '--()1,2E '-所以以为直径的圆的方程为．D E ''()2214x y ++=该圆与轴的交点坐标为和．x ()1,0()3,0-所以符合题意的定点只能是或．…………………………………………………6分()11,0N ()23,0N -设直线与曲线的交点坐标为，，1x my =+C A 211,4y y ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭222,4y B y ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭由得．21,4,x my y x =+⎧⎨=⎩2440y my --=由韦达定理得=，=．……………………………………………………………7分+1y 2y 4m 1y 2y 4-设点，则．………………………………………………………8分200,4y T y ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭10220101444AT y y k y y y y -==+-所以直线的方程为．AT 2000144y y y x y y ⎛⎫-=- ⎪+⎝⎭令，得点的坐标为．…………………………………………………………9分1x =-D 010141,y y y y ⎛⎫-- ⎪+⎝⎭同理可得点的坐标为．………………………………………………………………10分E 020241,y y y y ⎛⎫-- ⎪+⎝⎭若点满足要求，则满足．()11,0N 110N D N E ∙= 因为0102110102442,2,y y y y N D N E y y y y ⎛⎫⎛⎫--∙=-∙- ⎪ ⎪++⎝⎭⎝⎭．……11分()()212001220012124164+y y y y y y y y y y y y -++=+++20020041616=4+044y my y my --+=+-所以点满足题意．()11,0N 同理可证点也满足题意．()23,0N -故以为直径的圆过轴上的定点和．………………………………………………12分DE x ()1,0()3,0-21．（1）解：当时，，21=a 217()(2)ln 422f x x x x x =++-+函数的定义域为，…………………………………………………………………………1分)(x f ),0(+∞且．……………………………………………………………………………2分()2ln 3f x x x x'=++-设，()2ln 3g x x x x=++-则． ()()222221122()1x x x x g x x x x x+-+-'=-+==()0x >当时，；当时，，01x <<()0g x '<1x >()0g x '>即函数在上单调递减，在上单调递增，…………………………………………3分()g x ()0,1()1,+∞所以当时，（当且仅当时取等号）．…………………………………4分0x >()()10g x g ≥=1=x 即当时，（当且仅当时取等号）．0x >()0f x '≥1=x 所以函数在单调递增，至多有一个零点. ………………………………………………5分()f x ),0(+∞因为，是函数唯一的零点.(1)0f =1=x )(x f所以若，则函数的所有零点只有．…………………………………………………6分21=a ()f x 1=x （2）证法1：因为，2()(2)ln 47f x x x ax x a =++-+函数的定义域为，且．…………………………………7分)(x f ),0(+∞2()ln 24x f x x ax x+'=++-当时，，………………………………………………………………9分12a ≥()2ln 3f x x x x'≥++-由（1）知．………………………………………………………………………10分032ln ≥-++x xx 即当时，0x >()0f x '≥所以在上单调递增．……………………………………………………………………11分()f x ()0,+∞所以不存在极值．…………………………………………………………………………………12分)(x f 证法2：因为，2()(2)ln 47f x x x ax x a =++-+函数的定义域为，且．…………………………………7分)(x f ),0(+∞2()ln 24x f x x ax x+'=++-设，2()ln 24x m x x ax x+=++-则．2221222()2ax x m x a x x x+-'=-+=()0x >设，则与同号．)0( 22)(2>-+=x x ax x h ()m x ')(x h 当时，由，21≥a 2()220h x ax x =+-=解得， ．……………………………………………8分10x =<20x =>可知当时，，即，当时，，即，20x x <<()0h x <()0m x '<2 x x >()0h x >()0m x '>所以在上单调递减，在上单调递增．…………………………………………9分()f x '()20,x ()2,x +∞由（1）知．………………………………………………………………………10分032ln ≥-++x xx 则．