[K12学习]山西省平遥县2018届高三英语9月月考试题

山西省平遥县2018届高三英语9月月考试题考试时间： 100分钟满分： 150分第I卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。

AHave you ever heard the saying “All roads lead to Rome”? At one time, this was pretty much true. During the Roman Empire ,lots of roads were built in order to move armies, send messages by courier (信使),and make trade easier.The network of Roman roads began in 312 BC .It was demanded that the roads be built strong so that they would not fall down. Roman soldiers, supervised (监督) by engineers ,laid down the roads in a special pattern of layers. There were all together 4 layers（层） , which was made of different materials, such as sand, rocks ,stones and so on.Also, Roman roads were cambered(拱形).This means that they were built higher in the middle than on the edges, allowing rainwater to run off, which prevented flooding. We use the same technique in building roads today. The Romans also laid out roads over hills when necessary ,setting them down in a zigzag (之字形的)pattern to make the road rise gradually.All Roman roads had milestones (里程碑),placed every thousand paces (a Roman mile).The milestones told when the road was built, who was emperor at the time ,the road’s destination, how far the traveler was from the destination, a nd how many miles had been traveled since the beginning of the road. This information was a great help to travelers.Because of their excellence in construction, it is really no surprise that many parts of Roman road still exist today. These roadways are one of the most impressive achievements of the Roman Empire.21.The following description about Roman roads is true EXCEPT .A. Roman roads were built by the Roman soldiers directed by the engineersB. Roman roads could prevent flooding using the techni que we don’t use todayC .Roman roads had milestones that were placed every Roman mileD .Roman roads still exist today as an impressive achievement of Roman Empire22. What information can you find on the milestones?A. The builders of the road.B. The materials used in building roads.C. The distance from one city.D. The time spent in building roads.23.The passage mainly .A. explains the saying “All roads lead to Rome”B. praises ancient Romans for their great achievementsC. shows how great the Roman Empire wasD. introduces the construction of the Roman roadsBKatie was in big trouble. She was such a sweet kid; a third-grade teacher always dreamed of having a classroom filled with Katies; she was never ever a discipline(纪律) problem .I just couldn’t imagine why she had made her parents so angry.It seemed that Katie had been running up sizeable(相当大的) charges in the lunchroom. Her parents explained that Katie brought a great home-made lunch each day , and there was no reason for her to buy school lunch. They assumed a sit-down with Katie would solve the problem, but failed. So they asked me to help them get to the bottom of this situation.So the next day, I asked Katie to my office. “Why are you charging lunches, Katie? Wh at happened to your homemade lunch?” I asked. “I lose it,” she responded. I leaned back in my chair and said, “I don’t believe you , Katie.” She didn’t care. “Is someone stealing your lunch, Katie?” I took a new track.“No.I just lose it,” she said .Well, there was nothing else I could do.The problem was still unsolved the next week when I noticed a boy who was new to the school sitting alone at a lunch table. He always looked sad. I thought I wouldgo and sit with him for a while .As I walked towards him , I noticed the lunch bag on the table .The name on the bag said “Katie”.Now I understood and I talked to Katie. It seemed that the new boy never brought a lunch , and he wouldn’t go to the lunch line for a free lunch. He had told Katie his secret and asked her not to tell anyone that his parents wanted him to get a free lunch at school. Katie asked me not to tell her parents, but I drove to her house that evening after I was sure that she was in bed. I had never seen parents so proud of their child. Kat ie didn’t care that her parents and teacher were disappointed in her. But she cared about a little boy who was hungry and scared.Katie still buys lunch every day at school. And every day, as she heads out of the door , her mom hands her a delicious home-made lunch.24. What did the author think of Katie?A. She performed well at school.B. She was a girl filled with love.C. She often made trouble at school.D. She used to be a discipline problem.25. Why did Katie eat school lunch instead of her home-made lunch every day?A. She lost her home-made lunch.B. She had her home-made lunch stolen.C.S he didn’t like the taste of her home-made lunch.D. She gave her home-made lunch to a hungry boy.26. What was Katie’s parents’ reaction to the truth about the lunch?A. They were very angry.B. They were proud of Katie.C. They were disappointed.D. They were rather upset.27. What can we learn from the passage?A. Katie was informed that her parents had known her secret.B .Katie told the author the truth of her lunch during their first talk.C. Katie’s secret of lunch was discovered by the author by accident.D. Katie stopped buying lunch at school after her secret was discovered.CThe spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and for the environment. Those findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.There are ways to solve this diet-health-environment problem. But they will