2222222()ln 3(21)(21)0f x x x a x a x x '=++-+-≥-≥所以，即在定义域上单调递增．…………………………………………11分2()()0f x f x ''≥≥()f x 所以不存在极值．…………………………………………………………………………………12分)(x f 22．（1）解法1：因为直线的参数方程为（为参数），l ⎩⎨⎧+=+=ααsin 3,cos 2t y t x t 当时，直线的直角坐标方程为．…………………………………………………………1分=2απl 2x =当时，直线的直角坐标方程为．……………………………………3分2απ≠l ()tan 2y x α=-因为，…………………………………………………………………………4分222,cos x y x ρρθ=+=因为，所以．8cos 22+=θρρ2228x y x +=+所以的直角坐标方程为．………………………………………………………5分C 08222=--+x y x 解法2：因为直线的参数方程为（为参数），l ⎩⎨⎧+=+=ααsin 3,cos 2t y t x t 则有 (2)分sin 2sin sin cos ,cos sin cos ,x t y t αααααααα=+⎧⎪⎨=+⎪⎩所以直线的直角坐标方程为 ． (3)分l ()sin cos 2sin 0x y αααα---=因为，…………………………………………………………………………4分222,cos x y x ρρθ=+=因为，所以．8cos 22+=θρρ2228x y x +=+所以的直角坐标方程为．………………………………………………………5分C 08222=--+x y x （2）解法1：曲线的直角坐标方程为，C 08222=--+x y x 将直线的参数方程代入曲线的方程整理，得．……………6分l C 05)cos 2sin 32(2=-++t t αα因为，可设该方程的两个根为，，020)cos 2sin 32(2>++=∆αα1t 2t则，．……………………………………………………7分()122cos t t αα+=-+125t t=-所以12AB t t =-=．…………………………………………………………8分==整理得，)2cos 3αα+=故．…………………………………………………………………………………9分2sin 6απ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭因为，所以或，0α≤<π63αππ+=263αππ+=解得或6απ=2απ=综上所述，直线的倾斜角为或．…………………………………………………………………10分l 6π2π解法2：直线与圆交于，两点，且，l C A B AB =故圆心到直线的距离．…………………………………………………6分)0,1(C l 1)22(92=-=d ①当时，直线的直角坐标方程为，符合题意．…………………………………………7分2απ=l 2=x ②当时，直线的方程为．0,,22αππ⎡⎫⎛⎫∈π⎪ ⎪⎢⎣⎭⎝⎭l 0tan 23tan =-+-ααy x 所以，………………………………………………………………8分1tan 1|tan 230tan |2=+-+-=αααd．tan α=解得．………………………………………………………………………………………………9分6απ=综上所述，直线的倾斜角为或．…………………………………………………………………10分l 6π2π23．（1）解：当时，由，得．…………………………………………1分1a =()f x x >2111x x -->+当时，， 解得．12x ≥2111x x -->+3x >当时，，解得．…………………………………………………………4分12x <1211x x -->+13x <-综上可知，不等式的解集为 ．……………………………………5分()1f x x >+133x x x ⎧⎫><-⎨⎬⎩⎭或（2）解法1：由，得．1()(1)2f x f x <+1212122a x a x --<+-则．…………………………………………………………………………………6分22121a x x >--+令，()22121g x x x =--+则问题等价于min(())a g x >因为……………………………………………………………………9分123,,211()61,,22123,,2x x g x x x x x ⎧-+<-⎪⎪⎪=-+-≤≤⎨⎪⎪->⎪⎩．min 1()22g x g ⎛⎫==- ⎪⎝⎭所以实数的取值范围为．…………………………………………………………………10分a (2,)-+∞解法2：因为，………………………………………………6分2121(21)(21)x x x x --+≤--+即，则．……………………………………………7分221212x x -≤--+≤21212x x --+≥-所以，…………………………………………8分()2121212212g x x x x x =--++-≥-+-≥-当且仅当时等号成立．……………………………………………………………………………9分12x =所以．min ()2g x =-所以实数的取值范围为．…………………………………………………………………10分a (2,)-+∞。