require a change in eating habits. And what we eat can be a product of culture, personal taste, price and ease.David Tilman is a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota. In the study, he examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how diet affected health. Mr Tilman noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized, population increased and earnings rose. More people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.The Western diet is high in refined, or processed, sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter—and sicker. “The excess（过量）, let us say, in the 15 richest nations of the world, right now is on the order of about 400 or 500 extra calories a day that are eaten beyond what people need, and that lead people to gain weight.” David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for non-infectious diseases like diabetes, heart disease and some cancers. “Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Wester n diet, they are going to have these same health impacts, and in some cases if you are Asian, you have them more severely.”And, a diet bad for human beings, it seems, is also bad for the environment. As the world’s population grows , experts say more fore sts and tropical areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for grazing cattle. These areas will be needed to meet the increasing demand for food.“We are likely to have more greenhouse gas released in the future from agriculture because of this dietary shift than all the greenhouse gas that right now comes out of all forms of transportation.”Mr. Tilman calls the link between diet, the environment and human health“a trilemma.” He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.28. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the report?A. Different culture may cause different eating habits.B. Population increase is likely to lead some people to accept the Western diet.C. Western foods will probably make more people overweight.D. The Western diet is unhealthy because it is high in vitamins and proteins.29. What can we learn from the report?A. The western diet does less harm to the health of Asians.B. More greenhouse gas has been given off from agriculture.C. Western eating habits are responsible for some diseases like cancer.D. Nearly all people in developed countries consume more calories than needed.30.The underlined word “trilemma” in the last paragraph means .A. a relation to be maintainedB.an opinion causing an argumentC. a decision to be madeD. a problem offering a difficult choice31. What does this report mainly tell us?A. What people eat does influence their health.B. Our change in diet will lead to global climate warming.C. The Western diet is bad for environment as well as for human beings.D. Industrialization considerably shortens the lifespan of the world people.DBesides containing attractive flowers, trees and other plants that beautify the community , eco-friendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden .It is just a far more eco-friendly garden. Usually it is built lower than the ground. Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(浸入)slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.Thus, a rain garden keeps the water, allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden, rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused. The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two. This createsan advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed. This is a simple, attractive, and eco-friendly “green” way to treat storm water.What’s more, planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment. Without using expensive machinery and chemicals, rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate , soil, and water conditions. They may attract local wildlife such as native birds. Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week ,unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week. Once native plants establish the necessary root system ,they will require little care.Often, local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems. However, you don’t need to be a professionally environmental engineer to create a rain gar den. As long as you’re eco-conscious homeowners, you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.32. Which of the following is NOT true for the function of rain gardens?A. They are good for living conditions.B. They increase pollution.C. They can beautify the community.D. They improve the environment.33.Which of the following is the eco-friendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4?A. They can help reduce the pollution problem.B. They can keep the rain and storm water.C. They can be healthy for the people around.D. They can make the environment more beautiful.34.One of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is that.A. they cost less and are much easier to getB. they may attract local wildlife to comeC. they require little care from the local gardenerD .they are more used to the local growing conditions35.What do we know about rain gardens?A. They need little water after all the plants are planted.B. They may attract local birds and change the local climate.C. They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.D. They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.第二节(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。